Report on the manuscripts of the Marquess of Downshire v3

i!ii;«r.)mfi'<' ' , ..:i:\'.."..'..'i»;

g

^H^l^llu

lilB

1

^w

■ill

^IHH

^^^^^^H^fl

^^^^H^

m

SHI

E

s

1

Kl

^^H^^^^MJ^^^^^^^^B

^HMBH

H^HB

^^^■^^^^^n^^^^^^P^^^I

El

1

3

^^^■^^^^^^^^^^^^H^H

!^HMBiH

tBr/-t -HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION

' • t

REPORT ON
THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE

MARQUESS OF DOWNSHIRE

PRESERVED AT

EASTHAMPSTEAD PARK
BERKS

VOLUME THREE

PAPERS OF

WILLIAM TRUMBULL THE ELDER

1611 — 1612

Ei.TTEn nv A. R. HINDS, M.A.

I-ONDON : HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE

1938

V. 3

To l)e purchased directly from

H.M. STATIONERY (.)FFICE at the following addresses :

York House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2 ; 120 George Street, Edinburgh 2 :

26 York Street, Manchester I ; 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff,;

SO Chichester Street, Belfast ;

or through any bookseller

Price 12s. Od. net

(In H..:iiils 1 \k. Ikl. iicl)

Crown Copyright Reserved

S.O. Code No. ..(4 — 9031- — i

CONTENTS

PAGE

Introduction ... ... ... v

Corrigenda ... ... ... ... ... xxviii

Report ... ... ... ... ... ... 1

Index ... ... ... ... ... ... 453

I A 103146

This Report has been edited by Mr. A. R. Hinds, who has
also prepared the introduction and index. The greater
part of the text is based on transcripts made bv the late
Mr. E. K. PuRNEi.L (see Introduction to Vol. II, pp. xxiii and

xxiv).

The reference number suggested for this Report is 75.

INTRODUCTION.

Tins, the tliird volume of the scries, contains papers for the
two years 1611 and 1612. The material is of substantially
the same character as that of the preceding volume. It
contains, for the most part the information supplied to
Trumbull by his correspondents at different places, Brussels
being an excellent centre for the gathering of iiews. The
completeness of the picture is somewhat marred by the
absence of a number of the most interesting and informing
letters, whicli have already been printed in the work called
" Winwood's Memorials " and of Trunibidl's own despatches,
most of whicli are to be fomul in the files of State Papers,
Foreign, Flanders at tlie Public Record Office.

Tlie European scene at the opening of the year 1611 presents
the not unfamiliar spectacle of exliavistion following a long
period of strife, with conflicting ideologies threatening a fresh
outl)reak and a general apprehension that it might not Ijc long
delayed. Thanks to outside intervention the Cleves Juliers
dispute liad been provisionally settled by the joint occupation
of the duchies Ijy the princes of Brandenburg and Neul)urg,
known, fo]' that reason as the " Princes Possessioners." The
cmjjcror's claim to arbitrate in the matter Iiad been thwarted.
The troops collected vuider his brother, the Archduke Leopold,
to enforce this claim, feeing left unpaid and known as the
Passauers from the place where most of them were levied, had
Ijeconie a general menace. It w^as feared tliat they might
repeat the sack of Antwerp at Basel, an equally rich city, but
in the event they turned their steps towards Prague, where
the emperor was then residing. So Rudolph, who had hoped
to bridle and alarm his brothers by this armv, found liimself
confronted l)y the monster of his own creation. On the 14
February they surprised one of the gates of the city and occupied
tlic quarter known as the " little side " (kleinseit), amid terrible
scenes of slaughter and outrage (p. 18).

The emperor liad advised the Boliemians not to arm, but
they had taken no notice of this and offered a stout resistance.
Tliey also sent to the Archduke Mattliias, asking him to come
to tlicir assistance. Matthias took some time to collect an
army, but wlien once he began to move the Passauers did not

VI

stop to await liis urrix al. After occupying the " kleiuseit "
for o\er three weeks they decamped on the 11 March and pro-
ceeded to Biidweis, where they formed an entrenched camp.
That same day the Bohemians searched through the "kleiuseit"
and butchered without mercy all the stragglers whom they
found and all those in hospital (]). 40).

It was not until the '2M\ tliat Matthias readied the city
when he made a triumphal entry amid general rejoicing. ]'\jr
the moment he found himself master of the situation. The
recent events had completely discredited botli the em])eror
and Leopold. Rudolph had no love for affairs and such was
his irresolution that he was never of the same mind for twenty
four hours together. He now found himself abandoned and
defenceless. The Estates of Bohemia threw olT their allegiance
to him and caused all his principal counsellors to be arrested.
Rudolph was thus obliged to submit to all the demands of his
brother and to see him crowned king of Bohemia.

The Bohemians would have liked to be led against the
Passauers, but Matthias contented himself with buying them
off, and after some negotiations with their leaders, they were
eventually disbanded. In the midst of the turmoil Sir Stephen
Lesieur, tiie English ambassad(;r, arri\ed on the scene. He
had come on a mission to the emperor concerning the renewal
of the ban of 1597 against English traders in the empire. Lesieur
had only one audience, but these papers contain no particulars
of his negotiations. There is only a grumble from Hotman
because he passed through Dusseldorf without a word. " If
Dickenson and I, who have known Lesieur for thirty years,
had been able to have a couple of hours' talk, we should have
learned more, but he has given a day and a half to these princes
and has not bidden me good day or adieu. Our friendship
and my work here deserved l)etter " (p. 52). On leaving
Prague Lesieur was stopped a short distance outside the city
by a troop of Bohemian horse and brought back, together with
Tegnagel, a very unpopvilar minister of Leopold, who was in
his company. The ambassador ran some danger from the
populace, who mistook him for Leopold, l)ut he was treated
with courtesy by tlie authorities and left the next day with
an escort.

In the short span of life that remained to liim the Emperor
Rudolph endeavoured, though somewhat feebly, to retrieve
his position. Thus he made advances to the Princes of the
Union, which he had not previously recognised, and even
asked for their support. The Protestants indeed began to
have hopes of him, especially as lie had come to rely wholly
upon the courage and loyalty of the marquis of Anspach, the
prince of Anhalt and the count of Hanau (p. 168). But these
hopes were belied by the publication of an imperial ban against
the city of Aix, where the people had risen against tlie influence
of the Jesuits and their Catholic magistracy.

Vll

111 the mean time Rudolph did his best to put olT as long as
possible a meeting ol' the Electors to choose a king of the
Romans, in the fear that such a step would render his authority
even weaker than it was already. At the turn of the year he
was very ill and could get no rest, iiiglit or day. He thouglit
ol' leaving I'rague for Innsbruck, as being the more healthy
place, but on the morning of the 10th of January he died. The
end came unexpectedly : even the imperial princes at Prague
had not been informed of liis illness. His valet and some others
were fortliwith arrested and the \alet, not long afterwards,
hanged himself in prison. This sudden end is said to have
upset the plans of the Archduke Albert in Germany. It was
little felt in the empire, although the Bohemians were regretting
their old master before tlie year was out (p. 396).

Rudolph had little capacity and less inclination for rule.
His heart was in his collections. His treasure, consisting
chiefly of paintings, medals, clocks and other curios was
estimated to be worth eight or nine million crowns (p. 229).
Months after his death men were at work in his treasure chamber,
where they found \'cry precious things, besides fifteen bales
which the emperor had intended to send away (p. .'567).

II.

When Rudolph died there was no king of the Romans ready
elected, to take his place. The question had been in agitation
for some months, but the late emperor's efforts to postpone a
decision liad been only too successful. Although other names
were mentioned, tlic choice cxentually narrowed itself down
to two of the emperor's younger Ijrothcrs, Matthias and Albert.
At one time Maximihan of Ba\aria was considered to have a
good chance as he had tlie ecclesiastical electors on his side
(p. 70) ; but at the time of Rudolph's death he was considered
to be out of it (p. 233).

The Electoral College Iiad itself recently undergone important
changes. In Septeml)er 1610 the Elector Palatine, P'rederick
IV had died, lea\'ing an heir who was a minor, only fourteen
years of age. This was of special consequence because the
Elector Palatine was, l)y the constitution, vicar of the empire
during an interregnum. The administration of the Palatinate
with the \iearship pertaining to it, was in dispute between the
dukes of Deuxponts and Neuburg. The question was settled
in favour of the former with the consent of all. but his rival,
but Neuburg received tlie decision with a very bad grace. In
June 1611 Christian of Saxony died and was succeeded by his
brother, Jolm (ieorge. Saxony was one of the claimants to
the Cleves inheritance, but he had not been included in the
possession. Although both the brothers were Protestants,
the attitude of the new elector was felt to be j)r<)bleniatical.
In February 1612 the Elector of Cologne closely followed

vin

Rudolpli to the grave. But he was inunediately succeeded
by his nephew, who liad long acted as coadjutor, and so there
was no material diilcrence in that quarter.

In the early months of 1612 Albert seemed to have the better
chance of obtaining the sid'frages of the Electors. He had
courted and won the goodwill of Saxony and was also favoured
by the ecclesiastical Electors. As he had no issue liis
candidature was fa\<)ured by Spain iu the hope that he might
keep the place warm until an Infant of Spain was old enough
to take it. On the other hand Matthias's treatment of the
late emperor and the manner of his seizure of the crown of
Bohemia did not meet with general appro\al and it was feared
that his election might divide the brothers and the empire
(p. 208).

In fa\()iir of Matthias was the position of his estates, which
formed a bulwark against the Turks and he seemed to be the
prince who was most competent to cope with them (pp. 233, 302).
The Protestants also preferred him before any other prince of
his faith. The support of Spain was not an immixed advantage,
as the German princes were very apt to resent any sign ol'
Spanish interfercjicc. The Spanish ambassadcjr Zuniga, who
seemed to be taking altogether too much interest in the election,
received a smart snub. He was preparing to make a splendid
appearance at the diet, but when he expressed a wish to be
present at the election he was told that he would be sent for
if his king's affairs were brought forward and if they needed
him (p. 144).

In the end tlie (jucstion was settled Ijy tlie witlidrawal of
Albert, who reconmicjided Matthias to the choice of the Electors.
It seems likely that this renunciation was due to representations
made to him by the Archduke Maximilian and other Austrian
princes (p. 235). It thus came about that Matthias was elected
without any opj)osition. The ceremony is described in some
detail in a letter from Frankfort of the 3rd June (p. 310).

III.

How would Matthias deal with the questions that divided
the empire ? Of these three were outstanding : the Cleves
Juliers succession ; the revolt at Aix and the fortification of
Mullieim by the Princes Possessioncrs. Tlie provisional settle-
ment of the duchies had been reached in defiance of the late
emperor. This had been achieved, at least in part, through
assistance from PVance and England. Those two powers as
well as the princes of the Union wished to have Saxony included
in the possession, in order to give additional strength against
encroachment by the House of Austria. A treaty to this elTcct
had actually been drawn up at Juterbog between Saxony and
Brandenburg. Christian died ))efore this was ratified and
difhcidtics soon l)egan to show themselves. Tlie young

IX

Palatine of Neuburg objected to the treaty from the first aiul
hindered its acceptance by his fatlier (p. 87). Tiie Electress
of Brandenburg also disliked it and the prince induced her to
write to France and England against it. In spite of tliis both
powers did their best to induce Neuburg to give way especially
as John George liad professed his readiness to join the Union
if he was assisted in maintaining the treaty (pp. 125, 143). It
was all in vain for Wolfgang William averred that he wcjuld
never ratify it. In February 1612 the Elector of Brandenburg
wrote to tlie Saxon definitely repudiating the treaty, since it
liad not been accepted either by Neuburg or by the Estates of
the duchies (p. 233). Later in tlie year the French ambassador
Ancel suggested a new treaty between Brandenburg and
Saxony ; but the breach only threatened to become wider.
John George declared that he would not suffer himself to be
mocked by Neuburg and that he meant to liave his share either
amicably or by force (pp. 191, 208).

Owing to the value of the electoral vote John George was
much courted by the other side, and liis consequent intimacy
witli the Arclidukes and the ecclesiastical Electors only made
him tlie more suspect to tlie Protestant party. This led
Brandenburg to send a special mission to France and
England to set forth the reasons why he refused to consent to
the admission of Saxony to possession of the duchies. He
declared that Saxony had not performed any of the articles
of the treaty ; that the chief argument for admitting him had
been to withdraw him from Spain, but that he had only become
more deeply committed to those interests (p. 364).

For the time being Matthias had not declared himself on tlie
subject. It was believed in Spain that he would announce his
intentions in the spring and show bis displeasure at the rebellious
action of Brandenburg (p. 380). In the autumn of 1612 the
Princes Possessioners sent their ambassadors to him. A meeting
of those interested in the duchies was to be held at Erfurt in
January, but at the end of the year Matthias had not issued
any instructions on the subject.

The question of Aix had already been judged by the Emperor
Rudolph who issued a ban against the rebels in October 1611.
A settlement was of consequence owing to the proximity of the
imperial city to the dominions of the archdukes and to the
disputed duchies. The citizens had demanded the expulsion of
the Jesuits, admission to the Senate of men of both confessions
and freedom of worship, points on which the old magistracy
refused to make any concession. Deputies of tlie Princes
Possessioners intervened and had almost reached a settlement
when commissioners arrived from the archdukes and threw
everything into confusion again. The citizens refused to
recognise their competence, declaring that they recognised
the emperor as tlieir chief and the duke of Juliers as their

protector, Ijut that tlic'\- were independent til' the archdukes.
Ambassadors from France next j)ut in an appearance ; hut
they fared no better. The citizens refused to act with them
because France was not of tlie empire. But tiie Frcncli
ministers helped to save the situatioJi when the pubhcation of
the emperor's mandate caused an outburst of fia^y against the
archdukes' commissioners. Tliey eventually left without
having achieved anything but before going tliey signed a
))romise of support for the Princes Possessioners in case of need
()). 198). An attack by the archdukes was fully anticipated,
which the preparations going on around them gave the citizens
good reason to expect.

At this critical moment the emperor's death brought relief.
It gave the Austrian party (jther matters to think about and
in the mean time the functions of the emperor devolved upon
the vicar of the empire wlio happened to be tlie Protestant
duke of Deuxponts. He appointed conunissioners to deal
with the question and although the old magistracy of the city
refused to recognise their competence they proceeded with
their task, appointing a new magistracy tliat was entirely
Protestant.

It was not until four months after his election that Matthias
appointed commissioners to proceed to Aix. This action
tlireatened to bring about a conflict with the Princes of the
Union and Aix forthwith sent to Heidelberg to ask for assist-
atice. Conunissioners were accordingly appointed by the
administrator there to meet the emperor's representatives.
Such was the position at the end of the year. The emperor
claimed to be sole arl)iter in the matter and he betrayed his
bias by taking the Jesuits under his protection. But the honour
of the administrator was deeply concerned in the l)usiness and
it was believed that Mattliias would hardly go out of his way
to oi't'eiid him, especially as he needed help from the Protestant
princes to enable him to fight the Turks.

The fortification of Mulheim, intended as a defence against
Cologne, was regarded there as distinctly provocative. The
point was particularly sensitive lieeause at Rome and in
Germany Cologne was regarded as the cliief bulwark of the faith
in Western Germany (p. 'SS4-). This question was taken up \ cry
promptly by Matthias and only a month after his election he
issued an order for the demolition of the works witliout listening
to what the other side liad to say. He entrusted tlie execution
of the order to the archdukes : l)ut they, always with an eye on
the Dutch, were in no hurry to take action. Matthias was not
minded to desist and in September he sent a peremptory order
to Brandenburg and Xcuburg to obey his mandate within a
month (p. 372). Faced witli this the Possessioners at ojice
st()p))ed the building, l)ut tliey sent a special messenger to the
emperor to make their excuses for not demolisiiing wliat had

already been erected and to rei'ute the calumnies of their
enemies (p. 381). At the same time they sent to all the princes
of the Union. Writing in August Dickenson did not think
that the emperor would challenge the latter (p. 348).

Mattliias did not wait long before sliowing his true colours.
All the old and evil councillors at Prague were restored, with
Klesl, archbishop of Vienna at their head, who came to exercise
a complete ascendancy. Furstemberg, one of the commissioners
to Aix, let out his idea of his master's programme. It was, to
fight the Turks in the coming year and after that to deal with
the rebels, meaning the Protestaiit princes (p. 430). Even
apart from this revelation the general situation caused the
Protestants considerable uneasiness. This was by no means
allayed l)y the arrival in Germany oi' the Marquis Spinola, the
best general in the service of the House of Austria. He left
Spain in April and, passing through France, arrived at Brussels
in June. After consulting with the archdukes and with Zuniga,
the Spanish ambassador, with a visit to Cologne, he proceeded
in August to Prague. There the emperor received and made
much of him. There also he conferred with Klesl, with nnich
mutual satisfaction. Spinola declared that he had never met
a more politic man than the archbishop who, for his part,
averred that he knew no better soldier than Spinola (p. 378).

These proceedings could not fail to excite attention.
Rochester wrote to TriunbuU that the king suspected that some
mischief was hatching and he wished all his ministers abroad
to hold strict intelligence together to try and get to the bottom
of it (p. 348). In the general opinion projects were on foot
to break up the Union, to expel Brandenburg and Neuburg
from the duchies, to incorporate Liege in the Spanish Nether-
lands and to prepare the way for a younger son of the king of
Spain to become king of the Romans (p. 317). Spinola's chief
business at Prague was reported to be about stopping the build-
ing at Mulheim and harassing the inhabitants. A secret under-
standing with the archdukes was suspected, with the intention
to proceed against Mulheim if the princes refused to obey the
emperor's commandment (p. 390). Such was the position in
which the ai'fairs of the empire were left at the close of the
year 1612.

lY.

The position of the queen regent in France was one of great
difficulty. She had to deal with the princes of the blood and
the nobles, who were both greedy and troublesome. It was
also necessary to reassure the Huguenots wiio were doubtful
about the observance of the Edict of Nantes, and to keep them
in order. That the queen would lean more strongly to the
Catholic side seemed very probable. Some indication of a
change of heart was shown l)y the substitution of a more
Jesuitical tutor for the king than M. des Yveteaux. The

Xll

reni()\al about tlie same time of M. de Soiivray, the king's
goNcrnor, seems to ha\c been for no other reason than his age
and because the king found him stifi' and peremptor}'.

In foreign affairs there seemed to be no likehh<jod of any
drastic change of pohcy. Friendly relations were maintained
witl\ England and support was continued to the Dutch and the
Princes Possessioners. But these allies were destined to receive
a severe shock when it became known that the efforts of Spain
to secure an alliance with France had proved successful. The
impression was deepened when it appeared that tlic marriages
were to be double. This caused apprehension, not only to
other states but to many in J>ance itself (p. 133). English
sentiment was expressed by Throckmorton who wrote " the
quiet of us and om' neighbours consisteth nuich in keeping
tliose great kingdoms divided " (p. 148). In Paris Edmondes
remonstrated with the ministers, pointing out that tJiough
they might be justified in seeking quiet during the king's
minority it was evident tliat tlie king of Spain had a deep design
to make them serve his other ends (p. 151). In Venice also
the French were generally decried for a poor piece of policy
that to keep themselves quiet during the king's minority they
gave Avav to such greatness as might overswav him all his life
after (p.' 262).

The French were at great pains to reassure their allies. There
was, indeed, a party in France that would have preferred an
English alliance (p. 23). In reply to Edmondes' representations
tlie French ministers told him that nothing liad been delinitcly
concluded, owing to tlie youth of the parties. Their main
object had Iscen to secure good relations with Spain during the
king's minority. They protested that no marriage with S])ain
would make them recede from the policy which united them
with England in the strictest bonds of amity (p. 150).

To their other friends the Dutch the P^rench sent M. de
Reffuge, just back from a mission to the Swiss. He informed
them of the settlement about the doid^le marriages and tried
to make them believe that the treaty contained some special
clauses for their assurance ; but he left none of his auditors
possessed with that opinion (p. 235).

Tlie best guarantee against a sinister combination between
the two great powers lay in their intense nuitual dislike. This,
by the irony of events, was brought into particular relief by
the state embassies which were sent to celebrate the contract.
Eaeli side jealously watched the other to see that strict parity
was observed in matters of ceremony. The duke of Mayennc
went to Spain with a splendid train, but his followers behaved
with such arrogance that the Spaniards declared that the English
were perfect angels by comparison, an allusion to Nottingham's
mission se\en years before. Near Burgos a serious affray took
place, while Mayennc was on his way to tlie capital, and there
were other incidents.

Xlll

Tlie duke of Pastrana went to Paris with a stately eonipany
of 300 persons and with 450 mules. Before he reached the
capital he sent to ask for 250 liorses, so that he might not give
the Parisians occasion to call out aiix asnes after him, as they
had after the duke of Feria (p. 31-0). In spite of this precaution
and a proclamation against insulting the Spaniards the populace
could not refrain from mocking at the sorry appearance of
some of the train, as they rode their nudes (p. 345). The
unfavourable impression was deepened when it transpired that
the seemingly splendid liveries worn by the better dressed were
of counterfeit stuff, and that the inferior followers fared like
beggars. It was stated that in Pastrana's own liouse the officers
daily sold the best part of the sumptuous provisions which
were supplied at the king's cost (p. 357). When the time came
for the Spaniards to go the king and queen were very glad to
be rid of them. It was certain that they would be roundly
abused as soon as they had turned tlieir backs, for the French
had gathered a large catalogue of Pastrana's base and unworthy
actions (p. 359).

To dissipate English suspicions about the Spanish marriages
the duke of Bouillon was sent over in May 1612. He was to
give assurances that the new alliance woidd not disturb in any
way the existing friendly relations with England. He had a
most friendly reception at Court there, thougii the Spanish
ambassador avoided meeting him, owing to a quarrel with the
lieger, a remarkable state of affairs between the representatives
of princes who were to be so nearly allied (p. 296). A full
acco^n^t of this mission is given by Fosearini, the Venetian
Ambassador, in his despatches from London.* From Paris,
after the duke's return, the Ambassador (iiustinian reported
that although they made public the honours accorded in England
they kept secret the duke's account of liis negotiations.! This
omission is, at least to some extent, made good here. Soon
after Bouillon arrived liack Edmondes went to Court to mark
the result of the visit. A letter of Beaulieu's records wliat took
place at the audience. In reply to the assurances given by
Bouillon James had asked that the ambassadors of both
countries should be instructed to hold free and confident com-
munication with each other upon all matters concerning the
common good and especially concerning the maintenance of
tlie United Provinces. He asked that the queen regent sliould
join with liim in persuading the princes of Germany to receive
the Dutch into their own Union and to enter the same herself,
to show that the league was one, not of religion, but of state.
Finally he proposed that France and England should unite
to draw tlie duke ol' Saxony from his dangerous course of
seeking assistance from Spain and the archduke. To tlie first

* Venetian Calendar, Vol. xii, pp. 2!iy, 349, 304, etc,
t Ibid, p. 380,

XIV

and third of these demands the queen readily assented. With
regard to the second slie rephed that she thought that sufficient
provision for the security of the States had already been made,
and that to go further might cause offence to the king of Spain,
which France, in her present condition could not afford to do.
Nevertheless she said she would be glad to sec the Dutch
received into the Union if it could be done by any other means
(p. 320). This seems to liavc been a fair statement of French
policy. Lesieur, who was going to Prague to malce joint
representations to the emperor with the P'rench ambassadors
about Mvdhcim, told Bilderbeck- that the two kings proposed
ii^ future to act together in the affairs of their allies (p. 408).

V.

Owing to a suggestion offered by the Ambassador Velasco,
Sir John Digby was sent to Spain to arrange a match between
tlie prince of Wales and the first Infanta. When he broaclied
the question at Madrid he found that they had no serious
intention of any such union and discovered, for the first time,
the trutli about the alliance with Fraixce. The rebuff was
severe and was deeply felt by James. Velasco tried to put
himself right with the king by protesting that he had received
positive instructions from Lerma to make the suggestion. It
was an imlucky beginning for Digby, who had made special
preparation for an embassy that promised to be one of pecidiar
importance. He was a young man, only 31 years of age, and
it was his first diplomatic mission. It was not likely to be an
easv task at best. Cottington, who was in charge at Madrid,
regretted that such a noble gentleman of so much al^ility should
be employed in an imhappy country where he could reap no
honour and give no contentment (p. 96). Yet fundamentally
the prospects were not quite so hopeless. Spain had need of
friendly relations witli England Ijccause the hostility of that
country involved a serious threat to the safe arrival of the
indispensable treasure fleets from America and to communica-
tions with Flanders. The jjcople in fact rejoiced at the coming
of an Enghsh ambassador because they liad feared that another
course might be taken to repair the wrongs daily committed
against the English (p. 50).

Nevertheless there seemed to be no bright lining to tlie clouds
at the outset. At San Sebastian ofhcers of the Inquisition
boarded the ship and took away all the books, sending them
under seal to the Cardinal of Toledo. There was apparently
some difficulty about getting possession of the house provided
at Madrid and the Cardinal forthwitli tried to stop the
celel)ration of tlie Anglican communion i]\ it (p. 111). Arriving
in the summer time Digby and his party suffered all the effects
of a trying climate. During the first weeks sickness was rife
in his house, he himself was ill and his wife miscarried. In
September he wrote that he believed half of tliem would have

XV

been dead l)iit that he had the plea.santest house in Madrid,
with gardens and other con\enicnces (p. 140). Small wonder
that he grew despondent and declared that there was nothing
bnt hatred and villainy in the country towards England (j). 1.58).
In the mean time English merchants trading to Spain were
being very badly treated. They complained daily of the wrongs
done to them, tliat orders in their faxour were never carried
out and that no redress Cf)uld be obtained from the king (p. 197).
In London Salisbury took the Spanish ambassador aside and
warned him that Digby would be recalled and letters of reprisal
granted if no redress could be obtained from the king. " What
misery it is," wrote Sanford, " to live at the mercy of Spain."
Digby suspected ulterior designs and said tliat he found the
Spaniards strangely arrogant and lifted up upon the strength
of the new alliance with France (p. 301).

Nevertheless, by character and ability Digby was wimiing
for himself an honoiu'able position in the coinitry. It was not
done by giving way. At the \ery beginning he had insisted
upon his right to have the communion celebrated in his house,
and at once carried the point. When the })rcsident of the
Hacienda pretended to make some difliculty about receiving
him, he promptly brought that official to his knees (p. 225). In
treatil^g for the payment of a debt due to the merchant Calley
he succeeded in arriving at a satisfactory settlement, although
it was a particularly diflicult case that had dragged on for years.
In tliis he seems to lia\c received notable assistance from Father
Creswell. although Edmondes considered it a scandal that he
shoiild be on friendly terms with a Jesuit (p. 128). " My lord,"
wrote Sanford, "is a man, very reasonable in disposition
gracious by reason of the account they make of the amity of
England, powerful here and the one most likely to do good in
this business " (p. 220). In connection with a report that the
widowed king of Spain proposed to ask for the hand of the
Princess Elizabctli, the Venetian ambassador reported that
Digby was in such high favour at that Court that it was im-
possible to form an opinion on the subject. This report had
been so industriously spread that Digby suspected it had been
j)ut about for the j)urposc of concealing some other matters,
and lie did his best to discredit it. An equally ill founded
report circulated later in the year. This was that the English
fleet had set upon a Spanish squadron and that, in consequence,
Digby had been ordered to lea\'e Madrid in three days. Amid
these conflicting rumours Digby pursued the even tenor of his
way.

Towards the end of this period the embassy extraordinary
to England of Don Pedro dc Zmiiga excited a good deal of
attention and much conjecture. It seems to have been intended
chiefly as an effort to prevent the marriage of the Princess
Elizabeth to the Elector Palatine. To hold out the prospect
of a Spanisli alliance, which they had no intention of fulfilling.

XVI

in order to prevent one that was distasteful to tliem, was in
accordance with the policy pursued by Spain for the rest of
the reign.

Of the various matrimonial projects for Prince Henry
and his sister there is not much here that is unfamiliar. i\^n
anonymous paper of some interest (p. 251) discusses the
relative suitability of various parties for the princess. The
Palatine is dismissed very curtly ; rather more consideration
is given to Count Maurice of Nassau (he was 45 at this time)
but the final vote is given in favour of an alliance with Sav(jy.
This match fovmd no favour at the English Court aiid the
ambassador who came from Savoy to promote it was politely
bowed out.

From an early date James seems to have favoured the
Palatine. But the prince appeared to be in no hurry to take
advantage of this friendly disposition. Beaulieu commented
on the slowness of the Germans, who were " so dull and tedious
that they often lost the fairest occasions " (p. 94). He feared
that " their slow and respectless proceeding " might breed
disgust against them. Levinus Munck expressed the wish
that the German minds " were a little more kindled to compass
that jewel." Matters were set going in earnest in the spring
of 1612, but the prince did not actually arrive in England until
October. ID wishers had spread reports disparaging his person
and manners, but these were speedily dissipated by his appear-
ance on the scene. His presence and behaviour left nothing
to be desired. He is described as a very fine prince, tall for
his years, of a strong constitution, round faced, of a pleasing
aspect, with eyes black and quick (p. 391). The king at once
took to his prospective son in law and before the end of the year
it coidd be said that the prince was as dear to him as one of
liis own children (p. 436).

VI.

Although Trumbull had no correspondent in England in
these years whose letters match those of Edmondes and Beaulieu
in the preceding volume, there is a good deal about home affairs
from other correspondents. The king began the year 1611
with many good resolutions. He meant to play the good
husband, to reject all importunate and impertinent suitors,
to reform excess of apparel and generally to practise economy
(p. 28). But it is evident that these resolutions went the way
of their like. The special favour accorded to the Scots rendered
them very unpopular and Sandford roundly calls them " Court
cormorants." There was another side to this and a corres-
pondent of lord Haddington declared that the nobility were
the cause of the present wants, rather than the Scots, who had
but small sums by comparison with the others (p. 3). None
the less, the unrulv and overbearing behaviour of certain Scots

XVll

served to accentuate the general feeling. This found expression
in a jingle of the time :

The Scots beg our goods, lands and lives,
They switcli our nobles and lie with their wives.
They pinch our gentlemen and send for oni' benchei's ;
They stab our sergeants and pistol our fencers.

One of the worst offenders, lord Sanquhar, who had com-
mitted murder, was duly hanged, contrary to expectation.
The king remained firm, although the king and queen of France,
as well as many others pleaded for him (p. 325). Of another
murder said to have been committed by a Scottish lord, I have
failed to find confirmation. The report is that a son of the
earl of Essex was stabbed at Oxford by lord Kinloss, son cf a
late Master of the Rolls (p. 332). Rol)crt Carr no-w begiiis to
come into notice. In March 1611 he was created viscount
Rochester, and by becoming an Bmglish lord, got the start of
all his countrymen. The king's affection for him made the
queen furiously jealous and led to a curious incident, recorded
on page 83, in which Sir Thomas Overbury was involved. For
over three months the queen nursed her wrath, but in September
Sir Thomas was able to approach the Court again, chiefly due to
the strenuous efforts of Rochester on behalf of his friend (p. 139).
Two months later the offender was duly received again with
the queen's consent.

The king's well known delight in the chase brought him some
unusual presents. The most remarkable of these was a cheetah
brought by the Savoyard ambassad(jr in the autumn of 1611,
as a gift from his master. This gave the king great delight.
The animal followed him like a dog and would catch a hare in
two or three leaps and kill any deer that were pointed out to
it (pp. 167, 180, 192). At some other time the elector of
Brandenburg sent the king a present of eland deer (p. 406).

Prince Henry, now aged seventeen, was beginning to take a
part in public life. On Monday the 7th October, 1611 he sat
for the first time in the Council, of which he was nominally
president (p. 155). About a year later Trumbull forwarded to
him a book of policy and government, as " the first sacrifice
and earnest penny " of his unfeigned devotion. Unfortunately
we are not told the title of the work which he considered worthy
of the prince's attention. Apart from the various projects for
his marriage the references to the prince are more concerned
with the lighter side of his life. The very first paper describes
a masque which he had performed at Whitehall. The writer,
a Spaniard, adds that at the close of the performance, every-
thing was torn down with furious haste, according to the strange
custom of the country. This would seem to give an additional
significance to Prospero's well known hues :

And, lil{e this insubstantial pageant faded
Leave not a wrack behind.

\Vt, 1216 Down. Ill— B

X\'H1

Another masque, got up by tlic prince and liis mother was
performed towards tlie end of the year. At tlie Piaster festivities
following the prinec lost a sujjpcr at a rinining at the ring. He
was preparing to take part in the tilting at the coronation
festivities of ]6r2. There is a hint, in a letter to Tnimhnll,
of an interest ii\ scidi)tm'c and pictures (p. 23<S). In contrast
to his father the prince is described as a good husband, though
bovuitifid in giving wiicre lie tliought it deserved (p. 333). His
last public appearance was at the reception oi' the Palatine
at Whitehall. He was too ill to attend the lord mayor's l)anquct
soon afterwards, wlien he was said to l)e sul'fering from a cliill.
Four days later Mayerne, the famous French physician, told
the king that he was in desperate case and that he was not
to be dealt with as a prince but as a common person if his life
were to be saved {p. 401). His death was regarded as a national
calamity at which the enemies of the coimtry were expected
to rejoice. It was noticed that the French Court did not go
into mourning for him. A few days after his death a youth,
stark naked, came to St. James', knocked loudly at the gates
and, being admitted, marched boldly to the pri\y chamber,
where he made a speech to all the company, saying that he was
the prince's soul come from Heaven (p. 414).

In April 1611 little Prince Charles, at the age of ten, was
chosen a knight of the (iarter. I^ater in the year there was
some idea of making him Lord High Admiral, with Prince Henry
in charge during his minority and a body of commissioners to
do the work (p. 147). But when the time came for Nottingham
to hand over his patent, the king refused to take it and in view
of the veteran's ser\iees, asked him to enjoy tlie olhcc for life.
The prince, in order to gain experience, would act as his
assistant (p. 171). Charles celebrated his twelfth birthday
whilst his brother still lay unbnried, dining with his mother.
It was exj)ected that he would continue to li\e with her. In
the mean time two of the king's chaplains were appointed to
attend him and instruct him in the principles of the Church
of England (p. 436).

VII.

The death of Robert Cecil, earl of Salisbury, marks a delinite
stage in the reign. He had been ill for a loiig time, but he
seems to have cherished hopes of recovery right up to the end.
Yet, in taking leave of the (jiieen in April, he told her that he
did not expect he should see her again, thougli she was only
going to Hampton Court (p. 276). He was not a popular hgure.
" Our great, strange little lord is gone," wrote Calvert, " and
as soon forgotten." One ol' his last acts certainly shows a
strange lack of consideration. He made his men charge them-
selves with new clothes for St. (ieorgc's day, though they were
very poor (p. 283). He liad gathered all the affairs of state
into his own hands, having been treasurer as well as secretary

XIX

since Dorset's deatli. He showed a great iinwilliiiguess to
share responsibility, though during iiis absence at Bath, before
his last journey, Sir Julius Caesar acted as treasurer and Sir
Thomas Lake as secretary. But two of Salisbury's own pri\ ate
secretaries were charged to open packets and to bring all
matters of importance before the Council (p. 290).

Before Salisbur\''s death Calvert advanced the opinion that
no one was anxious to succeed to the office, the king being so
deeply in debt and with so little to meet his obligations. This
applied to the treasury l)ut not to the secretaryship, as is shown
by the report of another correspondent : " Here is extreme
elbowing by great lords, to bring in their friends to be secretaries "
(p. 436). In spite of Salisbuiy's admitted eminence there were
sexeral who believed tliat they had claims and tlie capacity
to take his place. Among these Winwood showed himself the
most pushing. Leaving his post at tiie Hague, he hurried off
to London to see the king. James received him graciously,
but he gained nothing by his impetucwity and returned almost
inmiediately to Holland, empty handed. Some thought that
he had done himself no good by this show of indecent haste.*
Edmondes who watched his proceedings with a jealous eye,
had been ad\ised by friends to return to Court, but he showed
more prudence or caution and preferred to wait on events
(p. 312). The king desired him to remain where he was for
the present, promising to remember his services and to give
him some good preferment in due course (p. 333).

James was, in fact, in no hurry to settle the matter. He
had come to the conclusion that, for the future, he woidd not
allow several great offices to be held by one person (p. 412).
He decided that for the time being he would act as his t)wn
secretary, until he could hx upon some fit person to hold the
place. The various claimants^ were therefore left in suspense,
though it was expected tliat the king would appoint a treasurer
and that Nottingham would be the man. No one could
l)e ])()inted at so confidently for secretary though towards the
end of the year there were indications that Rochester would
perform at least some of the duties of the office.

VIIL

The appointment of Abbot early in the year 1611 to be arch-
l)ishop of Canterbury caused some surprise and no little heart-
l)urning. Before it was pubhcly announced Launeelot Andrews,
the bishop of Ely, expressed his own opinion on the subject.
If York had it, he said, it were but his right ; if Winchester,

* The evidence im this is conllicting. Moi'e says tliat he " went liy cji'dei' ti'(im
the liing, liotli secretly and suddenly " (p. 823), Beaulieu, on the other hand, says
nu une knew ol tlie king sending for him {p. 33.'.!), wliile Nieuland heard that he liad
gone in the liojie of the office of secretary, taking as a pretext the affairs of the
Hanse Towns (p. 32!)).

t Tt is curious that in his survey of i)ossil)le candidates for the secretaryship,
(iai-diucr does not mention cither Winwtmd oi' lOdmondes. Hist, of Kif.c/Iand, Vol.
ii, page li(i.

5cx

that he had but his desert, but if London had it then he (Kly),
had wrong. It is stated that Abbot, by the king's command,
was made to take an oath that he had used no practice, either
directly or indirectly, to attain that office (p. 32). Shortly
after his appointment Abbot was drawn into a controversy
with Sir Edward Coke about the jurisdiction of the High
Commission Court (p. 84).

The policy of certain of the popes and tlie Jesuit doctrine
of their right to depose kings rendered the government somewhat
doubtfvd about the undivided loyalty of its C'atholie subjects.
Their treatment was tlierefore a difficult problem. Tliey formed
a numerous section of the community and one writer liere ex-
presses the opinion that they were even more numerous than
they appeared to be, because many were Protestants more for
show than at heart (p. 252). Tn Catholic Europe the treatment
of priests, who were regarded as traitors in England, aroused
very strong feeling, even so far afield as Venice. At liouvain
an English arrival brought a story of a plan of Archbishop
Abbot to poison all the priests in custody, though the king was
revolted by the idea and the queen and Northampton opposed
it vigorously (p. 341). English ministers abroad found them-
selves called upon to explain the true position. When Brussels
was scandalised by the execution of some priests Trumbull
replied that they had already been convicted as traitors. The
king, in his mercy, had commuted the sentence to banishment,
but as tliey returned to the country in spite of this, they deserved
their fate. As this sort of thing was constantly happening the
king proposed that whenever he released priests at the inter-
cession of an ambassador, he would get an undertaking from the
minister that they should not return (p. 327).

The seminaries abroad which trained priests expressly for
the mission to England, were regarded by ministers as nests
for hatching treason. Their great attraction covdd not be
denied. Trumbull lameiated the concourse of " besotten
English," which flocked to Flanders to the " harlot of Babylon
and her jingling priests " (p. 273). Salisbury merely shrugged
his shoulders and wrote that such things were " like the tree
they grow on, unpleasant, unsound and such as are far fitter
for a settled peace to bring forth than remedy " (p. 127). An
enthusiastic Dutchman of property proposed to found a new
order of Eremites, called " Fratres Martyrisationis," wlio,
upon command of their superior, must repair to England or
to any other part of the world and expose their lives to all
kinds of dangers for the winning of souls (p. 304). At Paris
Edmondes exerted himself to stop tlie establishment of an
English nunnery there under the auspices of the duchess of
Longueville's sisters. Numbers of English goitlewomen were
already gathered at a house selected for the purpose, but the
ambassador succeeded in having them sent clean out of the
country (p. 440). In Spain, FatJier Cresswell, tliough at first

XXI

thwarted in his plan to found an Enghsh seminary there, seemed
likely to prove successful at another attempt. The pre-
dominance of the Jesuits and their activities did not meet with
the general approval of C'atliolics. In April 1612 a meeting,
luider the pope's auspices, was lield at Douay, of five distin-
guished secular priests, of whom Dr. Richard Smith, later
hishop of Chaleedon, was one. Among other things they dis-
cussed how tiicy miglit get the seminary tlicre out of the laands
of the Jesuits and sent their reasons and motives to Rome for
approval (p. 304).

IX.

The difficulties of the English merchants in Spain have been
referred to abo^'e. A letter from one Richard Churche from
Constantinople describes the state of trade tliere. Sir Thomas
Glover, the ambassador at the Pfirte, liad been devoting his
energies, fruitlessly, to supporting tlic claims of Stephen Bogdan
to be prince of Moldavia. Upon Bogdan's departure Glover
called all the merchants together to make his apologies, as
while the prince was there he had never respected his merchants
or their affairs. He promised for the future to devote himself
to their interests which Itc admitted he had neglected, becaiise
he could not follow both businesses together (p. 184).

In the empire the merchants were suffering from the emperor's
policy of promoting the interests of the Hansa Towns at their
expense. To this end he had re^■ived the edict of 1597 for
excluding them and their trade altogether. Lesieur had been
sent to Fi'ague on this ])usiness, and the edict was not rigorouslj^
enforced. The mercliants seemed able to co];e witli tiic situa-
tion, but, in order to compose their differences with, the Hanse
more easily, they proposed to mo^'e their liead quarters from
Stade to Hamburg (p. 196).

A threat to English trade with wlnich Trimibull was much
more nearly concerned was due to a project of the archdidcc
to re\"ive the cloth trade in Flanders. Some Englisli renegades
and certain natives of the country had represented to the arch-
duke the desirability of promoting such a revival. They
offered to pay 5000 crowns a day in lieu of the customs paid
by the English compaiiy, for three years, if their ancient
privileges and immunities were restored (p. 63). One Ansclm
Frcvost took a prominent part in the agitation to set tlie \n-
dustry on its legs free from foreign competition. As early as
October 1611 he obtained an assurance for tliose who were
doubtful aloout risking their capital if they were not fidly
protected. The arcliduke promised tliat when the passports
issued for the importation of cloth had expired he would not
grant any fresh ones for any cause wiiatsoexer {p. 153). The
(juestion was referred by the archdulce to the provincial councils,
which reported in its fax'oui-. Prc\'ost considered that the
victory was won. He boasted that he liad obtained from

Wt. ]21fi Down, ni— b1

XX 11

the king of Spain letters enjoining the archdiiive not to grant
any more passports for Englisli cloth. Later he declared, in
Trunibull's hearing, tliat he would procure English clotli to be
prohibited in Liege and Spain as well, in a few months' time
(p. 361).

Edmondes in Paris wondered tliat this threat was not taken
more seriously in England and tliought it was due to a habit
of never trying to prevent a mischief until it had actually
befallen (p. 128). Salisbury was not unduly perturbed. He
thought that the archduke would have to consider two points
if he really intended to take such action (1) whether they could
establish tlieir trade and exclude English cloth without infringing
the treaty, and (2) whetlier they could furnish sufficient cloth
of their own and enough wool to make it witliout an underhand
supply of English wool. If he rc-lied on the latter, care would
be taken to frustrate him. In the mean time the treasurer
advised Trumbull to make use of both friends and money,
that the cure might follow more speedily and soundly (p. 199).
The archduke found indeed that there were difficulties in
the way which he liad not anticipated. Spanish wool cost
more than Englisli by a third or fourth, and English wool might
be difficult to get if their cloth was shut out. In England food
was good and cheap and workmanship less costly, whereas
in Flanders articles of consumption were hca\ly taxed in order
to meet the expenses of government (p. 230). It was, in fact,
found impracticable to decree an absolute prohibition for the
time being. In order to limit the import as much as possible
it was decided to prohibit the sale of English coloured elotli
absolutely and to try and force English tradei's to bring in
their cloth by the river Scheldc (p. 260). At the same time
great efforts were made to promote the native industry, work-
men being brought from Liege to make mingled coloured cloth,
as an experiment. Salisbury's determination to prex'cnt tlie
clandestine export of English wool did not stop the conveyance
of a considerable (juantity which was smviggled across from
the Thames and the Cinque Ports by way of Zeeland t)r else
by Boulogne, Calais and Dunkirk. The archduke, for his part
took steps to see that his orders were obeyed. Hut this caused
a stir among the people, who complained that their privileges
were being violated and who tlireatened to refuse the sufjplics
for which he was asking, if he would not permit English elotli
to be sold in their country. The elfect of exclusion had already
made itself felt by a rise of 12 per cent, in the cost of their own
coarse cloth (p. 426).

The English merchants concerned were not greatly alarmed
by the move. When the matter came before the Council,
they desired the lords not to be too solicitous in the business
but to attend the further event. They thouglit it probable
that the archduke's attempt would cool of itself or that they
could right themselves in another way. Towards tlie end of

xxm

the year Nortliampton and some others were appointed to deal
with the matter, but the merehants still made no great account
of it. They felt confident that they would make the archduke
weary of that course and ready to set it open again (p. 4t7).
There was a project among some of them to stage a test case,
for which Trumbull's assistance was enlisted, but the result
of this is not recorded here.

A more serious reason for tlie decline in tlie cloth trade was
the deterioration \n the (i[uality of the goods. According to
Trumbull the baizes, which used to sell in great (piantities in
the Low Countries, had banislied themselves through false and
corrupt making, the whole trade being engrossed by the Tviegois.
Much tlie same thing had happened with tlie perpetuanan,
which had once been in great request and worn by all the lords
and gentry of the land. They were now generally decried for
the falseness of their colours and tlie deceitfulness of their
fabrics (p. 280). The merchants tliemselves recognised this
and the archduke's action seemed likely to do good by forcing
them to reform their ways.

In spite of James's detestation of piracy and his elforts to
put it down the pirates continued to flourish. In the summer
of 1611 it was decided to send a fleet against them. Strange
to say this was opposed b\- the mercliants, wlio were reluctant
to contribute to the cost. In consequence of this the idea of a
fleet was given u}) and it was decided to olTer a pardon if the
pirates would surrender 4.0,OOOZ. which they had recently
taken (p. 109). The pardon, for their lives only, was refused
by the pirates, but at the end of tlie year Capt. Roger Middelton,
who was sent out to seek them, found them o)T the Barbary
coast, and his offer of the king's jiardon ^vas accepted (p. 190).
The idea of a fleet being given up, the king left such action to
tlie Dutch, who had fitted out a squadron for the purpose.
He went so far as to give tliem lea\'e to attack the pirates in
his own ports, with this reser\'ation that any goods recovered
must be handed over to the king's olhcers at the ports for the
benefit of their original owners (p. 119). Although the Dutch
fitted out 18 ships ostensibly to go against the pirates, Throck-
morton learned that the admiral really had instructions to
exact reparation from the Spaniards for injury done to Dutch
ships in the East Indies (p. 131). One enterprising merchant.
Alderman Sir Stephen Soame, aggrieved by the losses he had
sustained, armed a ship of his own. This had the good fortune
to catch a straggler. ,V11 who escaped death in battle were
hanged at Wapping, the king remaining inexorable, although
the queen jileaded for one (p. 169).

In view of the numerous difficulties under which the nierchants
laboured it is hardly surprising to learn that in May 1612 five
considerable ones failed (p. 307). In June 1611 John More
mentions a project for a general commerce. He gives no
tiarticulars. He did not think it would come to anvthing.

XXIV

X.

During the whole of these two years Trumbull stuck closely
to his post. A friend, Thomas Floud, remonstrated with him
for his ceaseless diligence. I was glad," he wrote, " to read
in your letter some passages of recreation, for your over care
and over travelling your weak body dotli much grieve your
friends. T know your inclination and education to savour
nothing but diligence and watchfulness ; l)ut do not wrong
your health out of an honest and industrious mind, for we all
know how free it is from ambition " (p. 193). An intimacy
with I.ionel Wake, who lived at Antwerp, probably helped to
relieve the strain. In October 1611 Trumbull offered Wake
the use of his house, and in the following year Wake seems to
have stayed with Trumbull at Brussels for nearly two months,
from September to No\ember. TnnnbuU was evidently with
his friend at Antwerp soon after this and he pi-omised to cele-
brate the Christmas festivities there (p. 437).

Trimibull still remained merely a charge d'affaires with a
somewhat uncertain tenure. At Easter 1611 Samuel Calvert
wished that he were secretary to the Merchant Adventurers
in liondon, where he might be free to enjoy himself and his
friends, rather than live ever in doubt and distrust (p. 44). The
uncertainty no doubt tended to make Trumbull restless. In a
letter of September 1612 Beaulieu refers to a dream which
Trumbull had no doulrt described to him, whether a night or a
day dream remains imtold. He says : "If by any means tliat
unexpected happiness could be expected from you, I conjure
you for myself and for all your good friends here v. ho have longed
these three years for your company, to lose no opportunity
for it (p. 368). Apparently Trumbull would have welcomed a
recall. In forwarding a letter \n October 1611 Kirkham wrote
" I coidd wish it were for your rc\'ocation, but of that I can yet
give you but little hope."

It was supposed that the selection by the archdukes of
Boischot as ambassador, by removing the difficulty ai)out
punctilio, would lead to the appointment of an ambassador to
go to Brussels. More reported that two suitors were after the
place. Sir George Calvert, Sir Thomas Overbury. Sir Henry
Wotton, Sir Edwin Sandys and Sir Dudley Digges are all
mentioned at different times as likely candidates for the post.
But weeks and months passed and no nomination was made.
The choice of Boischot was an unfortunate one. Edmondes
who knew the circumstances as well as any man, declared that
if the election had not been goveriied more by necessity than by
good consideration, a person so much decried would not have
been chosen (p. 12). As if aware that he would be unwelcome,
Boischot was in no hurry to appear. Although his appointment
had been announced at the begimiing of the year, he did not

XXV

arrixc in England until September and even then it was some
time before he visited or spoke witli the lord treasurer (]). 187).

Trumbull, in the mean time, was gi\ing great satisfaction,
and the talk of a successor gradually faded away. The death
of Salisbury made it even less likely that he would be disturbed.
" I cannot hear," he was told, " of so much as a thought of an
ambassador to relieve you " (p. 315). If he had lost a patron
he had no lack of well wisiiers. After his flying visit to England,
Winwood assured him " I pray you believe that in England 1
did you right with those who have the greatest power to take
notice and requite your services. When I have means to do
you any good office, no man shall be more forward, because no
man doth better know your merit " (p. 343). Similarly Over-
bury wrote that he had done liis best offices for him with
Rochester, who had done the like with the king, and he hoped
that Trumbidl would find good el'fects of it in due time (p. 369).
Albery concluded that he needed no intercessor more than his
letters.

Trumbull's diplomatic activities arc recorded in his
despatches, of which the majority are to be found in the series
State Paj)ers, Flanders at the Public Record Office. But there
are twenty in this volume which are not to be foimd in that
collection. Of these eleven were for Salisbury, four for the Icing,
after he had taken over the secretaryship, and one each to
Prince Henry, the duke of Wurtemberg, the Landgrave of Hesse,
the archbishop of Canterbury and the Lords of the Council.

Trumbull was indefatigable in the collection of news and the
sources of his information are, to a large extent, to be found
Iiere. Among the correspondence there is a letter from one
wlio claimed to be able to disclose the most secret intelligence,
but he intimated that without a plcjitifid supply of money he
would not l)e able to do nuieh (p. 375).

Among the subjects contained in the additional letters of
Trumbull printed here, there are partieidars of William Seymour,
whose escape from England after his marriage with the Lady
Arabella caused a surprising commotion. TrimibuU received
instructions to go and see the archduke to try and prevent the
fugitive from being received in his dominions. Besides fulfilling
this duty Trumbull went himself to interview the young man,
remonstrating with him about his behaviour and asking him
about his plans. Seymour did not stay long in the archduke's
dominions. He travelled witii two other young gentlemen
and a third of about forty, who served as interpreter and guide.
They gave themselves out to be merchants, but their appearance
and behaviour showed that they were other than what they
pretended to be. Seymour is described as a very stout and
solemn person, with a fair beard, wearing a doublet of grey
English fustian with a plain silver hem (p. 213).

XXVI

Tnim))ull had been joined by liis wife iu the uutunin of KilO
and in the following year she bore liiin a son. He hoped that
Edmondes wonld consent to be godfather to the boy, but when
the subject was loroached to liim by Beaulieu he made no
response (p. 124). Trumbuirs eldest boy, William, had re-
mained behind at Town Mailing in Kent, in eluxrge of one
Christopher Wragge. But in the spring of 1612 Trumbull
decided to have him brought o\er and to send iiim to the college
at Sedan. He came to London on 28 May and crossed with de
Qucster soon after. Tlie boy seems to have spent some time
witli (Tcorge Russel at Louvain, whose wife made nnich of him.
He did not get to Sedan until September, where he was placed
with a M. Blanckes. Young William's reports are very i'a\ our-
able on the whole (pp. 295-6, 116) though perhaps not more so
than is usual when tutors are writing to influential parents.

The following miscellaneous items are wortliy of notice :
the mission of Marshal Lavardin to England was delayed
because the (Jeorge of Henri IV could not be found (p. 8).
C'arleton noted with astonishment the licence and disorders
that occiUTcd in a commonwealth so famous for government
and justice as Venice (pp. 14, 117). The new coinage issued in
Flanders in the svmnner of 1612 was so debased that pieces of
12 stivers were not worth more than 10 in pure silver (p. 305).
New copper farthings were to be coined in England in the same
year. 21 shillings' worth could be bought for 20 shillings, the
purchaser being bound to make payment in silver at any time
to any one who brought 51. worth of them (p. 412). There are
some fresh particidars of the rather remarkalilc mission of
Theodore Rodenburg to Spain (pp. 67, 161). Among the famous
persons who passed away was Antonio Perez, who died at Paris
at the end of 1611, having spent his last five or six years like a
dead man in the oblivion of the world (p. 188). Christian IV
of Denmark showed little care for the subjects of his brother in
law who were in his service. Most of them were slain, at least
those of (juality, having been put upon desperate attempts
(p. 344).

Several references bear witness to the superstitions of the
times. At Prague two of the emperor's servants were arrested,
one a converted Jew, a professor of cabalistic, the other of
magic, for intended mischief to Matthias (p. 57). At Paris a
soldier was apprehended with a ring, given him by a religious
which, he said, inspired him with a desire to kill the king.
Some charms were found under the stone (p. 69). Later on an
alleged design to win the queen's love by- magic led to the arrest
there of a Spanisli monk, an Italian, a native of Dauphine and
an adventurer named Moisset (p. 368). At Madrid the Manjuis
Cameraca, captain of the guard, was imprisoned for attempting
to bewitch the king (p. 246). Two witches were bunted there
in July 1611 (p. 110). In England the change of the moon and

XXVll

the eclipse of the sun were considered dangerous to the earl of
Rutland, who had had a paralytic stroke a fortnight hefore :
and the same celestial influences were supposed to threaten
Salisbm-y as well (p. 207). In England also a man named Paton
was found in possession of a l)ook containing divers charms in
Italian, Latin and some gibberish. Among them was one that
no weapon should hui-t a man ; another how to shoot a gun
so that it shoidd not miss, and a third, how to win a woman's
chastity (pp. 387-8). It is strange to read that a heretic was
to be burned near Oxford for denying the Triiiity (p. 180).

A letter of Throckmorton mentions a consignment of trees
and plants sent by Trumbull for the lord treasurer (p. 182) and
a year later Trumbull seems to liave sent across some trees
for the countess of Arundel (p. 304). The Spanish ambassador,
who inquired about the quantity of tobacco broiight to England
yearly from the Jndies, was told that it was valued at
20(),0'00 crowns (p. 282). On the return of Hudson's ill-fated
expedition, it was at first believed that the North West
passage had been discovered. The leading seamen of the
country, after examining the joiuvnal of the s'oyage reported
on the Hxehange to this elTect (p. 179). The making of pipes
and gutters of clay burnt hard like bricks is mentioned here
as a new invention (p. 223).

Two items, entirely unconnected, to conclude. Trumbull's
cousin Salmon mentions a sickness, rife in No\'ember, 1012.
It was called a new disease. Many died of it and few houses
escaped (p. 107). Writing of the new order of baronets More
says : " Their number is limited to 200 and their contribution
to 1,100/. I thought this new dignity would not be so much
affected at so dear a rate, but now I find the power of ambitious
wives passes my understanding " (p. 85).

I am indebted to Mr. A. C. Wood, of the Public Record Office
for transcribing the (ierman text of the ten papers printed at
pages 18, 37-8, 60, l-l-O, 1-H, 114, 146, and 152. The writing
is difficult and the German peculiar. A French version of the
last six of these papers had been prepared for Trinnbull and is
also in the collection. The translation is by no means free from
error and more than once it would seem that tlie translator has
been completely beaten and has abandoned the task as beyond
him.

The duke of Neuburg's son, who was in P'^ngland in Se})tember
1600 was not Wolfgang William, the eldest, as recorded in the
index of the preceding volume, but a younger Ijrother. Mr.
Roger, in the same vohime, should be Boyer to be identified as
Robert Bowyer, clerk to the parliament of 1609-10. I am
indebted to a reviewer in the Times Literarij Supplement for
this correction.

London, May 1938.

xxvni

CORRIGENDA.

Page 13 line 35 after scarce insert know.
20 ,, 25 after might insert be.

52 ,, 2Q for on condition read under certain conditions.

53 note line 2 for Cepio read C'aepio.

132 line 5 from bottom after Princes delete and.

170 „ 6 from bottom /or Oct. 19 read Oct. 2fl.

188 lines 20, 21, for provided . . Huguenots read seeing
that the}' do not yet cease to persecute the
Huguenots, rich and poor alike.

193 line 38 ./bf be sent read he sent.

210 „ 9 for Misc. read Min. i.

230 ,, 32 /or provost reaci Prevost.

289 lines 32, 33 for and will . . promised, read that it
will not treat with them because of a pj-omise.

290 line 7 for salve for read salute.
347 „ 22 for Misc. read Min.
352 „ 12 for Aug. 27 read Aug. 22.
385 „ 36 for Oct. 28 read Oct. 29.

MANUSCRIPTS

OF THE

MARQUESS or DOWNSHIRE

PRESERVED AT

EASTHAMPSTEAD PAEK, BERKSHIEE.

VOL. III.

PAPERS OF WILLIAM TRUMBULL THE ELDER

(continued).

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

[1611] [endorsement], Jan. 11. n.s. The Hague. — [Printed
in Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 250.]

2i pp. XL VII, I.

A Short Account of the Masque made by the
Prince of Wales.*

1611, Jan. 11. — The new hall of the palace was furnished
as usual with its galleries round about, a green carpet on the
floor, a dais at the top for the king and queen. At the bottom
a very large curtain painted with the kingdoms of England,
Scotland and Ireland, with the legend above Separata locis
concordi pace figantur. When their Majesties entered accom-
panied by the princess and the ambassadors of Spain and
Venice, flageolets played and the curtain was drawn discovering
a great rock with the moon showing above through an aperture,
so that its progress through the night could be observed. Old
Silenus mounted on this with some dozen satyrs and
fauns who had much to say about the coming of a great prince
to be followed by a thousand benefits, in the hope of which the
fauns danced about joyfully, exciting great laughter. They
then danced a ballet, with appropriate music with a thousand
strange gestures, affording great pleasure. This done the rock
opened discovering a great throne with countless lights and
colours all shifting, a lovely thing to see. In the midst stood
the prince with thirteen other gentlemen chosen as famous
dancers of the Court. Before passing into the hall ten musicians

* Performed on 1/H .Tanuary. The masque was " Oberon or the Fairy Prince,"
by Ben Jonson. Birch : Life of Henry, Prince of Wales, p. 224. Jonson : Worlts
ed. Cunningham, vol. iii, pp. 72-7.

Wt. 1216. Down III — 1

appeared each with a lute and two boys who sang very well
some sonnets in praise of the prince and his father. Then ten
little pages dressed in green and silver with flat bonnets a
I'antique danced another ballet with much grace. During this
a cock crew ten times, standing on the rock, and then, according
to the prophecy of Silenus, there came the gentlemen in short
scarlet hose and white brodequins full of silver spangles coming
half way to the calf, some wearing jackets with wide folds, as
the Roman emperors are represented and the sleeves the same,
all in gold and silver cloth, white and scarlet feathers on their
heads and very high white plumes, and black masks. Each
one wore a very rich blue band across the body, except that of
the prince, whose band was scarlet to distinguish him from the
rest. They entered dancing two ballets intermingled with
varied figures and many leaps, extremely well done by most
of them. The prince then took the queen to dance, the earl
of Southampton the princess, and each of the rest his lady.
They danced an English dance resembling a pavane. When
the queen returned to her place the prince took her for a coranta
which was continued by others and then the gallarda began,
which was something to see and admire. The prince took the
queen a third time for los br antes de Poitou* followed by eleven
others of the masque. As it was about midnight and the king
somewhat tired he sent word that they should make an end.
So the masqueraders danced the ballet of the sortie, in which the
satyrs and fauns joined. With vocal and instrumental music
the masqueraders approached the throne to make their reverence
to their Majesties. The masques being laid aside, the king
and queen with the ladies and gentlemen of the masque pro-
ceeded to the banqueting hall, going out after they had looked
about and taken a turn round the table ; and in a moment
everything was thrown down with furious haste, according to
the strange custom of the country. After this their Majesties
withdrew and the ambassadors took leave.

It is thus observed that the Spaniardf ate with the king in
public and received great honour from his Majesty, conversing
on various topics, among others on the beauty of his sister and
daughter-in-law and how highly the queen had spoken of them.
The ambassador's health was then drunk and he responded
in complimentary terms.

2^ pp. Spanish. Misc. xiv, 1.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 3. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 247.]
2^ pp. IV, 117.

* Espece de danse a plusieups personnes qui se tiennent par la main et qui se
menent tovu- a tour Fun apres I'autre. Diet, de VAcad. Prancais sub voce bransle.
t Don Alonso de Velasco, the Spanish ambassador.

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 13. Dusseldorf. — We hear this week of the
intimation to the Ruvestein officers of the grant of investiture,
which, we beheve, was only done after consultation with the
oracle of Spain. At any rate your princes have no excuse for
having contravened our neutrality and the parole they gave
a year ago to M. de Lutzerad, who was sent by these princes
to obtain this investiture, i.e. that nothing should be done
to their prejudice, since this intimation does not contain the
usual clause salvo jure tertii, at least not our copy. These
princes have held their Estates in Juliers and Berg and found
them better disposed than expected, in the matter of contri-
butions and the entertainment of troops, which was left as you
will see by the Latin extract, which my secretary has translated
as best he could. I ask you to pass it on to M. de Beaulieu as
the best part of my letters ; in this way you will relieve my
eyes, which can do no more at present. For the same reason
I shall write now to you, now to M. Berruyer, and you will do
the same, writing to Messrs. Dickenson and Markham, to let
me know anything particular. One thing more I ask, that
you will not make your letters the cover of the packets. I
value them too highly to tear them before reading. This is
because of the Spanish wax, which is often on the writing.

I thank you for the counter arret of our Council. I read it
with regret to see the scant intelligence between the Council
and parliament but we must get what good we can out of our
weakness. The first arret anyhow will have its good effects
in due course.

I have yours of the 3rd. The enclosed is for my wife.

1 p. French, xxvii, 33.

John More to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Jan. 3. London. — I have yours of Nov. 5. The
proclamation to dissolve Parliament was signed on Monday,
and is in press. The Lower House belike was too busy with
H.M.'s prerogative and too cold in advancing the expected
contribution without that harsh-sounding reciprocal retri-
bution. The king's coffers are very empty. I see no means
of replenishing you, though I presume that those that are
a secretis see the way to supply H.M.'s expenses, or Parliament
would not have been dissolved. Not long since a letter was
written to my L. Haddington in nature of a " Pasquil " taxing
the nobility to be rather the cause of the present wants
than the Scots who had but small sums in regard of the others.
We have a rumour that the Lo. Cranborn was desperately
sick at Padua, or even dead, but he is better and like to be
here with his young lady before the time limited at his
departure.

I have a debenture for your half-year's fee due at Michaelmas

4

last, but have not received the money, being unable to find
means to acquit you of the subsidy.

From the Hague I hear that Barneveld's quartan continueth.
The poor Count of Emden still attends the States' resolution.

The Sweden ambassadors* have this answer that the States
will follow, not go before the Kings of France and England in
making a league with them. We are not disposed to support
the ruinous estates of vanquished Princes.

How strangely the P. Princes live in Cleves, seldom coming
together, for the difference of precedency, in regard of Nuborg's
imaginary administration. How the D. of Bouillon negotiates
in the Palatinate you know from better hands.

2 pp. XXXII, 6.

Hen. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 14. Cologne. — I now have yours of the 3rd with
letter for Hotman. I want to know what Dr. Fuxius is doing
with your Archduke, and if he solicits anything more than the
investiture of Ravestein. It is sad how Saxony, whence the
truth of the Gospel spread over Germany jam patiatur tarn
grandem Eclypsum. There is now no religion in the world. I
hear from Strasburg that de Creange and all his captains are
at Rupach in Alsace, treating with those of Ensisheim for the
pay of their men. I am told that Colonel Lutzelborg's regiment
runs to 25,000 philip dalers a month. The Ensisheim folk
would be glad to deduct the cost of the munitions supplied,
but there are difficulties over this abatement. There is also
the fear that these Leopoldians will venture to make their
balls at Basel where there is rich booty to be had in gold and
silver, money and plate. It is not forgotten that Antwerp
was sacked by 5,000 men in November, 1576.

Savoy has 16,000 horse and foot in Piedmont, and Spain
in the Milanese 25,000. No one knows where the storm will
break. Common report says that the duke means to recover
what he claims from Berne and to force Geneva to help him.

At Friburg in Brisgau has been printed a book Examen
epistolae monitoriae Magnae Britanniae Regis by Leopardus
Coqueus Aurelius Eremita Augustiano.l" A reader tells me
that he makes things hot for the king, your master, and that
it is elegantly written.

I would know the name of your predecessor at Brussels, and
whether you know the Tozer family.

3 pp. French. Seal, viii, 60.

* Gustavus Ericksen Sternborch, baron de Orenstein ; Olaus Stralen ; Jean
Schutsen and Jacob de Dijck, Meteren : Hist, des Pays Bas, f. 712.

t Tlie full title is : Examen praefationis monitoriae Jacobi I Mag. Brit, et Hib.
regis praemissae apologiae suae pro juramento fidelitatis ... in quo examine
refellitur et Apologia ipsa regis et summi Pontificis brevia ad Catholicos Anglos
defenduntur.- Printed at Freiburg in Breisgau, 1610,

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 15 [n.s.]. The Hague.— {See Vol. ii of this
Report, page 213.)

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 16. Dusseldorp. — This is mainly to accompany
the present made to you by M. de Plessen, the worthy
ambassador of the Palatine with these PP. and who has been
my chief consolation here these 18 months. I think I shall
have to change style especially as Mr. Markham is going a long
journey with M. le Palatin so I beg you to let me still have
the benefit of your letters. None the less Mr. Dickenson and
I live on good terms though I am sometimes afraid of
diverting him from his studies.

The Passau troops have entered Tyrol, without being paid.
Those of Alsace are not disbanding, although paid for the most
part. Another assembly is to be held at Dresden. The bishops
of Bamberg and Wirtzbourg are keeping their troops whom they
were going to dismiss, and King Matthias has sent his
ambassadors to Nuremberg and on to Berlin because of his
distrust at all this and of the Milanese troops.

Your investiture of Ravestein, granted with the knowledge
of Spain, gives us also something to think about and so does
the passage so instantly demanded by Ruscheberg. The great
disturbances in Germany have some fresh joy which they do
not yet tell out loud. I do not know if they have a promise
from the king of Spain or if they have been given to understand
that our queen is tired of German affairs. Up to now I find
by my letters that our Council is very sensible, it is only the
frequent escapades of M. le Prince that make me uneasy. I
have seen nothing of M. de Beaulieu since the 8th November.

Our PP. are still at Essen. From there our Palatine is to
confer with M. le landgrave Maurice. Some are sceptical
about Larache, but not I.

1 p. French, xxvii, 35.

M. DE Plessen to M. de Villiers Hotman.

[1611, Jan. 16]. — I beg you to let M. Trumbull have the
attached copy of the " Deduction de 1' Administration," and
to tell him, in due course, that there is a gentleman of the
Elector Palatine here who, though he does not know him, esteems
him for his character and prudence. He also thinks it seemly
that Mr. T., with his position at Brussels, should be acquainted
with the fundamentals of the Palatine's disposition. If the fine
weather lasts until after dinner we shall make a turn of the
ramparts.

J sheet, xxvii, 34.

6

From Strasburg.

1611, Jan. 16. — I sent you word before that it was
considered certain that the Nederlandishe Reiter would
begin their retreat last week. Now they write me that
there is no money to pay them and that the horse and foot
of M. de Chrehange will not get their money in a hurry. I
have further news from Saltzburg of the 3rd inst. that the
Leopoldians have their pay and do not yet budge. It is feared
there may be some knavery in the matter, although the floods
are offered as an excuse. The common report is that they
have heard that Saxony means to make use of them and that
orders have been given to retain them a month longer in this
country. This is certain that M. de Chrehange is on the point
of passing to the other world ; the swelling has spread upwards
and now extends to above his waist.

J p. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 177.

Colonel Laurence de la Ramee to the
Count Altheim.

The decision of the marshal and the rest of us is to employ
you. You may count on this and forthwith make a levy of
5 companies of horse. If the marshal, who is going to Prague
in 4 or 5 days, cannot give us a colonel's commission, he will
see that the troops are joined to his own and that you are
lieut. colonel of them. I pledge my word that you shall not
be the loser and if it all comes to nothing we will get you a good
adjuto de casta. Upon this you can be content to set out with
your troops. The best way is to go straight to the Tyrol whither
I am marching with the emperor's army and by his Majesty's
command. Oblige me by forming 2 or 3 companies of foot,
to whom you will give my writing and the command which I
have to raise troops. The instant you have made your decision,
send me your quarter master and I will arrange the quarters
as well as for the other regiments of the army. The marshal
will send you despatches from Prague. I have no doubt your
envoy will tell you the rest.

On the same sheet as the preceding. J p. Copy. French.
Misc. Ill, 177.

[De Villiers] H[otman] to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 18. Diisseldorp. — You will share what I write
to Berruyer, which is not much, for we have nothing from
Germany since my last of the 15th. I think Markham writes
to you of his journey with these PP. to Essen and how the
Palatine did not find the Landgrave what he hoped. After
this assembly of the Etats particuliers the Deputies of all the
provinces come here for a definite settlement and to give these
PP. their final decision upon the articles, of which I have sent

you a copy. On Saturday we shall have news of Germany
to give you.

[Postscript]. — Bellarmin's book is printed at Cologne. Your
last was of the 12.

J p. French, xxvii, 85.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1610[~11], Jan. 9. o.s. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of the
1st. The conference here should have begun, but the Princes
were delayed at Essen and by the waters. Each province hath
given such good words that we may hope at least some tolcirable
proportion of consents whereby the countries may be warranted
from sudden invasion. If the cloud of Elsace dissolve itself
on these parts, and the vermin who were in Passau do the like,
we may infer that Austria hath enchanted the Saxon, and
although I suppose not the K. of Spain will really embark
himself, yet Leopold's jollity causeth men to fear that there
is some assurance of underhand help. The Archduke Albert's
investing of that big-bellied Elector is not correspondent to his
former promises of neutrality. The extraordinary favours
heaped on Doctor Fux argue partiality, and tell us he hath
received a new lesson from Spain. God grant the pretext
made for the sending supplies out of Italy into your parts do
not monstri aliquid alere.

My chief comfort is that our King's authority with that of
J ranee and the States, concurring with the industry and careful
spirit of the Landgrave Maurice, and being well employed by
the Pr. of Anhalt, will dash all pernicious designs. True
it is that neither the Princes nor their Principals like the overture
which is to be made, and nor, I think, shall be canvassed at
Berlin, sed e duobus malis. I have seen Bellarmine's book
against Barclaie* and find it fraught with pestiferous doctrine.

1^ pp. XXII, 9.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1610[-11],. Jan. 10. o.s. Madrid.— [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, vol. iii, p. 250.]
2 pp. XXI, 29.

J. Beauliku to William Trumbull.

1610-1, Jan. 10. Paris. — Our great quarrel between the
Princes is now pacified. To prevent such inconveniences here-
after a proclamation has been made to forbid the wearing of
any arms a feu, as they began to do here, riding up and down
the street carrying pistols at the pommel of their saddles, and
to forbid the nobility that have pensions of the king, as most
of them have, to resort to any of the princes but to come all to

* William Barclay. His " De Potestate Papae " published in 1609.

wait about the king. The sum of 300,000 crowns has been
bestowed upon Conde. M. Bisseau leaves for England to-
morrow, to remain as ambassador. The reason the Marshal
Laverdin stayed here so long was because the George or some
other piece which he was to carry back to England could not
be found. I think it is lost. . . .
1 p. IV, 75.

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 20. C[ologne]. — Those of the Grisons have
refused passage to the Milanese, but fear an advance into the
Valtelline which they are preparing to thwart. The long stay
of the Leopoldiens in Alsace, on pretence of being unpaid,
suggests that they have an understanding with the Italian
army to attack the Protestant towns and Princes. Spinola
is said to have sworn to the Duke of Savoy to use every effort
to take Geneva. The Piedmont and Milan troops increase
daily, but the Spaniards in Savoy do not move. The Genevans
are alarmed.

The Passauers commit great outrages in Austria and threaten
Tyrol.

The Imperial Chamber at Spier accepts the Duke of Deux
Ponts as Administrator. This is to discourage Monsr. de
Neuburg.

1 J pp. French, viii, 9.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1610-11, Jan. 17. Paris. — As your friend I cannot rejoice
at the archduke's decision to send an ambassador into England*
as you may be called away from your employment. But you
have enjoyed it for so long to the advantage of your fortune
and reputation. You may not be leaving so soon, for I think
they will not be over hasty to send an ambassador considering
the small necessity and the little respect they have shown the
king. However it fall out I must find some means to see and
speak with you once more before your departure.

The choice of the Auditor for the ambassage is a sign that he
finds very little to do in his place, since he affects that employ-
ment. His former usage of the nation and his proud carriage
towards my Id. cannot make him hope for any contentment
if he be served as he has deserved, unless he hold them to be of
a great deal better and kindlier nature than he is, or else will
go to make amends for his former misdeeds. From hence you
shall soon have M. de Preaux. M. de Launay returns with him
as his steward.

All things now remain very quiet here. To prevent further
broils the fair of St. Germain has been put off this year, to the

♦ Ferdinand de Boischot, auditor general of the Army. Trumbull to Salisbury
on 2 Jan., 1610/1. S.P. Flanders, Vol. x, (. 1.

great discontentment of the merchants. A proclamation has
been published to purge the town of all loose and wandering
persons. Sully is about to I'esign his place, for which he is
blamed by his friends.

In reply to the French ambassador's complaint against
Bellarmine's book De Potestate Summi Pontificis the pope
retorted that a book entitled Le Theatre de l' Antichrist printed
here was no less criminal against the see of Rome, and refused
to suppress the former before a like course had been taken with
the latter, and the author punished, who is a minister of good
reputation. . . . Rumours of the besieging of Geneva
continue. Laverdin was forced by contrary winds to land at
Portsmouth.

My lord willed me to tell you upon the advertisement of the
pope's excommunicating his Majesty, that though he knoweth
their evil wills to be great he doth not hold their affairs in
Rome to be now in such a state as they dare to do it.

2ipp. IV, 118.

John More to William Trumbull.

1610[-11] [endorsement], Jan. 18. London. — I have many
small businesses to dispatch before my going to Oxford as I
can make no large return for yours of Dec. 26. I enclose the
league between the States and the Barbarians.*

You will have the new instructions from the Court of Wards.
No wardship shall be granted until one month from the
ancestor's decease, and then au plus offrant, regard being had
to the natural guardians as far as may stand without the King's
damage. The disparting of forests in remote parts is like to
bring money to the King with a joint commodity to the
commonwealth. Divers other good devices now broached to
the same purpose will in time replenish the Exchequer, which
for the present yieldeth no payment to you nor any man else.
I find that you have but only six months fee due at Michaelmas
last. If by further enquiry I can discover any error, I will get
your debenture amended.

[Postscript in another hand]. — Our colonies in Ireland and
Virginia begin to promise good success. We hear the Muscovite
is quite conquered, and the K. of Sweden's affairs in very ill
terms, but those remote accidents and the success of business
there come not with us en ligne de compte, because we have
aliquid mains ex sese et mains.

1 p. XXXII, 8.

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 30. Dusseldorp. — In yours of the 17th you refer
me to Dickenson for news, but he is now at Cologne. I have

* Treaty between the United Provinces and Muley Sidan, King o£ Morocco,
signed at the Hague on 24 December, 1810. Dumont : Corps Diplomatique, Vol.
V, pt. ii, p. 156.

10

to thank the ambassador for a favour he has done me at Paris.
You may judge the lack of faith in some and the simphcity of
others in having disarmed so soon. I see that those of this
side are much troubled while Saxony is extremely pressing
and menacing. There are some princes at Hall, common
friends of the two houses, to try to settle the difference about
the Palatinate and others about Saxony at Berlin. The
liandgrave Maurice was expected there but he means to wait
until he thinks he can get some advantage there. I believe
that the Prince of Anhalt is there now. In the end, to avoid
a greater evil, I foresee that they will be compelled to acquiesce
in the advice given by England, to admit Saxony, upon honest
conditions.

The deputies of the States are still here upon the business of
contributions and the entertainment of the troops left in this
country. As for the last year and a half these PP. have
employed the most certain part of their revenues these
Provinces tried to convince themselves that the PP. were
obliged to maintain them out of their own purse and patrimony,
which is contrary to all example and to all reason.

1 p. French, xxvii, 37.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1610-11, Jan. 31. Antwerp. — Yours of 30th and your
former by Mr. Trulove I have received, and for the present
which you now send to Sir William Browne, they shall be sent
away by the first with your letters.

I am sorry that Bartholomew Lemire has not supplied you
with money as he promised, for he owes me above 300L Flemish
sold in March last and has not paid one penny but that SOOgs.
to you, but seeing he doth not, you shall not want so long as
I have it, and because you wrote me in your former to supply
you, I presently wrote to my compere Colford to pay you
150 fl. for your present wants, which he wrote me he would see
performed, so that if he has not already brought it, demand it,
for he will pay it, and that being spent, we shall supply you
with a new charge. Money is scarce, otherwise I would have
given order to pay you more, but I hope your turn will be served
with that. You did well to give that care in your postscript,
for if I had had so much in the house, I had sent it.

For our Spanish business I hope we shall one day receive
from them more than good words, but meantime we feel the
want of it. If you have any good news by the next or by
extraordinary, send me an express for I would willingly pay
that charge.

The graver at the Mint brought me this little box and said
he must have for cutting it and the stone together lOg*. besides
5gs. of old. Write me what I shall give him, for he doth often
come to me for money.

1^ pp. xlv, 23.

11

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1610-1. Feb. 1. N.s. The Hague. — [See Vol. ii of this
Report, page 224.]

Copy of Letters from Prague.

1611, Jan. 23/Feb. 2. — Portents at Benaky, Brandeis and
Prague, followed by Latin verses Carmen Praga, sent to the
writer by the author.

Latin. 2^ pp. Misc. iii, 83.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Jan. 23. Paris. — Apologises for silence due to
the occurrence of many accidents. " I may say that it hath
been a continual fair-time with me." For want of assistance
to bring information I am forced to be perpetually in campagne,
my time being taken up by making visits or entertaining those
which come to me. From their variable dispositions a minister
here must be attentive to their proceedings.

You have understood by Beaulieu's former letters the many
great broils of late between the great men here, but that between
the Count of Soissons and the Duke of Guise was like to breed
a great combustion, and although that quarrel be appeased,
it is with no better terms of friendship than before, and subject
to break out again upon least provocation. It was thought
that those broils would have wrought a change in the resolution
of the Duke of Sully, but his adverse party went forward with
these designs against him, and because he had offered to resign,
took him at his word, and also forced him to yield up the govern-
ment of the Bastille, pretending that it is not fit that he should
have the keeping of the treasure, seeing he quitteth his place.
He receives in recompense 100,000 crowns, and is said to have
a grant of a Marshal's place. The Bastille is bestowed on
de Chateauvieux, Chevalier d' honneur to the Queen. The
Surintendence of Finances is not yet settled, the Queen being
troubled what order to take, for the Princes of the Blood would
assume the chief authority thereof which she cannot permit,
and knows not whom to subrogate for the discharging of that
place.

Parliament here is busy in examining the informations of
the woman that accused the Duke of Espernon and
Mademoiselle du Tillett and the Marquise of Vernneil to have
held intelligence with Ravallac which she still maintaineth.*
Though the principal points of the information may not be
true, she has spoken with such probability concerning other
accidents that judgment is held in suspense.

The Pope's Nuncio has made earnest instance with the Queen
that for the repair of the disgrace done to the Pope's authority

* Madame d'Escoman.

12

by the granting the arrest by the Parhament against Bellarmine's
book, the book of Vignier the Minister entitled the Theatre de
V Antichrist might be publicly condemned, but the deputies
of the Religion objected to this, for the subject of Bellarmine's
book was directly in prejudice of the Royal authority of this
State, and that of Vigner was only maintaining a point of their
doctrine, and thus the Edict would be broken. The deputies
expect that nothing will be done against them. Two Flemings
are apprehended here, said to have come from Brussels with
an enterprise against the King and Queen, but I doubt it.

1 concur with your judgment that the employing of the
Auditor General into England hath grown from his own suit
to procure himself the place of a Privy Counsellor, for that if
otherwise, the election had not been governed more by necessity
than by good consideration, a person so much decried would
not have been chosen, but though they resolve to send the
Auditor General ere long, from us no Ambr. will be sent
this twelvemonth unless unexpected accidents fall out. I
cannot believe that they have any such desperate sottish
resolution at Rome, as you write of, to proceed to the excom-
municating of his Ma*y- They are the accustomed boastings
and menacings of our viperous countrymen, that speak as they
wish that all the world were in combustion. Sir Dudley
Carleton will be willing to correspond with you, and when you
write to him about the business of Lemens you will find that I
have recommended the same to him at the desire of his ffiends.

3 pp. XXIV, 91.

J. Beaulieu to Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 24. Paris. — Acknowledges letter of the 11th inst.
Concerning Sully's resignation and the charges made by the
woman against Epernon and others. Madam Hotman being
named by her for her familiar acquaintance with the Marquise
de Verneuil was sent for and examined by the Commissioners
last Sunday. Rumours of the siege and taking of Geneva.
This is vanished in smoke, but there are 6 or 7,000 of the Duke
of Savoy's men near the town.

" Mr. Toby Matthew hath been here this fortnight, being
come out of Spain with ... a double indisposition, . . .
stronger in his perversion and professing of Popery than ever,
and . . . troubled with a loosenesss which has brought him
so low that at first we could scarce know him." We are
expecting Sir Henry Wotton here on his return to England.

2 pp. IV, 119.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Feb. 3. Cologne. — I have yours of Jan. 24. Please
tell Ambassador Edmondes that I wish to know if any of the
Tozer family married his sister. A man in the service of the

13

States is making love to a noble girl, a relative of mine, and
boasts that his brother married Edmondes' sister. The Passau
army is pillaging round Freystad in Austria. They are worse
than the Turks. The King of Hungary protests in vain. They
should not have disarmed entirely, for now that this canaille
is ravaging every where, they might easily attack the Upper
Palatinate and Marquisate of Anspach. The King is beating
the drum throughout Austria, and the Bishop of Salzburg
sends him 4,000 musketeers to join Dampier who has 500 horse.
Germany is in great danger of a serious civil war. The
Protestants are divided, some being led by the nose bj? the
Romans and Spaniards, others by their private ambitions.
Omne enim regnum in se diuisum desolabitur. The Princes who
have been treating at Berlin have gone to Dresden with the
conditions agreed by Brandenbm-g for the admission of Saxony.
If he accepts much mischief will be prevented.

The deputies of the Provinces are still at Dusseldorp. The
Princes ask them to maintain 3,000 foot and 600 horse for three
years. They agree to 2,000 foot and 600 horse till October
next.

2 pp. French, viii, 63.

Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Jan. 25. [London]. — Laverdin is arrived from
France not in so good a state as was reported though he was
privileged by mourning. The King and State use him well.
There is a poor form in all our general proceedings. Our
business in Ireland would go excellently forward, if wise men
had [it] in handling, but oiu* citizens are fearful and jealous.
They suspect their bargain, though it be known to be a worthy
one. Many would take the Plantation from them, if they
would quit it, yet for honour and credit sake, they dare not.
The next spring will show a perfect success ; either the
Londoners shall not have it (and so I lose my profit), or else
some private men, in companies or otherwise, will carry it
away, and so c' est f aid de moy, for I scarce how to live without
that employment."

Kinloss* is dead. Sir Ed. Phillips succeeds him in the Rolls,
and was carried to Westminster with above 50 foot cloths.
Barons' sons and knights of quality.

Our Parliament is dissolved and Privy Seals resolved of.
God send us better times for we are inclining to worse and
worse.

[Postscript]. — The note of the beer is sent you. It comes to 4Z.
Mr. Dickenson is employed at Cleves. He is allowed 20*. per
diem, or as much as other Agents now have abroad.

Holograph. Seal. 1 p. xiv, 33.

* Edward Bruce, baroa Bruce of Kinloss, Master of the Bolls,

14

Sir Dudley Carleton to [William Trumbull].

1610, Jan. 25. o.s. Venice. — I have yours of Dec. 29 and
Jan. 4. My house has been full of company, my L.
of Cranborne with his train being with me to see the carnival
and to recruit after his long sickness at Padua. In ten days
he will set out for England through Germany, and afterwards
by Brussels or Holland. The motions of this state are very
regular ; only the carnival gives some entertainment and that
a poor one. Yet with few exceptions men and women disguise
themselves and range about the streets . . . without any
other motion or action. Some disorders have fallen out of late.
One Ludovico Lusper was assailed, as he went disguised, by
his own bravos and left for dead in the streets. Two merchants
leading a courtesan were set upon by a bastard of Basadonos
and both slain. It is to me most miraculous that in a common-
wealth so famous for government and justice, this licence should
be continued.

The Constable of Castile lets loose the reins at Milan which
were strongly held in by Fuentes, and in other things takes a
course contrary to his predecessor. He hath licensed the armed
strangers in that State, but increased his number of Spaniards,
in which respect the D. of Savoy keeps his troops, though
some suspect that he serves himself of this pretence to enter-
prise in the spring upon Geneva. He is sending an Ambassador,
the Count de Cartignan, to France to assist Monsr. Jacob in
the matter of marriage, and he is after to go to England to give
his Ma*y- an account of the Duke's proceeding with Spain.
Sir H. Wotton had extraordinary good usage in his passage
by Turin, which makes greater matters to be talked of upon
occasion of this ambr. going to England. Here is a bruit of hard
proceeding against Papists in England and execution of some
as if it were simply for religion without mixture of other crimes,
which though in general I may boldly deny, yet I would under-
stand the particulars to give some satisfaction who are passion-
ately transported with the rumour. Letters come slow out of
England and I marvel at the expedition of yours which came
from Brussels in 12 days. Mr. Chamberlain thanks you for
your letter.

S^pp. XVI, 32.

[De Villiers] H[otman] to William Trumbull.

1611, Feb. 7. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of Jan. 25 and the
enclosure. The States of these provinces are still here, and
will not agree to the contribution demanded for the mainten-
ance of 3,000 foot or 600 horse, only offering part thereof
on the ground of the devastation of their country. I have
letters from Berlin of Jan. 27. Anhalt will not leave as long
as he thinks he can help the settlement of the Saxon business,
for which the two mediators — Culembach and the Landgrave

15

of Darmstat have gone to Dresden with the conditions proposed
by Brandenburg on the question of the admittance to possession,
which are indeed necessary, but of which these obstinate
councillors of Saxony, arrogant, mostly pensioners and
confidants of the emperor, may not be convinced. Landgrave
Maurice is also asked to go to Berlin, and I beheve our Palatine
will also go soon, for without him and the consent of these
provinces nothing can well be settled. Hungary, Austria,
Moravia are upset by these Passau troops, who, finding the
passage to Tyrol and Styria closed, have turned back into
Bohemia. So you see the Emperor, who thought by that
means to bridle and alarm his brothers, will be the one to suffer
most, all to please one of his relations who wants to acquire
glory by starting a general blaze and supporting a claim unjust,
not for the actual demand but for his pretext of satisfying his
ambition and private desires. Even his own Gratz brethren
are by no means pleased at his conduct. We shall see the
wonders he will work with his firebrand the Ct. of Zollern.
The trouble may not come our way, unless some of the Alsace
troops return to Luxembourg.
1 p. French, xxvii, 87.

J. Beaulieu to Trumbull.

1611, Jan. 31. Paris. — Changes in the administration
following Sully's resignation. Three of the worthiest judges
of the Parlement will be eclipsed out of it, to the no small
apprehension of all honest men. Sully has refused the offer of
100,000 crowns. I will send you a copy of his letter by the
next post. On Saturday the queen in Council decided to send
M. de Barrault to tell the duke of Savoy that if he undertakes
anything against Geneva he will have the forces of France
against him. These rumours have roused the spirit of the
Protestants everywhere.

There has been a fresh quarrel at Court, between M. Le Grand
and M. de la Chastigneraye. . . .

The proceeding against the Italian whom my Id. caused to
be imprisoned for his wild speeches* is suspended until the
return of one of the chief witnesses. The answer to the Anticoton
having been approved by four doctors of the Sorbonne, they
were afterwards censured for the approbation by the whole
body of the faculty by reason, it is said, of some places therein
which seem to favour Mariana's book.

Asks for a copy of Bellarmine's book " De Potestate," if
reprinted at CuUen, to be sent to M. de St. Sauveur ; my Id.
would also be pleased to have another copy. . . . Expecting
Wotton for whom my Id. hath prepared a chamber in his house.
For his company, numbering 25, there is an inn taken hard by.

2ipp. IV, 120.

* See Beaulieu to Trumbull on 27 Nov. 1610. Winwood's Memorials, Vol. Ill,
p. 234,

16

John More to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Jan. 31. London. — Since receiving your last of
16th I have been in the country and at my return found yours
of 9th.

Touching your revocation I learn no news, nor of any
nomination of your successor. When the Archdukes'
Ambassador is here and had audience, it will be time enough
to prepare our Ambassador for that place.

My L. Treasurer hath recalled Mr. G. Calvert, and Sir H.
Wotton is daily expected. Sir John Digby doth now receive
of his entertainment 6l. per dierri from Oct. 1 to Dec. 31, and
about Lady Day will be in the West to take ship for Spain.

At the taking of La Rache we take no such alarm as you
imagine. We will then seek to ease ourselves, when we shall
feel in what part we are pinched.

1 cannot yet receive those moneys which my L. Amb"^-
hath long since disbursed in his Ma*y'^ service, whereby you
may conjecture how little hope there is to receive speedy
payment of his or of your advance for diets.

Most men judge that Parliament must shortly be reassembled,
and some that the former shall hold notwithstanding the
Proclamation.

At Baldwin's last examination in the Starchamber one
Ratlief accused him to have told in the Low Countries a little
before the discovery of the Powder Treason that there was a plot
for the relief of English Catholics which Providence itself could
not prevent. But the form of his accusation, some of the cir-
cumstances foregoing the main point, being somewhat to blame,
did so disgrace the accuser that in the matter itself his bare
affirmative would not sufficiently overweigh the Jesuit's negative
who at the accusation carried himself very petulantly, un-
worthily of his gravity and of the greatness of those before
whom he stood. Sir Wm. Ward hath likewise born the Lords
in hand that one Strange, a Jesuit remaining in the Tower,
would then have accused Baldwin of great matters, but Strange
did not make good Sir William's promise.

Since the death of the L. of Kinloss, Master of the Rolls,
whose office Sir Ed. Phillips has, (whereof Sir Julius Caesar
has the reversion) the E. of Dunbar is dead. Whether his
daughter's marriage to my L. Walden shall hold I know not.
Lord Fenton is to be sworn a Privy Councillor.

2 pp. Seal. XXXII, 9.

Articles proposed by the Princes Possessioners in the
Assembly of their Estates.

1611, January [endorsement). — lUustrissimi Principes possi-
dentes optarent quidem ut frequenti hoc suorum statuum
conventu nihil adeo opus esset, et ea molestia supersedere
possent : quoniam vero tractatus Coloniensis absque culpa

17

tamen Principum ruptus est, et praeterea PP. assistentes
consulant et suadeant ut seipsos adjumento fidelium suorum
statuum et subditorum secures reddant, neeessarium fuit, ut
omnia constanter et ordine fierent eos hac vice convocare, et
maxime ipsis gratum esse quod comparuerint.

1. Imprimis vero quoniam ob impedimenta militem dimittere
hucusque non potuerint nee consultum foret, ilium rebus sic
stantibus dimittere ; Imprimis cum opus sit munitas arces,
urbes et transitus praesidiario milite custodire, petunt ut
posthac status de 3™ peditum et 8" equitum alendis eorumque
prefectis, conveniant.

2. Ut de mediis cogitare velint quibus aliqua pecunia
constituatur qua 10 vel 12 praefecti equitum cum ipsorum
oJSiciariis et praefecti duo peditum cum 20 capitaneis alantur,
qui omnes indigenae sint, et in casum hostilis tumultus
parati esse, et designate loco cum suis comparere teneantur, ita
ut semper ex vasallis et subditis ad minimum 1000 equites et
4 aut 5000 peditum certi esse, et PP. lis una cum lectis militibus
qui supradicto modo alendi uti possint.

3. Ut de continua aliqua contributione ad comparandum
numerum tormentorum, plombum, pulverem, et instrumenta
alia necessaria, quae in certa arma mentaria disponenda
erunt, rationem ineant.

4. Ut deliberent de coUigendis nummis ad restaurandam
urbem et arcem Juliacensem, munitionem urbium, castrorum,
aliorumque locorum, et inter caetera pro custodienda arce
Dusseldorpiensi contra fluminis vim.

5. Ut concludant de continuanda pecuniae provisione ad
comparanda ligna et praestanda servicia ut vocant, militibus
excubiariis : necnon de ordine annonae et victualium.

Consentiunt praeterea PP. in casum paratae voluntatis
statuum, se velle cam quae ex noviter constitus gabellis
recipitur, pecuniam et in proximis comitiis consensu eorundem
imposita onera, quae ' accisen ' vocant, contribuere.

f p. Misc. Ill, 82.

News from Prague.

1611, Jan. 19. — The Passau troops instead of going straight
to Bohemia, as promised, have turned towards Mattausen and
made themselves masters of the Danube. This will perhaps
make the king of Hungary resolve to deliver himself once for
all from these continual disturbances. The Bohemians continue
to arm, though the emperor has advised them not, as well as
against a diet. We are on the eve of great changes, while you
enjoy the calm of the truce.

1611, Feb. 12. The Passauers have come within 3 leagues
of this town and have so alarmed the Estates assembled here
that they will probably grant most of what is asked of them.
Leopold comes and goes between them. His brothers and

Wt. 1216. Down. Ill — 2

18

cousins, especially King Matthias may not be too pleased at
the prominent part he is taking. The said king is busy with
his levies and expects to take the field himself. The embassy
sent by the Bohemians may possibly delay him.
2 half sheets. French. Misc. iii, 81.

News from Prague.

1611, Feb. 16. N.S.— On Monday the 14th about 8 o'clock
at night the Prague Passau troops approached the Carcheuser
gate at Prague, silent and unseen. There they attacked the
watch and continued to press until nearly day. The noise and
tumult in the whole city were terrible and the people old and
young ran for the little side. In the mean time the Passauers
had blown in the gate and entered by force. Our troopers were
encumbered in the streets and pressed close together. On
their side also 500 of the picked and experienced troopers fell
and La Raniee was shot and they likewise betook themselves
to the little side. Further our soldiers fired on them with heavy
artillery. The Count of Thurn was shot in the foot, and so
were Herr Ulrich and Herr Pithipesky, though not seriously.
The Passauers then made way on to the bridge with some
cornets, beheading and cutting down those whom they took,
worse than the Turks. Although ours offered a stout resistance
yet the knavish deeds of the false rascals who fired on our foot
and horse from the windows of the Saxon house, did more harm
to our men than to the enemy. So ours on the bridge had to
give ground and some of our cornets were driven to the parapet
of the bridge where men and horses were cut down like cattle
and lay naked on the bridge, a dreadful sight to behold. There
was also an encounter with one cornet as far as the new town,
where all were slain so that none of the Passauers escaped.
In the mean time the remaining Passauers made themselves
masters of the little side and did their will there with the
people, plundering everything. This happened through the
treacliery of the Welschen and of our ruler. God best linows
what deeds were done. Ten of our cornets, reiters and infantry
are shut up in the citadel. Herr Pitipeski and some other
gentlemen with their captains are in another place. We know
them well and are assured that they will bear themselves nobly
under honourable leaders of the true Bohemian noble blood.
Leopold and the chancellor have entered. No one knows
what has become of the burggraf. The Emperor is carefully
guarded. Our people have taken the artillery and munitions
from the armoury. They are well provided for defence if only
the popidace move. After the battle the herald rode into the
old town and tried to bring about peace in the name of the
emperor, but the people were too embittered and soon paid
him his scot so that he had to beat a shameful retreat. Soon
the people will pay attention to no one, saying that as the
emperor has not looked after them they will take care of them-

19

selves. They have strongly fortified the bridge so that we
cannot go to them and they cannot come to us.

When all this was over a fresh tumult broke out as the common
people rose and making for the convent of St. Cloban plundered
it, killing all the monks. They went on to the Carlhoff, Our
Lady, St. Anne, the Franciscan convent and stormed six other
convents, killing all the nuns and also took them to St. Jacob.
The subsequent fate of the Carthusians is terrible to describe.
What more is to happen time will show.

3 pp. German. Misc. in, 89.

J. Beaulieu to Trumbull.

1611, Feb. 7. Paris. — Mission of La Noue to Geneva ; but
they do not seem to rely so much upon the specious promises
of France as upon the affection of their surest friends, the
Protestants of this kingdom. But some believe the alarm to
be raised by Savoy himself to hasten the marriage between
Madame and his son. Objects of Barrault's mission to Savoy.
Sully's disgrace ; rise of Ancre.*

Wotton has been here almost a fortnight. He had audience
of the king and queen yesterday. He intended to have gone
by Brussels but will now take the direct way to England. He
greatly extols the Duke of Savoy's courtesy to him . . being
forced to stay many days at Turin, whether he would or no,
at very good cheer, and receiving a fair jewel at his departure.
It is thought the duke hath a purpose (whether in good earnest
or only to serve his own ends) to move a marriage between some
of the king's children and his.

I would be glad of particulars of Diego Lopez' fault and
Goodridge's strange evasion. I am sorry for the first, for
Chandler's sake, but rejoice at the others for the rarity of the
example.

No more confession could be drawn from Baldwin when he
and another of his sect named Strange were confronted with
one Ratcleff of Essex who had known him at Brussels. When
asked what he would do if the pope excommunicated the king
Baldwin answered cunningly that when the pope did this,
though he did not think he would, " those questions would then
be fit to be made and that then he would examine the reasons
which should have moved the pope thereunto." I could learn
no more of Capt. Goltaker's business except that he has as yet
received no money at all. I have set some friends to make
further inquiries.

2^ pp. IV, 121.

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, Feb. 17. Cologne. — The trouble threatened in
Bohemia is due to the Emperor keeping on the Passau force.

* These particulars are contained in Bdmondes' letter to Winwood of the same
date. Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 254,

20

The Bohemians will come to Prague in spite of the Emperor,
and if Mathias comes will take his side. This is the
masterpiece and the fruit of Tengnagel's advice and that of
his master L.

The Leopoldians who have been in Alsace are leaving for
Luxembourg, viz. the Count of Salme with 14 companies of
cavalry, but I hear they are feeble. Baron Anholt, M. de
Fontaine and the lieutenant de Rauschenbourg are still near
Strasbourg, much dissatisfied that only three months' pay is
offered them. They may seize and fortify some place.

The people are exasperated against them, but it would need
a lot of peasants to overthrow them for they have many good
and experienced soldiers among them. It is thought that if
Messieurs of Ensisheim could raise money they would pay these
troops, but money is scarce everywhere.

2^ pp. French, viii, 11.

William Devick to William Trumbull.

1610-11, Feb. 8. London. — After apologies for delay in
writing he thanks Trumbull for the care taken " to furnish
me of a hilt for that which my Lord Amb : had of me,
which I received by Mr. Thoris, in all respects answerable to
my own desires . . . now the shortness of your abode in that
place will take from me all hope of means to perform the like
kind offices for you ". . . . If wishing could prevail, I would
it [his return] might before Mr. Sanford's fatal journey to that
mount of pride and vale of misery where he is now going without
redemption . . . Sir John Digby is to depart at the beginning
of April, his Patent being already drawn at 61. a day for his
ordinaries, and to begin from October. We speak of none here
to send to you, yet some do imagine that Mr. Calvert is likely
to be designed thither. Our Marshall of France is newly
returned homeward, I doubt not fully satisfied with his enter-
tainment, having had all things in double measure for good
usage of that which my Lo. Wotton had in France, saving only
in the present, which I think did fully answer to the worth of
that which my Lord had in France, which being a jewel did
cost by their own saying 4,500* crowns, and the Marshal hath
3,000 ounces of plate and a cup of gold of good value and
Maturino that monster a chain of gold worth lOOl. The
King purposed to have feasted him at Thiballs as he did at
Hampton Court, but the death of the Earl of Dunbar (which
his Majesty took hardly) changed that resolution. My Lord
Fenton succeeds him in all his dignities here ; and my Lo.
of Mar in those which he held in Scotland and upon the frontiers,
unless perhaps Sir Robert Car may have the keeping of the
Privy Purse. His Ma'y bestoweth now 40,000Z. amongst the
Scots of the Bedchamber which do most usually follow him,

* Apparently altered from 4,000,

21

and there is some question betwixt them and the Officers of the
Exchequer about it, for that the one demandeth their usual
fees, and the others will have it as a free gift of the king's
without paying anything.

[Postscript]. — " Remember me to all my good friends with
you and especially to worthy Colonel Patton. I pray you . .
to send me one of your " estuies."

2 pp. Misc. n, 132.

John Moke to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Feb. 8. London. — ^Yours of Jan. 23 came on
Tuesday. I enclose a bill of exchange for SOl. The scarcity
of the exchequer remains so great that I can give no great hope
of speedy payment of your entertainment due for the last three
months. You give me no directions how to avoid the subsidy
laid upon your half-year's debenture, and I doubt you must
be fain to bear it. Of your successor here is no resolution
taken. It is thought Mr. G. Calvert shall be deputed to that
charge after his return from Paris. We have no very good
opinion of the Archdukes' Amb : elect. * We forgot not
the hard measure he offered Wilfordf in particular, and generally
we think non amat gentem nostram. By how many therefore
he shall be the less welcome, by so many the less care shall
be taken to hasten our Amb : to that side. Barneveld's
quartan continues, and Ct. Maurice's cold hath brought
him to a quotidian ague, which hinders his necessary journey
to Zeland to draw that Province to accept the companies
turned from the generality upon them. The like refusal doth
Friesland and Gelderland also make, notwithstanding which
the States are not willing to cast the companies until they
see to what end the affairs of Germany will turn. H.M.
writes to congratulate the birth of the D. of Wirtemberg's
daughter J, but to no further purpose. The D. d'Espernon's
accusation doth vanish into smoke. Baldwin hath no new
matter proved against him, but for his old faults will lodge long
where he is.

[Postscript]. — This bill of exchange is to be paid 8 days
sooner than at usance. It will be near 15 days before it reach
you, and then 8 days is warning little enough for the merchant
to make payment. If it get a quicker passage, I have dealt
with Mr. Monger to write to the merchant to pay it with all
possible speed.

1 p. Seals. XXXII, 7.

1610, Feb. 19. [Prague]. — On Tuesday morning the last
day of the Carnival, the Passau troops entered the city by the

♦ Ferdinand de Boischot.

t Thomas Wilford, arrested, imprisoned, tortured and threatened with death
for an alleged attempt to carry off the refugee, Hugh Owen. See S.P. Flanders,
Vol. ix, ffl. 127, 135, 154 etc.

t Henrietta, born 12 Dec. 1610.

22

Nois gate and occupied the Piazza Clansait [Kleinseit]. The
Count de la Torre resisted, but being wounded by an arquebus
had to retire. Of the Passauers, 200 men, 3 captains and one
heutenant were killed and many of the inhabitants. Fighting
lasted two hours. That evening Leopold declared himself
leader of the Passauers and made terms with those of the
Castello and the other part of the City and all swore fidelity to
the Emperor. The Altstadt and the Neustadt refused terms,
and fighting among themselves, massacred all the Religious
except the Jesuits and the Friars Minor, who were defended by
the butchers, Hussite heretics. They violated the nuns of St.
Anne. Afterwards the Alt and Neu Stadt showed a willingness
to submit to the Emperor provided they should not be molested
by the Passau troops who are commanded by Ramee. The
EiTiperor has refused to allow a battery of 4 guns prepared
against the Alt and Neu Stadt to advance.
1 p. Italian. Misc. iii, 91.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Feb. 20. Diisseldorp. — Mr. Dickenson showed me
yours of Jan. 31 . Neither he nor Markham, who left yesterday,
have heard from you since. The Palatine left to-day to meet
his father at Neuburg. We do not yet know Saxony's answer
to the Brandenbiu:'g proposals on the point of the admission
of these Princes into possession, to which Brandenburg would
not have advanced so far had he foreseen the trouble caused to
the Emperor by the arming of the King, his brother, and the
dissatisfaction of the Bohemians, who likewise arm, the Emperor
thus being like to lose all that is left to him. These two Princes
yesterday proposed to the States of these Provinces, still
assembled here, the question of admission, to which none here
would consent. At Hall nothing was settled about the
administration, Neuburg's conditions being unacceptable to
the Palatinate representatives. Another meeting of the United
is proposed for March 11 at Schwinfurt, where several Princes
will personally appear, besides similar meetings in favour of
the admission for which the Landgraves, Anspach, Culembach
and Anhalt are working.

[Postscript\. — We are all anxious about the Palatine's courier
who left Paris on Feb. 1. I do not know if he passed through
Brussels.

1 p. French, xxvii, 38.

News from Augsburg.

1611, Feb. 23. — Occupation of Prague by the Passauers.
Those who sided with the emperor hung something white out
of their windows, those who did not had their houses burned.
Those of the Retschin have sent hostages. The situation is
unprecedented and the issue hard to foretell. Matthias will
not pass it over, and a very bloody summer is to be feared.

I p. French. Misc. iii, 88.

23

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1610-11, Feb. 14. Paris. — I have yours of the 1st. It is
now certain that the D. of Savoy hath some great design on
this side of the Alps, and by all likelihood upon (ieneva. He
has lately taken 3,000 Spaniards into pay, and one Gaucher of
Burgundy with 400 horse. But whole companies are said to
have been drowned under the snow. Some of his forces are
said to be near the sea towards Provence, and Guise and Le
Grand are to repair to their governments, and Desdiguieres has
been warned. Barrault has gone to the Duke with the com-
mission named in my last. Jacob however protests that his
master hath no such design. The K. of Spain is thought to have
part in this enterprise.

Yesterday Sully departed to his government of Poitou. But
his enemies will not content themselves with what they have
done. An inscription on the gate of the Arsenal where he
lodged is " Maison a louer pour le terme de Basques, et il fault
addresser pour leprix chez le Seigneur De Conchine aux faulxbourgs
de St. Germain."

Bouillon by his good carriage and counsel hath made himself
recommendable to the Q. Beside the companie d'ordonnances
which he had as lord of Sedan, he hath gotten a patent as first
Marechal of France, leaving the former to his son.

The judges are so puzzled about the woman, who accused
d'Espernon, between the proofs of her allegations and the
quality of the accused, as that they seek expedients to suspend
judgment, and have declared that there shall be no proceeding
until they have heard persons who are mostly out of the
kingdom.

It is said that Cardinal Joyeuse will go to Spain to requite
Feria's journey, but under that practise it is thought he may
propose marriages there. Many however are inclined to the
alliance of England, whose good motions my lo. hath signified
unto the State. If good resolution could be taken, it would
stagger the other inclinations. But the overture hath always
been coldly entertained in England. Not to discourage our
other Allies, there is purpose to continue for one year the two
regiments in Holland.

There is a proces in Parlement betwen Conde and Guise for
some profits challenged by the Prince out of the County of Eu.
The Prince appeared himself, but the Duke's advocate refused
to plead against him as being under years, and requested that
a curator might be named to follow the cause in his name.
The Princess, his Mother, was appointed, and the judgment
deferred, " whereby he purchased that prejudicial declaration
of his minority, which is like hereafter to give great advantage
against him in matters of greater consequence."

De Montespan, captain of the Scotch Guard, had compounded
for his place with one Monsr. de Gordes. But tlie Marquis
d'Ancre hath caused one Nerestan to have it, the D. paying

24

30,000 cr. to Montespan. Nerestan is of lewd life, having
always been a leaguer, and now general of an old Order called
" de St. Lazare," newly raised again, which is addicted to the
Pope. He refused to go to Juliers as being in defence of heretics.
Sir D. Carleton writes that 2,500 Spaniards have come to
Milan, and more expected. The Venetians are jealous. The
Constable of Castile * taketh the title of Lugarteniente de sa
Majestad, and maketh proclamations in Spanish against the
wonted forms.

1 send herewith by Mr. Thorys the answer to the Anticoton
and some pamphlets.

Captain Goltaker is penniless. Sir H. Wotton is still here
spending the time in viewing the town. Mr. Calvert goes next
week to England. He has had his meals in this house, and
given everyone great contentment of his discreet conversation.
Mr. Beecher sends remembrances.

3 pp. IV, 122.

H. BlLDEBBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Feb. 24. Cologne. — I am sorry to learn from yours
of 8th that mine have not reached you. I have alwaj^s written
to you weekly.

French news is important. If the accused is a traitor, he
will get his reward as did Judas. Women speak when men are
silent. At the last the stones and the birds of the air will
disclose the mystery of such great iniquities.

Some 11,000 Passauers have fallen on Bohemia, and taken
Cromnau and Budweiss, good towns of the Emperor, who
disavows their chief Ramee's proceedings, and yet will not
disband them, seeing that Mathias is preparing his revenge.
The States of Bohemia are raising men, and Ramce writes them
to desist, otherwise he will come to Prague and stop them.
Mathias has sent to the Protestant Princes to tell them his plans
which, says he, are not against the Emperor, the Empire, or
Bohemia, but only to save them from robbers. I expect to
hear he has taken Prague and that the Emperor will withdraw.
Encloses some verses which have a flavour of Mardi Gras.

2 pp. French. Seal, viii, 67.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1610-1, Feb. 15. The Hague.— [6'ee Vol. ii of this Report,
page 231].

Sir Raphe Winwood to the Same.

1610-1, Feb. 16. The Hague.— [^-ge Vol. ii of this Report,
page 233].

* Don. Juan Fernandez de Velaaco, duke of Frias, governor of Milan.

23

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1610-[11], Feb. 20. o.s. Dusseldorp. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 258].
1 p. XXII, 10.

J. Beaulieu to Trumbull.

1611, Feb. 21. Paris. — I have yours of the 8th. By good
chance I did not write to you by the last ordinary, for the post
was robbed within two leagues of this town. . . . No more
doubt is made of Savoy's design to besiege Geneva, although
some think he will rather seek to recover the Bailliage de Vau
from the Swiss. The general opinion is that he is abetted by
the pope and the king of Spain, and that some great design
will come forth in the spring. If the duke takes Geneva they
think here that he might attempt some parts of this kingdom.
They are therefore preparing to send forces to be ready against
all occasions.

A certain Count de Ruffi is coming from Savoy on the way to
England to propose a marriage between the Lady Elizabeth
and his son . . . but it is thought to be merely a trick. He
is not like to speed in his suit as he has been refused before
and a more agreeable mate is now proposed, of the young Count
Palatine, at the instance of the D. of Bouillon.

Card. Joyeuse's journey to Spain is broken and there is speech
of sending Esguillon* thither. . . . Conde is seeking to
withdraw Sully's dukedom. The Marquis of Coeuvre lays claim
to the Mastership of the Ordnance. But all their pretences are
held to be too weakly grounded to do him (Sully) any harm.

The Marquis de Laverdin came back from his ambassage
on Tuesday last, being exceeding well satisfied and making very
honourable report of his usage in England.

Capt. Goltaker is sueing for Col. Ustler's business, but he has
received nothing and is penniless. The reason may be because
of the alteration in the ordering of the Finances.

2^ pp. IV, 123.

John More to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Feb. 21. London. — I understood to-day at the
Court that Mr. Kirkham and Mr. Norton write to you by this
convenience.

I forbear to receive your half-year's fee due at Michaelmas
last, being loth to pay that large tax from the first payment
of the subsidy, and for that your account of a whole year to be
due at Xmas last, falleth short of the Tellers' register by a
quarter.

I received yesterday from your entertainments for Jan.
this Feb. and March (fees deducted) 88Z. 5s. On the 8th I

* Henri de Lorraine, due d'Aigulllon, later duo de Mayenne on the deatli of his
father in October.

•26

sent you a bill by advance from SOL Now I add 51. to the
10s. remaining in my hands, and send you a bill for 60/., so the
accounts cleared between us, you remain in my debt just 5s.

I am more than half resolved to go to the Hague in a day or
two. Before Easter I hope to be here again.

[Postscript holograph]. — Mr. Sansouer expecteth Bellarmin's
book against Barklay in good devotion.

1 p. xxxii, 10.

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, March 3. Cologne. — I thank you for your news of
the Tozer family, which enables to advise Mdlle. my cousin.

Bohemian affairs are much involved. The Passauers entered
Prague on Feb. 15, by the help, it is said, of the Chartreux.
The citizens made some useless resistance, Count de Sulz having
entered the new town by the aid of the Jesuits with two cornets
of horse. Ramee was wounded. Leopold shows himself
daily among the Passauers. The Emperor is in great danger
by his own fault. Leopold apparently wishes to change his
robe ; if so we shall see miracles. Mathias will be too late to
make himself master of Bohemia. He is afraid they may come
to an understanding together, and that in these frequent
despatches from Spain to Germany there will be a tincture of
Catholicon, a very dangerous drug. He asks to be admitted
into the Union of Protestant Princes, who have not absolutely
refused, having sent Ambassadors to Sweinfort.

1^ pp. French, viii, 12.

Sir Dudley Carleton to [William Trumbull].

1610[-11], Feb. 22. o.s. Venice. — I have yours of the 9th.
In this hard time of Lent there is a penury of news as of all
other things. Only the Duke of Savoy keeps our discoverers
in M'ork and no man can dive into the depth of his designs.
The troops he raised upon fear of the forces assembled in Milan,
though that fear be past over upon their disarming, he not
only continues, but augments, and pays them in French and
Spanish coin. The pretence he makes to some is jealousy of the
Spaniards, whose numbers increase, though the soldiers of other
nations be dissolved in Milan — to others a purpose to assist
the Austrians in Germany. Sometimes they speak of an enter-
prise upon Bearne and then upon Geneva. The last is thought
most likely, though hard to effect, he being able to do so little
of himself, and the French, or Spaniards either, should not
willingly see him greater unless he were of a more quiet turn.
And in this peaceful disposition of the Princes and States of
Italy, though he was well wished at first in his arming for
defence, he finds now but few friends which way so ever his
staff fall. He may be forced at last to flee for refuge to the
doubloons of Spain, and so be an instrument to trouble the

27

world. His Amb'"'' going now to England gives occasion
of speech that if he miss of a match for his son in France, he
hopes to speed elsewhere. A match was being secretly made
by the Pope for his nephew Marco Ant. Borghese and the D.
of Modena for his eldest daughter who is nubilis and he but a
boy ; the Pope was to alienate Ferrara from the Church and
settle it on his nephew, and the Duke to relinquish his pretensions
in regard of his daugliter's advancement. This State offered
tlieir protection to Borghese and would have made him general
with 20,000 ducats yearly. But Cardinal Nazaret * (who keeps
the keys and rules all at Rome) at the instance of Montalto won
the Pope for the daughter of Don Verginio Ursino. The match
is concluded and the Cardinal hath promise of the Papacy.
The Cardinal Borghese is made Protector of the monks of
Camaldda, of which order one Fulgentio, who wrote against
the Pope in the time of the interdict, and others, have appealed
to the state for protection against this new Protector, and the
Prince hath promised them the safety of their persons. I
thank you for particulars of the priests executed in England.
We that know their demeanour rather marvel that so many
escape than why these were executed ; but such as through
ignorance cannot, or through malice will not consider the true
cause, make advantage to fill these parts with rumours and
outcries. If Sir Stephen Leysure succeeds you at Brussels, he
will not be in such leisure as at Prague, where he hath had but
one audience of the Emperor. How he speaks now I know not,
for the Passau troops are at Prague. The Persian victory is
abated from the slaughter of 30,000 Turks to 3,000, and those
but stragglers. The main force was untouched, and passed on
to Tauris, which the Persian is said to have burnt to the ground,
being out of hope to defend it.

Commend me to my old friend Dickenson at Dusseldorp,
to whom I would write but that a new comer must first advertise
where he is settled.

4 pp. XVI, 37.

J[ohn] Sanford to William Trumbull.

[1610J-11, Feb. 22. From Sir John Digby's, beyond the
Savoy, near Worcester House. — By reason of a rheum and a
cold I have scarce head or hand to write a letter. I am engaged
to the journey of Spain much against my inclination. We shall
depart about March 20 or Easter week, embarking at Plymouth
for St. Sebastian. His Lady will go with him, being but a
weak woman, and of whom I am much in doubt. She will take
her young son, who is the last of his name and the only heir.
This is called the year of kind husbands, for every Amb''-
takes his wife with him, as your Deborah. But my Lady

* Presvimably Domenico Bivarola, bishop ot Nazareth, though he did not receive
the red hat until 17 August. Ciaconius : Vitae et Res Gestae Pontificorum
Romanoruin, Vol. iv, p. 423.

28

inverteth the proverb and saith it is the year of kind wives
that put themselves to peril to accompany their husbands.
It is said that the King now means to play the good husband,
to reject all importunate and impertinent suitors, to reform
excess of apparel both in Court and elsewhere, by his own
example and by proclamation. They talk also that divers
tables in the Court shall be put down. By the book I send you
will see there is a purpose or show of some reformation towards.
And of the 40,000L given to six of the Court cormorants, I do
not hear that they have yet received anything ; others conceive
they shall not ; all the world wisheth they may not. The fall
of Dunbar and Kinloss hath made way for Sir Edward Phillips
to be Master of the Rolls, for Eskins, Captain of the Guard, to
be sworn Privy Councillor, and my Lord Walden to be Governor
of Berwick. There is yet no talk of an Archbishop and most
voices run upon Winchester. Mr. Higons, the fugitive Minister,*
is become a convert and is to make his recantation at Paul's
Cross on Sunday, March 3. This has been a shrewd time for
Scriveners and Knights of the Post, of which 7 have at
various times lost their places. Some think my Lady Wood
will marry again, and that Mr. Morrison at Mr. Gervase's doth
begin to lay the siege.

I send you a Spanish grammar, which I lately made for our
company. You shall receive a dedicatory epistle which I
intended to my Lady Digby, but Sir John would have no
dedications made to himself or her. As it is suppressed, you
must conceal it. I send also my paper of Tobacco newly
reprinted. In behalf of my young L. Amb'- I beg you to send
your manner of endorsing your letters to the Amb'^- of France,
Spain, Venice, etc. Also those articles of the treaties that I
have seen printed at Brussels between our Princes, Mr. Vignier's
book de la Preseance and one more Carnestoliendas.

Sir Harry Leigh of Woodstock Park is lately dead.

1 1- pp. XXXVI, 38.

Henry Bildeebeck to William Trumbull.

1610-11, March 9. Cologne.— We await the end of the
tragedy of Prague. The Emperor has revealed himself in
opposition to Mathias and the States of Bohemia and in favour
of Leopold. I feel anxious about the British Amb'- and
Hypolito a Collibus, Amb'- of the Elector Palatine, who are
still at Prague.

The Passauers have taken the Klein Seit, of the town with
the help of the Carthusians and so the citizens of the Altstadt
have killed all monks in six monasteries. Ramee holds the
Reschin and the Emperor's Castle, those of the Old and New
Town have their guns pointed at the Castle. The Estates of

* Theophilus Higgons, lecttirer at St. Dunstans, Fleet Street, became a Catholic
in or before 1609 and fled to St. Omer. He turned Protestant again in this year.
Ant. a Wood : Athenae Oxonienses ed. BUss, iv, 482-6.

29

Slesia, Moravia and Austria are sending help and Mathias was
approaching.

A good patriot writes from Berne that he left Geneva hastily
in fear of the designs of Savoy against them and the Pays de
Vaud, and his troops increase daily. He is quite sure of the
French regiments of the Count de la Roche and Motf''- de la
Grange, and is enlisting the troops disbanded at Milan. The
army is crossing the Alps. Zurich, Basle and Schafi'enhai'isen
have deputed 5,000 men to help Berne and Geneva. The
Bernese will put 30,000 men into the field to begin with. My
own view is that the Duke will not attack Geneva, the Queen
having sent to divert him therefrom.

3 pp. French, viii, 13.

J. Beauliku to William Trumbull.

1610-11, Feb. 28. o.s. Paris.— Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 261.
2 pp. IV, 124.

Ernest, Margrave of Brandenburg, to William
Trumbull.

1611, March 10. Dusseldorp. — Thanking him for the assist-
ance given to his ambassadors in their affairs and asking his
assistance for the Sieurs Langenberg and Heggue, counsellors
of State, who are being sent to the Archdukes.

[Signed by the Margrave and countersigned by Jean Bartholt
de Wonsheim.]

f p. French. Misc. iii, 95.

J. ViLLIERS HOTMAN to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, March 13. Dusseldorp — Knowing that M. le Marquis
and Dickenson are writing to him in favour of these gentlemen
who are going on their affairs to Brussels, merely asks him to
assist them with his advice and address. Has made a like
request of M. de Berruyer for Dr. Langeberg, with whom he has
made friends there.

J sheet. French, xxvii, 90.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1610, March 5. o.s. The Hague.— I had yours of Feb. 22
on 2nd. I have at last by fair means brought Sir Chalistenes
Brooke to pay me the 30/. and have delivered him your bills.
He now lays the fault on me that I came not to him sooner.
For the book, which must be Mercator* (for he is the best) I
have written to Mr Slade to send me one from Amsterdam.
It will cost in quires (for so I will send it you) 6Z. Flemish, and
well bound 71., but to have the maps set out in colours will cost

* The Atlas of Gerard Mercator, first published <at Dusseldorp in 3 Vols, in 1595,
It was re-issued at Amsterdam in 1606,

80

11 or 12Z. I have also written to a merchant in Amsterdam
for two birds of paradise, the best that can be gotten, but they
cannot be sent by the bearer, there are some in this town and
one that is extraordinary fair which will not be sold under 6/.
sterling, but at Amsterdam I hope they will be cheaper.

We hope now our new troubles at Utrecht will have an end,
because many of the most factious biu-ghers are fled. They
had laid a plot and meant to put it in execution about 20th ult.
to seize upon the Magistrates when they sat in Council, and
shut them up prisoners, and to surprise Sir John Ogle the
Governor, whom they would have forced to give passports to
all the garrison (which is exceedingly strong) to depart out of
the town, and then to have murdered him. They imparted
their devilish intention to two of the Burgomasters, whom they
in the last year's mutiny had made, but they would neither
consent to it nor reveal it, for which they lie in prison, and the
States have sent thither five Deputies to examine the matter.
What course the States will take with them, you shall hear,
but it is thought nothing can be done to Canter and the other
Burgomasters, because bare consent doth not here, as in
England and elsewhere, come under the compass of lesae
maiestatis.

H.E. has now recovered, but Barnevelt is unchanged.

When the Count of East Frise last returned from hence
homeward, he sent over one of his men to England with letters
to H.M. the Queen and Prince to entreat them to once more
recommend his cause to the States, and to give order to my
Lo. to assist at the treaty which was to be held at Groninghen
to end the infinite miseries this poor Count hath so many
years endured, all which they have granted to him, so that
when the Count sends for my L. he cannot refuse him, though he
is exceeding unwilling to go from hence, and the more unwilling
because the place for treating is altered from Groningen
and shall be held in East Friseland, which is a great way hence.
If we do go, it will be 16 days before we set forward.

Mr. John More hath brought this despatch and returns in
3 or 4 days.

1 do not send any money by this post until I know what things
will cost at Amsterdam.

2 J pp. XLVii, 5.

Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], March 5. [London]. — I come seldom at Court
and as rarely see any friends elsewhere by reason of my attend-
ance on the Irish business. Our dull citizens have done their
worst in their buildings at Colrane and Derry, and their chief
oflicers gone. Trouble yourself no more with Sir Thomas
Studder ; yet if he would allow any piece of stuff to make a
suit instead of money, his bill were satisfied,

1 p. Seals. XIV, 34,

31

News from Germany.

1611, March 5. o.s. Carlenspurg. — Positive news has just
come in that the Austrian Estates, including the loyal com-
manders Reuschenberg, Anholt and La Fontaine, have resolved
that the troops still lying in Alsace shall be paid off with 130,000
florins, 80,000 of them at once, and the rest to be made up in
the Frankfurt [diet]. On the other hand it is certain that
Reuschenberg is enlisting fifteen companies of new troops, the
Salm troopers are gathering again and the count of Salm is
pressing on to join Reuschenberg with 1,000 horse. The
rendezvous is in Upper Alsace or else in the see of Fulda. La
Fontaine is to go to the duke of Savoy, and these with the
Savoy and Italian troops have their rendezvous in Burgundy.

J sheet. German. Misc. iii, 92.

Francis Cottington to [William Trumbull].

1610[-11], March 5. o.s. Madrid. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 264].
2 pp. XXI, 30.

William Devick to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], [March]* 7. London. — After compliments I
should be glad if I could in requital . . but send you word
who were certainly designed to relieve you from your purgatory
which yet I cannot do, but am in expectation thereof in brief,
since we shall have your Amb : so soon here, which will
enforce us to a resolution. The report runs upon one named
Sir Thomas Overbury, a favourite of Sir Robert Carr's, or else
Mr. Calvert who arrived here the 5th of this month from Paris.

The rumour of the besieging of Geneva now drowns all
other talk and discourse, and I am sure that you hear of the
great preparations in France to resist his attempts. God
grant that it be truly intended. Letters are newly come hither
from Geneva to crave the king's assistance, but me thinks
none of our gallants do stir and muster as they were wont in
the like occasions, and I fear we are too far off to relieve them.
Sir Henry Wotton is lately returned out of Italy and for reward
of his service (as I have been told) he hath a second place of
one of the six clerks of the Chancery bestowed on him, when
it falls ; the first my Lord of Kenloss his son hath.

Upon Sunday the 3rd of this month Mr. Higgins made his
recanting sermon at Pauls' Cross, where was present many of
the nobility. Counsellors of State and others, and an infinite
number of people, but I came too late (not expecting that
sermon) to have any place. He performed it exceeding well
with evident demonstration of true repentance and sorrow
for his offence. I doubt not but we shall have the sermon
shortly printed, which I will send you as soon. It was 4 hours .

* Dated and endorsed Feb. but the contents show that it must l>e Marcli,

32

long at the least. We have been long in expectation who shall
be made Bishop of Canterbury, and London hath the preference
before all others who thought themselves nearer to it for many
respects. Ely said, before it was disposed of, that if York had
it, it were but his right. If Winchester, that he had but his
desert, but if London had it, then he had wrong, and it is said
that by the king's command an oath hath been ministered
unto him, which he hath taken, that he had used no practice,
neither directly nor indirectly to attain unto it, and if he do
equivocate, be it at his own peril. Sir John Digby departeth
for Spain the Wednesday in Easter week, and Mr. Sanford
with him. I told him he looseth a good opportunity by
absenting himself now the Bishop of London, who favours him
much, is advanced, but it is past remedy, and I am glad thereof
to find that he is with an honourable knight that doth tender
and respect him well, and a most virtuous and discreet lady
that will give him his due. He is now seeking if he can get
Mrs. Ann Wood to go with my Lady for to have but one of his
old acquaintance with him will be yet some comfort to him.
They will take their way by Paris. . .

[Postscript]. — " The Viscount Binden, brother to the Countess
of Hertford is lately deceased."

l^pp. Misc. II, 131.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1610-1, March 7. The Hague.-— [5'ee Vol iii of this Report,
page 254.]

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, March 17. Cologne. — From Prague we know only
that the old city holds out against the Leopoldians, but of
Monsr. Le Sieur we know nothing, all Bohemia is alarmed,
the Estates of the country are reinforced by 6,000 men. The
priests and monks did the mischief by aiding the Passauers,
and have suffered for it. The good Jesuit fathers escaped at
first because they have with them several children of the greatest
houses in the country. But since then, as I hear on good
authority, a quantity of arms, muskets, pikes, powder and other
warlike apparatus has been found in their colleges. Accord-
ingly their college has been seized, to the no small regret
of the fathers, as being a veritable arsenal of the Passauers,
indeed people say that the Passauers must have had designs on
these towns under the pretence of going to mass at the Jesuits',
going without arms in the assurance of finding enough there to
make themselves masters of the bridge and the gate so that they
could subsequently get others to follow and massacre all those
of the religion.

The Savoyard has in Piedmont an army of 30-40,000 men
and 12,000 infantry and 1,000 horse three leagues from Geneva,

This storm will burst on Geneva and Berne, and the Vaud which
will be the first to suffer, for that way they will easily reach
Berne and the gates of Geneva. They also attacked Morges
a little town on the lake of Geneva belonging to Berne, but that
failed, the Bernese having warned their allies, and the Grisons
having 30-35,000 men, guarding their frontiers, and others
in Geneva. From Basle we heard that the Savoyard now
changes his tone, only asking passage for his army, which he
requires for the election of a King of the Romans.

Saxony and Brandenburg are reported to have come to terms,
and their Electors are to meet at Gutterbock on the 6th to
ratify all that the Deputies and the two Princes have settled.

3 pp. French. Seal, viii, 16.

J. ViLLIERS HOTMAN to TrUMBULL.

1611, March 17. Dusseldorp. — Learns with astonishment
that none of his letters has been received since the end of
January, though he wrote on 7 and 27 Feb. and 6 and 10 March,
besides the letters to Berruyer and one by M. Langeberg who
was going to Aix to instal an officer of these PP. Expects he
has heard of the new conspiracy discovered at Utrecht.

\ sheet. French, xxvii, 39a.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull,

1611, March 8. o.s. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 265].
2 pp. IV, 125.

Sir William Browne to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], March 9. Flushing. — The Lo. Viscount Bindon
is dead whereby the Lord of Walden hath another good wind-
fall fallen tmto him. On Sunday last Theophilus Higgins
who was sometime a preacher in England and after that a Papist
and fled the land and lived, as I am written unto, at St. Omers,
made his recantation at Paul's Cross. The like audience was
never seen in that place. There were the Lords of the Counsel
and many other of the nobility and divers Bishops. The
Bishop of London is for certain Archb : of Canterbury.
We hear that Pater Cotton should be fled out of France, we
say being culpable to the consent of the king's murder.
Monsieur Malre said a day or two ago that he had news that
the Guisards were altogether in disgrace.

\p. Trace of seal. Misc. ii, 136.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.
1610[-11], March 9. Paris. — Lord Rosse is about to go to
see the Archdukes' Court and then to Holland. In consequence
of his near alhance to my Lord Treas'^-, the latter desires

Wt. 1216. Down. Ill— 3

34

that those Princes may notice him favourably, and I ha^'e
written to the Archduke and Secretary Pratz in his favour.
We have had a long time of quietness here but the underhand
enmities are as great as ever.

The state is chiefly busied with the establishing of the New
Year's expenses, which is difficult, because the Queen to give
contentment to the great men, has had to increase the pensions
to the double of the charge in the last King's time, amounting
now to some 500,000^.

The alarm still continues here of the Duke of Savoy's
preparing his army against Geneva, and forces have been
ordered to the frontier, but the number of volunteers of the
Religion, which daily repair thither, will be their best defence.
The Amb'- of Savoy protests that his Master has no intent
against Geneva, or any other ally of this state, but he
hath some designs which he keepeth in his own bosom. That
Duke hath lately sent the Count of Cartigniane as Amb'-
to England. In passing this way he opened himself to me
that his errand is a marriage between our Highness and the
Prince of Savoy. There is a motion afoot from another place.
Here they are in great jealousy, having discontented the Duke,
lest his Ma*y should lay hold on his offer.

It is much apprehended here that those of the Religion at
the General Assembly of May next will want to be satisfied
in new demands, which may breed broils. They are persuaded
that they ought to serve themselves of the time to mend their
condition.

Those of the Sorbonne, in answer to the Jesuits insisting
that their doctrine concerning the Pope's authority over Princes
is what hath been maintained by the Sorbonne, were in hand
to make a declaration of the difference between them and the
Jesuits, but thinking to ratify that censure at a second meeting,
were interdicted by the Queen to proceed therein.

A sentence hath been given by the Parliament here for the
acquitting of the Marquise of Vernueil and Mademoiselle du
Tillett of the charge made by the woman concerning the murder
of the last king, and they are proceeding against her for slander.
Of the Duke of Espernon no mention has been made, for the
sparing of his house.

Marshal Laverdin reports the good entertainment made
him in England. He hath set up in his lodging the rich plate
given him by his Ma*y. It has been viewed by all the Court.
Upon de la Boderie was bestowed 4,000 oz. of plate. From
England I hear that Mr Calvert is to go Amb"^- to Brussels.
If so, it is to qualify him for better employment later. The
enclosed is for Sir R. Winwood.

\Postscript\. — The recovery of Madame Peckius after
premature childbirth is doubted.

3 pp. Seal. XXIV, 92.

B5

SjR John Ogle to Sir William Browne,
Lieut. Governor of Flushing.

1611, March 12-22. Utrecht. — I am glad to hear of your
hopeful recovery. To satisfy you in the point you demand,
I cannot further them by conjecture, touching the last clause,
which is how they shall be proceeded withal, which I think
will be according to their demerit, it being a capital treason,
and drawing a shrewd consequence with it in respect of the
other provinces that are united, and as I understand the wise
and just, or the remiss and timorous proceeding in this business
will either settle and confirm this State, or to endanger the ruin
of it. It is too evident that the treason and plot was very
bloody and desperate, bloody because they intended the
murder of the Estates sitting in the Council chamber, whom
10 or 12 persons provided with short weapons under their clothes,
and coming by one or two suitors that had business to do,
should have assailed, which in my opinion was not unprobable
against (but) so many, or few more and those all unarmed,
but this like I hope shall be prevented, for there is now
ordained good watch on both entries to the Estates Chamber.
They also intended a confusion under the soldiers by depriving
them of their chief at the same instant, and for a second to
this design were appointed 200 to lie in arms in the garden
of young Canther (a place well chosen for such a purpose).
I say likewise desperate because no man can yet discern
what probable issue they made to themselves. Canther said
he would assure them they should not be beleaguered again,
and another knave (who is long since fled) said he cared not
though he were boiled in lead the next day so he might bring
his purpose to pass. Thirty persons are daily busied at the
examination, 5 being deputies from the States General, 2 from
Holland, from Gelderland, Frieseland and Groningen each one.

Canther and Helsingden are not yet strictly examined, the
other delinquents being first merely searched into to gather
the better stuff against them, and Brackell, who played least
in sight, will not clear himself, entertains the States as yet in
that kind, howbeit the others have been spoken with, and are
discerned to be actors in the pretended tragedy.

2^ pp. XXXIII, 143.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], March 14. o.s. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 126].
ll pp. IV, 126.

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, March 24. Cologne. — I have a letter from Prague of
the 12th : The affairs of Prague stand thus. They are paying
the troops of La Ramee with 300,000 crowns ; 200,000 of the

36

emperor and 100,000 by merchants guaranteed by a Bohemian
baron who promises restitution. The Enghsh ambassador
leaving the day before yesterday with the Fleming Tegnagel,
a very leading councillor of Leopold and others, they were all
attacked by Bohemians of the old house and all taken there.
No harm was done to the ambassador, but every honour.
They only took him because they knew that he had a quantity
of plate in his possession. This Ramee has promised to leave
in the morning and possibly to night. Leopold has taken
leave of the emperor who did not know any more about the
Leopoldians, having ordered that the troops should be disbanded.
It is feared that the Bohemians mean to cut off Ramee and
attack him, to prevent him crossing the river and returning
to the towns occupied by him and still held, which are on the
road to Passau. The emperor means to put himself in the
hands of Bohemia. God knows what will happen when Matthias
comes. I do not think his Majesty will be sorry for this but it
will not enhance his authority. Hactenus ille.

I must tell you the rest. I have had letters of the 13th
saying that Ramee had set out the night before and that the
Bohemians of the old town had thrown themselves into the
little town and citadel where there was great slaughter,
especially at the citadel. Baron Heberstein, camp marshal
to Matthias, lies with 10,000 in the rear of the citadel of Prague.
Frankfort letters report that Ramee has been made prisoner
by the Bohemians, but this is doubtful. A fatal blow to Austria
is threatened. The Savoyard means to attack Geneva by land
and water and the Bernese as well. The thirteen Cantons are
now met at Baden for important business.

3| pp. The first paragraph Italian, the rest French, viii,
17.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, March 24. Diisseldorp. — I wrote to you and Berruyer
3 or 4 days ago, but have since yours of 15th. I thank you also
for your kindness to my son. Please send this packet to Monsr.
Beaulieu. I have the contents of yours of same date to Mr.
Dickenson, and you need not repeat things to me, for both he
and Mr. Markham, when present, give me your news. I fear
our Amb™- on their way to Brussels will linger at Aix,
and thus will be anticipated by Saxe and Burgau. Tell us
about the Cologners' legation, for they are always tricky.

We have nothing from Juterboch save by a word from the
P. of Anhalt, who was beginning to be hopeful, having
found the Elector of Saxony more amenable than usual. The
Duke of Deuxponts has a promise to be admitted as a fourth
party in the tenure if Saxony is admitted. From Prague you
hear as soon as we do.

fp. French, xxvii, 41.

37

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], March 16. o.s. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of
14th n.s. and communicated it with Hotman. On the 6th o.s.
these States came to their final resolution. They challenge as
a promise made by the Princes that all soldiers be cast. They
offer to man necessary places until Sept. next, or till the
different of the succession be compounded. They refuse other
assistance, alleging the grievous damages sustained, especially
by Cleve, during the 44 years war of their neighbours. This
is the issue of those fair words they gave in their provincial
assemblies, and this it is to be negotiate with those who have
for so many years been governed with a light hand and in some
sort (especially the gentry) been masters themselves. By a
letter of Anhalt of Feb. 21 o.s. to a friend in Heidelberg it
appeareth that the Saxon is more supple and less addicted
to his old counsels. " The greatest difficulty was the choice
of arbitrators for the main decision, while he depended for his
resolution wholly on the Emperor and the more infected part
of the House of Austria."

1 p. XXII, 11.

News from Prague.

1611, March 26. — Their Majesties made their appearance
happily on Thursday evening between 6 and 7. The
Bohemian Estates went out to meet them half a mile from
the city with their troops, both horse and foot and brought
them in in state. First went the Bohemian Reiter in 28
companies, including two of the old and new towns. After
these came sixteen companies of Reiter of the king's troops
from the old and new town as well as the regiment of Colonel
Ferdinand von CoUonitch. These lined the way on both sides
and remained stationary until their Majesties had passed.
After the infantry came the leading Bohemian nobility and
gentry in great numbers and then his Majesty on a fine brown
horse in red Hungarian raiment which seemed quite new.
After this came five more companies of Reiter. The procession,
which was a fine sight, lasted more than three hours. 5,000
Reiter accompanies their Majesties within. They were well
pleased at being received by the Bohemians in such a stately
manner. They did not go into the citadel but into the old
town to the property of H. Kirchmeyer, where three large
houses were thrown together to make room. Yesterday after-
noon the Bohemian Estates humbly and obediently made their
proposals to his Majesty ; time will show what will come of
them. That same day their Majesties sent commissioners to
the king to receive him and bid him welcome, these were
Oberst Hoffmeister von Leuchtenberg, Oberst MoUart and
others. They had to wait a very long time for audience and
were dismissed with a bad resolution. It is said that by
Monday some 1,000 foot of the troops of the Estates and the

38

king will be sent to Budweis to fall upon the Passauers and
cut them to pieces. The latter have wrought great mischief
in those parts and have strongly entrenched themselves, having
laid in provision for a year. Time will show the outcome.

From Prague, the 25th March.

King Matthias has come to Prague with 800 or 1,000 men,
brought in with 8,000. He was received with joy. He did not
summons the Estates ; he confirmed their privileges and renewed
freedom of conscience more widely than in the time of Charles
V. He has a constant guard of 200 and has administered the
oath to the Estates. These have allowed a summons for all
who are not of the Leopold faction, who are to be dealt with
at a safer time with the punishment for rebellion. Many are
leaAdng the emperor and are swearing to be true to the Estates
without reference to the emperor. Those who do otherwise
will be considered rebels. The emperor fulminates his mandates
against Leopold. The royal troops protect the country and
there are offers to serve the Estates in the summer against the
emperor himself.

1^ pp. German. Misc. iii, 94.

News from Prague.

1611, March 12. — The succour of the king of Hungary for
the Estates of Bohemia appeared here on Monday evening.
Aftdr quartering in the neighbouring villages the Passauers,
four hours before day yesterday left the part of the town called
" little side " which they had surprised, after holding it for
more than three weeks. They decamped without noise and
have gone towards Beraun to withdraw with Archduke Leopold
towards Tabor and Budweiss where, it is said, they mean to
do wonders receiving reinforcements so that they will have
the means to execute some great enterprise. They have left
the emperor destitute of all support and in such state that
he has good reason to fear that they will finish oft what they
began three years ago. This might well happen if the king
of Hungary returns to this country, as he has been invited to
do by the Estates here and as the welfare of his affairs seems to
demand, as through the deposition of Sieur Tecknaghel he is
now better informed of the designs against him.

March 19. — The Archduke Leopold and the Passauers have
withdrawn to Budweis without any losses of note. They
were only attacked by peasants, some of whom lost their skins
while others were carried off to Budweis to work at the fortifi-
cations. It is said that they are making preparations and
laying in stores of food and munitions as if they expected to
sustain a long siege. Those of the king of Hungary indeed
set out towards Tabor to cut them off and fight, so they said,
but they returned on Monday without having done anything

39

except to offer an opportunity for discovering why, having
this intention and great advantages over the others, they did
not carry it into effect. The king of Hungary was at Znaim
on the 12th and should have left that day for here. The
Spanish ambassador went to meet him on Wednesday, having
been asked to do so by the emperor. We shall see what ways
will be taken to bring about a reconciliation.

March 26. — The emperor would have been glad to treat with
the king of Hungary from a greater distance. But the latter
would not tarry on such a fine road or bow out the Estates of
Bohemia who had invited him to come to this town. So he
arrived on Thursday the 26th, accompanied by 42 cornets of
horse and 11 companies of foot. He is lodged among the
Estates of the old town, having declined to accept the emperor's
offer to receive him in the citadel or in the little side. We
shall see if his presence will bring about the vengeance which
the Estates cherish for having been so ill used by the Passau
soldiers, who are still with the Archduke Leopold at and about
Budweiss.

2| pp. French. Misc. iii, 93.

H. BiLDEBBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, March 27. Cologne. — On Saturday arrived Ambassador
Le Sieur. He left on Monday for Dusseldorp, on his way to
England.

King Mathias arrived in Prague on 23rd with 8,000 or 10,000
men and was received by the States with 8,000 aU armed. He
is living in the Old Town, refusing to go to the Castle, although
the emperor had begged him to come to him. He has already
taken his oath to the States, confirmed their privileges and in
particular granted them liberty of conscience as in the time
of Charles V. For guard he has 200 men sworn to the States,
who have summoned all Leopold's faction under pain of
rebellion. Many are deserting the Emperor, and taking the
oath to the States. The Emperor now begins to fulminate
against Leopold. But that is too late.

I learn from Strasburg that Colonel Rauschenborg, Baron
Anholt and many officers are kept in custody by their own men.
De Fontaine was on good terms with his men, and likely to get
money. He will march with those in Burgundy to serve Savoy.

At the Diet held at Baden in Switzerland by the 13 cantons
it was determined to send four Deputies — two Protestant from
Zurich and Claris, and two Papists from Lucerne and Soleure,
to Savoy with grave threats if he do not abandon his design.
But he has informed those of Geneva that he will attempt
nothing against them and that he will observe the promised
peace. Tesmoing I'escalade. Le hone parole et cattivi fatti
inganno li savii et li matti (good words and bad deeds deceive
the wise and fools).

1| pp. French. Signed Silvester Pistorius. viii, 70.

40

Letter from Prague.

1611, March 28. — I see by your letters your concern for us,
and with good reason since for four weeks we have not known
what would happen to us. After the retreat of the Passauers
to Budweis and Cromanw, on Friday the 11th, the regiments
of baron de Tifenbach, paid by the Estates of Moravia and the
cavalry one of Count Canpierre, brother of Mile, de Manderville,
entered that same day at the Ratsin at 2 in the afternoon and
the infantry forthwith formed up before the citadel and wanted
to enter. The count della Torre went to the emperor, who
did not know what to do. Finally it was decided that 150
men of the Moravian foot should enter each day to guard the
citadel with 800 Bohemian soldiers. This settled the others
retired to their quarters. On the 13th the gendarmerie of the
Estates of Bohemia and those of the king of Hungary left
Prague to cut off the Passauers before they reached Cromanw.

The day the Passauers retired the Bohemians searched the
houses of the " small side," and those who, through careless-
ness or misfortune were caught there were slain without mercy,
several thrown into the river and despatched with the axe.
Those sick in hospital fared no better. No barbarity was
omitted by the Bohemians, incensed by the treatment received
from the Passau troops. This search lasted two days and some
Bohemian soldiers paid scot for it. . . There was no other
ceremony except to say that he was a Passauer.

Amid all these broils the Emperor, who does not change his
humour, kept all the time in the citadel. He sent to ask
Baltazart de Cuniga, the Spanish ambassador, to go and meet
his brother, the king of Hungary, who was in Moravia awaiting
another summons to the government by the Estates of Bohemia.
The ambassador complied with this request and set out on the
16th, accompanied by 100 horse of the Estates and 30 of his
suite. He reached the king at Triegla in Moravia on the 19th
and had audience the 20th. He was very well received by the
king who awaited him in the ante chamber. After half an
hour together, the king took him to the door of the room
where he shook hands with all the suite. After noon the king
started on his way to Bohemia. On the 24th the king entered
Prague where the following order was observed. First came 3
companies of horse of the town, then the count of La Torre,
general of the Bohemians, and the prince of Tells, general of
the horse and other lords of the country, leading 11 companies
of horse of the Estates. After these came the comte d'Anpierre
with 5 other companies, then the Baron de Pohem at the head
of 10 companies of horse of his regiment. Then 61 of the
king's destriers were led by as many mounted palfreniers. The
pages followed these, one of whom carried the king's helmet,
another his arms, a third the pennon, making a very fine sight.
The cavalry was followed by 1,800 Austrian infantry wearing
red and white coats. These were followed by the coui'tiers.

41

very richly dressed and well mounted, five by five. The king,
dressed Hungarian fashion, mounted on a fine horse, went
alone. The baron de Mekaw and M. de St. Hilaire, French
gentlemen, formerly attendant on the queen Dowager of France,
sister of the emperor*, followed him. The former acted as High
Steward, the latter as lord chamberlain. The rear guard,
led by a count of Mansfelt, consisted of a company of the guard
of which that count is captain, and 6 cornets of horse, carrying
the pennon. After these entered 1,800 men on foot. 3,000 of
these infantry are of the regiment of the baron de Colewitz
and the other 600 of another Austrian noble.

His Majesty went to lodge in the grand market of the old
town with a citizen who has a very fine house there.

I perceive by your letters that matters are expected to be
very topsy-turvy. You suppose that the emperor wishes to
re-establish his shaken authority and that the war moved in
these countries was for the re-establishment of the Catholic
faith. I will disabuse you in one word by saying that the
emperor never remains for 24 hours of the same mind and
that, in short, he is in no condition for enterprises because of
his dislike of affairs to which he will never attend. Believe
me, those who allege his wishes use them as a mask.

With regard to the war here it has been badly begun and worse
conducted and a very bad end is to be feared. What chance
was there of making a levy without money on false premises,
then to break a treaty drawn up by several princes, make an
entry into Bohemia, also contrary to the articles of the treaty,
take three villages and the small side of Prague and undertake
all this with 5 to 6,000 men, with the pope, the king and all
the House of Austria opposing, all the heretics as enemies.
This is to try to climb to heaven without a ladder.

After doing immense mischief to the state and religion, the
Passauers left the small side on the 11th before day. Archduke
Leopold retired with them towards Budweis and Cromanw,
places surprised by these troops at the entry. The misfortunes
caused by these good people are firstly that they brought
division between the officers of the crown and the Estates,
the latter heretics, the former Catholics. But there is no
proportion either in force or number between them, and in
consequence they have compromised the Catholic faith.
Secondly this entry has led to the pillage of all the monasteries
in the flat country throwing the old and new towns of Prague
into disorder. Thirdly the Emperor is thereby despoiled of
his state and treasure, held in check and in the hands of those
whom he hated most. In sum there is no disaster imaginable
to which this fine army has not given the start and all for the
caprice of four or five councillors of Archduke Leopold, who
are mentioned by name here, to wit : the count of Sonetz,

* Elizabeth, daughter of the Emperor Maximilian II, who married Charles IX
of France.

42

Colonel Ramee, of Liege, Councillor Equilles and another
named Tegnagel, high in the favour of that prince, who have
brewed the soup.

I am extremely sorry about the good archduke, who deserves
better fortune. He has only himself to thank if he has come to
grief. A wise lord said to him one day : Your Highness is
capable of achieving great things if you see fit to employ the
gifts with which God has endowed you for the service of your
House, but if you seek your own interests your affairs will not
go well. Lieut. -Colonel Ghendt has arrived here with a com-
mission of the said archduke. After he had stayed two days the
Bohemians had search made for him in every part of the town.
It was fortunate for him that he was able to hide himself.

At the moment there are three camps in the country ; the
emperor's of 4,000 foot and 2,000 horse ; the king's of 6,000
foot and 1,500 horse, and the kingdom's which may be some
3,000 foot and 2,000 horse without counting the peasants and
other troops which can be levied in a short time. But, as I
say, those of the king and of the country have united and it
is said that they will go to hunt the Passauers. But what is
most certain is that there will be some accord.

3j pp. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 97 and 100 [in duplicate).

1611, March 18. o.s. — Principal points of the treaty of Juliers
between the Electoral and Ducal Houses of Saxony, Branden-
burg and Nieubourg, made at Gutterbock.* 13 Articles.

1^ pp. French. Misc. iii, 96.

Francisci Tennagel's deposition.!

1611, March 28. — Dictum est hodie Tennagle quandoquidem
ante hac interrogationibus quibusdam responderet necessum
esse deni \blank\ ea quae professus sit, et caetera quae ipsi
ulterius cognita sint, coram Regis Praetorio praefecto D°- de
Herbenstein repetere se scire in quibus terminis versetur ;
proinde ut veritatem deponat, et qui huius rei sint authores,
quod si secus fiat, promptum sibi adfore carnificem. Etenim
Imperatorem et Regem contra se inuicem ita infulminare,
tantam sanguinis profusionem excitare, Prouincias talibus
minis exponere et immunitatibus suis spoliare, res esse maximi
momenti, cui ipse operam dederit ; dicat ergo primum qua
intentione miles Passouiensis conscriptus sit, et quis consilium
et opem ad id praestiterit. Resp. propter Juliacum rogatu
Leopoldi, milites a principio delectos, cum autem lustrandi
et congregandi, eundem Bohemiaca comitia locum, in Bohemia
non admitterent, Ramei Archiduci Passau ad id designasse.

* The full text of the treaty is printed, in Dumont : Corps Diplomatique, Vol. V,
pt. ii, pp. 160-5, where it is dated 21 March. The terms do not correspond with
those of this abstract of which there is a copy in S.P. Flanders, Vol. X,
fol. 60.

t Printed more fully, in German, in Chroust : Brief e und Akien zur Geschichte der
30 Jdhrigen. Krieges, Vol. ix, pp. 253-60 ; as his fourth examination, and dated
17 March.

43

,; -: ' Interroga : et Respons. •

Inter. Quomodo voluisset Juliacum militem perducere cum
foederati Electores et Principes transitum denegaturi fuissent.

Resp. Persuasum sibi fuisse Constitutionibus Imperii Caes.
M. militibus liberum transitum ubique locorum deberi, et in
hoc etiam Electores et Principes consensisse. Esse tamen
inter C. M. et Regem conclusum et promissum, intra mensis
spatium milites dimittendos. Resp : istius conuentionis literas
originales se nunquam, sed copiam vidisse, in qua de expeditione
seu deductione militis mentio fiat.

Quare Princeps Bauarus transitum denegauit ?

Resp. se scire ipsum tandem transitum concessisse, de
conscribendo milite Rameum inde consuluisse, et Juliaci
conclusum ignominiam contractam ita vindicare, et aboleri ;
et Regi Hispano de Belgicis prouinciis majorem securitatem
fieri posse. Altera quaestio principalis, quare Archid. Leopoldus
Prouincia et ditionis Juliacenses vi occupare nisus fuerit et quid
propositi habuerit ?

Resp. Cum a principio Archid. Leopoldus prof actionem
in terram Jul. : susceperit, consiliarios intimos juramento sese
adstrinxisse intentionem nemini se esse patefacturos, atque
haec Leopoldum primum in itinere versus Pilsen sibi signi-
ficasse, se posthaec demum in Gallicis ablegatum huic negotio
ne sese Rex immiscere vellet, sed in Hispanias ad movendum
Regem inuigilaret, ne in Brandeburgici seu Palatini Neoburgici
manu et potestatem Prouinciae Juliacenses deuenirent, fuisse
eos semper ligae et Regis inimicos.

Tertia principalis quaestio quibus de causis Passauienses
in terra ultra Oenum irripuerint, ad quem finem, et quomodo
eundem promouere et effectui tradere conati sint, et quare
transitum a Rege non petierint ?

Resp. Ipsos quaesiuisse media ibidem cum suo domino
recuperandi, quae in terra Juliacensi amississent, quocirca
occasionem et media tentasse, sese cum Alsatiensibus
conjungendi, et ita Saxoniam transeundi, cum Saxo magnum
ad terras Juliacenses habeat interesse.

2^ pp. Copy. Misc. Ill, 111.

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, March 30. Diisseldorp. — We expect Markham in three
days. The Palatine returned two days ago well pleased, and
ready to take the great journey, from which Dickenson dis-
suaded him in my presence, mais c'est un Prince qui se forge
mille belles esperances et ne croit tousjours conseil. Don't tell
Markham what you hear from me.

J sheet. French, xxvii, 91. ,

44

SiE John Ogle to Sir William Browne,
lieut.-governor of Flushing.

1611, March 21-31. Utrecht. — Some indication that the
parties guilty of this late treachery will receive the reward due.
Deputies of the States General and of this Province went lately
to the Hague with information gathered from the confession
of the delinquents, and on their return I will advertise you.

1 p. XXII, 28.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, March 21. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 267].
If pp. IV, 127.

Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull.

1610[-11], Good Friday [March 22]. London. — Plantations
in Virginia and Ireland are followed slowly because we are
grown so necessitous at home that our resolution to undertake
any worthy project is cold and muddy. Yet there are
endeavours to bring the work to perfection. Sir Thomas Dale
being gone already into those parts Sir Th. Gates will once
more improve fortune and employ le verd et le sec till the
plantation be built as well as framed. Yet men bring in their
ventures slowly.

In Ireland I am almost tired with their slubbered up proceed-
ings. London hath a matter of 50 or 60,000 acres of admirable
wood and pasture land, commodities in fish, fowl, etc., red deer
and hawks in abundance, and they are tied within 5 years to
build two towns. 15,000L hath been levied and spent in a few
materials brought in haste, charge of workmen and only some
30 cottages built at Colrane and nothing yet done at Downe
derry, the place of most importance. The business will be
eaten up by private respects, every Hall to have his proportion
according to the money disbursed and methinks they do not
amiss to go on in that course, for they will be able to levy
not a penny more. The threat of the Merchants Adven-
turers to remove from Middelburg to Delf or some other
part hath drawn hither two Middelburgers, Burrell the
pensionary and another as heavy as he. I wish you were
secretary to those merchants in London . . that you might
take allowance of 200Z. per an. and be free to yourself and enjoy
your friends rather than live ever in doubt and distrust. How
Geo. Calvert shall be disposed is yet in nubibus. Some give
out Sir Thomas Overbury shall come to relieve you. Dr.
Abbot is ex mero motu Regis advanced to Canterbury contrary
to all expectation ; but his service in Scotland and Dunbar's
request upon his death bed prevailed so far for him as, bon gre
mal gre all the world, the place was given him ere he was well
aware.

2 pp. XIV, 41.

45

Sir Dudley Carlkton to William Trumbull.

1611, March 22. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 268].
3 pp. XV, 1.

Meeting of the Electors of Saxony and Brandenburg.

[1611, April 2. N.s.]. — Inita inter Electores conventione
Dom. intercessores Marchio Christianus et Langrauii Mauritius
et Ludovicus, die jovis ante festum Paschae Jutterbocci solenne
instrui curauerunt et celebrarunt conuiuium Electoribus ad
id invitatis. Appulit primum cum suis Elector Brande-
burgicus, Electorem Saxonem spatio duarum horarum
exspectans, postquam autem similiter Elector Saxonicus una cum
fratre et suis adsistentibus medio die aduenit, curia descendit
Elector Brand, cum suis, Electoremque cum fratre publice
excepit, ubi non saltem dextrarum porrectione sed etiam mutuis
amplexibus et osculo se inuicem salutati, et sibi congratulati
sunt, ascenderunt deinde una cum principibus domum civicam
in cubili quodam specialiter ornato, coUocutique sunt Electores
ibidem per sesqui horam circiter, quo finito mensae accubuerunt
cui in quinque horas assedere, sese inuicem ita fraterne et amice
tractantes ut nihil supra, neque sola manuum deosculatione,
suam fidem et amorem testificati sunt, sed etiam palam professi
sese vitam, sanguinem et omnem facultatem in mutuum auxilium
coUaturos et fideliter acturos, ad cuius confirmationem largiori
haustu non saltem ab omnibus applausum sed etiam ad com-
mutationem pileorum et trabearum ab Electoribus deuentum
est, ut ubi genio hilarissime exporrecto discessum sit.

Heri die Veneris Elector Brand, una cum Marchione Christiano
et Lantgrauio Mauritio circa sextam rursus aduenit est que die
Martis proxime sequenti dissesurus et Torgam ad Elect. Sax.
profecturus, ibidem de consuetudine antiqua fratcrnitatem
gentilitiam renouatiu-i.

Curauit etiam Elector Brand, pauperibus elemosinas dari
erogatumque est in singulos patina pisorum, prunarum,
placenta panis, duae amphorae cereusiae et unus solidus,
fueruntque numero quinque millia sexcenti quadraginta personae.

li PP- Copy. Misc. iii, Ilia,

A Proclamation of open war sent from Christian IV,
King of Denmark to Gustavus Adolphus,
King of Sweden.

1611, April 4. Copenhagen. — Copy translated out of the
Dutch.

2 pp. Misc. Ill, 102.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, March 26. Dusseldorp. — About three weeks since
were sent from hence two Counsellors to Brussels about the
investiture, with order to pass by Aix-la-Chapelle to estabHsh

there the Mayor appointed by these Princes, who have long
had the town in their protection.

It was beheved the business might have been dispatched in
two days, but it took 16 by the obstinacy of the townsfolk, who
have now yielded. The Deputies, knowing of the holidays
at Brussels, returned hither. In the Swinfort assembly nothing
hath been done, for the disputes about preseance and direction,
moved by the Neuburg deputies, dashed all in the beginning.
But I understand by the Palatine Wolfgang that they made
some overtures to stop inconveniences during the assembly,
which Deux-Ponts' commissioners had no power to accept.
At the end of April will be another meeting of the Union at
Nuremberg, the Princes themselves being present. They would
fain draw their towns to contribute to the charge of the war in
Elsace, but they will, as at Swinfort, resist. The two Land-
graves are reconciled, professing that they will effect much
between Saxony and Brandenburg. The K. of Denmark
favours the latter, whose lady cannot brook that the El. of
Saxony should be admitted.

Sir Stephen Lesieur is now here ; going to England. Of his
misfortune on leaving Prague* and of the troubles in Bohemia
you are aware. If the Protestant Union stir not, the Cath.
League will be quiet. I suppose you have order from England
for the controversy of Montbelgard, the D. of Wirtemberg
imploring the favour of his Ma*y. I am obliged to you for
the book of Antichrist.

1 p. XXII, 29.

Madame Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, April 5. Paris. — Thanking him for forwarding her
husband's letters. Hopes to join him soon and save this trouble.
|- sheet. French. Signed De Sainct Martin, xxvii, 92.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, March 27. Paris. — Spinola, being unwilling to trouble
the Queen's devotion, departed before Saturday for Fontaine-
bleau, having spent 3 or 4 days here in visiting ladies. Peckius,
with his lady, proposes to go thither to-morrow to take leave.
We are expecting Sir John Digby who is going Amb'- to
Spain, and with him we shall see our friend Mr. Sanford, who
lately sent us copies of a Spanish grammar which he hath
written since our coming hither. For your parts he writes
that Sir H. Wotton, Sir Tho. Overbury and Mr. Calvert are
spoken of. There is no speech here of the matter between
Morf''- le Grand and Mon^''- de Boesse at Bourg, which some

* He left Prague on 23 Feb. in the company of Teynagel but some leagues outside
they were surprised by 400 Bohemian horse and brought back to the city. Lesieur
was well treated by the better sort but ran some danger from the mob who took
him for Leopold or La Bam^e. He left next day with an escort provided by the
Estates and reached Dresden safely on the 28th. Lesieur to Salisbury on 1 March.
S.P. Germany, Empire, Vol. ii, f. 180,

4T=

make criminal against the latter and draw it to a consequence
against all those of the Religion. These holy-days I have spent
most in company of de Bures and some other good fellows,
visiting the villages about the town, where your name and
health hath not been forgotten nor that of Mr. Berruyer upon
the green carpet,
f p. IV, 128.

John More to William Trumbull.

. 1611, March 28. London. — Since my return from the Hague
I have yours of Feb. 19 and 27 with the papers about Germany
and the books for Mr. Saintsauveur. I have dealt this day at
the Exchequer about the error of your debenture. They
require time to peruse their registers. Meantime I will try to
obtain some discharge of your subsidy, which is intolerable.
The Archdukes' Amb""- is daily expected, but for you no
successor is named. Mr. G. Calvert is spoken of, but I think
my L. Treas''- will use him near at hand. This April he shall
begin to wait as Clerk of the Council, having no other
associate but Mr. Edmonds, for Mr. Corbet is too sick to wait
again. The Bishop of London goes to Canterbury, Dr King of
Oxford to London, and Dr. Buckerage to Rochester. On
Monday Sir Robert Carre was created Viscount Rochester, and
so being an English Lord hath got the start of all his
countrymen.

Our Merchant Adventurers after divers projects to remove
to Antwerp, Amsterdam, Rotterdam or Delf, are like to remain
where they are, although there were 5 to 1 for the remove, so
effectually do the Lords interpose (at the instance of the Burgo-
master and Pensioner of Middleburg) in this affair, and not
without good reason of state, for if they withdrew, not only
would that town be impoverished, but also the whole Isle of
Walkeren, and consequently our garrison town of Flushing.
The Savoy Amb"^- assures his Ma*y- that that Duke will not
attack Geneva. For the matter of marriage the young
Palsgrave, who is daily expected, shall find rem integram. Of
the defeating of Sir Stephen Lessieur's convoy between Prague
and Stoad we have reports. I end with a caveat for your here-
after lending to superiors. I saw the pains Abram Williams
took to recover your 30Z. from Sir Ca[listenes] Brook, and Mr.
Munger will tell you what hazard you ran with Lord Wal[den].
We expect hourly L'^- Cranborne from your parts. The Savoyard
was feasted with the Sp. Amb"^. The French and he had some
differents.

2 pp. XXXII, 22.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, March 28. The Hague. — The bearer at last brings
you the book, the birds of paradise and remainder of the money.
The book I send bound, because the binder at Amsterdam

48

knows better how to place the maps than any man at Brussels.
If they were in colours the cost would be much dearer ; the
whole cost is 33g. lOst. As to the feathers I am assured there
were no finer in Amsterdam, nor any left behind so good. They
are very dear, being scarce. At some time they might have been
had for half the money which is 87g. with the box and convey-
ance. I send the rest of the money in Albertus angels. Sir
Chalistenes Brookes told me he would pay me the loss of the
money in transport and the charges for conveyance.

The proceedings at Prague makes us all cast our eyes that
way, gazing at the event, which will be strange and sudden.
Many conclude that the overthrow of Antichrist (which by all
prophecies and revelations must within few years come to pass)
will first spring from that root ; of which mind there is an
Englishman here Thomas Leamer dwelling at Amsterdam,
who saith, as he says by revelation, that not only Antichrist
shall be overthrown, but that Christ shall come down from
heaven within 20 years, and reign as King over all the earth,
where he shall remain visible and known to all the world, until
the Judgment day, which he offers to prove out of all the
prophets in the Hebrew text against all the world. He is now
here and undertakes to show the States the knowledge of
navigation by East and West, which trick he means to give
up unto them within two or three days. It is a thing
which all the world hath long desired, being of great use for
sailing, and great rewards are in all countries for him that shall
find it out.

At Leyden we have lately had a meeting of Ministers, where
was a solemn disputation about points which Arminius in his
life time held between those of his faction and the Ghomorrans.
They cannot agree so that the States are exceedingly puzzled
how to establish an uniformity, now that they have given way
to them so long, which will be brought to pass with greater
difficulty, because so few of the States themselves hold Arminius'
opinions.

The States' Deputies employed in the Utrecht business came
here lately to make their report to the States how all things
stand there and are returned thither with order to proceed
against the mutineers, secundum ius et iustitiam, which wiU
go near to take off the heads of Canter and his son, and cost all
the rest loss of goods and banishment. H.E. within 10 or 12
days goes to Zeland, being desired by the States generally to
go thither and induce that Province to the acceptance of such
companies as are repartited upon them, after whose example
Friesland likewise stands out.

The K. of Denmark's agents have leave from the States to
take up 500 mariners, and as many foot soldiers as they find
straggling up and down the countries. Vandicke also, the
Swedish Ambassador, has returned from England, and found
the like charge here from his master, but in a larger volume,

49

for he demands 1,000 horse and foot and seamen sans nombre.
The States may very well grant him as many as he can get
without diminishing their troops ; for few or none will willingly
go thither, the K. of Sweden being an ill paymaster, and because
of that bloody act where so many hundreds pesle-masle of all
nations were treacherously murdered by his order.*

The Magistrates of Geneva have sent hither for succour
which has been promised if the town is besieged.

There is to be an Assembly at Norimberg on April 21, where
we may be summoned. We expect the young Palatine of
Neuburg here on his way to England. Barnevelt sometimes
takes the air. My Lord Amb"^- could not write yesterday nor
to-day having taken physic.

[Postscript]. — The post has 33 albertus angels at g. s.

5g. 7st. in all 176 11

Laid out in all 120 10

Paid the post with order to reckon

with you 003

300 -
2^ pp. XLVii, 7.

John Watkin to William Trumbull.

1611, March 29. Antwerp. — Hopes that Trumbull will help
in the settlement of his father's affairs.
I p. Misc. Ill, 98.

Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull.
1611, March 29. London. — [See Vol. ii of this Report, page

272.]

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, March 30. o.s. Madrid. — I had order to go home,
but by a servant of Sir John Digby I have since had a contrary
command to stay his arrival here, which I hope will be before
the end of April that I may travel before the heat.

We fear that something will be done against our Barbary
possessions, specially Oran, and are arming all our galleys.
The galleons you built for us at Dunkirk are almost utterly
spoiled already for want of careful keeping,

Don Pedro de Toledo is sworn of the Council with Don
Agostin Mexia. Our French Amb'-"j" labours for a match between
the Spaniard and his young Master, and is assisted by him
of Florence. I The Emperor's Amb''- (an Italian §) is made a

* A relerence to the massacre in Livonia of French and other levies, by order of
the king of Sweden, who was unable to pay them.
t Andr^ de Cochefilet, baron de Vaucelas.

I Count Orso d'Elohi. Siri : Memorie Recondite, Vol. II, pp. 854, 524.
§ Alessandro Rldolfi.

Wt, 1216 Down. Ill— 4

50

Grandee and hath the order of the Toison. I have provided
for my lo. Amb''- a fair house with large garden. All the people
here are very glad of the coming of an Amb''-, having feared
that another course would be taken for repair of wrongs daily
committed.

[Postscript]. After sealing this I had yours of 8th, with the
Prague papers, and one from my cousin Samuel [Calvert].
These people are troubled with our plantation in Virginia, but
dare not do anything against us.

2 pp. XXI, 40.

News from Prague.

1611, April 9. — With the occasion of the Easter festivities
compliments have been exchanged between the emperor and
the king, by sending ministers to each other. These served for
an opening to suggest a conference and the postponement of
the diet of this country which is announced for Monday next.
But these have not produced the effect which the emperor
seemed to desire, the diet not having been prolonged and those
of the king having been of the opinion, as I understand, that
the conference ought to be preceded by a complete and final
settlement of these affairs. Yet they continue to make arrests,
even in the citadel itself. The emperor's council of state,
of which I wrote you on the 2nd, has been examined once by
six commissioners appointed for the purpose. I do not yet
know what about or the answer given. Archduke Leopold
has gone back from Passau to Budweiss. The Spanish
ambassador is labouring to reconcile him with the king, but
he has met with several difficulties, of which the least is the
offence which he may have committed against the king.

I p. a bad copy, incomplete. French. Misc. iii, 103.

Maximilien de Bethune, due de Sully to Marie de' Medici,
Queen Regent of France.*

1611, March [endorsement]. — On his resignation and refusing
the sum offered in recompense.

2| pp. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 101.

Terms of the Archduke Leopold for disbanding the
Passau Troops.

Undated [1611]. — Emanatis a sua Casarea maiestate acribus
mandatis Archidux Leopoldus ut Passumensem militem e
vestigio dimittat, Bohemia excedere euret, oceupatas urbes
et loea deserat, omnes captiuos absque uUo impendio libertati
restituat, et omne damnum resareiat, ne Casarea sua Majestas
una cum obsequentibus Regni Bohemici ordinibus, aliis mediis
sibi commodis, contra eum uti necesse habeat, talis dicitur
facta esse responsio. Dimissurum se militem si subsequentes
quinque conditiones serstentur.

* Printed in Mercure Frangais, ed. Bioher, Vol. ii, pp. 6-9.

51

1. Uti sibi stipendium absque aliqua defalcatione parato
et plene exsoluatur.

2. Uti ipsis testimonium honesti nominis et liberi transitus
detur, hac inserta resolutione nihil a se actum quod non ex
scientia et voluntate Casareae Majestatis sit prof actum et sese
probe gessisse.

3. Leopoldo ut omnis impensa in Prouincias Juliacenses
facta, et perpetuum damnum restituatur et refundatur.

4. Ad Episcopatum Passauiensem pertinentia et in districtu
Austriaco ultra Oenum sita et a Rege occupata ut restituantur.

5. Omnes captiui inter quos Tennagell, Heidelius et aliae
equitum Praefectus Breitler nominatim expressi absque uUa
poena liberentur, se pariter omnes captiuos esse dimissurum.

1 p. Copy ; obviously faulty. Misc. iii, 112.

Robert, Eael of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1611, April 4. Whitehall. — Though I have not answered
many of your despatches I do observe your pains and will not
be unmindful thereof when time shall serve. I now write only
to thank you for your kind and painful offices towards my son
during his stay in Brussels. Do the like in my name to the
Baron of Hobocque and the Ambassador Elect. Let the
former know that besides this new occasion (which I will be
glad to return to any of his) the remembrance of our good
correspondence during his employment here makes me wish
for something to be offered to him in these parts. For the
second, seeing he hath surprised me with an obligation before
I know him, I am glad to hope to see him here, and to requite
that kindness for which my son is so far his debtor.

As for the Archdukes to whom my obligation is more than I
have means to acknowledge, I hope H.M. for whose sake my
son received those favours will ere long take notice thereof by
his own letters.

I have taken order for the speedy despatch of H.M.'s
ratification touching the business between the Princes of
Espinoy and Ligny.

II pp. XXXVI, 25.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, April 14. Cologne. — I have yours of 4th. The accord
with the Elector of Saxony was made on March 28.

Letters from Prague of the 2nd say the States of Bohemia
are beginning to exercise sovereign authority, imprisoning
two of the Emperor's councillors, Hagemuller and Hannibal
Isen, Treasurer Velser and several others. The Count of
Hohenzollen has fled as he did not want imprisonment.

The General Assembly of Bohemia is fixed for the 12th where
they will discuss the abolition of the Imperial government,
the crowning of Mathias and the question of the prisoners and
Passauers,

62

King Mathias sends the Baron of Staremberg as ambassador
to Wirtemberg and Heidelberg. The States of Bohemia also
send ambassadors to all the German Princes, including in
each legation two nobles and two citizens. They are to justify
their action to the Princes of the Empire. All this is due to
the Spaniards who wish to prove to the Princes that the
Emperor is useless for ruling the empire, but order must be
kept.

On the 2nd the States of Bohemia demanded the keys of the
Castle, which could not be refused.

The Passau troops had begun to mutiny, but Ramee, having
invited to supper ten of the leaders, while they were feasting,
brought in two hangmen with swords who cut them in pieces.

1^ pp. French, viii, 71.

[De Villiebs] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, April 15. Diisseldorp. — Markham tells you everything
except perhaps that these PP. reassemble their Estates, the
last meeting having been fruitless. Anhalt wrote to me on
March 28 that the two Electors have come to terms and that
Saxony will be admitted to possession on condition. It seems
to me that these PP. might wait till affairs here change, as they
have in Germany generally by the change at Prague, if king
Mathias supplies the resolution and diligence requisite and is
well served by his own people, of which I feel doubtful. If
Dickenson and I, who have know Le Sieur for 30 years, had been
able to have a couple of hours talk, we should have learned
more, but he has given a day and a half to these PP., and has
not bidden me good-day or adieu. Our friendship and my
work here deserved better. I open myself to you as to a friend.

Tell Berruyer that of Villeroy's two last packets I have only
had the second — of March 25, and ask him what has become
of Villeroy's of March 19 which was sent by Brussels.

1 p. French, xxvii, 93.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, April 6. Paris. — I had your last by this bearer two
days ago. We go to Fontainebleau to-morrow on the occasion
of a dispatch from England concerning the Savoy Amb''^
negociation for a marriage between the Duke's elder son and
the Princess, because of the jealousies which here they might
conceive of such a treaty. But as the Duke was carried on
in this design rather by a spirit of revenge and despair than
by wise and sound consideration, I think he will rather thereby
move cause of laughter than of envy to his emulators. The
said Arab'- did not only propound the single match afore-
said, as he had given out here, but a double one between
the Prince of Wales also and the Princess of Savoy, and said
that his commission was so limited that he could not speak
of the one without the other. Whereupon, the last being

53

unexpected and held as unfit, a peremptory answer was given
him. But for that he gave some hope that at his return his
Master might declare himself upon the first match alone, he
was asked what assurance should be given the Princess for the
free enjoying of her religion for herself and her family in Savoy.
He made great difficulties and gave no other answer but that
if the two matches should go forward, the same liberty should
be given to the Princess in Savoy which should be granted to
their Infanta in England. There is small likelihood of any
conclusion on that side, which is held to be of small use to
England. I joy to see the King's affection inclining rather to
the Palatinate than to the remote and black Alps, And besides
his Ma*y'^ mind and courage so well disposed towards Geneva
as to profess openly, as he hath done, that no consideration,
no not of any marriage, should keep him from assisting them.
You may have heard of the unkindness and broil fallen out at
London between the Amb'- of Savoy and him of France, who
caused his gate to be shut against him, when he came to
visit him because he was first gone to the Spanish Amb'.

De Barrault is returned from Piedmont, but I cannot under-
stand the answer he brought from the Duke ; only there is a
rumour that he begins to license his army. And yet you may
perceive by the enclosed (which containeth an oration of his
Amb''- to the Cath. Cantons at Lucerne), that he doth not
stick openly to declare that his design is to reduce Geneva to
his obedience. But Geneva, I hope, will be as fatal to him, as
the gold of Tholouse was to them that would have possessed it.*

De Vitry prepares for England, where the K. expects him
with good devotion.

The President of Verdun,| our new President in this Parle-
ment made his entry on Monday last. The Palace makes a
more favourable judgment of him than at first, the imputation
laid upon him of a Jesuitical spirit being recalled. He is reputed
a severe justiciar and a contemner of gold.

We are sorrj^ that Mr. Sanford goes by sea to Spain. My
Valentine would know how her little son doth with you. I
conceive well of him who in so short a time learned to write so
correct French.

[Postscript]. — I now learn that de Barrault relates that the
Duke gives contentment to the Q.'s desire that he would
license his forces, of which a good part is already cashiered.
But the rest are discontented for want of the pay which he can-
not afford them. Some think it may fall out with him by these
men as with the Emperor by those of Passau. But the D.
asks the Q. to assist him in his treaty with those of Berne
to induce them to restore the County of Vaux. This is so

* Or de Toulouse a proverbial expression derived from the gold pillaged from the
temples there by Serviliua Ceplo, who was afterwards defeated by the Cimbri and
pursued by misfortune for the rest of his life in punishment for the sacrilege.

t Nicholas de Verdun, president of the Parlement of Toulouse, then of Paris.

2| pp. Seal. IV, 129.

54

prejudicial to France that she will hardty enforce her persuasions
to the uttermost. The Duke hath also consented to suspend
the treaty of marriage which he had so long solicited here.
In the mean time some gratification will be done him.

The broil between Le Grand and de Boesse hath been pacified
by the latter giving way.

Present my duty to Lord Rosse. I have made his excuses
for not writing to my lo. and to my lo. Clifford. My humble
remembrance to Sir Thomas Cecil and Mr. Toby Mathew, who
seeks unto my lo. to be a means of his repatriation into his
country.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, April 6. — I have yours of March 25. I understand
by the Marquis Ernest tliat his brother tells him the difference
with the Saxon is composed, and I hear the same from Heidel-
berg and Stuckart. The final decision rests with the Emperor
with the aid of some Princes of the Empire. Brandenburg
would have his brother Ernest continued here with some
counsellors from the Saxon to assist him. The Saxon would
have the old counsellors re-established, but this is denied.
The Neuburg Deputies at Guterbogh had not full power, but
in the end he must come to it. Thus you see how the feared
tempest is turned to a calm. At Swinfort it is decided by the
Union to have 2 foot regiments and 1,000 horse for common
defence and to succour Bohemia, if need be. The assembly at
Nuremberg is deferred. The princes of the Union propose to
attend personally. The Saxon hath promised Deux Ponts
that he shall not be prejudiced by the treaty of Guterbogh.
This Palatine is much offended with him because command
was given that he should not pass through the Palatinate on
his way to Neuburg. Like command was given in the Upper
Palatinate in Anhalt's name, and comprehended also the
Palatine's brother, Augustus, because that part is full of
Lutherans. The Catholic League is not likely to stir.

My lo. Cranborne at his being here had no purpose to visit
Brabant.

At his last going Langhebert gave such short notice that I
could not write by him. I have now also Scarborough
warning.*

1\ pp. XXII, 30.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 {endorsement^ April 6. o.s. The Hague. — I have your
last with the two enclosed from France. I have been in physic
ever since my L. of Cranborne passed this way, which is the
cause of my silence. All our States are absent, some in East

* Very short notice or no notice at alL New Eng. Diet. Oxford, sub voce
Scarboroiigh.

55

Frieseland, others at Utricht, the rest in company with Count
Maurice in Zeland. The subject of his voyage is to induce
the States of that Province to accept the quota for the payment
of their contribution, which whilst they refuse to do, the other
Provinces do the like, and our men of war are unpaid, which
if continued will breed confusion in this State. We daily
expect to understand from Utrecht a final issue of that
negotiation. The Deputies who are there are authorised to
proceed secundum justitiam, and those guilty of that conspiracy
are likely to receive a suitable reward, which will cost some of
them their lives, or they will be banished. The main of our
discourse is about Prague. Much depends on the resolution
and discretion of the King of Hungary, which if he shall be so
happy to manage this good fortune, all the practising of the
Pope and the Jesuits are renversed in those parts. Sir Stephen
Lessieur, who hath been employed at Prague with the merchants'
business, lately passed by Dusseldorp and went directly for
Zeland. Your good friend Lea is in prison, where he will long
remain. I know not what he is charged with, but the bruit
is that he hath used many lewd speeches and bad practises.
2 pp. XLVii, 29.

Advkbtisements from Prague.

1611, April 16. — Last Tuesday the general Diet of this
kingdom of Bohemia opened. The gist of the proposal sent
there in writing by the emperor is that he permits the Estates
to place the crown of this kingdom on the head of the king of
Hungary, who had already been indicated as king with his
consent. He hopes that they will consult promptly among
themselves and resolve him of the day of this ceremony. He
reserves to a later stage in the Diet to propose several other
articles which remain to be dealt with both with the king and
the Estates and deputies of the provinces annexed to this
kingdom, which, from lack of time, it has not been possible
to insert in this proposal. The Estates replied on the following
day asking him to explain the words " he permits " which
are contrary to their free election ; they desire to know why
he has delayed so long to put to the ban the Passau troops ;
they wish, before everything else to be absolved from oaths
of fealty which they have previously taken, since they cannot
serve two masters, they ask him to propose all the other articles
of which he makes mention at the end of the proposal, and
they intend to communicate everything to the king to have
his advice and counsel. They have waited until this morning
for the reply, of which I do not yet know the contents.

^ p. French. Misc. iii, 105.

J[ohn] Sanfobd to William Trumbull.

1611, April 7. London. — I have received your letters just
two days before my departure, together with the books and

S6

inscriptions. To-morrow we shall embark for Spain the greatest
part of our train. My L. and my Lady with some competent
number will go through France, but avoid Paris. " Pippin "
Anna Wood was to go with us, but together with her sister
chambermaid is suddenly fallen sick, and I fear we shall leave
them behind. I lately kissed the King's hands at Tibbals,
who bids me take heed I did not turn Jesuit. Pero de
dineros tan bianco el ojo* My L. of London is on Tuesday
to be confirmed Archbishop and is already removed to Lambeth.
Doctor King succeeds him in London — Dr. Tomson, Dean of
Windsor, is Lord Elect of Gloucester, Dr. Buckridge of
Rochester. Sir Rob. Carr lately created Viscount Rochester.
Mr. Cotgrave hath finished his Dictionary. Mr. Higgins'
recantation sermon is not yet fully done.
I p. xx-xvi, 44.

R. Taveenkr to William Trumbull.

1611, April 10. Flushing. — At my return from you (at
Bruges) I found Sir William Browne fallen into a relapse of his
fever. He " changed his world last night at 12 o'clock, having
lyen speechless, striving with death from the same hour of the
night before." His place . . no man thinketh of but the
Sergeant Major. But I believe the company will be given to
his son, and governed for him by a nephew he hath here, one
Mr. Hough, which I wish because I know all his sickness he
desired it more than ease or life, and sent his man twice into
England about it. . . His Excellency hath been at Middle-
borough almost a week, and . . is so wearied of their chaos
of business and insatiable emulation of those of Holland . .
that he intendeth to leave them the end of this week. My Lord
of Cranborne had his wish into England and I desire he may have
it there. He went down presently with my Lo. of Walden
to assist him in the funerals of Viscount Byndon.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 104.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, April 21. Cologne. — At Prague this new campion de
Mat's, who has changed his cassock for a soldier's jacketf, wanted
to play the brave there, but has retired avec sa courte honte.
The state of affairs there is desperate, and getting worse daily.

The Diet there was fixed for the 12th, the States having
already lodged the proposal on three sheets of paper ; the
principal points being reUgious liberty, their privileges and
share in the government, the expulsion of the Passauers and the
coronation of Mathias, he being to govern with some restriction,
the Emperor retaining his title and some of the revenue.

* tanto ojo =vigilaiice, especially over suspected persons. Diccionario de la
lingua Castellana, sub voce ojo.

t i.e. The Archduke Leopold, bishop of Passau.

57

Anhalt is expected at Prague for matters of importance.

On the 7th the Bohemians arrested at the Emperor's castle
two of his servants, one a converted Jew, a professor of
cabalistic, the other of magic, on the ground of their having
intended mischief to Mathias.

From Stutgart we hear of the arrival of Starenberg,
Ambassador of Mathias, to whom the United Princes have
granted two regiments of infantry and 1,000 horse now on the
Bohemian frontier.

If pp. French, viii, 72.

Sir D. Caeleton to the Same.

1611, April 12. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 270].
3| pp. XV, 9.

Lyonell Wake to V^^illiam Trumbull.

1611, April 22. Antwerp. — I would not conceal the bad
news in the enclosed. I send you Palmer's letter to me that
you may a little recreate yourself for I assure you we have
made an intermixture at the reading of it.

This noon bourse I had a glimpse of a letter of yours directed
to the English merchants, the effect being as I understand,
that you would have my Lord Rose furnished with some money
wherein, as Mr. Corham tells me, you put down him and myself
severally for 50L Neither of us but would do a far greater
matter for you than that, but being both one purse and my
wants being great, I dare not promise to furnish so much, but
what I can do you shall command me. I perceive the greatest
part of our merchants will undertake to furnish the money
and thereof will give their answer this evening bourse, but
look you to your security, for they will expect punctual payment
at your hands. This much I write that you may the better
rule yourself with my Lord.

1 p. XLV, 26.

News from Prague.

1611, April 23. — On the 16th, the day I wrote you my last,
the emperor sent to the Estates of Bohemia his reply to their
answer. Instead of the word " permit " it was altered to
required, demands and consents to their election and coronation
of his brother Matthias as their king. He then gives the reasons
why he has not yet put the ban on the Passau troops and how
he could not absolve them from the oath of fealty until the
coronation of his brother as king of Hungary. Finally he
proposes several articles concerning the advantages he desires
after the renunciation. The Estates are postponing their
reply to this until they have had the King's advice thereupon,
which had not been given this morning. While waiting for

58

this and for the deputies of Silesia, who only arrived on
Thursday, they have heard the reports of some whom they had
sent to divers places of Germany, and the reading of some
letters sent to them. Among others there is one of the elector
of Saxony in which he exhorts them so to comport themselves
towards the emperor that the electors, princes and Estates of
the empire may have no reason to take oifence.
J page. French. Misc. in, 107.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, April 14. Paris. — The enclosed is for Hotman. Your
last was of 3rd and mine of 6th by Petit Pierre of Brussels.
The Q. hearing that the D. of Savoy doth not license but
rather increases his forces, hath sent M. de la Varenne to him
to make quick instance for the same, or that she would hold
him for a breaker of the peace. The Assembly of the Protestants
next month at Chastelheraut troubles the Court, and all means
be used to hinder it. A seditious sermon was preached on
Sunday by P. Gontier, the Jesuit, against the Huguenots.

I p. Seals. IV, 130.

William Trumbull to the [Lord Treasurer
Robert, Earl or Salisbury].

1611, April 17. [Brussels]. — Upon the dissolving of the
treaty at Cullen it was expected that P. Jehan Casimir of
Cobourg should have passed this way into France for the
negotiating of some important business with these Princes and
the Queen Regent concerning the succession of Juliers and
Cleves, but as yet there is no certainty of his coming, neither
are there any other Amb"- arrived here out of the Empire
than only one Dr. Fux, sent from the House of Saxe to the
Archdukes, who passed through this town in silence and secrecy
the last week and was attended to the Court at Marimont by
the commis of Secretary Fleehamber, one that is trusted by them
for the dispatch of all business belonging to Germany. What
his commission is we cannot hitherto discover, but do conjecture
that it may be for the demanding of assistance from the Princes
or to gain some footing in Cleveland by surprise or otherwise,
and most men are of opinion that he shall lose his labour, such
a request being unseasonable at this time, when the Archd.
is disarmed and hath put on a resolution to live in quietness
and good amity with his neighbours.

Count Embden is thought likewise to entertain some intelli-
gence with these Princes, both because Pompeio Justiniano,
the Governor of Linghen, hath been practising with him hereto-
fore and that upon his arrival at the Hagh his younger brother,
who serveth here, went to the Court in post to acquaint the
Archdukes with the contents of those propositions which he
had made in Holland. They do here continue the Assembly

S9

of the States to raise money for the payment of their debts,
among which there is a particular care taken for the furnishing
of the sum that was promised to the House of Nassau by the
Treaty of Antwerp. And they have moreover sent the grefFier
Mase towards the States to renew their former instance made
by his uncle the Fiscal Mase touching the payment of certain
rents and contributions whereunto those towns are liable which
they hold upon the frontiers of Brabant and Flanders.

That which I wrote unto your L. in my last letters of the
journey which was lately made into Zeland by Mons. Rubiano
hath been revived again in the common discourse, albeit some
do attribute the ground thereof to the viewing of certain lands
which he should purchase of Count Hochstrat [?] in the isle of
Tergose and not to any public commission. It is said that
upon a remonstrance presented to the Archd. by the clergy
wherein they oppose themselves to the demands of our Merchant
Adventurers for the free exercise of Religion in their House,
if they should be re-established at Antwerp, all that business
is dashed, and the P. resolved not to hear any more of the
matter. Nevertheless it is not improbable that the frequent
breaking of his merchants and the daily decay of trade in
Antwerp, may peradventure induce him to change his mind
hereafter ; this opposition of the clergy being conceived to
proceed from the underhand practises and artifice of the Jesuits,
who are loth to dislodge from the Enghsh House or to lose any
part of that benefit which they do now reap from the super-
stition, ignorance, and blindness of this people among whom
there is a certain report very current that Baldwin, being
found innocent of the Gunpowder traitors and having justified
himself of those imputations which were urged with [when ?]
he was charged for practising against his Maty, and his State
is like within short time to be freed from imprisonment and
restored to the place from when he was taken. I have
received the letter which your L. was pleased to write unto
me in favour of Henry Hunte and will not fail as in duty
bound diligently to obey your L. commandment, in em-
ploying myself towards the Archd. and his ministers for
the permitting of the said Hunt to continue in the exercise of
his wonted trade, as I have done already. But I do find the
governor of Dunkirk partially affected to the English fugitives
at St. Omers, and so peremptory in his own conceits, upon the
impressions which they have given him against the poor man,
only because he will not change his religion and renounce his
allegiance to his Maty., there being nothing, as far as I can
learn, urged against him, as I fear I shall not be able to carry
his cause against such a stream of force and passion, without
your L. intercession towards the Spanish Ambassador and
Archduke's Agent, although I find the Privy Council well
disposed to defend his innocency, and have procured their
letters to the Governors upon due examination of the matter

60

to acquaint them with the reasons which move him to proceed
so severely against the said Hunt.

About 5 days since the Archd. sent his Auditor General, the
Supreme Judge of his army, in all diligence towards the
city of Cambrey to take information (as it is thought) of
some new mutiny among the Spaniards of that garrison, or
some practise of the burghers against the present government.
I hope [by] my next letters that [I may] give your L. an
account of his proceedings.

2j pp. Draft. Min. i, 83. [The date at the end of letter
is Nov. 14].

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, April 18-28. Paris. — I am glad to understand that to
the honest bearer is offered so good a condition, especially in
such a place where he shall have his faith free from the Spanish
bondage.

Sir John Digby is arrived with his lady, having sent Mr.
Sanford and Mrs. Pepin by sea. He goes direct from Roan to
Orleans, so we shall not see him here. A little before him my
Lo. of Dorset landed also at Deepe, who took the same way
to Orleans with Mr. John Packer. Mr. Cottington wrote to
me that people in Spain rejoice at the coming of an English
Ambassador, fearing lest the K. should take another resolution
for the bad usage given to his subjects. The Court labours
to hinder the Protestant Assembly. Pere Gontier hath been
censured, though very favourably, by our new President, and
warned not to fall upon that tune any more. Bouillon is
returned from Sedan and gone to Fontainebleau. His presence
will moderate matters between the Protestants and the Courtiers.
Monsr. de St. Sauveur thanks you for Bellarmine's book.

1 p. Seal. IV, 131.

The King Matthias to the Duke of Brunswick and to the
Electoral Deputies of Mayence and Saxony.

1611, April 29. Prague. — Of my present unfortunate and
undeserved situation I need not say much as you see it before
your eyes. In the mean time I feel the greatest confidence in the
Electors and princes and in my obedient princes and Estates
in Silesia and Lower Lausnitz, whom I have always known to
be true and obedient and not like others with practices intro-
duced against me and as I hope they will not be. I, therefore,
ask you as friends to speak with them in secrecy and confidence,
as I cannot do myself in audience, because of weighty con-
siderations, on my behalf, and urge them to continue in their
old well known fidelity and obedience and not allow themselves
to be led astray by embittered and peace hating people, or
commit themselves to such irresponsible leaders, but rather to
stand fast by me like true born Germans and not leave me in
the lurch with yourselves and other princes ; and then take

61

counsel with them how best I may emerge from these unseemly
difficulties with reputation to myself and the Holy Empire and
without further danger. I ask this with confidence and am
prepared to acknowledge it with imperial and royal favour,
f p. Copy. German. Misc. in, 106.

Ernest, Marquis of Brandenburg and Wolfgang William,
Count Palatine of the Rhine to William Trumbull.

1619, April 29. Dusseldorf. — Having learned by the letters
of our ambassadors of your continued good will to our affairs,
shown by the assistance they receive from you in favouring
their business by the credit and access which you have in that
Court, we wish to take this opportunity to thank you and to
ask you to continue in this friendly disposition, in the same
way as the king, your master does us the honour to continue
his good graces and the assistance of his counsel and favour
for our just cause, and assuring you that we shall try to
reciprocate these good offices.

\ p. French. Signed by both ; trace of seals. Misc. iii, 109.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, April 29. Cologne. — I have yours of 11th. We do
not yet know what the Prague prisoners have confessed, nor
even the details of the confession of the Chancellor Tengnagel,
examined under torture.

The States of Bohemia have proposed to the Emperor (1) to
release them from their oath of fidelitj^, (2) to abdicate, (3) to
banish the Passauers, offering a pension if he would retire.
In that case thej^ would give him 800,000_^. The reply was that
he would give satisfaction to his brother and the Bohemians.
Leopold has seen the Dukes of Bavaria in an abbey at Ratisbon.
It is not known whether the rest of the Passauers are to be
licensed, or whether they will fight first. The Bohemian forces
of the King of Hungary amounting to 15,000 will follow and
besiege them at Budweis.

Staremberg, the Ambassador of Mathias, has arrived at
Heidelberg asking help against the remainder of the Passauers.

1^ pp. French. Unsigned, viii, 73.

[J. Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, April 30 [endorsement]. — As Dickenson and Markham
supply the news, has only this printed paper for Deuxpons,
come from Heidelberg. Asks him to forward packet v/ith
letters from his wife to Madame Edmondes.

I sheet. French, xxvii, 94.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, April 30. Antwerp. — I received the enclosed this day
from [torn] and Mr. Pallmer recommendeth the speedy delivery
thereof [in] such thumping words that I scarce understand

62

[their] meaning. I should be glad to hear that you have
received satisfaction from Mr. Colford for the 245L Flemish.
I p[ray] you if you can forbear him 6 or 8 days for [the ?] iOl.
or 50L Flemish, to do it ; for the rest I make no qu[estion]
but it is ready.

I p. Right hand edge of paper torn, xlv, 27.

John Brownlow to William Trumbull.

1611, April 21. Mechlen. — At Mr. Corham's entreaty upon
conveyance of him and his undoubted brother-in-law the way
to Mechlen I bought of the bearer hereof Sr. Peter de Gresle
a horse, not with intention to keep for myself, but to bestow
him upon a friend in England, which cost me 160 gulders which
he is to keep till such time as a saddle and bridle shall be made
fit for him, notwithstanding he is to give me both with him, which
I pray you let be sent me by the boat of Brussels, for that it
will here yield me somewhat. But my desire is, which I humbly
entreat you to see performed, that you will cause a saddle there
to be made fit for him with brass stirrup and the equipage
accordingly which I refer to your discretion to be made there,
fitting for his greatness, but as light as possible maybe with
all his furniture as bridle, etc. and to agree with him for the
price as good cheap as you can. Which being perfected, if you
can conveniently, I pray you send your man along with him
hither, for that I would not liave him used under way out of
reason, for that I esteem him worth twice the price he cost me.

His saddle I pray you let be some sad colour, yet made after
an English fashion or as near as you can, yet a pale. Upon the
delivery I wish you pay him 160 gulders which put to my
accoimt. Hereof I doul)t not of your carefulness in the per-
formance and so with my hearty commendation to my mother
and my little wife. Your assured friend and hopeful son-in-law.

1 p. xlv, 24.

William Trumbull to [the Lord Treasurer,
Robert, Earl of Salisbury].

1611, April 24. Brussels. — " On Monday last the Count of
Carmagnan (sic), lately employed towards his Maty, by the Duke
of Savoy, passed this way towards his master, a lo desconoscido,
in such haste as he omitted to see the Archdukes, which as it
is not well taken by them, so hath it ministered great cause of
jealousy and suspicion to the French, who are not a little
scandalised with the want of respect paid by him to tlieir
King in the person of his Amb'^- in England. And since that
time the proposition made to these Princes for the banishment
of our English cloths (mentioned in my letter to your L. of
March 26) hath been revived and wholly debated in their
Councils, some renegades of our nation and other decayed
persons of these countries having tendered unto them very
specious pretences for the restoring of that manufacture in

63

Flanders and Arthois, offering (as I am informed) 1,000 cr.
by the day to the Archdukes in Ueu of the customs unto them
paid by our Enghsh Company for 3 years together, after their
offer shall be received and themselves re-established in their
ancient immunities and privileges granted for that purpose
by the former Dukes of Burgundy. With these plausible
overtures the Archdukes have been so far transported as to refer
the examination thereof to the judgment and censure of the
Provincial States, and it is to be feared that without the
interposition of his Maty.'s authority they will proceed to the
prohibiting of our cloths, or at least to the restraining of their
free sale in the public open markets. The Lord Roose for his
affinity with your L. and his own merits hath succeeded to my
L. of Cranborne, in all manner of honourable respect and treat-
ment at the hands of the Archdukes and their principal
Ministers, as both by letters from himself and verbal relation
at his arrival in England I make no doubt he will particularly
acquaint your L.

" By the last ordinary of London I received the letter which
it pleased your L. to write unto me the 4th of this month,
wherein as I made an increase of my former obligations by
your L. favourable acceptance of my poor endeavours, so do I
in all humility acknowledge myself bound to employ the
uttermost of my feeble means to demonstrate the unfeigned
thankfulness of my heart for your L. undeserved favours.

According to your L. commandment given me in that behalf
I have made tender of your L. thanks to the Auditor General
for the courtesies done by him to my L. of Cranborne at his
last being in these countries, who receiving them very gladly,
required me to present your L. with the offer of his service,
professing not only to be most ready to concur with your L.
for the conservation and increase of the amity between his
Maty, and these Princes, but also for his own particular to be
very desirous to make acquaintance with your L. for the fame
he hath heard of your L. virtues and noble disposition. I would
in like manner have performed your L. commission to the
Baron of Hoboger, if he had not been absent in the country ;
at his return to this place (which will be, as it is now thought,
within 15 or 20 days) it shall be discharged with all due care
and diligence. The Archd. Ambassador Elect is not yet ready
to begin his journey towards England, as was expected, and
albeit some are of opinion that he cannot arrive there before
the end of harvest ; some others, nevertheless, do think that
he shall be peremptorily commanded to depart from hence
before the middle of June. Whilst I was writing these letters
the Archdukes, to recreate themselves with the pleasures of the
country, removed their Court to Marimont where they purpose
to spend the greatest part of this summer, and by their absence
will both make this town no less desolate of company than
barren of advertisement and subject of writing. I presume

64

herewithal to send your L. an extract of those letters which
came this week from Prague."
2 pp. Draft. Min. i, 84.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, April 24. London. — I wrote last on March 28. The
Electors of Saxony and Brandenberg have struck hands and
been merry together upon the admission of the U. of Saxe
into joint possession. I shall hear from you what menage the
Emperor and King Mathias hold in the Castle of Prague where
we hear Mathias' soldiers keep the guard. From France we
hear that the Religion hold an assembly at Chastelheraut,
whither the D. of Bouillon will go, but Sully is charged not
to be there. The League is said to domineer in that Council,
which alarms those of the ReUgion. The Aldermen of London
continue their loan for another year. The D. of York, E.
of Arundel and Viscount Rochester are elected this morning
Knights of the Garter. Here is a project to create 100 Baronets,
who shall contribute the maintenance of 30 men apiece for a
year in Ireland, which will be 1,100L for each Baronet.

Sir H. Wotton, besides the reversion of Clerkship of the
Chancery, hath also a pension of 200L p.a., and so much shall
Sir G. Carew have, both but durante bene placito. We have
plenty of projects but few come to completion. Sir Arthur
Gorges and Sir Walter Cope have a patent for keeping offices
in all the good towns called the " Public Register for General
Commerce," of the publication whereof I will send you a
book by your friend Munger, who will come to you in a week
or two, and by him you will have two new books from Mr.
Sansover published by the Bp. of Ely and the Dean of Lichfield.

1 have procured Mr. Kirkham to move my L. Treasr. to
exempt you from the subsidy, who hath told Mr. Bingley to
find a precedent. There are two suitors for your place.

2 pp. XXXII, 23.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, April 26. Paris. — My last of 18th was sent you by
Monsr. de Bures. I have yours of 15th. My lo. hath been
glad to see the articles of the accord between the three German
Princes. Many did not expect that the D. of Neubourg would
have so easily been brought to the agreement, which is reported
to have been very difficult. " Now the question is whether
the subjects of Cleveland, Juliers etc. will yield to the admission
of so many masters, who, being once received into the
commonalty of the pretension, are not like to defer so much
to a judgment (though it be given by the Emperor) as thereupon
to yield up the whole succession to one alone, without danger
of strife and of the dismembering of some parts thereof from
that united body. In the mean time we do acknowledge it
to be a very happy success, if that great difference might be

65

peaceably compounded to the righting and contentment of the
right heir. But instead of that we would not be sorry here,
that the other difference of Prague might go forward, to keep
the hands and minds of our ill-affected neighbours diverted
from us during this miserable time of a minority. The Court
will in 2 or 3 days return from Fontainebleau, where the Council
hath been chiefly occupied abut . . this year's charges,
which after many difficulties was lately concluded in the
presence of the Princes and Officers of the Crown, amongst
whom the Prince of Conde (who is seldom without some grudge
of discontentment) was drawn by the Queen's solicitation
to assist. And afterwards he demanded and with much
importunity did obtain leave to repair to his government."
The Dukes of Guise and Espernon are also gone to Provence
and Xaintonge, but intend to return soon.

The place of the Protestant Assembly is now by the Queen
assigned at Saumur. Baron de Senevieres, governor of
Chastillon, lately converted to the Religion, fearing he might
be put out of his government, fortified that place. He has
been sent for. But lest the Protestants should take any
suspicion at it, another Protestant has been placed there in
his absence.

The Spanish Ambr. hath of late been much at Fontainebleau
for the proposed marriage between the Prince of Spain
and Madame, which is like to come to a conclusion. You
will know of the Savoyard Amb"- negociation in England
about a match between the Prince of Savoy and Princess
Elizabeth. There is greater inclination there toward the
Elector Palatine. But the Electress Dowager, his mother,
hath taken time to give notice of the matter to the other
tutors, which are far asunder, being the Count Maurice, the
P. of Anhalt and Count John of Nassau. She seemeth in her
fresh mourning unwilling to fall so soon to such a pursuit.

[Postscript]. Another new book hatched by one Cocheus,
an Italian monk, in answer of the King's book, is full of
invectives, injuries and railings against his Maty., and partly
for that cause and partly as in some place touching France
also, is to be publicly burnt.

2 pp. IV, 132.

Elizabeth Devick to William Trumbull.

1611, April 26. Paris. — A letter of gratitude to her " dear
brother " and commendations to her " good sister his
bedfellow," and to " pretty Bett . . a fine child " as she
has heard by Mr. de Bures.

[Postscript]. Mrs. WoUey commends her very kindly to you
and your bedfellow. I pray commend me to her son, John
Wooley and tell him that his Aunt Devick prays him to have
a care how he spends his time for I shall be glad to hear that
he apply his spare time in learning."

1 p. Seal. Misc. m, 108.

■ Wt. 1216 Down. Ill— 5

66

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, April 26. Dusseldorp. — Sends enclosed what he has
received upon the success of the Ambr. of Savoy in England.
Colonel Schomburg passed this way 8 days since towards
Holland, to exhibit the true articles of the accord of
Guterboghe to the States and Count Maurice. The like is
done, by this, to the two kings, but he was so dainty that he
did not show them to the Marquis, alleging that he had express
command to communicate them to none but those to whom
he was to present them. Our Palatine here, although he
believes his father will approve the accord, and that partly
because he is exhausted, yet seems to distaste it infinitely,
and sought to animate the States against the admission of
the Saxon, both by word of mouth and in writing, in many
hundred printed copies. If a good form of government is
established his labour is likely to be fruitless though it may
do some harm. I find Hotman sent you not only the articles
of the accord which are not authentic, but also that part of the
true ones that we lighted on here. Juliers and Berg resolved
some days since to contribute 50,000 thalers, for the discharge
of the soldiers. The marquis has begun to disarm, and the
Palatine desires to do the like, but is not so well furnished.

[Postscript]. The Marquis hath hitherto cast only foot,
awaiting the return of Ketler from Berlin, at whose coming the
horse shall be reformed.

1 p. XXII, 31.

[Enclosed with the above].

1611, April 26. — The first audience of the Ambassador of
Savoy was but compliment and assurance to his Maty, that
the Duke notwithstanding his just pretension would not at
this time trouble the general peace, with any act of hostility
against Geneva, excusing the holding of his army on foot for
the jealousies he hath both of France and Spain. Afterwards
he made overture of a cross marriage between the Prince and
his Master's eldest daughter and between his eldest son and
the Lady Elizabeth. Hereupon my Lo. Treasr. treating with
him, demanded amongst other things, whether if the latter's
match went forward (which was only spoken of at Sir Hemy
Wotton's being in Savoy) the Lady Elizabeth should have
exercise of religion allowed to herself and her servants which
privilege the late French King's sister had in Lorraine, but
the Ambr. had no power to accord any such things ;
contrary wise he objected his Master's respect to the Pope as
an impeachment, but in case the former match (I mean between
our Prince and the daughter of Savoy) might likewise
be made, on that condition they would not stick to give
contentment touching the point of exercise of Religion, whereby
may appear that the Duke's respect to the Pope must give
place to his particular ends. In a word the Ambassage being

67

complimental, received a complimental answer, and hath done
no harm by preventing any other. The ambassador's present
was 2,500oz. of gilt plate, worth 840Z.

His Maty- in these affairs hath a very gracious regard of
Religion and as my Lo. Treasr. told one who attended answer
to certain letters of the town of Geneva affirming that his Maty-
would rather forgo any advantage that should be offered by the
matching of his daughter than omit any part of the office of a
religious Prince towards those of his profession.

This Amb''- of Savoy hath had strict intelligence with
him of Spaine during his abode here. The French and he
have not agreed so well ; for he having been visited first by
the Spaniard, then by the French, intending to visit them
again both in one day, did first visit the Sp. then coming to
the Fr. found the door shut against him and was turned back
with this answer, Monsr. V Ambassadeur est empesche, et il n'a
affaire de parler a vous.

1 p. Copy. XXII, 32.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, April 28. o.s. Madrid. — Here is arrived one
Rodenburg,* who calls himself the Commissioner from the
States United. I have spoken with him and find him so full of
vanity as I must either doubt that he hath no such commission,
or suspect the wisdom of those States for giving it to him. He
speaks very good English and told me he was often employed
from the States to the late Queen and to his Mafy-, unto whom
in open Parliament he delivered a long speech in the name
of his Masters, as he calls them, and received an immediate
answer from the king's own mouth. He says he comes now
direct from your Archdukes, who gave him a gold chain of
30oz., sent a gentleman of their chamber with him as far as
Paris, and wrote their letters to all the capital towns of Spain
for their well treating of him on the way. He told me he had
a very rough message to deliver to this king and will perform
strange wonders, but as yet hath not spoken with king or
duke though he hath much laboured it, nor do I believe he will
ever be admitted. Let me have some satisfaction about this
strange fellow, and I will advertise you of his proceedings here.

Spinola is made a grandee and has the Toison. But he lives
here so plainly as all men wonder.

The rumour of sending an armada for Virginia doth increase
rather than diminish, but I never judged it worthy to be
advertised to England.

Creswell and his crew extremely labour for license to begin
here their English seminary, which hath been once absolutely
denied, and the students that were congregated sent away.
Now I think they will prevail.

2 pp. XXI, 41.

* Theodore Rodenburg. See Niew Niederlandnch Bioc/rafisch Wordenboek, vii, 1055.

68

Letter from Prague.

1611, April. — Wresseviez and Conte Millesimo, refusing to
take the oath to the Estates have been cashiered and both
cornets are broken, so the ' compere ' is a free man and may
possibly go to Capt. Troscia. Capt. Manfrino Castiglioni arrived
here on Tuesday, they say on an embassy from A. or the troops
to King Matthias. He alighted at the house of the Spanish
ambassador, who lamented his coming because of the conse-
quences. He left secretly the same night, the more so because
on the preceding day Councillor Eghemiller and il Welser
had been arrested by the Count della Torre in the name of the
Estates and taken to the Rothaus to bear Sig. Tenogl company.
On Wednesday Sig. Annivalt, privy councillor, was also
arrested. They say that the Estates, by the deposition of
these persons, mean to justify their cause before the world and
to show the emperor's own councillors that they have good
reason to do what they propose in favour of King Matthias.
He has the ball in his hands ; it remains to be seen if he can make
use of his fine opportunity.

All the gates of the city are guarded. Castiglioni is supposed
to be outside, and some think it is in order that the wives of
the Count of Sulz and of Bercka who are confined in the citadel
may not escape as the Countess of Althan did, in male attire, to
join her husband, whose virile action is much admired. The
outcome is uncertain until the next diet, but it is considered
certain that the emperor will abdicate in favour of the king, his
brother and that the Estates will issue an imperial ban against
the soldiers of Budweis.

1 p. Italian ; a had copy. Misc. iii, 110.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, May 2. Paris. — I have yours of April 20. My Lo.
and Lady thank Lord Rosse for his message, and also Mr.
Toby Mathew for whom I have letters from Spain for yourself.
I did not expect Lord R. to stay so long at Brussels.

If your news from Prague is true, " it is not a mean piece of
work which they have there in hand, and though no man ought
but to be moved with the fall of an Emperor, yet we . . .
are to acknowledge the special . . . favour of God therein
to our cause. For the business of Juterbock I am brought into
a doubt by your last letter, which after you had sent me the
last week the Articles of Accord between the three Possedants,
doth now only mention the two Electors therein, which doubt
is confirmed by reports ... of divers men here, whose
advertisements do hitherto exclude the D. of Newbourg from
the said agreement."

Yesterday the K. and Q. returned from Fontainebleau.
Within these 3 or 4 days a soldier was apprehended here for
a design against the king's person. It is said that coming to
the Pont au Change the soldier offered a goldsmith a ring.

69

The latter refusing to buy it, the soldier pressed him for money
for it, because, as he said, since he possessed it, " he had been
possessed with very ill motions in his spirit, which by his speech
and countenance he did manifestly bewray. And thereupon
the goldsmith urging him to declare his mind, he told him that
he felt in himself a violent . . longing to go to Fontainebleau
to kill the king. Upon the which speeches the other striking
with his hammer a blow upon his anvil (as their fashion is to
crave one another's assistance in such cases) called some of his
neighbours to him, who laying hold upon the companion,
carried him to the officers of justice, to whom he is said to have
confessed that he had the said ring of a Religious man, who
had bestowed it upon him ; and the same being viewed and
searched, the report is that there have been some charms
found under the stone, which is all that I could learn of
the matter, wherein although there seemeth to be much
improbability, yet certain it is that the case is not without the
like example."

Cocquaius is said to be the great Duchesses' Confessor at
Florence and in his book maintaineth with further arguments
Bellarmine's de Potestate Papae against the rights of Princes.
The Parlement would have btirnt it, but the Q. caused them
to stay their judgment till his return to Paris, and it is thought
that the book will only be suppressed.

Here is reported some disgrace lately done to the Spanish
Ambr. in England, whereof the Archduke's Agent here told
me he had heard from Brussels. If so, their intelligences are
better than ours.

Bouillon and the Protestant Deputies of these parts for the
Assembly at Saumur are to depart within 3 or 4 days. The
Q. is confident that the Duke by his counsels will moderate
any exorbitant demands which she feareth might arise there.
Saumur is chosen instead of Chastelleraut chiefly to please
Bouillon who, being jealous of Sully, was unwilling to go to
a place under his governance. The latter hath repeated to the
Q. his enumeration of his services to the Crown, and demands
leave to be present at Saumur. The ambiguous reply was that
what had passed heretofore should not be forgotten, and that
his going to the Assembly was left to his choice.

Towards Xaintonge d'Espernon hath gathered men of those
lately cut off from every regiment, at which Protestants in those
parts take no small jealousy. Enclosed is a packet for de
Russy. If my Lo. Rosse be with you, impart the contents
hereof to him.

2f pp. IV, 133.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, May 2. Hague. — The Hague is now sick of a lethargy,
having from the public no variety at all. We have a foire in
the town, which fills the streets full of hobbyhorses, and our

70

burghers drink so much that they are never sober. I send you
a copy of the proclamation of open war between Denmark and
Sweden.* We are in daily expectation what will become of
this war, if Denmark and Cologne fall both together upon poor
Sweden, ne Hercules quidem contra duos, and if Sweden join
with Cologne, which may be doubted as being ultimum refugium,
it will be the worse for all merchants that trade in those parts.
We hear from Prague that Matthias will not depart thence
till he have the Crown of Bohemia on his head. In the mean-
time they say that the Duke of Bavaria aspires to be King of
the Romans and for better proceeding therein he is sure of
the three Ecclesiastical Electors, and in hope to make means
for the Duke of Deux Font's favour, Administrator of the
Electoral Palatin. The Commissioners who lately arrived here,
can as yet do nothing, because H.E. and most part of the States
General are absent. Barnevelt goes daily into the Assembly
of the States of Holland, yet his quartaine will not forsake him.
My L. Lisle intends to make his eldest son Lieutenant Governor
of Flushing and to give the company to his second son.
2 pp. XL VI, 22.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, May 12. Cologne. — I have yours of April 30. The
Passauers are still pillaging round Budweiss, and the Bohemian
army of 15,000 is becoming mutinous for want of pay. They
have plenty of difficulties ahead of them. The Estates of
Bohemia have proposed to Mathias four conditions for his
coronation, that he live in the Castle at Prague and not leave
Bohemia, that they may hold assemblies without his leave,
that they appoint and dismiss officers, and if he die without
heirs, they may elect his successor.

The position at Geneva is uncertain ; they continue their
fortification, and Savoy does not move with his army.

1 p. French, viii, 74.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsements], May 3. o.s. The Hague. — War is
proclaimed by Denmark against Sweden. The French Queen
will now continue the payment of the two French regiments
for 6 months longer, and has ordered 100,000cr. to be trans-
ported hither. The Elector of Brandenburg has accorded that
the Elector of Saxe shall be admitted jointly with him into
the possession of Cleves and Juliers. But the Electress, by
whom the right is invested in him, has formally and solemnly
protested against this, and the D. of Neuberg yet hath not
avowed, who is a party principal, nor the States of the country,
who are debating what resolution to take. We understand
not what King Mathias doeth at Prague. The opinion
is that he intends actually to be possessed of the Crown of

* See page 45 above.

71

Boheme, and to make himself the best way he can for the
Kingdom of the Romans, but he has a strong competitor there
in the D. of Bavaria, who confidently presumes of the three
Ecclesiastical Electors, and by the mediation of France hopes
to procure the favour of the Administrator of Heidelberg.
Meantime no man ever was more miserable than the Emperor,
who ought to be so much the more sensible of his own affliction,
because no man else hath any compassion of him. I know
you bear part with us in our sorrow for the untimely death of
Sir W. Browne, who leaves a poor but virtuous lady with five
young children. Sir Robert Sydney, second son to my L.
Lisle hath his company, and letters from England say the
eldest son shall be Lieut.-Governor. We expect H.E. some
time next week, whom we hear to be departed out of Zeland
to Bergen-op-Zoon and thence goes to Breda.
2| pp. Holograph. Seal, xlvii, 30.

News from Prague.

1611, May 14. — The deputies of Moravia have settled the
dispute between those of Silesia and Lusace on the one hand
and these Estates on the other, touching the election of kings
of Bohemia in this fashion that nothing will be said about it
now and the decision will be referred to another time without
prejudice to the right of the parties, in order not to delay the
other affairs for which they have convoked this diet and in
particular the coronation of the king of Hungary. Later the
said Estates as well as the deputies were admitted to audience
of the emperor on Monday to deliver their reply upon the last
articles which he had proposed to them, touching his pretensions
after he has resigned this kingdom. On the next day they
asked him to make known his decision and further declared
their intention to proceed to the coronation next Monday and
for this purpose their wish to be released that day from the
oath of fealty which they made to him on his accession to the
throne. The emperor seeing that he could not obtain from
them any respite whatever, addressed himself to the king and
succeeded so far that he has even asked the Estates to be so
good as to postpone his coronation until the day after
Whitsunday.

J p. French. Misc. iii, 113.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, May 15. Diisseldorp. — These PP. have only obtained
52,000 thalers from the States of Juliers and Berg. They will
get less at Cleves. I am sorry for Berruyer's going, and hope
he will keep in touch with you. I am sending to De Preaux
the true articles extracted from the treaty by Buwinkhausen.
I am asking him to show them to you, for my eyes can no more.
I thank you for yours of April 28. Send a copy of the articles
to Beaulieu.

I p. French, xxvii, 95.

72

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, May 8. Paris. — I only trouble you for the conveying
of the enclosed to de Russy. Upon Saturday the 14th of this
month commemoration was made here and in St. Denys of last
year's lamentable blow, but only with particular devotions,
the Q., not being willing with public assemblies to renew the
wound of the public mourning. Now that the first year is
passed, she will leave off her grand deuil, but will not have the
Court leave off the black yet for this year. She is so much in
love with Fontainebleau that she will go there again after
visiting the young Princes and Princesses at St. Germain's.
Letters from de la Varenne at Turin say that the Duke upon
the instance of the Queen had begun to license his forces upon
the 8th of this present. But those of Geneva give out that
they whom he hath discharged are but certain Protestants
among the French troops in his army, and doubt his disarming,
saying that the Q. might herself have begun that disarming
by revoking the French troops in his army. There is no more
speech about the soldier and the ring, but he was apprehended.
Bouillon departs this day towards Saumur. On Saturday Mr.
Malvin, the Scotch minister, who was prisoner in the Tower,*
came to him out of England, being at his request enlarged and
sent unto him, whom he will employ in his academy at Sedan.

{Postscripil. My Lo. of Dorset is at Blois, and Mr. John
Packer with him.

1 p. IV, 134.

The Archdukes to the Sieur De Bredam,
Lieutenant of Brabant and others.

1611, May 20. Mariemont. — [There is a copy of this paper
in S.P. Flanders, Vol. X, endorsed " Copy of the Archdukes'
letter to their officers for investing the Marquis of Brandenburg
and the Palatine of Neuburg into the seigneuries of Ravestein
and Winnedal," enclosed with Trumbull's despatch of 15 May].

1 p. French. Copy. Misc. in, 115.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, May 11. Dusseldorp. — I have 3 letters from you, the
later by de Bures. The two Princes are gone to Cleve for the
assembly of that province and Markland, Juliers and Berg have
granted only 52,000 thalers, half of which being the Palatine's
part is a small help in his great necessity. Both he and the
Marquis are casting troops. Those who remain in service
instead of 4 weeks to the month, must now have 6, after the
division of the year used in the United Provinces.

Touching the Palatine's journey and his meeting with
Landgrave Maurice ... I may add that if he had duly
weighed that which I have sundry times remonstrated imto

* Andrew Melvin. See Cal. S.P. Dom. 1611-8, pp. 21-3.

78

him ... he would give less way to passion and over strained
hopes.

The Marquis will tarry certain months at Cleve, which must
enforce Monsr. Hotman and me to dislodge from hence.

1 p. XXII, 33.

News from Prague.

1611, May 23. — At 3 o'clock to-day, after dinner King
Matthias was crowned by Cardinal Dithierichstein. The
king's habit, of violet cloth of gold, was put on b)^ the
Bohemians, but he himself put on the girdle. Afterwards they
celebrated mass when the king received the sacrament. Later
they scattered gold and silver pieces. The larger pieces bore
a stork holding a serpent in its beak with the words " By my
enemy I am come to this happiness." After this they sat down
to table, fired the largest pieces of artillery thrice, rang the
bells thrice and the soldiers fired the salute. The ambassadors
of Saxony, Mayence and the Count Palatin of Newbourg were
not present at the coronation but in the ante chamber with the
emperor, who did not show himself. The king gave a letter
renversal to the Estates of Bohemia assuring them of all their
privileges of liberty and assembly and especially of the years
1608 and 1610, with a promise to permit freedom of religion
suh utraque. This wiU be confirmed 14 days after the coronation,
in due form.

The king's commissioners got back from Budweiss yesterday.
They say that they are already in agreement with the soldiers
on condition that they are paid, dismissed and pardoned in
12 days. The colonels, captains and other officers have also
asked this of the king, but it has been refused. Colonel Altheim
also demanded pardon of the king and the soldiers when asked
if they wished to serve the king, replied. Yes, provided they
get full pay, both for colonels and captains and that they know
for what they are to be employed. They say that the king
means to keep a regiment of 4,000 men under the command
of Col. Lucan, who will be charged to lead it to Hungary, to
Sevenberge, Schlavata and Smissauski. Hagemiller and
Tenagle are out of prison but Seidelius is still detained. 72
Articles have been propounded these last days to Haniwald,
touching the empire for the most part.

The news of the 18 and 21 May is that the Passau soldiers
are banned in order to force them to terms. Sieur Altheim
has offered his services for this if the commissioners will procure
his pardon from the king, and upon this he has treated with the
officers. The Archduke Leopold and Ramee arrived at
Cromenaw some days ago, being unwilling to make terms
with the king. Altheim has asked for some officers to be sent
to him, but so far no one has come. The commissioners have
sent to the king what Leopold wrote to Altheim. The archduke
and Ramee dare not go near the soldiers at Budweiss. All

74

Ramee's cavalry is at Crumanaw. They are on Leopold's

side. If this horse does not start to mutiny the disbanding
will proceed and the soldiers will be satisfied with little. The
Sieur Altheim also said that if the others will not make terms
he with his company of 1,000 horse is willing to disband and
rest content.

They say here that the emperor has announced a meeting
of the Electors for the 17th July, at Mulhausen, at which he
will be present, upon 4 points upon which he is already decided
(1) touching an election of a king of the Romans ; (2) touching
a general Diet of all the princes of the empire and some contri-
butions ; (3) not only to make a general peace for the whole
empire, but to be able to maintain it ; (4) to advise how the
difference between the dukes of Deuxponts and Newbourg can
be accommodated on the question of the administration of the
Palatinate. After this assembly the king means to hold another
and the Estates of Bohemia have put to him what course he
means to take touching his residence and government. The
king has already decided to leave the residence and government
to the emperor with the assistance of some councillors. The
Sieur de Meganu will be one but the king has not yet decided
on the others.

The Archduke Leopold wished to prevent the soldiers coming
to terms with the king, asking them to remain with him and
that he is expecting more troops, for which he reserves the
Count of Sultz and Ramee and other captains in accord with
him. Leopold has also written to Altheim to come to him with
the horse ; but the Sieur de Rochembourg has warned Altheim
not to be too trustful. He has also warned the king to see
that the Passau soldiers do not do any mischief. Upon this
the king has asked the Estates that the soldiers of Moravia and
Austria with those near Prague may be put on the frontier near
Budweis to force the Passau soldiers to terms. This was
resolved by the Estates. The duke of Brunswick and the
ambassadors of the Electors and other jDrinces have proposed
an agreement between the emperor and the king of Hungary.

Terms of Agreement between the Emperor and King
Matthias.

(1) Maintenance of the privileges of Bohemia.

(2) Fortification of the ramparts and houses to avoid danger
from troops.

(3) To make all the musters in the towns.

(4) The mechanic workmen of the Court to have no
exemption.

(5) Members of the Council to be natives of Bohemia.

(6) To restrain ecclesiastical jiu-isdiction at Prague.

(7) To pay the emperor's debts.

(8) Not to put charges or taxes on the country except by
advice of the chancery.

(9) Only natives of Prague to be appointed to the Great

75

Council of Appeal, according to the original grant of the Emp.
Ferdinand in 1548.

(10) The king to have the judging of civil causes only, not
criminal.

(11) The Jews to be banished and sent to some special place
to do their business ; they shall have a mark on their clothes
and shall not build more houses.

Terms to be fulfilled by King Matthias with the Bohemians.

(1) The contract made at Prague in 1608 to be confirmed
and approved.

(2) The emperor should crown the king as the Emp.
Maximilian crowned him.

(3) The Passau soldiers to be dismissed and punished.

(4) The two monarchs not to levy any more troops.

(5) Bad ministers to be dismissed.

(6) The king to leave the government to the emperor for life.

(7) New officers to be appointed by advice of the Estates.

(8) The king of Spain, Electors and Archdukes to confirm
this accord.

(9) The emperor to command the Electors to admit the king,
as his oldest brother, to the crown of the Romans.

(10) The king to maintain his residence at Vienna.

(11) The emperor to see that not only Bohemia but the whole
empire contributes to the war against the Turk.

(12) The king to lead the war against the Turk.

News has since reached here that the duke of Brunswick has
written some injurious words to the ambassadors of Silesia,
whereupon some persons of quality have sent to the ambassadors
for a copy or the original. Upon this the Estates have met a
third time upon their articles which are published before the
coronation and some other articles of which the chief ones
follow.

The Estates have recently calculated how much money would
be required to pay the four months due to the troops. They
find that they would require 5 tons of gold, from contributions ;
but if the money could be found in time they might satisfy
them with four tons only.

4 J pp. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 116.

Sir Dudley Caeleton to Trumbull.

1611, May 14. n.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 273].
2 pp. XV, 10.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, May 26. Cologne. — I told you of the arrival of
Neuburg's secretary. Ces folies Pragesques spread to their
neighbours. The theatre for Mathias' coronation was set
up in the church of the Castle. Saxony, Mayence, Brunswick
and what is more Silesia and Lusatia are for the emperor,

76

the Tyrol also. This good king will not find Clesel a great
addition to his strength.

Savoy has told the Swiss Ambassadors that he would long
ago have disbanded his forces if they had not raised troops.
He will disband if they will do the like, refund his outlay on his
army and come to terms. He says that he has an enterprise
on hand to embark this month 20,000 men at least. What
may be his object is not known. Possibly it may be Barbary.

An Ambassador extraordinary from Spain is expected at
Turin to induce the Duke to disarm. The nuncio there does
the like. I do not believe that this force will be disbanded.

1^ pp. French, viii, 75.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, May 17. Hague. — The mutineers of Utrecht have at
last received sentences. Four were condemned to death*, and
brought to the place of execution, but the Magistrates and
Preachers of tliat town interceded for their lives, and they
with all the other complotters were perpetually banished out
of these Provinces, with loss of all their livings and goods.
The town is well rid of them. The business of Embden is still
in treaty, but the poor Count cannot as yet find any good issue
out of his miseries. Yet the States' Deputies there have good
hopes of a speedy end. The Commissions here sent about
certain rents which the Archduke pretends, have done no more
than the first day they came hither. Barnevelt yesterday
went to Ammersford near Utrecht for a month or two to try
whether the changing himself to a better air will change the
course of his quartain. A man of war is now gone to Calais
to fetch 100,000cr. which the Queen of France sends for the
payment of the two French regiments for this half-year now
ensuing. She has ordered the Ambr. here to give the States
this item, that if they expect any more such favours from her,
she will take care for the satisfaction of H.M. of Great Britain
about the debt which France hath so long pressed the States
to assume upon them, and this she wisheth them to do before
the six months be expired. We gape after news from Prague,
but only know that Mathias will not part from thence until
he has the Crown of Bohemia on his head. The Emperor has
sent 100,000 guilders to the Passavians and wills them to be
pacified therewith ; if not, he will delay no longer with them
but publish his ban against them, but I think the poor man
wants power to be as good as his word.

2 pp. XL VI, 23.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement]. May 17. o.s. The Hague. — Your last
I received on the 12th. The practisers of Utrecht have received

* Dirick Kanter, Henry de Helsingden, Jacob Aertsen and Martin Gerritsen.
Meteren : Hist, des Pays Bas, t. 711d.

77

their doom. All or most are banished, and their goods
confiscated.

King Matthias is lulled to sleep by the enchantments of the
Nuncio and the Spanish Ministers. It is said the young P. of
Neuberg will shortly be here and go to England. Whether
his errand be to present his service to our young Princess, or
to induce H.M. to declare himself against the admission of
Saxe into the possession of Cleves, I fear he will lose his labour.

Barnevelt yesterday went to Amersfort for change of air.
The war advances between Denmark and Sweden, which is a
great unhappiness to the merchants of this Province, who are
excluded from the Baltic, and we shall have this year a great
dearth of corn, whereof your " brabanzons " have a fore-
knowledge, who already begin to empty our storehouses at
Amsterdam.

2 pp. XLVii, 32.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, May 20. Paris. — I have your letter and important
advertisement of the 9th. Of your post Jaques by whom you
write to have sent me a fardel for my lo. Edmondes, I hear
nothing, nor is there news of your Amb''. I am glad your
auditor is not yet on his journey. For his own respect and for
yours he shall do well to protract it, as there is little cause for
him to expect any great favour in England, and for you to
wish, as yet, your removal from Brussels.

We have many advertisements of war preparations between
Denmark and Sweden. It seems to be rather the rubbing of
an old sore than the beginning of a new. There are some of
our own profession who maintain that if Denmark were master
of both countries, so near one another, it would be to the
advantage of the Religion. And they think that if the
Polacker (who is like to be against rather than for Denmark)
is neutral, it would be an easy matter for him.

The K. and Q. return to Fontainebleau for the summer, to
the hindrance of poor suitors who live there at an excessive rate.

We hear that the Duke of Savoy only retains a-foot enough
men to keep the frontier towns instead of the Spaniards lately
recalled by that king. The bankers of Genoa are discontented
at his withdrawing half the assignations he had given them
upon Naples and Sicily. He is said to have intended to besiege
Marmora, near Alarache, for the better assuring of the conquest,
but is now diverted by an enterprise made against him by the
king of Morocco. There are great divisions among the nobles
of Naples.

Means have been made from hence to the States for the
repayment of the debt due by France to the King of England.
The States reply that they must have the consent of all the
Provinces. The Q. in the mean time orders 100,000 cr. to be
paid to them for a half-year's payment of the two French

78

regiments in their service, with further promises if they satisfy
the aforesaid instance.

The Chancellor is about to marry the Marquise of Espinay,
whereat de Puysieux, his son, hath taken such a strong conceit
that it is said to have distempered his health.

Berruyer is not yet arrived.

2 pp. IV, 135.

1611, May 31. Prague.— Offer by King Matthias to the
Passau troops, in spite of the unspeakable damage done by
them in Austria and Bohemia, and the punishment they have
richly deserved, of a full pardon, upon their taking oath, before
receiving the 170,000 florins agreed upon, and suitable passports,
not to seek or use himself, his kingdom and lands for 6 months,
to lay down their arms, to evacuate Cromaw and Budweiss and
all the places taken, and restore all munitions and food, without
plundering the citizens there.

l^pp. German. Misc. iii, 120.

Henry Bildkrbeck to William Trumbull.

1612, June 3. Cologne. — Commending to him the Barons de
Starenberg, leading gentlemen of Austria of the reformed faith,
who are going to Brussels.

\\ pp. French, viii, 28.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, May 25. o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of April 26, and
can only answer briefly as I am to go on horseback to meet
Sir John Digby three days journey hence, as he commanded
from St. Sebastian. The friend you recommend to me shall
be very welcome. All is very quiet here.

I p. XXI, 42.

From Prague.

1611, June 4. — The King of Boheme was crowned on
Whitmonday, a very rainy day. He left his palace for the
church at two in the afternoon, attended by Bohemian nobles,
officials and clergy. The mass lasted from 3 to 5. They then
sat down to a meal in the citadel, at three tables. The king,
the Spanish ambassador. Cardinal Diatristein, Archduke Charles,
brother of Leopold and the four bishops sat at the first. This
lasted until 9. A quantity of money was scattered. Great
salvoes of artillery were fired. The emperor is going from here
to live at Ratisbon, against the wishes of everybody. Amid
these great dissensions we know not what may happen.

\ page. Spanish. Copy. Misc. iii, 124,

79

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, May 26. Paris. — I have received both yours by Jaques
with the fardell and the other by Berruyer, who has great regard
for you.

De la Varenne is returned from Savoy with assurance that
the Duke will discharge his men. Those of Geneva have sent
away the strangers in their force, and we expect de la Noue
and de Bethune back from thence. I send copy of the accord
between the Duke and de la Varenne, which is not liked here,
as he engaged the Q. further by writing than he had charge
to do.

The Saumur Assembly began on the 24th. n.s. De Plessis
is chosen President, and to avoid competition between the
great ones, such as Bouillon and Sully, they are to take places
promiscuously as they come. They are limited as to their
trains, because some, as Sully and the D. of Rohan, brought
200 horse. De Boississe and de Bullion and another counsellor
have been sent by the Q. to have an eye on them.

There hath lately been here an Assembly of Dominicans.
Both the General, the Provincials and many learned men have
met from all parts of the world, even from both the Indies, to
hold their Chapter General, which hath made itself the more
famous by the solemn and high disputations, which every day
during their sitting have been handled there, whereat the K.
and Q. and the chief men of the Court have often assisted.
Amongst the which there was one or two of matters of State
rather than of Religion, and of special importance in this time
about some propositions which . . . had been put up for
the advantage of the Pope, maintaining his authority to be
above that of a General Council, which was so strongly opposed
. . . by some French doctors as that it turned rather, by
the success of the disputations and by the common judgment
of all the assistance, to the great disadvantage of his Holiness.
After the discussing of that thesis there was another . .
to prove that it belonged only to the Pope to define of the
Articles of Faith, and that he could not err therein. Which
proposition was so offensive as that to hinder the handling of
the same, the auditory was shut up by public authority one
day or two. Whereat the Nuncio did very much rage, and
made great complaint to his Chancellor, who being weary of
his importunities, . . . did rebuke him very sharply. . .
And now they begin to tax him to be Spanishly affected, so
that he is not likely to carry such a hand in business as hitherto.
There hath been stone-throwing at a Protestant funeral here.
Mr. Ottwell Smith is here.

21 pp. IV, 136.

John Dickenson to the Same.

1611, May 28. Dusseldorp. — Proposes to be at Cleve with
Hotman in a few days because it is not likely the Princes will

8Q

return to Dusseldorp in haste. Acknowledges letter of the 11th.
I p. XXII. 33a.

James I to the Archduke Albert.

1611, May 29. Greenwich palace. — Some of our subjects
have several times represented to us that though they have
on many occasions asked payment for certain sums of money
in which the Estates of the town of Bruges and the territory
of the Frank are bound to them, they have never been able to
obtain any satisfaction. One of these is Colonel Boid, who has
not only served the said Estates for a long time but has also
performed several noteworthy services for the late duke of
Parma when governor of the Low Countries for the king of
Spain. Since the services of this colonel fully deserve some
recompense, even if there were no other reason to ask it, we
have thought fit to ask you that right may be done him in
accordance with the contents of the bonds given to him and
the ordinances made thereupon so that he may not be con-
strained to seek his rights elsewhere than from you, to recover
the said debts and that we may not be led to do something so
displeasing to your subjects as to seize their goods in our
dominions. This in the assurance that you will so act that
our said subject may no longer have reason to complain of
injustice.

J p. copy. French. Misc. iii, 117.

James I to the Archduchess Isabella.

Recommending to her the case of Colonel Boid in the name
of the friendship which he counts upon on her side and which
he is desirous to keep up by all manner of reciprocal offices.

J p. copy. French. Misc. in, 117d.

Henry Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, June 9. Cologne. — I have yours of 27th. Matthias
was crowned on the day after Pentecost [May 23, N.s.] by
Cardinal Dietrichstain before the Nuntio, the Spanish Ambr.
the Duke of Legnitz and the Bishop of Breslau. The Dukes
of Brunswick and the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg were not
bidden to the ceremony or banquet. The Passauers will leave
the kingdom on receipt of 170,000/'Z. Althain is pardoned.
Sultz and Ramee are declared infames. Colonel Lucan is levying
2,000 of the said Passauers for Matthias. Haniwald has con-
fessed to 60 charges, any one of which is enough to hang
him.

The Emperor is to have 200,000/Z. yearly and to reside at
Pilsen. The D. of Brunswick has offered him a principality
in his duchy. The Electors want an assembly at Mulhausen
on Julv 7, o.s.

81

I send you the articles of the capitulation between Matthias
and the States of Bohemia, confirmed by the King before his
coronation.

1 p. French, viii, 30.

The same news on a separate sheet.
\ p. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 124.

Sir Dudley Carleton to Trumbull.

1611, May 31. o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's

Memorials, Vol iii, p. 277].
2^ pp. XV. 11.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement]. May 31. o.s. The Hague. — We are
deliberating to send an ambassage to Denmark to induce that
king by reason to compound his differents against Sweden,
but he is already engaged both by sea and land, and has besieged
Colmar in Sweden. He has taken two Dutch ships which from
Sweden were to pass the Sound, and cast the masters and
mariners into prison. It is true he had given warning, but
these ships were then out and could not receive notice. Sir
Grifiin Markham writes that the P. of Neuberg who is now
in Cleveland will shortly be here on his way to England and
thence to France. He does not brook the admission of the
D. of Saxony into possession of those countries, nor is he
satisfied about the administration of the Electorate, which
though the other do possess yet he holds him to be possessor
malae fidei. Barnevelt is mending. The States of Zeland are
expected about the end of this week to determine a different
about the payment of their contributions. Is Digby arrived
in Spain ?

2 J pp. XLVii, 33.

Abraham Williams to Trumbull.

1611, May 31. The Hague. — You will find by enclosed how
dead this place is at this time. ... I have not learned that
point of rhetoric to enlarge without matter.

I p. Misc. Ill, 123.

1611, May. Demands of the States of Bohemia of King
Matthias. — [There is a copy of this paper in S.P. Flanders,
Vol. X, f. 74, endorsed as enclosed with Trumbull's letter of
5 June].

Si pp. Latin, in Bilderbeck^s hand. Misc. iii, 121.

1611, May. Pacification between the Emperor and the King
of Hungary. — [There is a copy of this paper in S.P. Flanders,
Vol. X, f. 72, endorsed as enclosed with Trumbull's letter of
5 June].

II pp. Latin. Misc. in, 122.

Wt. 1818 Down. HI— 6

82

Speech of the Due de Sully at the Assembly
at Saumub.*

1611, May.

2f pp. copy. French. Misc. vi, 149.

Extract from the Acts of the General Assembly of the Reformed

Churches of France, convoked at Saumur by the King's

permission, May, 1611.

Ask the due de Sully, in treating for the recompense
promised to him for his offices, to insist on having it rather
in honour and safety than in profit and advantage and charges
the deputies of the churches to join with this to petition the
queen to give satisfaction to the due ; ask the due not to lay
down the charges which he still holds and those of the marquis
of Rosny, his son, notably that of grand master of the ordnance,
and to assist the due in all due and legitimate ways. Signed :
Philippe de Mornay, President Chamier adjoint and Josias
Mercier, secretary.

^ p. Copy. French. Attached to the preceding paper.
Misc. VI, 149.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, June 1. Paris. — I hope Mr. Hotman will pay the
carriage of this heavy packet for him. If he does not, " it
is your own fault to endure it." I am sure I gave you notice
of Peckius' return hence. He and my lo. have lived so together
that you should make acquaintance with him. Besides his
sufficiency we hold him here to be a very honest man. De
Quester, when he departed, was not sure of going to your parts,
and took the way of Rouen, so that it was useless to write by
him. He was very hospitably used by my lord.

The P. of Conde is still in Guyenne, and not very well received
there. The Count of Soissons hath purchased the County of
Drcux, and has gone to take possession. De Vitry has returned
from England, much afflicted for the loss of 20 horses, burnt at
Canterbury.

1 p. IV, 137.

Mr. Taverner to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], June 1. — ..." You know the Baronets
go forward, and that there are now some 50 have given their
names to perform the king's conditions of 2,000/. for the business
of Ireland, and they say there will 20 baroneys after be had
for 5,000/. a baron. There have happened since my being
here two irreconcilable quarrels and undeterminable. The
first between our General Cecill and Captain Horwood, who
have exchanged as much bitterness as rage and malice can think.

* Printed in tl>e Mercure Franfaia, Vol. ii, pp. 78-80.

88

The lie remaineth on Horwood who hath dared the general to
the sword. And he taketh the advantage of having been a
general to despise him and saith he will set a captain to him.
But the prince, whose servant Horwood is in the Privy Chamber,
and the opinion of the time are on Horwood's side. The prince
studieth to compound it, but the wrong is so great words cannot
satisfy it ; so it nuist rest till it be adjudged whether a general
and a captain may fight. The other and greater hath been
between the queen and my Id. of Rochester. On Monday last
Rochester and his dear 0\erbury, walking in the garden at
Greenwich whither the queen's window openeth, she broke into a
sudden and contemptible laughing at them. " So," saith she,
" they did at her," which belief carried her so far that she went
to the king with tears in her eyes and complained and besought
him that she might have right of them, which he not seeming to
be so sensible of as she hoped, she cast herself on her knees and
besought him not to suffer her to be so scorned and despised of
his grooms, though she were content to suffer it from him,
with earnest protestation that if he would not right her, she
would go back into Denmark. All this while the good king
much afflicted walked up and down the chamber. " Ah, woe
is me, my queen will go from me, my Carr, my Carr." But
doing nothing to content her. The next day she sent to the
prince to Richmond to entreat him, and so to the lords in
Whitehall to come to Greenwich to have the hearing of her
cause, where on Wednesday it was cunningly urged by her and
as confidently denied by them. The conclusion was, she finding
herself not able to supplant Carr, which she desireth of all
things in the world, turned all her force against Overbury,
against whom she hath so far pre\'ailed that he is banished from
the Court. But Rochester told the king if he woidd so far
give credit to the rage of a jealous woman to banish a faithful
and discreet servant for his friendship, which was the only fault
the queen could impute unto him, for his part he was resolute
to share with him in his fortune, banishment or whatsoever
it were. So the business yet hangs. Overburj^- is from Court,
here at his lodging by Whitehall, where Rochester and all men
almost visit him and my Id. of Pembroke, too.
2 pp. Seal. Misc. iii, 65.

Sir Edward Cecil to William Trumbull.

[1611, endorsement^ June 5. Utrecht. — Three months ago
I enclosed to you a letter to Ambassador Edmonds. I have
not since heard from you, and am doubtful of the delivery.
" Our Councils here are yet so unhappy as to have their motions
by the course of your side. . . I would gladly understand
what you have laid out for me, that if I be engaged to your
purse, I may give you satisfaction."

I p. Holograph. Misc. iii, 67,

84

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, June 5. London. — I have yours of May 22 and 29.

There is great contestation between our Civil and Common
Lawyers. The particular now sur le bureau is the High Com-
mission which my 1. Cooke, champion for the temporahties,
taxes to be unlawful, as not agreeable to the Common Law,
and that his Mat?- cannot maintain such a commission. The
Lords of the Council (having given the parties two solemn
audiences) are ready to hear them the third time, but will not
have the prerogative brought into dispute, and restrain the
question to this point whether the Act of Pari*- 1° Eliz. to that
purpose enables his Maty- to grant such commission. The
effect of the Act is that in matter of reformation of religious
and spiritual misdemeanours whatsoever authority the pope
had or ought to have exercised in the premises, all was trans-
ferred by that Act to the prince, who might accordingly grant
commissions. My 1. Cooke saith that howsoever those words
seem at first to make against them, yet the interpretation of
the Act belongeth unto them. To this the new archbishop
acerrimus sui iuris defensor, replies that eius est interpretare
cujus est condere. The first commission was drawn by a Common
Lawyer immediately after the Act was made. It was reviewed
by the Pari*-, and then ratified by the queen, in the same form
as now it is mutatis mundandis. My 1. Cooke saith howsoe^'er
the words of the patent run, they should not use it as now they
do. The archbP- replieth that the Patents are the king's letters,
and he must give his Mafy- leave to interpret his own letters ;
wherefore so long as their proceedings offend not his Maty-,
they should not be " chequered " by him. Now whilst these
things are a-doing, animosities are used on all hands. My 1.
Cooke sends prohibitions to the Commission upon all occasions,
and to release those that are burdened by them. It was Sir
Wm. Chauncie's chance to be unhappily bandied of late between
them both. Sir Wm. for a foul fact of incontinency was
censured by the High Commission to fine [s/c] lOOi. to the king,
to have forthcoming his maid se^^ ant with whom he had lived
loosely, for to do penance three several times, to allow his lady
160/. p. a. for maintenance, and to lie in prison till he had
performed the censvire. My 1. Cooke by a habeas corpus set
him at liberty, but the archbP- by an especial warrant from the
king caused the sheriffs of London to take Sir Wm. out of his
lodgings and to carrj' him vi et armis to Lambeth, from whence
he was committed to the Gatehouse, until he submitted to his
Grace, and took order for the performance of the sentence.
The people generally affect the Common Law ; his Maty- is
pleased for to countenance the Ecclesiastics. After the lords
shall have heard them once more, the king will sit in person
to determine the different. And I hope, without respect to
either party that the sentence may be in reipublicae bonum quod
in ea omnes omnium charitates sunt complexae.

85

Next to this different, the common discourse is of Baronets,
whose number is limited to 200 and their contribution to 1,100Z.
I thought this dignity would not be much affected at so dear
a rate, but now I find the power of ambitious wives passes my
understanding. Twenty Patents are already passed, and many
more are suitors.

You have seen the project of our general commerce. In the
wiser judgments it is presumed to prove a mere abortive.

I send you a bill for 70/. I ha\'e sent to your tailor and
brewers to fetch their money, and then I think some money
will be left in my hands. I return Mr. Serle's account which
hath cleared our different. I have not received any of your
fees, partly by the backwardness of the officers in paying,
partly for the subsidy.

Of Virginia we began to conceive great hope until Sir G.
Sommer's death was seconded by my 1. Delaware's unseasonable
return. Of the Sp. I think there is little fear, for Virginia
produceth nothing precious, and that little which is thought to
be in the Baramuthes there hath more hazard in the search than
it is worth. Of this Mr. Monger will speak with you, neither
should the king much need to expand of his own treasure to
revenge any wrong offered in that kind. He should need do
no more than with letters of reprisal to let loose nos bans
leuuriers de marchants who have edge and means enough to
course them for these and former wrongs.

For your extraordinaries nothing can be done till you return.
There is an intent to reward all agents at once to avoid the
jealousies incident to men of your profession.

The lords will not consult about your successor till the
archduke's amb"'- appear, as well to avoid competition (for
now an embassy is counted a reward) as to save the charges
of a large advance, for as soon as he is elected, he shall be
dispatched away.

We understand one German Staple shall remove from Stoad
to Hamburg. Your old friend Rob. de Barre, Burgemachy
and three others are lately taken " tardy " in offering to
steal in the value of 8,000L of silk wares, in a mackerell boat
from Calais hither.

The Count of Neuburg is not expected here this summer.

Your servant will tell you of her Maf'* just offence taken
at viscount Rochester, or rather Sir Thomas Overbury's uncivil
demeanours towards her.

You will wonder at my lady Arbella's escape. If she arrive,
on your coast, it will cut you out some work. I send you 4
books, 2 from Mr. Sansouer, and 2 from myself. You will
see by the enclosed proclamation how his Majesty will afresh
tie all his subjects' conscience by an oath.* The best bond of
all is love.

* Proclamation oJ the 31 May for administering the oath of allegiance. Steele :
Tudor and Stuart Proclamations, Vol. i, p. 131, no. 1112.

86

I send this by Mr. Monger who promiseth to " lay aside his
Cripplegate, and set the best leg forward."
5 pp. XXXII, 18.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1611, June 6. Whitehall. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 278].
li pp. XXXVI, 26.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, June 16. Cologne. — I have yours of the 4th. From
Prague I hear that the emperor is packing up, and going to
Ratisbon. He suggests that the relaxation of the oath of
fidelity was extorted from him. He would like to be asked
to remain at Prague. The bishop of Vienna, Gloesel, claims
to have found a way to banish the devil of dissension between
the brothers. All the troops are licensed, and yet they spread
a report that the whole empire is in arms to restore the emperor
to his throne in Bohemia.

I am assured from Basle that Savoy, and the Genevese and
Bernese have disbanded most of their troops.

Letters for Hotman and Dickenson may still be addressed
to me. I think they are still at Dusseldorp.

1 p. French, viii, 76.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, June 7. Paris. — I have yours of May 27th, and of
31st by Mr. Martens. He will go with his company to see
the K. and Q. at Fontainebleau and return to you. The reply
to the Apologetical ansiver to the Anticoton is not yet out. Your
news of the difficulties about Mathias' coronation is confirmed
by letters from Germany, but it has been performed. I do not
understand about the discovery made at Arnham, nor do you
express the occasion of Peckius' going to Holland.

A gentleman has come from Saumur to the Q. to complain
of an infraction of their edict newly committed. 1 wrote to
you that de Senevieres, governor of Chastillon-sur-l'Indre,
lately converted, was sent from hither to answer about fortifi-
cations made in that town since the king's death. An arrest
of the Council ordered them to be pulled down, the execution
being committed to Bouillon at his departure for Saumur, which
he committed to the son of de Souvray, governor of Tours,
who permitted the inhabitants to demolish the new fortifications,
and also the old ones, even the gates and drawing bridge. This
the Protestants impute to be done in spite at the governor's
conversion. Sully is yielding place to Bouillon. Some of the
Assembly ai"e said to show little affection to the K.'s service ;
possibly because they stand more stiffly upon maintaining their
privileges.

87

D'Espernon increases the suspicion of the Protestants at his
entertaining men at Xaintonge by publicly providing arms and
munitions, having drawn them by waggons from hence.

Those who made a commotion against a Protestant funeral
on Trinity Simday have been condemned to be whipped, but
have appealed to the Parliament. The king's procurator in
the Bastille also appeals against the sentence as being too mild,
and is like to prevail.

2 pp. IV, 138.

R. Kyrkham to William Trumbull.

1611, June 7 [endorsement]. — This is " a postscript to that
which should have been added in the letter concerning the lady
Arbella — that if she conies not thither, you should forbear to
deliver the king's letter " or speak of it.

The ratification is sealed but it has been thought fit not to
fix any other writings with it. The French have done other-
wise. I should like to know from you whether they think it
not sufficient, " being in the Instrument itself." The king
takes notice of those papers.

Postscript. — I thank you for remembering me to him whom
you expect shortly from hence. . . If it will not be long, he
shall bring the ratification.

1 p. Seal. Misc. in, 125.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

[1611], June 8. o.s. Dusseldorp. — We hear of nothing done
at Cleve, but Hotman and I cannot long defer our journey.
Neuburg seems to ' bransle ' about visiting Holland, England
and France, having understood that it were better he spared
his pains. He is still averse from approving the treaty of
Guterboghe and hinders his father's ratification. Latet unguis
in herba, else perhaps he would not be obstinate.

1 J pp. XXII, 34.

Lord Roos to William Trumbull.

1611, June 9. London. — Thanking him for many kindnesses.
The money lent shall be paid at the day.
I p. Holograph. Misc. in, 126.

William Trumbull to [the Lord Treasurer,
Robert, Earl of Salisbury].

1611, June 11. Brussels. — It was Sunday about 11 of the
clock in the forenoon ere I received your 1. packet of the 6th
of this month, enclosing a letter from his Maf- to the arch"*-
who is yet remaining at Marimont. Immediately after it came
to my hands I took post horses and rode to the Court where I
found the arch"*- so troubled with a wrench in his foot, which
he had got in hunting, as I could not have access unto him until

88

Monday between 10 and 11 of the clock, before dinner at which
time he gave me private audience. I did first according to the
custom of this ceremonious Court salute the arch"*- from his
Maty-, and then delivered unto him the aforesaid letter of
credence. Afterwards I told him that his Mat^- had commanded
me to repair thither to acquaint him with the escape of his
Maf'' kinswoman the 1. Arbella and of Mr. Seymer her
husband out of England, deducing unto him at large all the
particulars of that unhappy incident, as they are expressed in
his Mat^'^ letters and your 1. instructions, adding thereunto
that he was a Sovereign Prince over many subjects, and had
the reputation to be a lover of justice and of peace, so I prayed
him in his equanimity with due judgment to weigh how much
this business imported his Maty- and the quiet of his state in
particular, and in consequence touched both the sovereignty
of the arch^- himself and of all other princes in common
which undoubtedly must lose a great part of their wonted
reputation, if offenders in this kind should be received and
harboured in his dominions of their neighbours and allies
and the world would shortly be induced thereby to conceive
that these countries were a receptacle and sanctuary for all
kinds of offenders. I told him that now he had fair opportunity
offered him, which might both prevent all sinister interpre-
tations of his proceedings, gratify his Mat^-, and confirm in
all men an assurance of his honourable dealings. And therefore
I prayed him very earnestly in his Mat^'* name that according
to the treaties of peace and amity between the Crown of Great
Britain and these provinces he would in this conjuncture look
carefully to the punctual observation of them, and howsoever
it might seem unto him that by the literal sense and nice inter-
pretation of the covenant between them he was not precisely
bound to the performance of that which was now required,
yet that his Mat^- did now promise himself the arch^- would
supply all such defects, if there were any, out of the abundance
of his affection towards him, out of his love to the common
quiet, and neglect of such persons as will violate their promises
and oppose themselves to the commandments of their sovereign.
" The arch"*- answered first that he thanked his Mat^- very
much for his good remembrance of him, commanding me to
return the Uke office of kindness to his Maty- for the same, and
to assure him that as he did much esteem his Maty'^ friendship
so he would by all means endeavour to cherish and increase it,
as the effect should witness when the occasion might occur.
He said tliat he did remain astonished with that which I had
related unto him, because of the lady Arbella's escape, before
my coming thither, he had not heard anything of this matter,
and, as it seemed by his words, took it well at my hands to have
brought him the first news thereof, adding que tendria prevenido
todo lo que seria avenester en este caso* and professed that he

* Who could have foreseen all that might happen in this case ?

89

would not only in this particular punctually observe the stipu-
lations and treaties between our kingdoms and that state, but
that in all other things he would endeavour to make demon-
stration of his love and goodwill towards his Maf- and as far
as it lay in his power to give his Mat^- content and satisfaction.
That he would the next morning send men by the conveyance
of his secretary Prats an answer in writing to his Mat^''^ letter
and if those persons should happen to come into his dominions
(of whose arrival he then knew nothing) he would deliberate
what course was fittest to be taken with them. In the mean
while I desired him that letters miglit be written to the governor
of the frontiers and Port towns to make staj- them if they
should enter into the place of their government, which he granted
unto me, and would have caused them to be dispatched while
I was at the Court but that Manciscidor was absent who hath
the charge of all such directions as concern the army or men
of war. And to say the truth I found the arch"*- in all outward
appearance very well inclined to fulfil his Mat*''^ demands, but
I am not able to judge whether the council of the Spaniards
or the ministers of Rome (who no doubt shall be consulted in
this business) are able to alter or change his resolution. And
the late example of his carriage towards the F. king in the case
of the P. of Conde doth give me cause to fear that he will not
make say [? stay] of them, but underhand give them warning
to withdraw themselves either to Liege or Cullen for their omu
safety and the avoiding of his Maf'^ indignation. I have not
yet had any means to learn what is become of those fugitives
and their train, neither was there yesterday any speech at the
Court of their landing or what course they had taken. It is
most likely they will keep themselves secret in some of the
English monasteries or other lurking places until they may
send to the ai-ch"*- to know his pleasure towards them."
2^ pp. Draft. Min. i, 89.

Secretary Prats to William Trumbull.

1611, June 21. — Here is the reply of his Highness to the letter
of the king of Great Britain. If you will speak to the baron of
Haverquerque he will inform you of the intention of his Highness
on the subject of your letters which I have received to-day.

I p. French. Misc. iii, 76.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1611, June 13. Whitehall. — You received last week from me
a despatch with letter enclosed from H.M. to the archdukes
concerning the lady Arbella, and a direction not to present it
except she and Mr. Seymour came into those parts. The lady
hath been stayed and brought back, but Mr. Seymour escaped
in another bark.

You are to deliver H.M.'s letter to the archdukes if Seymour
come thither, and to insist that he be remanded.

do

During his stay you are to observe how he is received, what
course he shall resolve on, or what they advise him to, and to
advertise me from time to time.

You shall now receive H.M.'s ratification from the prince of
Epinoy. It mentions those other writings which will be as
sufficient as if the Great Seal had been fixed to them.

Ij pp. XXXVI, 27.

William Trumbull to [the Lord Treasurer,
Robert, Earl of Salisbury].

1611, June 14. Brussels. — I doubt not that long before this
time your 1. hath understood by Michael de Coster . . . that
Mr. Seymer, accompanied only with one Mr. Rodney and two
servants, landed at Ostend on Friday last the 6th and took his
journey by Bruges and Gaud to this town, where he arrived on
Thursday evening and lodged himself in an obscure inn over
against I'Hostel d'Oranges. He was first discovered by this
bearer, Henry Ballam, at Alost, as he was passing into Flanders
with direction from me to enquire after the lady Arbella, and
followed by him thither. After I had notice of his being here,
I repaired to Mons^^- Grisper, Premier Conseilleur du Counseil
Prive, to acquaint him with the commission I had received
from his Maf- to pray the arch"*- in his name that he would not
only oppose their passage through these countries, but also
retain them here until his Mat^- might signify his further
pleasure, pressing him by all manner of reasons to do this good
office to his Mat^- which so much imported the common amity
and quiet of his State. He answered that for his part he was
willing to do anything he could for his Mat^-, but in this
particular he desired me to excuse him because without order
from the arch"!- he had no power to meddle in this business,
and in the end addressed me to Monsr. de Venesis, a councillor
of state to the archdukes and their chief of finances, to whom
I went forthwith, making the like remonstrance to him, and
received the same answer. And because I would leave nothing
undone which might advance his Mat*"' service, next morning,
as soon as I knew where Mr. Seymer lodged, I went to the
auditor general (who in September is to come to England) and
prayed him to make stay of them until I could send a post to
the archdukes informing them of all that had passed, and
receive his answer. This was similar to those of the others.
I protested to him, as I had to the rest, that now that I had
performed my duty, they should be answerable, and not myself,
for all such inconveniences as might arise out of their negligence.
I then sent a post to the Court and informed the archd. of Mr.
Seymer's being here, desiring order to his ministers for the
stay of Seymer, remaining here myself to observe what way
Seymer would bend his courses. About 4 in the morning I
redoubled my letters to the Archd., and at 9 sent this bearer
to secretary Pratz at the Court to mediate the archduke's

91

answer, where he stayed till 3 of the afternoon and returned
witli the said secretar\''s letter which I enclose. Next morning
they sent me this letter from the archd. to his Maf-, with
directions to repair to Monsr. Agenesis to know the archduke's
pleasure. He told me that his Altesse, not having then received
other notice of Mr. Seymer's and the la. Arbella's being in
these parts than that which had been signfied by me, he could
not believe that my informations were in all points true, and
would not give command to stay them till he heard from de
A'enesis whether they were here or no, what their design was,
and whether they purposed to stay in his dominions, or go
further which he said he would do with all diligence. I pressed
him to make stay of Seymer for a day or two, until I might
go to the Court and speak to the archd. myself, but he would
only say that he woidd use his best persuasions towards Seymer
to remain here till he might write to the archd. And knowing
that Seymer was about to retire to Liege, I was forced to
let them run their own course, which ha^'e now drawn a
promise from Seymer that he will either stay here or go no
further than Marimont to kiss their hands. But fearing lest
a Jesuit or other ill-affected English should seize upon
Seymer, and by their enchantments lead him blindfold to his
perdition, I thought it right (following the example of the
French minister's in the case of the P. of Conde) to go and see
him myself. I told him I was sorry to find him in these parts
in that unfortunate condition, which he had drawn upon his
own head by his offences and the abandoning of his country
without leave, representing unto him the abundance of his
Maf'*^ clemenc}', and the miserable estate of such as has
formerly run the like course, and desired him to continue his
loyalty to his Mat^. He protested that he did not desire to
live any longer than he should continue a faithful subject.
He sought to palliate his fault with the pretence of liberty, and
said he desired to return home. He could not write to your
1. by reason of his distraction as well for his own exile as for
his pains to know what was become of his lady. I enquired
where he meant to settle, and how he would employ his time.
He said he could not yet resolve of any place of abode, for fear
the arch, might seize his person, but if he coidd hear of any
such thing he would retire into some other country, letting
his friends in England and myself have notice thereof. I left
him, and have since been informed that he intended to go first
to Marimont and then to Liege. As soon as I have sent away
this post and know the certainty of Seymer's proceedings, I
will follow him to the Court, and attempt once more whether
the archduke will stay him here until I may send to England.
They are not willing to retain Seymer here, both for the avoiding
of charge and his M.'s displeasure, but I am confident that
if they find any inclination in his Mat^- to have him back again,
they will pour faire valoir leur marchandise afford him their

92

best endeavour for the making of his peace. If otherwise, they
will let him depart their countries notwithstanding our
opposition. Monsr. de Preaux, the Fr. Ambr., at the entreaty
of his colleague Monsr. de Byssieux, hath been forward to aid
me in this occasion, both by advice and other means. He
should be thanked through the Fr. Ambr. in England.

3| pp. Draft. The last sheet of this letter is in S.P. Flanders,
Vol. X, f. 83. Min. i, 90.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, June 15. Paris. — The ordinary went yesterday afore
our return from Fontainebleau, but I write by Mr. Martens.
This afternoon I have yours of the 7th. Mons"'- del Thiron's
letter I have left with an agent of his to be sent to Normandy ;
or to be delivered to his brother. That to Colonel Uslar I have
delivered personally. I can promise him little.

The Q. seemeth well satisfied with the proceedings at Saumur.
De Boississe and de Bullion declared to the Assembly the Q.'s
affection, exhorting them to carry themselves as good subjects,
and they entreated them to bring the business to a speedy end,
and to nominate six persons among them, whereof the Q. should
choose two, to be resident here with her during the Assembly,
with their memorials and instructions. For this nomination
of six they required time. At the opening of the Assembly
the oath was renewed by all Deputies, to maintain the union
among themselves, for secrecy as to what should be resolved,
and for not departing thence till all things were concluded for
which they had met. As to the second of these a Minister of
Provence stood up, and said that it was in vain to propound
any such oath, because divers among them had taken money,
and been corrupted to reveal what should pass. Whereupon
they begged him, since he professed to know them, to declare
what they were, and he named openly two or three which were
absent, and for those present he said it was needless to name
them, since with the casting of an eye they could be discerned,
saying that he had been offered money, but had refused it.
Sully at one meeting declared that his enemies, not content
with the harm they had done him, did go about to prosecute
him further and ruin him ; desiring therefore that he might
be assisted by them, and maintained by the Edict in all his
honours, which they promised him to do. Lest Pere Gontier
should continue his sermons against the Protestants, he hath
been sent for a while to Lorraine, to vomit with less scandal
and danger his venom against them. The occasion of my
lord's going to the Court was about the admirable escape of my
la. Arbella and Mr. Seymour out of prison, in case they had
landed in France. The lady has been taken back to London,
and we have no news of Seymour, but suppose him harboured
in some of your towns, under the charitable shadow of the
Spanish wing, which is like to prove an irritamentum between
England and those princes.

93

We hear of an accident at Thurin, in disgrace of the French-
men which are there yet in good number with the duke
of Nemours. One day as the d. of Savoy was in his
lodging, resting on his bed, there sprang up a rumour that he
was dangerously hurt by a Frenchman. On this the citizens
were presently in arms, clamouring against the French, and
pitifully handled some of them, afore the duke could appear
and ease the rage of his subjects by showing himself. He
promised 6,000 ducats reward to him who should reveal the
author of the imposture. To give the queen better satisfaction
he hath also sent a secretary, one Trouillon, to her. By that
you may see what friends our nation hath in that Court. The
duke has been brought to agree and. wait for the marriage until
the king's majority upon a promise to receive the same
advantages which he might have expected therefrom, and
hath demanded a pension of 100,000cr. for himself and two
companies of ordnances entertained for his two sons.

The duke of Nemours, who was betrothed to the d. of
Aumale's younger daughter (a very fair gentlewoman) hath
lately written to her that the d. of Savoy insists on his marrying
his youngest daughter. Whereat the duchess of Aumale
who, for an earnest of the said duke's affection, and of the
effecting of his contract, was already lodged with her daughter
in his house here, is grown almost desperate. Both the dukes
have entreated the Q. to consent to the Savoy match, which
yet few think that the father means to perform.

The prince of Conde, who is on his journey to Guyenne, sent
word to those of St. Jean d'Angely, that he desired to perform
there the funerals of his father who died there. Those of
Rochelle have asked the Assembly to send back their governor,
one of the deputies, to look to the safety of the town.

De Preigny, governor of Amiens, is dead. The government
is thought to be assured to the Marquis d'Ancre, who had
lately offered 400,000/r. unto him for it. Those of the town
are unwilling to receive him, and the Count of St. Paul has
taken the citadel. Mons^- de Commartin hath been sent to
demand his meaning. On Monday next the K. and Q. return
to receive the duchess of Lorraine. The rain has come, by the
miraculous intervention of St. Genevieve, who was taken down
and carried abroad in solemn procession, which is never used
but in great extremity. The oats and barley which were
almost dead are now revived, and this year, which so long
threatened a famine in the next, puts us in hope of a plentiful
harvest.

My lo. hears that the good lady Wood is to marry old lo.
Gray. To avoid that she had long been offered to come and
live here, but preferred her liberty.

4 pp. IV, 139.

94

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, June 15. The Hague. — A perpetual peace has been
concUided between the Count of Eastfriesland and the town
of Enibden. It is in print, and shall be sent to you.

I p. Misc. Ill, 127.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, June 19. Paris. — The Assembly at Saumur draweth
to a close, having pleased the Q. and the State here by their
moderate carriage. She hath however taken exception to
words pretended to have been used by some of the inferior
sort among them that if their edicts were not fully maintained
they must have recourse to the king of England. Whereof
the Q. and de Villeroy complained to my lo. amb'. But I
have been assured that the words were not used and it was a
malicious suggestion of the Jesuits. The Q. is also offended
with those of Geneva for sending one Diodati, a minister there,
to the Assembly to thank them for their protection in their
late occasions. This, she said, belonged to her and the State.
But the agent of Geneva showed that they had already
discharged their duty towards her. And the man they had
sent to the Assembly had been above 4 months in France about
the collection which was making for them. De Boississe and
de Bullion have returned, and are to be followed by four
deputies of the Assembly sent to the Q. with their demands
which are only to have their late edict observed.

Ue Souvray the young king's governor, a grave and ancient
gentleman, is to give up his place, by reason of his age and
because the king finds him stiff and peremptory in his humour.

The duke of Nemours is to pay Md"^- d'Aumale 200,000 /r.
besides the 6,000cr. which he is to pay presently.

The prince of Conde hath written submissively to the Queen,
promising to return.

The intended match between the Ct. Palatine and the Princess
grows to a great deal of length because of the slowness of the
Germans, who are so dull and tedious that they often lose the
fairest occasions, as I fear may happen unless the king do frame
his patience to their dullness.

1^ pp. IV, 140.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury, to Wiliam Trumbull.

1611, June 20. Whitehall.— [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 282].
2| pp. XXXVI, 29.

H. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1611, June 30. Cologne. — I have yours of 18th. The duke
[of Savoy] seems to be hatching mischief in making new levies
on pretence of embarking troops at Nice against the Barbary

95

infidels. I think he is aiming elsewhere. Although Mathias
is crowned and the Emperor going to live at Ratisbon, it seems
that the latter means to retain his dignity, for the Bohemians,
seeing that Mathias has no great wish to reside at Prague but
to return to Vienna, and that the emperor is quite resolved
to go to Ratisbon, and that by the absence of the two the
towns of Prague, which have under the favour of the Court
always been flourishing, will decline, and further that the
States of Bohemia by the deposition of the Emperor have
brought upon them the hatred of all the Imperial Princes,
they (the Estates) will repent and think twice, if they can.
They are trying now to keep the Emperor at Prague, offering
to grant all he asked before the coronation except the govern-
ment in which he cannot take part. He refused to agree to
anything, saying he has left the whole matter to the empire.
If they left him the government, he would no doubt stay and
end his days there. In that case he would change the " style "
of government as he has already done with his officers, many
of whom he has licensed, and substituted others of the reformed
religion in their room.

The College of Electors meets on July 17 at Mulhausen. The
emperor sends thereto a bellissima ambassade, the chief of whom
is the Landgrave Maurice of Hessen. His object is no doubt
to gain the hearts of the Protestant Princes. He has heard
that the Landgrave, learning at Gutersbock that the Bohemians
wanted to depose the emperor, has spoken strongly against
them. They will have a plenty of scandalous affairs to deal
with.

The Spaniards are also sore that Mathias contemplates
marriage with Ferdinand's daughter, fearing issue thereof, for
they openly boasted that on the death of the Emperor and his
brothers they would secure the succession of the House of
Austria, and bar that of Gratz. This is why they leave no
stone unturned to prevent Mathias being King of the Romans
with [?] Albert and after Albert, the king of Spain's son.
These are intrigues of the Spaniards to return to the empire.

3 pp. French, viii, 77.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.
1611, June 21. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, page 283].
3 pp. XV, 12.

A[nthony] Wither to William Trumbull.

1611, June 22 [endorsement]. — Mr. Brownlow intends to
accompany Mr. Choram on Sunday morning to Macklinn to
meet Mr. Monger and his associate, but if you come here to-
morrow I will accompany you in that other journey or meet
you at Mackhnn with the rest. If Mr. Wack be not gone for
Lovaigne, let your man carry this letter to him.

^ p. Misc. Ill, 128.

96

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, June 23, o.s. Madrid. — By yours of May 25 I learn
what and who Rodenburg is. There is no fear of a sudden
attempt by the State against Virginia at least for some years.
They do not wish to fall out with the king, our master, and are
not able to send thither three galleons. Those they l^uilt at
the Havana are brought to Cadiz, but are unfit for sea ; those
built at Dunkirk, besides that they have not a mariner for them,
are spoilt for want of care. Mr. Calley hath hitherto collected
but 5,000 ducats only of his whole pretensions. Tlie coming
of Digby hath revived his hopes. His lo. will deal effectually
for him, and may strike a good stroke at his first coming. He
hath had his audience with the K. and Q. and the prince. The
king's horses were brought for him and all his people — above
50 in number. He was accompanied on horseback by many
gentlemen of the king's Chamber. He was well received. He
seems a very noble gentleman, of much ability. His fashion
towards me hath already enforced me to love him. I am sorry
that he is employed in this unhappy country, where he shall
reap no honour nor give contentment. His lady is also here,
attended with the gentlewoman whom you recommended,
great with child. So worthy a lady ; it is pitiful she should
suffer so much penance as this country and people will impose
on her.

Senor Prada is dead but his place not yet bestowed. Spinola
is not yet a grandee, tliough sent for to Aranjuez to put on
his hat. He only assists in the Council without likelihood of
other employment.

Lerma would not suffer my lo. amb''- to give him the first
visit, but came to this house and passed two hours in com-
munication with him, an extraordinary favour. I am to
remain till my lo. is able to proceed without my help, but hope
to be in England before Michaelmas, after six years and four
months.

3 pp. XXI, 43.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.
1611, July 3. Dusseldorp. — Asks pardon for not writing
more as he is in bed with a tertian fever.
I sheet. French, xxvii, 96.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement^ June 25. o.s. The Hague. — I know
you have had the alarm of the flight of the two prisoners. I
wish the advertisement were come to you of the apprehension
of the lady before the delivery of your letter to the archduke.

We lately had here the Landgrave of Hessen's eldest son
who is gone to England for 5 or 6 weeks. In his return he will
visit Brussels. We expect your Amb'- Peckius and Maas and
believe though chaff be their errand, drink they would. For

97

the Pensionary of Antwerp and Burgomaster of Brussels, when
they were upon the point of conchision of the negotiation,
suddenly broke off, pretending their revocation and so departed,
whereupon sith others so immediately are to be sent, men of
greater quality and ability, we conclude, and so it is advertised
from divers parts, that they are to make an overture for a peace,
whereunto if the States will hearken, and it may be believed
they will, Spinola is to return, on whose judgment and trust
Spain will repose the charge and burden of that business.

Count Maurice is at Breda. We expect his return early next
week. Barnevelt is yet at Ammersfort, daily amending.

2 pp. XLVii, 34.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1611, June 27. Whitehall. — By your last of 19th you wrote
that Mr. Seymour doth find but little encouragement for his
stay there, of which I expected you would have written more
.certainly than only to touch it en passant, because you know it
doth not appear by your letter now, that the archduke is resolved
to be constant in this course, nor have received any formal
answer from him, saving only that which was contained in his
letter which bore date before he had notice that Mr. Seymour
was arrived there ; and therefore though you are not to press
the archduke for performance of H.M.'s first demand, if you
find it either past time or find him to stand upon any terms of
disputation what he ought to do in such a case, yet H.M. should
be advertised from him, either by you or by his own letter, what
he hath done and means to do, so it is also fit, whensoever you
write, that you follow the instructions I gave you in advertising
what becomes of him, more particularly not for any such
consequence that can depend upon his person, being but a cadet
of a House, and a science [? scion] from a stock blast with a note
of illegitimation, but because the knowledge of his courses may
be of some use in respect of other circumstances.
1-2 pp. XXXVI, 28.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, July 7. Cologne. — Your last was of June 25. The
emperor licensed the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg with 100,000/7.
assigned on the Imperial contributions. Next day he changed
his mind, and sending for le Sr. MoUart whom he had ordered
to inform the Landgrave of his donation, told him that if
he had not already informed the Landgrave, he was not to do so.
I do not know the result.

Next day the Landgrave, instigated by the Spanish
Ambassador and the nuncio, although he had had his conge,
returned to the Council while the d. of Brunswick was presiding.
Those present were the Duke, the Landgrave of Leuchenberg,
Dona, Barvitio, MoUart, Hannibalt, HagemuUer, Mincowitz
and Wacker. The question was whether the emperor was to

Wt. 121« Down. Ill— 7

08

accept the agreement with Mathias, or refer the whole matter
to the empire, which was discussed for four hours. The Land-
grave with his followers said the emperor ought to come to terms
with Mathias for the following reasons : —

1. They were assured that all that Mathias had done had
the consent of the majority of the electors ;

2. That the emperor could expect no assistance from the
empire, and would better come to honourable terms
with Mathias, that being safe, and the other doubtful ;

3. That the emperor was in the hands of Mathias and the
Bohemians and non esse invitandos crabrones ;

4. That in future Mathias would take care not to offer
such honourable conditions.

To all this Brunswick replied and supported the negative,
carrying the decision that the whole should be referred to the
empire. The resolution was put on paper to be sent to the
elector of Mayence, as Arch Chancellor of the empire, but the
Spaniards and nuncio did their duty so well that up to the^
June 25 his Majesty had not subscribed thereto.

The Spaniards for 200,000cr. have secured for their master
the investiture of the Marquisat of Finale near Genoa.

The Spanish Ambassador was having a superb livery made
at Prague, from which it is presumed that he means to attend
the meeting at Mulhausen, to which also the Administrator of
the Palatinate will go, and the duke of Neubourg in the same
quality.

Monsieur a Colli, the Administrator's Ambassador, had
arrived at Prague, but had as yet had no audience of the emperor.

3 pp. French, viii, 78.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, June 28. o.s. Venice. — I have yours of the 15th. I
heard of the flight of the two lovers, but the apprehension of
the lady was not then known at our Court. I think young
Seymer will quickly wish himself again in the Tower, where
he was well provided for and I know no danger to be feared by
him unless our Jesuits make him a stale for their practises. . . .
I pray God the question betwixt 58 and 69 who should laugh
first do not end in tears, which is to be doubted, seeing it was
followed with so much violence. The other quarrel betwixt
the general and the captain is more likely to liave a good end.*

1 p. XV, 13.

Samuel Calvert to the Same.

1611, June 28. [London]. — Apologises for not having written
for a long time. " I rather wish you at home that I might
consult you for my comfort and conversation "... the
attendance upon my city masters hath been so great that I
have almost lost my friends for want of visits.

1 p. XIV, 43.

* For these allusions see Tavemer's letter ot 1 Jvme at page 82 above.

99

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, June 28. London. — Our tongues and ears have been
so long busy about the lady Arbella and your wandering esquire,
that now we care no more about that subject. His wandering
up into Germany is here little regarded, for the greatest harm
he can do is to slip in again from whence he went. The lady
Shrewsbury (who had amassed a great sum of money we know
not to what ill use) is in the Tower, perhaps for as long a time
as her niece. The good earl is found untainted with her faults,
but forbears the Coimcil table for her sake. I told Mr. Bingley
this morning that you had touched no money for your fee this
year and more. For the present the exchequer cannot afford
payments of that nature and my lord Treas. hath given him
express order to surcease all such payments for a while. There
are now almost 100 Baronets.

My lady Bodley died 14 days since. The archbP- was sworn
of the Council on Monday. The d. of Savoy's Amb'- is again
on his way hither.* The C. of Neuburg will not be diverted
from his intended journey.

1 p. XXXII, 24.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, July 10. Diisseldorp. — I have been ill of a tertian
fever for three weeks. I have yours of June 25. The marquis
Ernest has suddenly gone to Berlin. I cannot find out the
cause, though he writes that it is very important. At Juliers
and Duren five or six soldiers, mostly of Luxembourg, have been
taken, on suspicion of a design on those towns on the part of
Reuschenberg, who is now in despair at the confiscation of his
property. The Electoral diet at Mulhausen is to be on the
12th. The Landgrave Maurice is pressed by all his friends to
accept the commission given by the emperor to him and the
bishop of Spire to appear in his name. I do not expect much
result from it because of the rivalry between the two Palatines,
and because the emperor seriously opposes the intrigue of
Mathias, which is favoured only by the Protestant party. The
United will meet at Rothenburg a few days before, according
to de Plessen and Buwinkhausen. Pass this on to Edmondes.

1 p. French, xxvii, 97.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 1. Paris. — I have your two letters of June 20,
with enclosed for my lo. and Berruyer, who is still in Normandy,
this letter I delivered to his l)rother.

We expect to ha^ e the Archduke's answer and entertainment
to Mr. Seymour. We would be glad to have the accord between
the Count of Friesland and Embden, and what you hear of the
new motion of peace between Spain and Holland. For the

* Claudio BufBa, count of Cartignana.

100

election of your prince to the Roman Empire, we hold it unlikely,
matters being gone so far for K. Mathias, although perhaps the
emperor to revenge himself against the said king will stir all
means to keep him from it.

Since the arrival of the deputies from Saumur, there hatli
been almost no business but many councils and conferences.
Now de Boississe, de Bullion and de Phelippeaux, a secretary
of state, are joined in commission to hear the demands of tlie
deputies, but the latter only desire to have the articles of the
Edict entirely observed, because many of them had been cut
off in the King's time. But here they are unwilling to grant
them any enlargement of their privileges. To authorise that
resolution the Q. hath called for the Princes and officers of the
Crown to be present, so that the business is not like to be so
soon dispatched. The Q. nevertheless by the reports of de
Boississe and de Bullion seems satisfied with the carriage of
the Assembly. Only Sully's speech and remonstrance she hath
distasted, Avith the answer thereupon made to him, showing
still to be ill-affected towards him. For because he has gone
to his government of Poitou, they have taken such an occasion
of jealousy as though he were gone to execute some design upon
some town there, and order hath been sent to all the towns to
make good guard in their gates, because the Huguenots were
reported to have some enterprises in hand, whereby many towns
have taken alarm and been moved against those of the Religion.
The speech mentioned in my last about recoiu-se to the King
of England hath been found an impostiu-e. As to the insolence
at a funeral, two of the offenders have been whipped.

Conde is at Bordeaux, and is expected here for the consul-
tation about the Protestants. At his going to Bordeaux
d'Espernon, to receive him with honour in Angoiileme and
Limosin, gathered the nobility thereof to meet him, which the
Prince interpreting to be done out of ostentation and to disgrace
his smaU company, avoiding those parts went by Perigord.

By reason of rencontres and frays in the streets since the Edict
against duels, such rencontres will incur the same punishment
as duels. Yesterday was a quarrel between the Dukes of
Vendosme and Mqmbazon because the former supported a
gentleman with whom the latter had fallen out. They passed
in a kind of bravado each before the other's houses on horse-
back, swords in hand. But now great care is taken to pacify
such quarrels.

The Scotch guard, who have always been nearest the person
of the Kings of France have been ill used by their new captain
de Nerestan, and have complained to my lo. and sent one of
their number to petition the K. of England to intercede for
them.

On Friday Sir Gr. Markham arrived here and was used with
the same kindness as in your parts. He hath presented his
letters from his Prince, but finds no great propension here

101

towards him. We hear nothing of Mr. Calvert's knighting.
For Mr. Devick's return hither there hath long been a muttering
here, but I cannot certify thereof. He is necessary to my lord's
business there, and he is in hand to get a place among the
Clerks of the Council. When you write to Hotman, impart
to him the contents hereof. Mr. Smith thanks you for your
remembrance of him. He is here about some debts and
arrearages. He has not used my lord's means, and I fear will
not speed.

S pp. Seal. IV, 141.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], July 2. o.s. The Hague. — I had yours
of June 26 yesternight. The ambassadors for Denmark* are
far advanced on their way. Our last from those parts were of
27th ult. and report the taking of Calmar, but the citadel held
out to relieve which tlie King of Sweden advanced.

If Sir Griffin Markham passed by you, he will have told you
the affairs of the PP. with whom he hath hved and now the P.
of Neuberg is gone to Berlin, where he \\'ill attempt if by gaining
the daughter of the Elector of Brandenburg he may carry the
interest he demands in the country in question. According to
the success of his negotiation he will resolve of his voyage,
which long he hath projected, to France and England. We
have at Rotterdam Mr. Robert Sherley and his Persian lady,
coming from Spain, where, as I hear, he hath treated about the
commerce in the seas, which are under the Sophy, from which
he desires the Turk to be barred. Some such matter, it is
supposed, he would handle here. He hath sent to the States
to know if he may have audience, which they have granted,
and likewise to be lodged by their appointment, to which demand
they make a cold and doubtful answer. It is said he purposes
to go to England, where his father and other friends have
long expected him. We speak of a peace as confidently as you
do, and Peckius and Maas are soon to be here to that purpose,
and in consequence that Spinola doth thereupon return out of
Spain. If Spain hold the former ground on which was founded
the treaty of the peace, I think it will [be a] work which will
require neither much time nor much pains. Next week we shall
have here a General Assembly of our States, long deferred by
Barnevelt's absence who will then return, and in perfect health.

3 pp. XLVii, 35.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], July 3. Hague. — Yours of 26 [June]
came on the 1st. Mr. Lasselle [?] to whom you desired to be
remembered is in England, but about the end of this month

• They were the Sieur d'Opdam, Councillor Hogerheets and Sieur Bas,
burgomaster of Atnsterdam. Meteren : Hist, des Pays Bas, t. 714.

102

he will be here and bring over workmen for the forging and
framing of his new devices for fireworks, for the setting up of
which he has leave from the States of Holland, but could not
get it from the States General, because their Assembly for a
long time hath not been complete. About the midst of this
month they will meet in full number. De Russy, our French
Ambassador, has leave to go to France on particular affairs,
and had been gone ere this but that he attendeth this Assembly,
from whom he intends to press le dernier mot for the assumption
of that debt which France would turn over our king unto
them for. Yesterday the prince of Ligne, having taken his
ultimum vale of us, set forward towards you, with intent to
take Breda on the way. The princess follows in 15 days. On
Monday night Sir Robert Sherley (sent out long since from
the King of Persia with ambassages to nine several States, the
greatest part whereof he hath aheady performed) arrived at
Rotterdam. Yesterday his harbingers were here to provide
him a lodging. He comes from Spain where he abode 16
months, and having in that time set the King of Spain some
54,000 cr. in " decrement," was fain to come away without
any answer. He comes now from Bayonne. He has letters
to the States from the king, his master. Though Sir John
Digby be arrived in Spain, Mr. Cottington is to stay there six
months.

Convey the enclosed to France as soon as you can. In it is
a letter to my Lo. Chandos. In your letter to Paris, please ask
that if Mr. Serle be not there, they will open his letter or deliver
the enclosed.

If pp. XLVi, 24.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, July 14. Cologne. — I have yours of the 2nd with an
enclosure for Mr. Dickenson. The emperor who has long
refused to treat with his brother, hoping that at the Assembly
of Electors at Mulhausen means would be found to protect him
against the attempts of the Bohemians, has at last agreed to
confer with Mathias, having for this object named as Com-
missaires the Spanish Ambassador, Dona, MoUart and Wacker.
Mathias has chosen Clesel, Archbishop of Vienna and two
others of the same sort. You can estimate the possibility of an
accord.

The emperor has given to the above-named very limited
powers — viz. to settle nothing with Mathias, but only try to
get good terms from him, to be sent on later to the Electors.
Others think they had full power to settle as seemed to them
good, considering that the emperor's commissaires were very
Hispanifled.

The Ct. of Hohenloe has gone to expedite the sentence of
the ban against the town of Brunswick. The town has a year's
grace.

103

The prince of Anhalt arrived at Heidelberg with his nephew
9 days ago. Many important things have put off till his arrival.

A Colli on his way to Prague passed by Dresden and was well
received by the elector, who put him at the top of his table,
and spoke very courteously of the Palatinate Administrator.
The President was some days at Prague before he had audience
of the emperor. He came under pretext of assuring his Majesty
of his master's affection, but really to obtain veniam aetatis for
the young Palatine. The duke of Brunswick has referred it
to the diet of Mulhausen, which now will be prolonged owing
to the death of the elector of Saxony.*

Your ambassador Vischer had audience before the President
a Colli, though he arrived quite a week late. He sent word to
his Majesty that he was to treat on behalf of this prince about
things that would tend to his great consolation ; that got him
his audience so quickly.

2| pp. French, viii, 79.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, July 5. o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood :
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 284.]
2^ pp. XV, 14.

John George, Elector of Saxony, to the Emperor. f

1611, July 16. Dresden. — Thanks him for the salutation
sent by his ambassador, Henry de Gardterden, and for his
condolences on the death of the late Elector Christian his
brother. That death has grieved him deeply, especially at a
moment when his presence and advice were so useful to the
whole Empire. He can only bow to the will of the Almighty
and pray for the divine consolation and that at the beginning
of his electorate he may do no other than what tends to the
honour of God, the increase of the Church, the preservation
of the greatness of the emperor, the prosperity of the whole
Roman Empire and what may be good and beneficial for himself,
his provinces and his subjects.

He is aware that the present time is evil and the emperor
has doubtless been told that he is less well affected to his
Majesty than his brother was ; but he relies on the emperor's
wisdom to give no credit to such suggestions, particularly in
the knowledge that the good counsel of his brother for the
emperor personally and for the whole Empire always had his
warm approval.

To remove all shadow of suspicion against him he declares
formally that, no less than his brother he means to honour and
respect the emperor and, together with the other electors, to

• Christian II, who died on 23 June.

t Printed, in German, in Cliiciust : Briefe und Akten zur Geschiehte des Dieissig-
jdhrigen Krieges. Vol. ix, p. 642, where it is dated 3 July.

104

promote what is necessary for the greatness of his Majesty and
of the empire, not only by words but by deeds, in case of need,
behaving loyally as a prince, no more and no less than his
brother, being certain thus to live and die according to the
will of God. He asks also that, no less than his brother, he
may enjoy his Majesty's favour, enjoy the benefit of his counsel
at the beginning of his rule, and be received into his protection
with all his House, provinces and subjects.
2l pp. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 131.

A duplicate of the above.
Misc. Ill, 132.

News from Prague.

[Undated. On the same sheet as the above]. — The treaty
between the emperor and King Matthias depends upon the
resolution of the former. King Matthias is determined, once
for all, not to give the emperor more than 300,000 florins
of Germany for his maintenance, with some lordships. It is
believed that this treaty will be torn up. The Elector of Saxony
seems as well disposed to the emperor as his late brother, as
appears by the contents of tliis missive. The meeting of the
Electors should be on the 27th inst. at Schweinfurt in Franconia.

The duke of Brunswick is now confirmed as president of the
great council of the empire and Grand Steward of the emperor.
The Landgrave of Luchtemberg has been dismissed as well as
a number of soldiers.

^ p. French. Misc. iii, 131.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 7. Paris. — This shall repay the brevity of yours
of June 26, and I would have forborne but for the conveying
of Sir Gr. Markham's packet to Colonel Uslar. The Saumur
deputies are yet expecting here for the Queen's answer to their
cahiers, but the same is to be imparted first unto the Princes
or Officers of the Crown here present, and then to them, on
condition that they make no reply to it, this being the Queen's
absolute and final resolution. It is said there will be some
enlargement of years for the holding of their places of service
and further allowance for the entertainment of their Ministers.
I hope to hear soon of the satisfaction to be given them.

Conde's carriage at Bordeaux hath pleased the state, in that
afore his entrance into Chasteau Trompette, he caused the
garrison to come forth for the honour which he challenged, but
afterwards restored the same before he would enter.

The count of St. Paul is not yet satisfied for the delivery of
the citadel of Amiens to the Marquis d'Ancre, because the
promised condition to bestow on him the charge of Admiral
of France hath not been carried out. And hereupon de

105

Montigny hath been employed twice towards the count to give
him satisfaction and draw him hither.

Yesterday there was a quarrel between Monsr. de Balagny
and the Baron of Vitry's son who went out of the town to fight.

The order to the towns to keep good guard (which I named in
my last) hath caused panic in divers town, and at Orleans,
Chasteau Thieriy and elsewhere there has been hurly-burly
upon that false occasion. I would know whether Mr. Seymour,
on his journey to Liege, Spa etc., visited the archduke at
Marymont, and what course he takes, or is taking with him.
I hear from England that he hath submitted himself to the
king, protesting his constancy in religion and that at his first
coming to Brussels he addressed himself to you to depose this
in your hand, but that you would not receive him.

l^ pp. Seal. IV, 142.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, July 8. o.s. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of June 22.
The Marquis is gone to Berlin, in a time not altogether propre.
I think the true cause is his discontent at the abridging of his
authority through his brother's ordinance. He professes to be
going to obtain the priorship of Malta within the electorate of
Brandenburg, worth 10,000 thalers p.a. I purpose to go to Cleve,
though neither of the princes be there nor anything done.
Of the stirs at Aquisgrane and the soldiers imprisoned at Duren
and Juliers you will have heard.

f p. XXII, 35.

RoBEET, Earl of Salisbury, to William Trumbull.

1611, July 11. Whitehall.— H.M. has written to the
Archduke in favour of Colonel Boyd for the payment of money
which appears to be due to him from the States of Bruges.
Out of my own disposition, upon occasion to do a courtesy to
a gentleman of his profession and merit, I have WTitten thus
much as a signification of H.M.'s pleasure, and what pains
you shall take to procure him a speedy answer, it will be service
agreable to H.M. [There is a draft of this letter in S.P. Flanders,
Vol. xi, endorsed " 11 June, 1611."]

f p. XXXVI, 30.

R. Kyrkham to William Trumbull.

1611, July 11. Whitehall. — My lord would have you take
order for the safe delivery of the enclosed. He was well satisfied
with your last dispatch of the 3rd. Yet because you speak
out of information and not with any certainty concerning the
Archduke's purpose how to proceed with Mr. Seymer, . . .
he would have you take occasion yourself to know the
Archduke's resolution, which his Ma. doth now expect, because
Mr. Seimer doth remain within his dominions — not that you
should by occasion thereof press the Ai'chduke to stay him or

106

remand him, for that his Ma. leaves to his owii choice, but
because his former letter was in general terms before Mr.
Seimer was known to be there ; now his Ma. doth expect a more
particular answer, which being urged you shall easily discover
how he stands affected to proceed in this business.

Concerning your letter to me when I have better enquired
I will answer.

1 p. Seal. Misc. iii, 130.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, July 11. London. — I have yours of June 26.

The Queen and Prince began their progress from Whitehall
yesterday. They will spend a fortnight in their own houses,
and on 23rd will go from Windsor to Hants and Sarum. The
Ambassador of Savoy is daily expected, but the Palsgrave of
the Rhine much more desired. The Lantsgrave of Hesse has
been feasted by the King at Theobalds, and by my L. Treasurer
at Hatfield and took his leave of the king on Sunday and of
the lords on Tuesday.

The Commission for Baronets is to be renewed. There are
now full 100, but 76 only are marshalled. I send you a list.

Our merchants yesterday made a great complaint of their
loss by pirates, namely of 2 ships taken between Spain and
Plymouth worth between 30,000, and 40,000Z. Their number
of thievish ships greatly multiplies, to suppress which a
resolution is taken to set forth five of H.M.'s ships at the
merchants' charge.

The Exchequer yields nothing ; not so much as for your fees.

[Postscript]. — New matter is discovered against the E. of
Northumberland. The enclosed printed book of my L.
Delawarre's Apology is penned by Mr. Samuel Calvert. I
hear even now of a ship arrived from Virginia with reasonable
good news of their estate.

1 p. Seal. XXXII, 32.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, July 21. [Cologne]. — I have yours of 9th. I fear
these great princes will always use their wonted trickery to the
prejudice of the reformed Religion.

We heard two days ago that the Palatin of Neuburg now at
Berlin, was wounded in the shoulder in separating the young
counts of Solms and Witgenstein.

All the Imperialists are much troubled by the death of Saxe.
It will do no harm to Brandenburg, if he knows how to use the
opportunity. The Emperor is much affected and has sent
condolences to the widow, and to John George who succeeds
and has already moved to the Castle. Mathias has also sent
his commissaries to forestall those of the Emperor who, learning
this, has quickly sent another by post secretly, the two brothers
competing for the affection of the new Elector.

107

The Emperor still declines to leave Prague, where he is only
a shadow, for Ratisbon. I do not think that Mathias and the
Bohemians will let him go, unless the whole Empire interposes.

They are very bitter at Aix against the Protestants.

21 pp. French. Signed Henricus Sylvester Pistorius. viii,
81.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 13. Paris. — I have yours of 3rd imparting the
news of Chandler's safe return from his pilgrimage. I wish
for the public sake he would, while his memory is fresh, set
forth a relation of that miraculous journey.

Of the broil at Aquisgrane there is great noise here, but no
man knoweth the ground and success thereof.

We still expect the answer to be given to the deputies of
Saumur. There is a report of an alarm at Orleans of our enemies
putting the town in an uproar against us by spreading the false
news that the Huguenots had taken Angers and killed 2,000
Catholics, and were about the gate here to do the like, so that
many began to cry Tue, tue ces Huguenots. But these false
bruits were disproved, and no further mischief was done. But
thereby we have had an experience of the power and wickedness
of our enemies who do only seek ... as much as they can
. . to move us to stir and give either the first or the second
blow.

There is a new book both in Latin and French by du Plessis,
le Progres du Mystere d' Iniquite,* showing how the corruption
and superstition crept into the Romish Church and what
opposition was made thereto from time to time by holy men.
The Latin impression is dedicated to our King, and the French
to this King. This hath been misliked that he should offer the
King a book so offensive against his belief, or that in his
dedication to our King he doth exhort him to leave off the pen
and take to the sword against that Babylon, wherein he, though
sixty years old, professes his readiness to follow. A printer
here has been imprisoned only for being supposed to have sold
some copies.

Conde has lost some of his good opinion by affecting popularity
among them of Bordeaux, even offering to be Mayor, which
office, it is true, the King's lieutenants in the province did not
scorn to take up ; but in the prince it is held to be a derogatory
affectation. D'Espernon offered to visit him at Bordeaux,
who desired him to come with no great company, whereupon
the other offered to go alone.

Two deputies have come from the Turk to complain of ill
usage done to the Moors of Spain, some of whom passed through
Languedoc on their way to Barbary. The Turk has done this
on the promise of the Moors to rebuild and restore Tunis. These
deputies propose to go to England upon some other occasions.

• The sub-title was Histoire de la PapauU.

108

The D. of Savoy has sent a secretary this way to England
to signify that he will send another embassage on the marriage,
broached there by Ruffi, between the lady Elizabeth and the
prince of Piedmont. I am afraid the slow and respectless
proceeding of the Germans in that matter may breed disgust
against them.

The K. hath lately by my lord renewed his instance to France
for the payment of his debt. They do not seem disposed to
give him more satisfaction therein than he shall get from the
United States, with whom they have been dealing to make
them charge themselves with that payment in defalcation of
what they received from hence.

In execution of the late arrest of this Parlement against
rencontres, the body of a gentleman killed by such a misfortune
was dragged to the gallows and hanged by the feet, and his
goods confiscated. The other party, who fled, is condemned
likewise.

Sir Gr. Markhani is here labouring to dispose this State to
favour his master's cause and resolution against the admission
of Saxe. He has found scant inclination here to assist him.

A shrewd pamphlet hath been written against the Saumur
Assembly, and specially against Sully's oration there, but it
has been suppressed.

[Postscript]. — I have letters from Sanford who doth now
write himscK " Juan de Madrid," and maketh relation of their
arrival and first audience there. He complains as yet of nothing
but that the country doth make him sweat of both sides.

3 pp. Seal. IV, 143.

[De Villiers] H[otman] to William Trumbull.

1611, July 27. Diisseldorp. — I do not see how the trouble
at Aix will end. The people insist on the expulsion of the
Jesuits. The Magistrat says they were established there by
Imperial authority. From Prague we hear that the new
Elector will walk in the steps of his predecessor, and will be
wholly Imperialist. The Mulhausen meeting is put off till
Aug. 27 and that of the United till the 2nd.

[Postscript]. July 30. — We now hear of the arrival of the
Palatine and his good reception by the Elector and Electress
of Brandenburg.

I p. French, xxvii, 98.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, July 18. London. — After the resolution was taken
to send some of H.M.'s ships to suppress the pirates, many
reasons were alleged and great suit made to reduce them by a
general pardon. The hazard of the King's ships, the great
expense, the backwardness of the merchants to contribute,
the fear that those men of war would be burdensome to our
trading ships that might come in their way at sea, and the

109

recovery of the 40,000Z. last taken weighed the balance to the
other side, and a resolution is taken at the importunate suit
of our merchants to give them a general pardon on restitution
of the 40,000/. To satisfy the world in the points of right and
reputation we say for the former that those pirates stand still
liable to the Civil Law to make restitution so far as their means
will stretch, and for the other the late French king gave us a
precedent in Dansker whom he sheltered at Marseilles. Yet
for example sake, I wish the former resolution might have had
effect.

Of the Earl of Northumberland here is a two-fold opinion :
one, that he hath only spoken disgraceful words of the king,
the Lords and government of the State, and shall be again
fined in the Star chamber as for a new crime ; the other that
he will be proved guilty of the powder treason.

Sir Walter Rawleigh is with much indignation lately clapped
up into close prison only for his unseasonable and untrue brags
that the L. Cobham doth now repent him of his accusation.

My Lady Brown is on the point of her return, having gotten
an act under Viscount Lisle's hands, for the first company that
shall fall in Flushing for one of her sons, and a pension of lOOZ.
for her life.

The exchequer doth not yet afford you any money.

2 pp. XXXII, 25.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, July 28. Cologne.— I have yours of 19th. The day
for Mulhausen is put off by the death of the Elector of Saxony.
But the United Princes will meet at Rotenibourg on the 21st.
o.s. The Princes, the Administrator and Anhalt will be there
also. President a Colli is sent by the Administrator from
Prague to Dresden to console, and congratulate the new Elector,
who is as well disposed to the emperor as was his late brother.

From Prague I hear the deputies of the two brothers have
come to terms to the satisfaction of Mathias, but the emperor
has not ratified the accord pending the meeting at Mulhausen,
so it may still end in smoke. Mathias seems to wish to return
to Vienna, and the emperor in that case to stay at Prague.
Mathias' marriage with the princess of Innspruck will be at
Vienna in October.

Plague being prevalent in Switzerland, the Savoy ambassadors
have left Baden. The deputies of the Cantons remain there and
continue their business. Those of Berne do not wish to contend
with Savoy for the pays de Vaux, supported by the eleven
cantons and the Kings of France and Spain.

At Aix the Magistrates will not meet the Commissioners of
the Princes. I think they await news from Prague. The
Protestants are united and will yield nothing of their just
demands.

2 pp. French, viii, 82.

110

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 19. Paris.--The death of the duke of Saxony
is expected to cause alteration in German affairs. We would
have your opinion thereof. The Saumur deputies have received
little satisfaction here. The Queen would not give them any
WTitten answer. She would grant them 5 years' tenure of their
towns of surety, and add 15,000 cr. to the 45,000 which they
now have for their ministers. They were told to return to
Saumur and report her pleasure, after choosing two deputies
to reside here to whom she would answer their demands. But
they remain here expecting directions from Saumur. De
Varennes is reported to have gone thither to see the countenance
of those men, and de Bullion may follow him.

Parlement hath been busy with the proces of the gentle-
woman* who accused D'Espernon and Mad"" du Tillet,
attending to no other business.

1 mentioned an intended match between the duke of Nemours
and the d. of Savoy's younger daughter. The Sp. ambassador
hath declared to the Q. that his master would not consent to
it, but it is thought that Savoy will proceed with it.

The Count of St. Paul, hitherto not satisfied about the
Government of Amiens, given to the Marquis d'Ancrc, hath
been wrought to come here, and so more easy means will be
found for his satisfaction.

The duke of Guise is returned after 3 or 4 months in Provence.

The K. and Q. are gone for a few days to St. Germains, the
young princes and princesses having prepared a comedy to
entertain them. Let me know whether the great packet, sent
you by the ordinary, is arrived, for Sir Gr. Markham made me
stay so long after his letters that my man had to run after him
above a league out of the town.

2 pp. IV, 144.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, July 20. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of the 1st
and 8th. Touching Fuchs I have spoken with the Marquis's
chief substitute. How far he taketh it to heart, I know not.
De Plessen departed hence many days since and may revisit
Heidelberg before he returns. For events here I refer you to
this enclosed to my lord amb. under a " seal volant." When
you have read it clap some wax underneath.

I p. XXII, 36.

John Sanford to William Trumbull.

1611, July 20. o.s. Madrid. — " I am arrived in Spain as
arrant a beast as ever, as much troubled with the stone and
my tongue — evil as in your colder climates. We met with

* Madame d'Escoman.

Ill

certain rebuffs in our journey hither. The inquisition boarded
us at St. Sebastian and notwithstanding the stamp of a Senor
Embasador fairly took all our books and sent them under the
locks and seals of their office to the Cardinal of Toledo. What
books I have lost I cannot well tell. At my first sermon
(whereat were present a great many more honest men than I
thought to have found in Madrid) I appointed the next day
for a Communion, which was presently divulged about the
town, and coming to the Cardinal's ears, he laboured by all
means to hinder it, and sent a messenger to my 1. to that effect,
who stoutly answered that the use of the Sacraments was a
principal part of his religion which he intended to have exercised
in his house freely, and therefore entreated the Cardinal not to
stir further in it, telling his servant that he should have a fuUer
answer after a day or two. The Cardinal, understanding that
my 1. had a purpose to have written to him in Latin, entreated
him by another message to forbear. Certainly this good came
by it that whereas we had before but a part of the house we are
now in, being at first denied entrance even to that also by the
duke of Mont Alto, the State hath now given us the whole house,
for fear lest our Religion should corrupt per contactum, so that
now we are excellently well lodged. I am not yet so well
acquainted in the town as to furnish you with news. Many
of my Lord's house have been sick . . . myself somewhat
distempered with the heats, but yet I have held out. The
pope's nuncio, who is also his Collecteur General for these parts*,
had indicted the town of Carago^a in Aragon for that some
portion of the bishop's goods there dying which by right be-
longed to the pope and his chancery, were detained by the
King's officers, whereupon there was a decree given out that
he should within few days void the kingdom. The order was
directed against the Collecteur General, but the nuncio, being
a compound person, like a bear half venison, half carrion,
stands it out as nuncio and lets his coUectorship correr peligro
[run the risk]. However it is certain that his Auditor General
is gone away with all speed. Honest Francis Cottington is
come this afternoon from the Escurial, where he hath been to
take his leave of the king to part for England, and I think my
1. will shortly despatch him. I cannot hear how the king hath
rewarded him.

1 hear that two witches were burnt here to-day, and a priest
for sodomy. Spinola is here a councillor of state, but yet no
grandee. He has twice visited my lord. Mr. Porter and Mr.
Cawley, old suitors, are daily with us. They have reason to
hope my 1. will do them good. My lady is here breeding a
godson for the K. of Spain. I know not how your Deborah
doth employ her time.

2 pp. XXXVI, 45.

• Decio Caraffa, archbishop of Damas, made cardinal on 17 August 1(511 wliilp
still in Spain, Oiaconius ; Vitae et Res Gestae Ponlificwn Komanorum, iv, 422,

112

News from Prague.

1611, July 30. — His Imperial Majesty and King Matthias
are agreed touching the maintenance for the former for which
the king gives 300,000 florins of Germany a year, as well as four
baronies or lordships with some hundreds of tuns of wine, oxen
and wood to supply the Court. The emperor likewise retains
the castle free. As the duke of Brunswick has accepted very
loyally and with great solicitude the domestic direction of his
Majesty, he will put in writing all these points of articles, to
have them ratified, a matter of great importance.

King Matthias has summoned all the nobility of Austria and
Moravia for the 20th of August, and on the 22nd wiU leave here
with the said nobility for Upper and Lower Silesia, to take
possession of his provinces and will then go on to Vienna to
celebrate his marriage.

These last days they have disbanded here seven companies
of horse called the " Rouges Casaques." The king is keeping
the others to have them near him as his guard. He is also
keeping in service 500 horse of Colonel Tampir and 500 of
Bouthem. It is not known why he does this ; these companies
do immense harm in the country and he is not taking them
with him into Silesia, but Avill leave them on the frontier. After
the king's departure they will also disband the soldiers of
Bohemia, but they will keep the larger part for the preservation
of the crown.

Last Wednesday, the 27th July, they laid the first marble
stone in the old town for a new Martinist church, to be called
Templum Scdvatoris, near the great market, with very great
pomp. The seigneurs Siegfried de Colluits, Joachim Andreas
Slick, Guillam Poppee of Lobkhouets and de Felz took part.
In commemoration they distributed a quantity of gold, silver
and copper money.

l^ pp. French. Misc. iii, 133.

1611, July 30. Prague. — Confirmation by the emperor of
the possession by Duke John, Count Palatine of the adminis-
tration of the Palatinate, in accordance with the grant made
to the late Frederick, Count Palatine in 1607, until the question
is decided at the assembly of the Electors.

Copy. French. 1 p. Misc. iii, 134.

Another copy of the same forwarded by Bilderbeck on 8/18
August.

1 p. French, viii, 80.

SiK John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611, July 20. o.s. Madrid. — Mr. Cottington hath
acquainted me with your last letter ; the like did Mr. Sanforde.
I perceive for them both that you desire to hold all good

113

correspondence with me, which I most willingly embrace.
Mr. Cottington is shortly to depart for England. If
therefore I may be of use in this Court touching his M.'s service
or your occasions, you shall find me very careful.

Endorsed in Sir W. TrumhiilVs hand. First letter of corres-
pondence from Spain and Germany.

1 p. Much faded, xxii. 111.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, July 21. o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of June 23.
I am to begin my journey home in 14 days. I have my audience
for taking leave on Monday. I do not perceiA'e any intention
of dispatching Spinola from hence. A marriage between the
Infanta and the French king is here believed to be concluded.
Pray convey the letters to Mrs. Digby.

l^ pp. XXI, 44.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], July 21. The Hague. — Monsr. Russy
takes these to you. He is not certain to enter Brussels, and
will only be there one night, not wanting to salute your princes.
He will be away till the end of October. . . .

We hear from Denmark that the K. of Sweden has sacked
and burnt Christianople. He lias put to sea 16 ships of war,
which he will present!}' second with 20 more. If he be free
from the Pologne, I believe Denmark will be the first that will
sing though with a sorrowful note dulce helium inexpertis.

1 p. XLVII, 117.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 25. Paris. — I have yours of 14th and even now
your last by Mr. Philpott with the barking book against poor
Calvin. The Saumur deputies were forced at last to depart
two daj's ago without other answer. De Bullion is to resort
thither again with the Queen's answer in writing, but not to
deliver it until they have elected their ordinary deputies to
reside here and yielded to the breaking up of the Assembly,
which condition will be hardly digested by them, as debarring
them from any reply. The D. of Bouillon continues very sick
there, and the queen hath sent de Varennes to visit him.

The D. of Savoy hath sent anew to Berne to summon them
to a compromise for the Pais de Vaux, and is making new
levies, assisted by the Spanish ambassador, who joins with
him in that action.

The woman who accused D'Espernon hath been condemned
to perpetual imprisonment, and those whom she charged
declared to be clear.

The cardinals and bishops have kept an Assembly here to
present their common complaint to the Parlement against
du Plessis' new book, but Parlement seeing the Protestants
reclaim against it, forbears to proceed therein.

Wt. 1216 Down. Ill— 8

114

An unhappy bargain has been made of the citadel of Bourg
which de Bresse agrees to resign for 140,000 cr. It is said to
be intended for d'Ancre.

The K.'s preceptor, M. des Yveteaux hath been put out, and
another le Febure, more Jesuited, put in his place.

Conde hath yielded the mayoralty of Bordeaux to M. de
Barrault.

1| pp. IV, 145.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Avig. 4. Cologne. — I have yours of July 23. Feeling
sure that several of our letters have been intercepted, I will
send you a cipher.

At Rothembourg the Princes seem de^'oted to the public
good. The Mulhausen meeting is delayed by Saxony's death,
who will be buried on the 4th.

The agreement between the Emperor and Mathias is settled
but will not be signed till to-morrow. It has been difficult to
bring the former to it, as he wishes to refer it to the Electors,
as to which the deputies of Mathias said he would sooner die.
The Emperor was told that Mathias was leaving for Vienna and
that it must be settled. The chief points of the accord are that
Mathias leaves to the Emperor five lordships which the Estates
Bohemia intended to sell to pay the Emperor's debts. 2. An
allowance of 300,000^. 3. Permission to reside in the Castle
at Prague with liberty to leave, or stay in, the kingdom. In
return the Emperor will do all he can to make Mathias king
of the Romans. The latter by a discours printed in German
tries to justify his action. My advices from the spot lead me to
believe that the nuncio and the Spaniards shape his ideas.
If so, the result may easily he imagined.

I cannot blame the inhabitants of Aix who liave been affected
only by the desire to save their liberty. The agents of your
Archduke have been told to mind their own business. Their
excuse was that Aix was confederate with the House of
Burgundy and consequently the States should also take part.
I do not think your Archduke will go further as in such case
the States would also intervene. The good Huguenots living
here are distressed at seeing their members constantly leaving
the town, out of fear. If they continue to treat the Protestants
as they have done since the fair of Frankfort, there will be
none left to persecute.

4 pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 83.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

[1611], July 30. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 21st.
Your Commissioners at Aquisgrane* are not peace makers.

* The archdukes' commissioners were M. de Werpen, governor of Maastriciit
and M. Vanden Acclen of their privy Council. Trural)uU to Salisljury on 24 July.
S.P. Flanders, Vol. x, fol. 103,

115

The deputies of this State had travailed with so good success
that the three chief differents which concern the exercise of
reUgion, participation of the magistracy (forbidden by the
emperor's edict to all but Romanists), and the Jesuits were
almost accommodated. But the coming of those new guests
from your quarters dashed all. The contract which they
produce was made without the knowledge of the bourgeoisie.
Yet the Protestants have suspended their full answer till they
receive the ad\ ice of the Councils here and Cleve, seeing the
matter toucheth these princes in their right of protection.
To this end they have employed three deputies, who are
accompanied by Langheberg and Heck ; the other commis-
sioner remaining at Aquisgrane, where are also four from the
Elector of Coleine. He of Brandenburg hath been at Dresden.
During his absence the Palatine Wolfgang WiUiam arrived at
Berlin and made overtures to the Electress, assisted by some
of her Council, which I do not believe her lord and husband
can approve. The old Palatine must soon declare whether he
accept the accord of Guterboghe or not, as the emperor's time
limit will soon expire. The suspicion of a practise on Juliers,
Duren and Hambach seems to vanish.
1 p. XXII, 37.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, July 31. Paris. — De Bullion left for Saumur on
Monday. The answer will not content them, but how they
can remedy it is the difficulty, for it is the Queen's last resolution.
The Q. with the K. hath been three days at St. Germain's.
They return to-morrow. The comedy was performed by the
two brethren and two elder sisters of the K. with some young
noblemen and ladies. They acted for 2| hours before the whole
court without missing a word.

Monsieur du Moulin's book in defence of his Ma*'''* against
Coeffeteau had been four or five months in the printer's hand
when it was seized by the searchers. My lo. hath employed
himself to excuse the matter, and to get the seized copies
restored, but covdd obtain no promise.

I have yours of 20th with advertisements out of Germany,
and have imparted them to Sir Gr. Markham, who for the
advertisement which you particularly sent him concerning the
accident of Aix and the good wishes which . . you do add
to the (cursed race) of the Jesuits, could not be moved to give
any great thanks. I am sending you a copy of a little libel
against the assembly at Saumur which for the scandal thereof
hath been suppressed.

1 p. Seal. IV, 146.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Aug. 10. Cologne. — I have yours of the 1st. All the
United Princes are at Rotembourg except the Landgrave of

116

Cassel. Newbourg is not present nor represented. It is hoped
the new Elector of Saxony may come, although the Emperor
and Mathias try to attract him to their side. He is looking
after those who have wasted the Saxon treasures. I am sorry
for the journey of the PP. because of tlie manoeuvres of our
enemies and the troubles at Aix. The commissioners of those
Princes and three deputies of the Protestants have gone to
Cleves for advice on the new claims of Archduke Albert and the
threats of the Elector of Cologne. It is found that the magis-
tracy at Aix had made an alliance with Albert and offered him
the protection of the place to the prejudice of the Duke of
Juliers, who received it from the Emperor loco foedi. This has
been done without the knowledge of the citizens, quod est violare
tarn jus divinum quam humanum. Some of the magistracy
on hearing of this disclosure took to flight. The Electors of
Mayence and Treves mean to send their deputies to Aix to
settle the troubles. The States ought to intervene as they
are concerned in the result upon which the repose of the good
Huguenots depends.

At Orleans there has been an alarm. There was nearly a
massacre. Tue, tue was the cry, and the tocsin was rung.
It was reported that the Protestants had already seized
Chartres.

3 pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 84.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 1. Vlushing. — I had yours of 25th yesterday.
In England the storm of Northumberland's business being
calmed, men are attentive to nothing so much as to take the
fullness of the season's pleasures. In a few days you shall have
at Brussels the young Landgrave of Hessen.* He embarketh
this day for Calais and will see the towns of Flanders. He is a
very gallant gentleman. What honour you can procure him
will please England. With him is an English gentleman who
hath long served his father, Mr. Segar, a very honest and
sufficient gentleman ; perhaps you know him. He may be
useful.

Our deputies are now at the Hague about the old business
of their contributions, which not succeeding well, a gap may
be opened to our adverse party to their advantage against us,
for it seemeth that without either wisdom or honesty we shall
run headlong into the lessening of a part of our army, and thus
we see that what his armies could not do, his Spanish dubloons
attain unto.

2 pp. XXXIX, 12.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.
1611, Aug. 2. o.s. Venice. — Thanks him for news of the
northern world. Touching the earl of Nort[humberland]t

* otto eldest son of the Landgrave Maurice of Hesse Cassel.
t in cypher.

117

must conclude jubeas miserum esse libenter quatenus id facit.
Asks for more particulars. Has instructions to treat with the
Signory about Seymour, wherein they make no difficulty.
Asks for a word where he is and what are his purposes. Though
he is " little to be esteemed, as the poorest fugitive yet, knowing
the arts and practises of Rome ... to make their advantage
of all things, no diligence were ill employed to keep him from
thence. It is an ill sign of foul weather to wars in our parts
when the Jesuits . . . gather towards our coast, but I hope
the storm will fall on their own necks."

It would be astonishing that the pope should swallow so many
indignities in these parts were it not that he hath a pxirpose
to spit his malice some other way. In the business of Ceneda
he hath urged this state to determine the matter by friendly
negotiation. He has so far prevailed upon these wise men that
they are content to parley and not to act.

Here hath been much speech of treason in Parma, two
principal persons. Count St. Vital and Colorno being reported
to have been corrupted by the Spaniards at Milan to seize the
state. But actually one is committed for contempt and the
other for killing his wife and her mother.

A gentleman here is accused of killing his wife. An officer
of one of these com-ts stabbed his wife and a priest found with
her, but both escaped. A secretary to Card. Capponi, sent on
private business, was murdered by his own servant a few days
since and was dead a week before he was discovered. At
Florence, at a supper of our countrymen, one Cartwright was
slain in a sudden quarrel at the board. Sir John Hambden,
a bankrupt knight, for having an old quarrel with him, is con-
demned to the galleys ; Skidmore, a swaggering captain, for
giving the blow, to the gallows. Henry Lock, an old traveller
who died in his lodging, is given out to have died a Papist,
though he was over three score and attended the service when
here some three months since, from Prague.

I marvelled to see Sir Rowland Litton's name in your letter
and hope the Spa waters may benefit his health. I know not
a better mind in a weaker body. . . . John Chamberlain
begins to look homeward . . the immoderate heats of this
summer have made him sick, as well as others of this poor family.
My wife lies yet by it though I hope the danger is past.

^pp. XV, 15.

Sir Raphk Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 5. o.s. The Hague. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 288].
2 1 pp. XL VII., 36.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 6. Paris. — The Saumur Assembly is said to
hesitate about the Queen's answer. It is thought that de

118

Bullion was allowed to acquaint underhand the chief of them
with the contents thereof afore beginning to urge the dissolution
of the Assembly.

D'Ancre is gone, Avell accompanied, to take possession at
Amiens and to be received as Lt. General of Picardy.

Seruin, the King's Advocate, has printed the arrest of the
Parlement against Bellarmine's book with an interpretation
and amplification of his own. The nuncio hath caused it to be
suppressed, complaining that the work of such an author would
injure the pope more than du Plessis' new book.

1 p. Seal. IV, 147.

ToBiE Matthkw to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 6. Paris. — I have yours of July 29. I know not
whether I be more sorry or ashamed to consider how much
it was my ill fortune to persuade you to engage yourself for
my L. Roos. " I say ill fortune for it was no fault in me to
believe in his fearful protestations that he would punctually
comply with the obligations that he had towards you. If
myself had been present with his Ip. I presume I could have
prevented your inconvenience, and I am sure I would have done
my best, which also I did, by letters, both to him and Mr.
Thorys." Excuse me if 1 have been in his business the author
to you of any prejudice.

\p. XXX, 54.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 8. London. — This bearer Richard Silhard, my
wife's kinsman, claims land in Antwerp, and needs help in
prosecuting his pretences, being a stranger there. I entreat
you to assist him and address him to some honest Englishman
in Antwerp. I was resolved to recommend him more effectu-
ally, but I have an inkling that he intends to use the means
of priests and others with whom I may not wish you to concur.
I do not well understand his religion but hope it is good.

The king and the lords are absent ; this place is become so
dull. We hear of 9 new ships added to our pirates, and fear
the pardon named in my last will not purchase our merchants'
security. Preparations are made to set forth five of the King's
ships and two pinnaces, and as many of the merchants, but
hope we shall not need to be at the charge. The new contract
for lands is concluded, so shortly the exchequer will be
replenished.

1 p. XXXII, 26.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 8. Hague. — Yesterday I had yours of July 29.
The letter for a French gentleman at Delfe shall be delivered.

The pacification in East Friesland is in print, but cannot be
bought here. The cop)- was only printed in Embden in broken

119

Dutch, and I could not translate it. The Count has delivered
to the States his strongest fort called Leereoort, where they
have placed a garrison, to make sure of him. Hereafter if the
town again offer any insolvenc}- to the Count, the States will
deal Avith it. They have lately resolved to send out a sufficient
fleet to scour the narrow seas of pirates, who every day multiply.
They will begin with the Irish seas, where formerly the pirates
when pursued made their retreat, furnishing themselves with
necessaries. Now the States have lea^•e of H.M. les aitaquer
dans les hauures mesmes, with this reserve that what goods
soever shall be found with the pirates, their men-of-war must
deliver to the King's officers within those havens to be dis-
tributed to the true proprietors. The States also are about
to put to sea certain ships with letters of reprisal. I hear the
States have given freely to the merchants, who have received
the losses, 4 of their best men-of-war, in every respect well
provided for this business.

The States are yet very much perplexed about the repartitions
of certain companies. They of Zeland have at last sent their
deputies hither, some three weeks since according to promise,
and the business is daily in debate, but the deputies still
adversely hang back and will be brought to nothing. They of
West Friseland willingly run the same course, and have already
put off certain companies which were repartited upon them,
but the States General have sent deputies thither to persuade
them to resume their companies again, and to give them
resolution within certain days, whereof there are some ten to
come. Here is fear of a cashiering if they return not with some
good answer. The Dutch bearer hereof was the first man that
ever I was acquainted mth in these countries. The letter my
1. sent you this morning was by one Capt°- Boroughs.

[PS.]. — Your old debtor Sir Chalistenes Brookes has been
long sick of a consumption and of late in danger. It is long
since I spake to him of that angel he is yet behind, or he to me,
neither did I ever press him about it nor never will do.

3 pp. XL VI, 26.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Aug. 8. o.s. The Hague. — I recommend
this gentleman Capt" Boroughe and thank you for yours of
July 30. The last from our ambassadors in Denmark were
of 25th ult. Then they had not seen the king nor were they
certain to be admitted to his presence, for he had charged his
Council not to suffer any of their quality to come to him without
his pleasure known. By merchant ships we learn that the
garrison in the citadel [at Calmar] made a sally and chased the
Danes out of the town, and that the Swedish fleet is master of
the sea. Yesterday arrived deputies from Aken. They bring
a copy of a treaty made in 1601 whereby the Catholics of that
town render themselves to the jurisdiction of the Archdukes.

120

What the States will do is uncertain, " but nothing they will
resolve that shall be prejudicial to the truce." We are printing
a placard against the Jesuits and Priests which much infest us.
It is long since Sir Stephen Lessieiu- passed by you, but whether
he went or about what I desire to know by your next.
l^ pp. XLVii, 37.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Aug 18. [Cologne]. — I have yours of the 7th. I
enclose the emperor's resolution on the administration of the
Palatinate. At Rotenbourg the Union has been confirmed
and all goes well. The other Princes congratulating his highness
on this confirmation. The emperor has sent Commissaires,
the Sieurs Westernach and Geitekoflers, apologizing for the
levy of the Passauers etc. King Mathias sends the Baron de
Polheim.

It seems that the treaty between the two brothers, which
was thought to be settled, is now broken, the emperor ha^'ing
torn up the capitulation when presented for signature.

I hope that the Protestants at Aix will be wise and avoid
the traps of their adversaries and prevent them from becoming
masters, for then they would be worse off than they are. They
should be assisted.

1| pp. French, viii, 80.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 9. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of July 29.
Two of the three Commissioners of this State, Langheberg and
Hegge, who accompanied the Protestant deputies of Aquisgrane
at their return hither from Cle\'e, gave me and Hotman letters
of credence from the Council there, praying each of us to assist
them, seeing the business did so nearly touch those princes
with whom we reside, and was not entirely without their juris-
diction, for although Aquisgrane be Imperial, yet they have
power there in matters of policy and ecclesiastical causes. We
so answered that we gave them hope and kept ourselves
within requisite bounds.

We hear your deputies are now mild in their speeches, and
they of the Elector of Coleine, who spake high of the emperor's
edict, are also grown more gentle. I would both were at home
with their masters.

1 p. XXII, 38.

Protest of Colonel David Boid to the Archdukes.

[Undated]. — Asks for payment of the sums due to him ;
recalls the good service with his Scotsmen at the reduction of
Bruges. The duke of Parma recognised his value, as had the
late king of Spain in letters patent dated at Mon^on, Arragon,
on 20 Sept. 1585. But the petitioner had received nothing in
spite of letters written in his favour by King James.

1 p. French. Copy. Misc. iii, 137.

121

The Archdukes to the Burgomaster etc. of Bruges.

1611, Aug. 20. Brussels. — Requests them to enter into
communication with Boid and to settle with him.
I p. French. Copij. Misc. iii, 137 dorse.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 21. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of Aug. 6 and
thank you for what you tell me about Dr. Foucques which I
have duly passed on.

We daily expect the return of our Palatine who will tell us
what he has done. We are also assured that our Marquis will
soon he here. He takes up the office of Grand Master of the
Order of St. John of Jerusalem vacant by the death of the
Marquis Frederick of Anspach, his cousin. We cannot yet tell
the bias of the new Elector of Saxony. He is much sought after
by the emperor. He seems on good terms with the El. of
Brandenburg and listens gladly to those who go to see him on
behalf of the PP. of the Union, who are now together at Roten-
burg and await the Imperial Commissioners and the Ambassadors
of King Mathias. They reckon on a good result from their
communication, the emperor having confirmed to the adminis-
trator the riglit to take part in the meetings and solemn acts
of the Empire, as you will see by the copy enclosed,* which
I have also sent to de Preaux. Send it also to Beaulieu. I
have not yet heard that any of the Palatines goes to England
except a young Landgrave, eldest son of the Landgrave Maurice.
As for Aix, but for the interference of the ambassadors of your
Archdukes matters would be settled between the magistral s-nd
citizens by the intervention of the Commissioners of our friends
and we may hear of their success any moment.

1 p. French, xxvii, 99.

The Deputies [at Saumur] to the Protestants of the
Isle de France.

1611, Aug. 21. Saumur. — A full report of the proceedings
of the Assembly.

3^ pp. French. Signed Philippes de Mornay, President
Chamier, adjoint au President, Josias Mercier, scribe ; copy ;
endorsed " from Mr. Beaulieu." iv, 150.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 12. Paris. — Thanks for letters of the 1st and 7th.
Congratulations on the birth of his boy. On Saturday last
letters came from Bullion, the queen's deputy at Saumur,
advising the queen that the Assembly at Saumur asks to be
acquainted with the contents of her answer before they separate.
This answer has been taken very offensively here and the Council

* The copy at page 112 above.

122

met yesterday but we do not know what resolution they have
taken ; but they seem resolute not to deliver their answer
otherwise to the Assembly, which already hath caused a rumour
of war against the Protestants.

Conde is expected back from Bordeaux and Bayonne, the duke
of Savoy hath lately forbidden his subjects to carry any victuals
into Geneva, upon pretence of the plague.

The agent of Geneva here* hath received an advertisement
from Villeroy that the duke intends some enterprise both
against that town and another of the countrj'^ of Vaux.

1 p. Seal. IV, 148.

Account of the Proceedings at Rotembourg on Aug. 23,

1611. t
8 pp. Latin, viii, 85.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Aug. 24. Cologne. — Since I wrote last week I have
yours of 15th with your Archduke's placart. I would send you
Gothefroy's de Tutelis Elector alibus, but it is too big for the
post. At Rotembourg all goes well. Newbourg wrote to the
emperor's commissioners to beg them to do nothing to his
prejudice as administrator, but in vain. The Elector of Saxony
expresses his satisfaction at the resolution given to a Colli,
and begs the emperor to be at Mulhausen ; he is glad that the
Collegium Electorate is complete. The meeting at Mulhausen
is on Sept. 29 o.s. His highness is resolved to go in person.
I told you of the arrival at Rotembourg of the ambassadors of
the emperor and Mathias. The former had their audience on
the 11th, and the rest on the next day. Formerly they wished
to abolish the Union, now they are trying to make use of it.

1 J pp. French, viii, 86.

W. Quint (?) to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 24. Antwerp. — Intended to come and speak with
him personally, but neither time nor opportunity presented
themselves, and has gone instead to Antwerp. Has entrusted
his business to Mr. Williams, and begs Trumbull to excuse
him for not having fulfilled his promises. Asks him to write
to the Red Hart at Antwerp where he is lodging.

1 p. Dutch. Endorsed " From Mr. Williams his friend."
XLVi, 27.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.
1611, Aug. 16. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood, Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 289].
3 pp. XV, 16.

* Jacques Anjorrant. Rott : Representation Diplomatique de la France auprea
dea Cantons Suissen, Vol. iii, pp. 26, 28.

t Tliere is a full account of these proceedings in Chroust : Briefe und Akfen zur
Gesrh. dex Dreissigjdhrigen Krieges, Vul. ix, pp. 097-732, from 2 .\ugust to 2
September, old style.

123

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 16. Vlushing. — Yours of 10th I now instantly
received. I have entreated our own minister Mr. Pott to
come to you. Albeit he may a little dissent from the Canons
of our Church established now in England, he is an honest man,
and ready to come to you when required. If you are not
provided of your godfathers for your son I offer myself.

1 p. XXXIX, 13.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 17, o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of July 10. I
would entreat you to hold the same quarter with me as you did
with Mr. Cottington. By every ordinary (besides extra-
ordinaries) I expect to hear from you. The King of Denmark
hath had an overthrow and received some hurt in his own
person. The duke of Lerma hath been sick. " It is rumoured
he fell sick upon conceit," for the king's confessor, being sick,
wrote plainly to the king the injury he did himself by trans-
ferring all power from himself. Thereupon the king dispatched
some business without the duke's privity, who thereupon fell
into an extreme callenture at the Escorial where lie is now
mending. In his extremity he grew very charitable, and
sent moneys for the release of most of the poor that were in
for debt at Madrid and other places.

Sir Robert Sherley, since his going to Holland, is much
railed at here by the Spaniards. His brother Sir Anthonie
hath an increase of pension, but not one penny neither of the
old nor new paid him. They have lately sent him the habit of
St. lago. He is rich in titles ; in all the rest exceeding poor.

The Constable of Castile is unlikely to return till next spring.
It is thought that Lerma, who was the cause of his remove,
may also hinder his return.

Don Pedro de Toledo hath choked the haven of Mamora, to
hinder the harbouring of the pirates there.

The nuncio hath absolved those of Saragossa, and all is well
accorded.

Don Antonio de Arostiqui on Aug. 22 n.s. received the habit
of St. lago, and shall be transferred to the business of Italy
and these parts. Man9icidor from Flanders takes his place
for the affairs of England, France and Low Countries.

One de Mott is expected ambassador here from Savoy.

When the Queen is delivered the King may go to Portugal,
but I hardly believe it.

3jpf>. XXII, 112.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 27. Antwerp. — I have this day yours of 26th
that you woidd have me send you a bill of exch. for Liege for
to receive 40/., which I cannot do because I have nobody that
owes me monev there.

124

I have sent you by this bearer. Sir Griffin Markham's footman,
the sum of 400 gs. in gold being in these pieces

85 single ducats at 4 gs 340

10 albertus at 5 g. 8 s<. ... ... ... 54

1 gold real &tQgs. ... ... ... ... 6

400

Use your discretion to send the money as you think good,
for I could not get a bill of exhange. At your leisure write
me 3 or 4 words of the receipt thereof.

f p. XLV, 28.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 18. Paris. — I delivered your motion upon the
christening of your son. Being entered into speech with his
Ip. concerning your wife's delivery I told him it would be a
great trouble to you to have the child christened there. He
said he knew not how you would do for it. I then told him
your desire to present your child to him to have it christened.
At this, never a word. You may infer your conclusion. " What
shall another man hope of his favour, if you be not better
respected ? "

Upon Bullion's reports that those of the Religion excused
themselves from yielding to the Queen's conditions, she has
ordered him to reiterate the proposal, and if they persist in
refusing, to return at once. She has written to the Assembly
in thundering and threatening style, and has commanded the
Reformed churches here to write to their deputies there to
recall them. This, they say, they alone have no authority to
do. At Charenton this day they decided to advise their
deputies that they will submit to the Queen's will. It behoves
them to do this being in the midst of the Catholics who begin
to threaten to put them out of Charenton. I suppose the like
commandment has been made to all the other Reformed
churches of France, in order to divide them.

This day Mr. Cottington passed through Paris on his return
to England. He dined with my lord. Mr. Poole and his two
youngest sisters are here.

[Postsmpt]. — The agent of Geneva gave me the enclosed
quart d'escu for you for the post of a letter to Hotman. If all
were as honest you should not be at such charges as you are
daily for them, without, I fear, great requital of thanks.

[On the cover]. The enclosed packet for Sir Ho. Vere is from
my lo. Chandos who is now in this town.

[On a slip attached*]. I have not as yet time to try my Id.'s
disposition concerning the christening of your son.
You ought to do it in confidence and faith and I am ashamed to
perceive in you any wavering apprehension to the contrary.

* Attached to this letter but apparently belonging to an earlier one.

125

I know that you proceed with caution, yet ... by turning
another way you might give too great a demonstration of
diffidence towards him of whom . . . you have so well
merited . . perhaps to the impairing of his affection towards
you, which I do hold yet to be very entire. If you will stay for
my next I will in the mean time discover his disposition.
2 pp. IV, 149.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 29. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 6th and 15th and
your message by Dickenson. Our Palatine with the connivance
of the elector of Brandenburg has obtained from the Electress
letters to the Kings of France and Gt. Britain, of which he means
to be the bearer to represent the justice of their protest against
the article of admission in the Juterbock treaty. The coming
of Markham, whom we daily expect, may make him change
his mind. Our Commissioners have as yet done little at Aix,
although they have no charge to treat with the ambassadors
of your archdukes or with those of the Elector of Cologne. I
take note that this stir is not only about the question of religion.
They have other grievances against their magistrat, and on
account of the Jesuits, for the expulsion of whom they still
press. You will see that this Commission would have suited
others better than me. The incidents which have occurred
cause me to expect fresh instructions from the Court. The
Commissioners of the emperor and his brother have arrived
at Rothemburg, where the United are well pleased with the
position.

1 p. French, xxvii, 100.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 22. Vlushing. — I have not heard from you since
I wrote about Mr. Pott I know not what to think of it. I send
you a barrel of the first oysters I had seen this season out of
England. The K. of Denmark hath wholly overthrown the
K. of Sweden, taken the castle of Calmar, and assailed that
King in his camp, taken all his ordnance, and spoiled his camp.
This will bring many great disadvantages to Christianity.

The Hague Assembly is dismissed, and our business I trust
will go much better than I expected. This year we shall not
disarm. God will be in the midst of their counsels and direct
all their ends to His glory.

I J pp. xxxix, 14.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Sept. 1. [Cologne]. — The Rotembourg meeting is not
finished. Those of Aix have informed the Electors, Princes
and Estates of the cause of their stir. I do not hear that they
have effected anything. I think something should be done

126

for them. As for the Papists when they have no fresh actions
or occasions, they devise others which pass the memory of man,
as the duke of Savoy does with the Genevese and Bernese,
from whom he now demands what they have held by the right
of arms for 80 years, and in spite of more recent treaties. He
is said to have imprisoned their envoys. This means open
war, but I find it difficult to believe.

The emperor and Mathias have settled their differences.
Those of the religion are increasing. In the Palatinate all is
quiet. The young Elector grows in mind and body, and was
16 on Aug. 26.

On his way home Newbourg visited the Elector of Cologne.
He seems pleased with his journey, and has brought back from
the Electress a protest against the admission of Saxony to the
treaty of Juterbock, with letters from her to the friendly kings
and states, which he means to present himself. He wants to
go to Mulhausen to air his grievances.

Those of Aix say they recognise only the emperor as their
chief, and the duke of Juliers as their protector, and that they
are independant of the archdukes. The Magistracy is disposed
to come to terms with the bourgeoisie conditionally on recover-
ing their former dignity.

3 pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 87.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 24. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of the 12th.
The Palatine Wolfgang William arrived here 8 days since, and
after 2 days went to Cleve whence he may go to the Hague,
and then forward on his main journey. Yet he would fain be
at the Electoral Assembly, being much moved with the decree
of the emperor, procured, as he said, by indirect means, which
enableth Deux Ponts to be present there and at similar diets,
as if he were an Elector, until the controversy of the adminis-
tration be decided. . . . touching the succession here, I
see no sign of a speedy end. The Palatine hath a declaration
from the Electress of Brandenburg, the drift being to traverse
the admission of the Saxon, wherein he hopes to find the two
kings and the States more favourable, because if there were
no impeachment Brandenburg and he would soon agree.
You will have understood by Markham why lie speaketh thus ;
I mean the appearance of his match in that House. Meantime
time will show how the elector of Brandenburg, who liketh the
converse held by his lady and the Palatine but dissembles it,
can avoid imputation of dishonour, and how the princes of the
Union will take this artifice, seeing some of them travailed in
the transaction of Guterboghe, and all approved it. He is
now on his way to Prussia whence he will send ambassador to
Polonia about the investiture of that Duchy, whose states
assemble next month.

127

We expect the marquis Ernest here ere long. He will bring
an order cancelling in some measure that former whereby his
power here was curbed.

1 p. XXII, 39.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury, to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 25. Salisbury House. — I have already told
that you must not expect reply to your letters when their
particulars were not of immediate consequence. Lest you
might undervalue your own endeavours, I take this notice of
your diligence.

For the banishment of Enghsh cloths, the remonstrance in
favour of our merchants, which you sent with yours of Aug. 28,
carries that sense in opposite of what is or may be urged to the
contrary, as howsoever they begin so roughly, we think they
will advise before they come to conclusion, lest upon examina-
tion and stop of commodities mutually transportable we return
them their own measure to their disadvantage.

Touching the Irish, Spanish and Archdukes' contribution
to the erection of those seminaries at Lille, Tournay, the perse-
cution of Protestants in the archdukes' territories with his
connivance, the publishing or countenancing of seditious books
against this state or our proceedings, the reception there of
poor seduced women and other malcontented fugitives ; they are
all fruits like the tree they grow on, unpleasant, unsound and
such as are far fitter for a settled peace to bring forth than
remedy.

The Spanish gentlewoman who shows herself so starring [sic\
a housewife liere for the building and benefit of the novitiate
at Louvain*, is of late nearly looked after, and shall be dealt
with as befits her merit and quality.

1 will leave these to come to the honest care and vigilancy
you have expressed in the business of Mr. Seymour, who by his
remove (as I understand) to France, hath ridden you of much
trouble, but left such a proof of your industry as cannot escape
H.M.'s approbation.

2 pp. xxxvi, 31.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Aug. 25. Salisbury house. — Covering a
letter from Salisbury, assuring him of affection and grateful
memory of his kindness.

|- p. Misc. Ill, 136.

* Dona Luisa de Carvajal. Trumbull says that within 4 years she had
remitted over 30,000 crowns begged as a benevolence from her acquaintance in
England, tor building the Eng. novitiate in Louvain. Trumbull to Salisburv,
11 Sept. lOU. S.P. Flanders, vol. x, £ol. 116d.

128

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 29. Paris. — " I have received your letter by
Captain Patton. You have reason to find it strange that they
are no more sensible in England of the important advertisement
which you have given touching the design for the banishment
of our cloths out of those parts, which . . they should not so
much neglect unless they were persuaded that either the
Archdukes will not take that resolution, or else that he is not
able, in case he should do it, to wrong our State thereby. But
it hath been always our custom to seek still to put off the time
and never to endeavour the preventing of mischiefs till they
be fallen upon us, which maketli that afterwards they are not
either at all to be remedied or at the least not without great
difficulty. If you find that the said matter is still pursued
there, methinks it were not amiss that you dealt therein with
the archduke himself and some of his principal ministers, to let
them know that, having understood that such a thing hath
been in deliberation, you were bound in duty to represent unto
them how great a violation the same woidd be of the treaty,
wherein as your diligence will be fully justified, so upon the
certifying of their answer into England it will be a means to
make them there more sensible of that which is fit to be further
done therein.

But touching the strangeness of our proceedings in England
I will let you pri\ately know that Sir John Digby had charge
at his arri\al in Spain to make a motion for a marriage between
our Prince and the Infanta of Spain, which offer upon his urging
to receive a resolution therein, hath been refused, not only in
regard that they could not make any alliance with us, being of
the profession which we are, but also for that they had already
concluded a match for the Infanta with this young king, where-
unto that the Spaniards have condescended so contrary to their
former custom, whicli was never to marry an heir of Spain
out of their own house, certainly it is not without a deep design
to make their profit by the said match for the recovering of the
United Pro\inces. I doubt not but they will be much startled
in England when they shall receive that news, which Mr.
Cottington, who passed lately this way, hath carried thither.
Sir John Digby, in hope to have drawn on this match, hath
put himself into a strange pompous living in Spain, and withal
he maketh such insinuations with Creswell the Jesuit, and doth
give him publicly so extraordinary entertainment, as all the
priests which are of the contrary faction are extremely
scandalized withal. How this kind of proceeding can be good
or honourable for the state I do not for my part understand,
but either his authority must be very special, or his courage
very great that dareth to commit these adventures. But out
of England I have nothing but continual complaints of the
greatness of the king's wants."

129

The assembly of those of the Religion which hath long held
lis in an unquiet suspense is now brought to a quiet issue, so
that we hold oursehes thereby secured to enjoy a profound
peace. I will refer you to Beaulieu's letters for all the
particidars. With . . remembrances to honest Colonel
Patton to whom my wife and I heartily wish all comfort and
confusion to his enemies.

[Postscript]. — My wife is lately brought abed of a daughter.
I wish it Avere a son.

2J pp. Seal. XXIV, 102.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Sept. 8. [Cologne].— I thank you for the book. The
prince of Hessen is much pleased with his reception at Aix.
He was met outside the town, and is lodged and defrayed by
the Protestant citizens. They have begged him to represent
their troubles to the Landgrave, his Father, who will preside
for the emperor at the meeting at Nuremberg on the 29th o.s.,
Mulhausen being plague-stricken. The only courtesy shown
here to the prince is the offering of wine on two occasions.

The question of war charges keeps the princes at Rotembourg.
I send you what I have received of their proceedings* — licet
multa maneant mutila et etiam vitiosa quae supplere et emendare
non fuit meae rationis. Qualem accepi, talem et mitto. Omnia
ego vestrae prudentiae relinquo.

As for the emperor and his brother, Rome and Spain will be
able to turn the whole game against us. I hope the prudence
of the Queen and her Council will dispel the clouds which
overhang France.

Savoy, on pretence of the plague at Geneva, has stopped
commerce and awaits the answer of Berne to the demands
made by him at Baden for the restoration of the Vaux. I hear
de Plessis' book has embittered things at Saumur, being
published during the meeting.

At Aix the magistracy is still very obstinate, refusing to
accept the three points of the citizens, viz. abolition of the
Jesuits, admission to the Senate of men of both religions, and
free exercise of religion. This nearly caused a fresh outbreak,
the citizens now demanding the forcible dismissal of the magis-
tracy and the election of a new one. They have consulted the
archives, citing the letters of the archbishop of Cologne to the
magistracy, and the latter's reply. The citizens have been
formed into 24 ensigns with 6 of young men and 2 of soldiers.

3 pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 88.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 8. Diisseldorp. — I have not yet thanked you
for yours of Aug. 11 with enclosures from Paris. Mr. Dickenson

* At page 122 above,
\Vt, 121B Down. 111—9

130

tells me all you write to him, and I have asked de Preaux to
treat you the same way.

Our Palatine has gone to Holland with the intention of going
further if not diverted by stronger persuasions than those of
Dickenson and myself. We are amazed at having no news
from Markham. As for Aix the new troubles which occur
daily through the bitterness of the people, the obstinacy of the
Magistral, and the rivalry and varied claims of so many
Ambassadors and Commissioners, throw back the settlement
desired and devised by the Commissioners of these PP. Is it
true that the j'oung I^andgrave has aspired to a young English
princess ? How will he be received by your PP. at Brussels.

f p. French, xxvii, 101.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 30. Paris. — I am now answerable for two of yours.
I return your particular letters to my lord and Mrs. Anne Wood,
as two night-undertakers, which finding no sure access for the
executing of their enterprise, are glad to retire back without
being discovered. One thing only I am sorry for that by my
too silly building upon the plain grounds of justice, honour,
reason and conscience I have been the cause to see you so
shamefully disappointed. . . . Your letter to mil. I have
made bold to open, presuming upon that which in the beginning
of yours to me you mention to have written to his Ijd. concerning
the banishing of the English cloths out of those countries. He
much blames " the carelessness used in England in a matter
of such importance."

On the receipt of the Queen's letter the greater part of the
Assembly did show themselves as firm as before, so that if the
matter had passed by voices, as the use is amongst them, the
command and threats were like to have been as strongly with-
stood as before, which the duke of Bouillon perceiving, called
unto his lodging some of those whom he knew to be of the same
affection with him, and made them all promise one to another
that they would not join in the resolution of the rest ; whereupon
all agreed to submit to the Queen's command. The news is
welcome here, and they are eased of the apprehension they had
since the King's death, and no small honour is ascribed to
Bouillon for it. Yesterday de la Varenne came from Saumur,
bringing the names of the six deputies, of whom the Q. is to
choose two ; which done, they shall all repair to their homes.
This has laid open the dissensions of the Protestants, but it
is better for them to have the matter determined. I send you
copy of a letter of the Assembly to the Protestants of the
Province with a full account of their proceedings. The business
of Aix begins to trouble them, lest the Protestants make them-
selves masters of the town. A difference has fallen out between
the pope and the d. of Savoy, by reason of certain places
depending of the see of Rome, which the d. hath bought of the

131

bishop of Aost without the pope's ratification of the contract.
Tlie pope threatens the d. with ecclesiastical censure but has
had little power to make him quit his prize.

My lady was delivered of a girl last week. The year in this
country is called Vannee des filles. The K. and Q. will be god-
fathers.

Mr. Staniwise, Mr. Wright, and some other priests of our
Bruxellian acquaintance have been here some three weeks,
and will return shortly.

{Postscript]. — 1 send papers and letters from one Mr.
Swinnerton, which he says you desire. Mr. Hotman's packet
contains bills of exchange.

'2\ pp. IV, 151.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 30. Vlushing. — I have your letter by the party
who passeth this way with the ambassador's stuff. You may
be sure that I will show him e^'ery courtesy. You say in the
former part of your letter that to take from our people this
imputation of incivility and rudeness which some unmannerly
prentices and base fellows have cast upon us wherewith you are
daily upbraided, therefore to show courtesy. I pray you write
plainly whether I am one in that number by them marked or
branded to use unkindness, and then how far and unto whom
that hath been practised by me. If it be by such kind of people
only that we are upbraided, I pass by it till they may fall into
my fingers when I will be satisfied. ... I cannot think
it possible either for you or myself nor not for no man living
to have the friendly speech of all men. ... In these parts
we are making ready 18 ships of war to go against the pirates,
as we give out here, but, as a secret, I am informed that the
Admiral shall have commission of reprisal for the loss received
by some of the Spanish ships and galleys unto two or three
Holland ships in the East Indies. I have sent the edict you
sent me to the States at Middelburg, and shall have it back in
a day or two, and you shall hear their judgment thereon. We
are come to a stay for one year longer in the purpose to reduce
our army, and we begin to hope that this Province will at
length be persuaded to augment their cotisations for the main-
tenance of their army.

2 pp. XXXIX, 15.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Aug. 31. Ylushing. — This goes by your brother. I
could not persuade him to rest himself a day or two with me.
He Cometh (as he tells me) unto your child's christening. I
thought I should have heard from you concerning that before
now. May be your acquaintance with some of our English
merchants at Antwerp hath already furnished you with a
minister.

1 p. XXXIX, 16.

132

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Sept. 10, N.s. [Endorsed 31 Aug.].
The Hague. — Our States have taken this last week a worthy
resolution. They have already 8 ships at sea against the
pirates, which shall be renforced and refreshed and by Sept.
30 N.s. 8 more shall be under sail at Faymouth in the west of
England. Hawteyn, the Admiral of Zeland, shall command
in chief. His vice-admiral is Captain Lunbre* who is now at
sea with the first 8 ships. This fleet shall [be] furnished for six
months. The K. of Denmark is master of the castle of Calmar.
The little islands about treat for their peace. That king sends
Dr. Jonas Carisius to England to render account to H.M. of
their of those affairs.

The Coadjutor of Cologne is chosen Coadjutor of Munster
notwithstanding the legation the States sent thither at the
instance of the Landgrave of Hessen to divert them from that
purpose, who, it seems, could have been content to have that
revenue devised upon one of his young sons. The Elector of
Brandenburg has sent hither one Dr. Stenechen to entreat
the States to send an ambassage to Prussia, whether he is going
to assist him in a treaty he is to hold with the K. of Pologne,
but the time is so peremptory which he doth assign, Sept. 16
S.N. that the States, I think, will hardly in so short a time take
the resolution, for here we proceed plumbeis pedibus. Therefore
we say [we] will not make any accord with the K. Matthias,
but refer the decision of all their differents to the Assembly
of the Electors at Mulhausen. He hath declared under his
hand the d. of Deuxponts to assist in that Assembly as Adminis-
trator of Heidelberg, at which resolution the d. of Neuberg and
the P. his son will hold themselves extraordinarily prejudiced.

You will tell me what answer I am to make to the enclosed ;
none at all will be best of all.

[On the cover]. I pray you, sir, give conveyance of these to
Sir John Digby.

2 pp. XLVii, 38.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 11. Diisseldorp. — A secretary of the Landgrave's
is liere in search of his young master to bring him instruction,
and charged to learn our Palatine's decision about ratifying
the treaty of Juterbock, the new Elector of Saxony only wishing
to know yea or nay from the said Palatine to settle his own
decision, the more so because he sees the treaty accepted by
our vote and by the United Princes and, all of whom are in
favour of it. The said young Landgrave brings a full and
absolute declaration of approval from your king. I am
astonished at this useless journeying of the Palatine, and
above all at Markham who, doing nothing for himself, does

♦ Moy Lambert of Rotterdam. Meteren ; Hist, des Pays Baa, f. 719d,

133

not advance his affairs by this means with England. Heaven
advise them all.

I hear nothing from Aix nor Rothemburg since my last.

^ p. French, xxvii, 102.

News from C'assau.

1611, Sept. 14. — They write of a report of the arrival of
1,000 men to assist Gabriel Batory and that our army has been
placed in great peril. This caused great fear to the wife of the
Count Palatine, who had decided to withdraw, if her husband
had not prevented it. The master of the posts at Cassau had
no other news except that our men were still doing well.
Yesterday they brought here a captain of the Heyducs with
five banners stained with blood, one of which bore the device
of Batory. Yesterday also Captain Forgatsch, recently lost
in the attack by the Heyducs, arrived with 16 persons. The
Palatine at once despatched him across the Theiss with 200
men to open the pass to Sachsmar. Yesterday the Palatine
sent out 50 horse to the Tscheta, who returned to-day with
four waggons. They received 1,000 thalers among them and our
enemies will think that the Palatine took this for himself.

I p. German. Misc. iii, 180.

The same news, omitting the latter half.
I p. French. Misc. iii, 139.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 5. Paris. — Of that matter [the christening of
Trumbull's son] I am ashamed to speak.

The Queen has chosen the two Deputies to reside here for
the churches. The Assembly is very ill satisfied with her choice.
The Q. goes to Fontainebleau to recreate her spirits after these
agitations. Her departure will empty this town for a month
or two. I propose to spend a good part of it in the country.

The marquis of Guadalesta arrived yesterday.* The Spanish
marriages are to be double, which causeth no small alarm not
only to the ministers of all other states but to a great number
in this from apprehension of the mischief which may ensue to
this Crown. And now a marriage is to be broached between
the Prince of Wales and the second daughter of France. I
intreat you to keep the news to yourself.

HPP- '^^«^- IV' 152.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 5. Vlushing.— Mr. Pott will hardly be able to
come to you by your day appointed. He passeth hence to you
this day Wednesday at 11. I direct him to Mr. Wathers and

* Ambassador from the emperor, who went on to Brussels in the following
month. Venetian Calendar, Vol. xii, page 222.

134

Mr. Brownlow as you wish. I am greatly busied with some of
our States concerning the fortification of our town.

[Postscript]. — I have a letter from our ambassador at Paris
confirming what you write of the Queen's great discontent
against those of the Assembly at Saunuir, and that they must
separate.

1 p. XXXIX, 17.

H. BiLDERBECK to WlLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Sept. 15. [Cologne]. — I have yours of 5th with those
for Hotman and Dickenson. Mathias after a banquet at the
Castle, where Brunswick represented the emperor, has left
Prague for Silesia without audience of the emperor. Tennagel
is more closely shut up for ha^'ing written letters to Leopold,
which the States of Bohemia intercepted. Tiie Spanish
Ambassador, having received a large sum from his King, is
going to see the new Elector at Dresden, and thence will go
to the electoral meeting at Nuremberg, where there will be a
difficulty about housing so man)-. The fowrier of the bishop
of Mayence is already there to arrange his master's quarters.
The Mulhausen people complain of the expense incurred in view
of the meeting being there. The count of Hanau has been sent
for by the emperor. The Princes left Rotembourg well pleased
with themselves and the towns also. I am assured that the
elector of Saxony will be admitted to the Union. The plague
is spreading in Germany, and may be increased by the Frankfort
fair. It is very bad in Switzerland. From Aix we hear that
the Protestants consider the old magistracy as broken and are
proposing to choose a new one.

2 pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 89.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 6, o.s. Venice. — I have your last of 23 August.
Every day brings some novelty from Rome. You liave heard
of the affront to Card. Gioiosa.* Tlie French are now beginning
to expect present satisfaction. ... It is nuich noted how the
French faction in that city is on the sudden raised from almost
nothing to an invidious greatness, of which they made a vaunting
demonstration on the feast of St. Lewis, when 25 cardinals
were assembled instead of 3 or 4, and Card. Borghese appeared
among them, which was a great eyesore to the Spanish party.
The Spanish ambassador cannot contain his displeasure and
not many days since he expostulated with Don Philippo Colonna,
a creature of Spain, for hiring his palace to Card. Gonzaga . . .
who has spoken contemptuously of the Spanish nation in
public. . . . At the first promotion of the new cardinals it
was conceived that the Spaniards had the advantage . .

* Pi-aufois de Joyeuso. The arrest of his servants l)y the Roman police (or helping
to rescue a prisoner.

135

but the French have since shown that, with the exception of
Borgia and one neutral, the rest are properly theirs. At the
last audience of the Spanish ambassador the pope challenged
him for omitting to thank him for this promotion, whereto the
ambassador passionately replied that it was sufficient he had
held from expostulation considering the manifest neglect of the
king, his master. The Venetian ambassador also spoke to the
pope about the passing over the subjects of this state. The
pope replied that he thought they esteemed not that dignity
but promised to be mindful of them at the next promotion.
But in the Senate the duke showed the inconveniences that
would follow the cardinalating of any of their nobility, and the
ofRciousness of their ambassador was generally condemned.
Letters were written forbidding him to treat with the pope in
any matter concerning this state without express order.

Here hath been a late alarm of wars, which mucii startled
our Italians who have not heard the noise of a cannon a long
time in Italy. The agents were the Spaniards, and the Genoese,
who are born to suffer, are the patients. The latter had pur-
chased from the emperor the imperial fee of Sassell, which
much offended them as a resort of bandits. As they were about
to receive the investiture, Spanish forces from Alessandria
took it by surprise. The violent proceeding hath been generally
misliked by all the Italian princes, who begin to fear that the
Spaniards will not leave until they have all. The Spaniards
pretend it was done to forestall the duke of Savoy, but that
does not pass here where it is known that the Genoese could
of themselves have made the place good against the duke
without Spanish help. In answer to their expostulations the
constable of Milan referred them to the Court of Spain, while
the emperor's commissary was referred to the ambassador at
Prague.

I have had a shrewd conflict this last week with the nuncio*
and his crew of Inquisitors to get an old man, one Jacomo
Castelvetro, out of their prison when they had him condemned
as a relapsed heretic. By the favour of this state he was
delivered to me . . . and I have sent him away in safety.

4 pp. XV, 3.

Isaac Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 6 o.s. — Thanks for letter of 10 August. Sends
answer for his cousin, Lionel Wake.

\ p. XLIII, 1.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 6. Hague. — On 31st Aug. I had a letter from
you. I cannot say how these men construe the latter end of
that edict, for I never heard anything spoken of it. I have at

• Berlinger Gipsio, bishop of Rimini. See Veneiian Calendar, Vol. xii, p. 210.

136

length borrowed one of the treaties of peace eoneluded in
East Friesland between the Count and the town of Embden.
I am promised more of them when they come from there.
They are hard to come by. I have not in all this time been
able to send Mr. Dickenson any of them. Yesterday the prince
of Neuberg retvu-ned to Cleves for a few days, and goes on to
Noremberg to be present at the Assembly. That done, he will
post into France, and so to England and return this way. He
was very well treated by the States and his Excellency. The
States defrayed him in his lodgings ; the reckoning coming to
2,508 gilders. H.E. presented him with a very fair horse.
The prince was well attended with his Council, with four counts,
and with many gentlemen. His train was 120 persons. He
carried himself so nobly and liberally that all men speak well
of him. My 1. writes you of the merchants' remove from Stade.
l^ pp. XLVi, 28.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 7. Paris. — I ^\Tite by Sir Griffin Markham. I
have yours of 30 Aug. During the Saumur Assembly hardly
any other matter hath been stirring in this Court.

Sir Griffin is departing suddenly upon letters received from
the prince of Neuburg whereby he is desired to repair privately
to him in Holland, but he doth not understand the prince's
purpose to go to England. He is rather expected to return
to Germany. Markham seemeth to have so strictly tied his
hopes unto the prince for the repairing of his fortunes, that
upon the recent news of the latter's hurt, he protested seriously
to me that if his misfortune had miscarried by that accident,
he would have betaken himself to a monastery. His business
here will not be greatly to the comfort of his master in this
negociation.

I wonder that the King of Denmark should have taken the
Castle of Colmar, for we had been advertised of his utter over-
throw and flight. If the latter were true, he could liardly have
recovered so as to set again upon his enemy. We therefore
suspend our beliefs.

By my last I omitted to tell you that the States, to prevent
the growing of those new schisms among them, had made
instance to those of this church by Monsr. Artsens to have
Monsr. du Moulin, our best champion, licensed to live among
them. But this was so strongly opposed here as almost to
breed a tumult.

To the prejudice of Sully the count of Soissons beginneth to
exercise a superintendence in the charge of great master of the
Ordnance, which the young marquis of Rosny, his son, doth
enjoy.

Three or four ships are ready to go from Brittany to Canada
with gentlemen, who, at the example of tlie English in Virginia,
go to assure the plantations begun there. The leader is Monsr.

137

de Monts, a Protestant, whom the K. doth countenance with
his authority. But the Jesuits are working another plantation
of their own in the same place, lest our Religion should take
foot there. Herewith I send copy of tlie Protestants' demands
to the Q. at Saumur with tAvo other new pamphlets.
2 pp. IV, 153.

News from Constantinople.

1611, Sept. 7. — We hear news of the death of Murat Bassa,
general against the Persians, who died suddenly near Tauris,
whether of age or melancholy no man knoweth. His son-in-
law Ali Bassa, who is Beglerbey of Greece, caused the army
to stay and sent the news to the Grand Signor asking for
instructions. The messenger arrived in 20 days, to the general
admiration. The Grand Signor and all here are much amazed
at the tidings and very sorrowful. A council was held at once
and it was decided not to make Ali general but to appoint
Nasuff Bassa, Beglerbey of Diarbekir, a man reputed generally
to be both valorous, of long experience in war-like affairs and
mighty both in money and men, and one that was ever an
adversary of the deceased Murat. He was made both head
Vizier and General, with orders to march on the course Murat
began, if the extraordinary winter does not prevent. It is here
reported that this great dignity was granted to him so that he
might not rebel and to withdraw him to the Porte.

The Polish ambassador arrived and was admitted. He only
came to complain against the prince of Transylvania, who is
here in my house. No answer was given them but the next
day when he came for it to the Vizerey he was so rebuffed for
that the king of Poland doth aid Prince Sherban and for
meddling with the Transyhanians and with us, that he was
much amazed and feared to be committed to the Towers, which
in the end, it is thought, will hardly miss him.

Postscript : News is just brought that the prince of Transyl-
vania hath overthrown prince Sherban who only escaped with
a few horsemen. They have taken 400 Poles alive ; 5,000
Poles and Bugdans slain. All the artillery and munitions
carried into Cibin, which was besieged by Sherban, are in great
hope to be taken but for the resolution and policy of the prince
of Transylvania.

2 pp. XV, 19.

Thomas Floud to William Teumbull.

1611, Sept. 18 N.s. Paris. — Expressing the sense of his
manifold obligations. Does not know if Mr. Thorys has taken
order for Trumbull's discharge.

p. XXV, 20.

138

Sir Ralph Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 18 N.s. Hague. — I may not suffer Sir Charles
Morgan to come to you without a line from me. I have your
last with enclosed to the P. of Nuberg, which this day I dis-
patched to him. It is long since I heard out of England, which
I cannot impute to the wind, but rather to the absence of the
Court, and that all things are quiet.

f p. XLVi, 29.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 9. Vlushing. — I have left the edict that you sent
me unto our States of this Province, being now assembled, to
take their full time therein. I gave it to one of their number,
and he returned it but on Saturday last. He tells me they will
advise the States General to declare to the archduke that he
do usurp on their sovereignty and to persist that it be no more
practised in any such like their writings hereafter. The honester
sort of these people do judge out of these and other audacious
attempts both of the archdukes and Spain that this patched-up
treaty hath nothing at all redeemed them from the bondage
of Spain, and truly I think no better of it than of a dream that
presenteth only a semblance of truth, but being avowed all is
found fictions and lies, and so is this truce, bvit only while they
serve their own ends

1 doubt not your care over the practises of our king and
country's enemies. I wish they at home were as wakeful over
our Irish enemies' practises. It seemeth to me that God hath
decreed that we must be once again troubled with that rebellious
nation. I have small thanks for ought I advertise of that kind,
and whenever I attrap or send any of them over from hence,
they are presently released. I will leave this unpleasing subject,
and begin to tell you of what else I know from other parts.
Out of England I hear the pirates are gone from the coast of
Ireland towards Italy to ports belonging to the duke of Florence,
they having refused the king's pardon for their lives only.
The States' 17 ships of war under our Admiral of Zeland
Hauthane will sail hence on Oct. 1, n.s., victualled for six
months. If they have no other business that will be a lost
charge.

2 pp. xxxix, 18.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 10. London. — I came hither on Saturday from
the country, where my \vife is forcibly detained as a pledge
for my return, which I am now to make. The King, Queen and
Prince returning from the progress met at Hampton Court on
Saturday. During this progress there hath been some con-
testation between their Mat'*"" about Sir Tho. Overbury's
offence, and though her Ma'*'" displeasure be not yet much

130

mitigated, Sir Thomas begins to approach the Court again,
his great friend Rochester much labouring in his behalf. Mr.
Humfrey May, some time a follower of the late Earl of Devon-
shire, is sworn a referendary for Irish causes, hath a patent
passed for Clerk of the Signet with a fee, and hath power to
get bills signed, whereby you will say Sir T. Lake's lustre is
obscured ; but Sir Thomas hath an addition to his estate of
20,000/. by his father-in-law's death, Sir Wm. Ryder, in whose
place in the Custom house Mr. Sucklin succeeds. Mr. " Rafe "
Ewens after 13 days' sickness is dead, leaving his wife worth
5,000/., but giving nothing worth naming to his kindred, friends
nor servants. Sir John Digby by his proposition of marriage
hath plainly disco^"ered a secret and very strict league between
France and Spain, and the young Infanta is to be fianced to the
French king. No ambassador is nominated for your parts,
only Mr. Calvert is uncertainly spoken of. We begin to think
the E. of Northumberland shall be made pay the ancient fine,
and so perhaps let rest. His Ma'y would be much displeased
that the States should make Vorstius professor at Leyden in
Arminius' room in regard of his blasphemous book De Attributis
Dei. The former reports of King Mathias' reconcilement with
the emperor are not true. The suspicion of an intended surprise
of Juliers, Duren and Hamback was idly founded.

I yesterday solicited your pay for July to September, mainly
to protest, for there is not de quoi. If your occasions require
it, spare not to charge me by your bills of exchange.

Mr. Sanford hath been sick of a flux and the grudging of a
calentura, but is recovered. Mr. Cottington is arrived.

2^ pp. XXXII, 27.

J. Eeaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 11. Paris. — The Spaniards have taken a little
town or castle called Sacillo belonging to Genoa, at which the
neighbouring princes including the d. of Savoy are alarmed.
" This is a Spanish reward for all the services which that
seignorie hath so long a time and in so meritorious a sort done
unto them." The princess of Conde is gone to your parts to
visit her sister-in-law, the princess of Orange. Her mother-in-
law did purpose to go with her. The Q., free of the Protestant
business, will go next week to Fontainebleau till she has to meet
the duchess of Lorraine at Monceaux. The duchess of Mantua,
their sister, is dead. My lord's daughter will be christened
to-morrow, and Bouillon, just returned from Saumur, is to
present it for the K. and the princess of Orange for the Q. A
great banquet is prepared for the ladies. Sir Gr. Markham left
order with me to deal with Berruyer to take upon him the
service of the prince of Neuberg in these parts, with a pension
of 200 or 300 cr. But this matter being evente, it hath put
many men, who afl'ect those businesses, in jealousy of tiiis dealing
whereupon he gave out that he would employ none but a

140

Catholic. They all wish he were removed from the prince lest
his counsels lead him into some prejudicial course both to his
sta,te and his religion.
ll pp. IV, 154.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 11. Vlushing. — I received late last night your
French advertisements by Mr. Pott, and return them, having
taken a copy for my own use. Some of our States knew much
thereof before. The King and Queen are at Hampton Court,
and still we study to devise in all pleasure to forget the time.
Your ambassador's men and goods are yet here expecting a
good wind. They have stayed long for it. Rich old Sutton
is dead and hath left a mass of wealth, bequeathing much to
charitable uses. Being so ill-gotten, I fear it will not be well
bestowed. Sir George Beeston, only son of Sir Hugh Beeston,
hunting in Sir Tho. Lee's [Leigh] park in Warwickshire, fell
from his horse and broke his neck, a fearful ending, he having
lived an evil life.

1 p. XXXIX, 19.

Sir Ralph Winwood's first Remonstrance to the
States General of the United Provinces.

1611, Sept. 21. ^Concerning Vorstius. [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 293.]

6j pp. French ; and another copy 3| pp. French. XLvii,
39, 40.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 14 o.s. Madrid. — The ordinary is 7 or 8 days
late. Lerma is out of danger. The King's confessor in his
sickness informed against Don Roderigo Calderon, who is of the
greatest power witli the duke and is much hated. The Queen
bears him great ill will. There is speech of his removing from
Court, but Lerma will uphold him.

In the interim Franc" Hobo Castrillo, a chief officer to
secretary Prada, is to assist Calderon. This trouble of tlie
duke's hath been seconded with the loss of the duchess of
Useda, his eldest son's wife. On the 22 of this month n.s. at
11 at night the Queen was delivered of a son at the Escorial.

There is small pox in my house here, and I have been ill.
Three weeks ago my wife was delivered before her time, the
child being dead. She is recovering. I have the pleasantest
house in Madrid with gardens and other conveniences. But
for that I think half of us would have been dead by this time.

2 pp. XXII, 113.

News from Vienna.

1611, Sept. 24. — The Buchaimer Reiters are sent towards
Pressburg, to continue thence to Upper Hungary. Similarly
the Dampierre horse arrived yesterday at Langen Enzersdorf.

141

These also are to go to Pressburg and on to Upper Himgary
against the Siebenburgers. Our troops are also going against
Bathori and the Wayda of Wallachia is to join with them against
the Siebenburghers to give them battle. It is expected that
the Bassa of Erlaw will put in an appearance with a number of
people and with supplies of cattle, and from this it is feared that
he means to help Bathori. For the rest the Palatine is still at
Caschau and the Siebenburgen ambassador is here.
I p. German. Misc. in, 180.

Another version of the same news.
1 p. French. Misc. iii, 140.

News from Prague.

1611, Sept. 26. — By the emperor's command the prince of
Anhalt and the Count of Hanau have arrived here and the
latter will be received as Grand Steward and is also to have
the presidency of the Imperial Chamber. The margrave of
Anspach is also expected at his Majesty's desire while Councillor
Matheus Welser has been deputed as adjunct for the Electoral
diet at Nuremberg.

The directors of the Bohemian Estates, twelve in number,
have in these last days stopped the new buildings and galleries
at the castle of Prague which makes the emperor the more
eager to depart from here. The remainder of the Passau troops
ha^ e again been ordered to leave the country because Archduke
Leopold means to enlist fresh troops at Passau for which cause
the burghers have been warned to guard their gates carefully
at night.

1 p. German. Misc. in, 180.

The same news, except the last paragraph.
I p. French. Misc. in, 139.

[John Sanford] to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 17. Madrid. — I hope your Debora hath made
you father of a second son, which I wish might have been my
1. ambassador's happiness at Paris, who beginneth to be cumbered
with the other sex. My lady here has had a still born child.
To parallel your happiness the Queen of Spain on Thursday
had a son at the Escurial, for which we have candles apiece at
every door. Cottington left on Aug. 12. Lerma has been
sick, but is partly recovered.

Sir Anthony Shirley has a libranza for payment of his pension
of 3,000 ducats p. a. to be paid out of the millions of Granada
whither he is now gone by the Escurial to thank the King.

It is ordered that no soldiers that pretend for pensions or
entertainments shall put up any memorials from March next
till Oct. following. For those already given in, two Saturdays

142

in every month are assigned for their audience and despatch.
Some think it is to stop the recourse of your Flanders soldiers
that resort hither for pensions, who are to be remitted to their
officers for all payments. Others that it is to disburden the
King and Court of their clamours that the K. may be free for
his journey to Portugal in the spring.

Small pox has affected some of our household, and others
lie sick to the death. My Id. is troubled with a catarrh. I am
sorry for Mr. Lionel Wake whose near kinsman and my 1.
ambassador's brother-in-law is here with us, Mr. Baldwin Wake
of Northamptonshire. Mr. Cawley's case shows that money
matters much with the Grandees here. Sir Anthony and such
other ill members are the ones that thrive most here.

2 pp. Signed Johannes de Bruxelles. xxxvi, 46.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Sept. 18. Hague. — Pray convey the
enclosed. I think Mr. Serle by this time hath left France, and
I dare not adventure more letters to him. I entreat you to
recommend these to Mr. Beaulieu. Sir Chalistenes Brookes
died two days since. His lady and children are left very poor.
He was one that always desired to make debts but was ever
unwilling to pay them. It is too early days to say what the
States will do with his Company, but there is one Sir John Vere
(now, I think, at Brussels) who hath the next promise. If he
come to you, let him know this.

M}' 1. has letters from H.M. and my 1. Treasurer about one
Vorstius, who was to be admitted professor of Divinity at
Leyden, but he holds such strange opinions as appears in his
book De attributis Dei that the King protests against him, to
which purpose my 1. has now made a proposition in the Assembly
of the States General, letting them know the dangers that will
ensue upon his admission. We have not received the answer,
but they promise it shall give H.M. contentment. Your last
was of Aug. 24 and my last to you of the 6th p"*

1^ pp. XLVi, 30.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Sept. 29. [Cologne].— I have yours of 15th and 19th.
The book Clavicula Solomonis cannot yet be had, all our book-
sellers being at Frankfort fair. From Prague we hear of the
occupation of Sassello by the Spaniards, which had been sold
by the Emperor as dominus foedi to Genoa. His officers closed
all the passages to keep the news from his Ma'^, but he heard
of it, and summoning some of his Council asked why they
concealed a matter of such consequence. Next day he wrote
to Anhalt and Anspach, bidding them to come to Prague as
he had a communication to make. As they did not say whether
thev would come or not, Colonel Gunterort was sent to fetch

143

them. Brandenburg is sending his counsellors to Xm-emberg,
as he has gone to Prussia. Deux Ponts and Newbvirg will be
there, the latter demanding that his cause may be heard first,
according to the Golden Bull. The plague is raging at Zurich.
The Palatine of Neuburg left the Hague two days ago for
Bonn.

The Commissioners of Brandenburg and two deputies of Aix
are at Cleves to take advice about their difficulties, for the
Magistracy renew their threats, and the others say they will no
longer bear this tyrant. Two ambassadors sent from France
to settle the matter are expected daily — viz. the Marquis de
Vieuville and the President of Metz.* I hear the assembly at
Saumur is ending with disadvantage to the religion. Each of
them seeks his own without caring for the public weal.

2^ pp. French. Signed Sylvester Pistorius. Seal, viii,
90.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 21, o.s. Diisseldorp. — Wolfgang William, after
a day's stay here, went to his father ; from him he will to the
Electoral Diet at Nuremberg, afterwards perhaps to England
and France. But he has no reason to hope that the two kings
wall run a separate course from the Union, which supports the
Saxon Elector, who also is willing to enter that body, and with
him the rest of his house, if he be assisted to maintain the treaty
of Guterboghe. He has already in part obtained his desire, for
the princes have written to the old Palatine and to the elector
of Brandenburg, whose inconstancy they dislike. Four of them
likewise have pressed the young Palatine by a joint letter, not
without sharpness, as himself hath told me. It is therefore
vain to build longer on weak foundations and would be better
to choose the less of two evils.

The French Ambassagc much perplexeth the Protestants
of Aquisgrane in regard of the ground from which they fear it
proceedeth, but they have some comfort, in that Hotman is
adjoined to assist. Your deputies are still too busy, for although
they press no further the pretension of advocacy etc. (which they
did, until their weatherbeaten allegations of registers w^ere
refuted by fresher records), yet they stand hotly on the com-
mission given their prince for the execution of the Imperial
mandate, as if it were yet in force. The poor Protestants have
another disadvantage in the open disfavour of our Palatine,
who is rather against them than a protector, and so the Commis-
sioners of this State, one of whom belongeth to him, no longer
run in one line. Hotman went yesterday for Aquisgrane, and
sends a letter for Monsr. Beaulieu.

1 p. XXII, 40.

* Lrtz.ire de Selvo, seigneur dii Briieil.

144

News from Prague.

1611, Oct. 1. — Yesterday early the petty Bohemian Landrath
opened and the great one to day, at the castle, attended hy many
of the Bohemian nobility and country people. The emperor's
journey has again been postponed and the coaches and coachmen
engaged for this have been dismissed. It is supposed that his
Majesty will winter here and see what the Electoral diet will
bring forth.

Early to-morrow the Spanish ambassador resident here will
leave for Nuremberg, for the Electoral diet. He has dressed
his servants sumptuously in A'elvet.

The Bohemian Estates will be sending these days a solemn
embassy to this diet of nine of the leading men of the country,
to wit : the Counts of Thuren and Schlieden, the Herren Adam
von Walstein, von Fels, Wilhelm Popel, Kinsky and others, who,
they say, have been cited to appear before the Electors. This
is solely because of the purloining of the kingdom of Bohemia,
on which account their king Matthias is much condemned.
His Majesty is still at Breslau, being unable to agree with the
Silesians. There is a great dispute between them about con-
firming their ancient privileges which is not settled ; they have
not done homage to his Majesty and it is supposed he will not
be leaving very soon. There has also been a dispute between
Archduke Charles, bishop of Breslau and Archduke Charles of
Minsterberg, as chief captain of Silesia. The bishop claims
precedence, but the Silesian princes will not admit it and the
chief captain has gone before all the others. This has annoyed
the bishop greatly and he would not be present but only sent
his people.

The Landgrave of Leichtenberg arrived yesterday from
burying his wife. The emperor is allowing the completion of
the building in hand. On Wednesday he conferred intimately
with the count of Hanau. Yesterday Herr Hegemiller set out
for Herr von Lamberg at Vienna. They have a commission
to settle a dispute over salt between Bavaria and Salzburg.

When the Spanish ambassador expressed a wish to be present
at the assembly with the Electors he was told that he would
be sent for if his king's affairs were brought forward and they
needed him.

The Margrave of Anspach is expected daily. He is now with
Herr von Rosenberg. It is said that the emperor has decided
to acknowledge the Union of Protestant Electors and Princes
and to satisfy them in what they now ask of him. This causes
great searching of heart and here they conclude that his Majesty
intends in this way to bring the Electors and Estates of the
empire over to his side and thereby be enabled to offer a stouter
resistance to his opponents.

2| pp. German. Misc. iii, 180.

Another version of the same news.
4 pp. French, Misc. iii, 140.

145

News from Vienna.

1611, Oct. 1. — The Dampierre Reiters have their quarters
4 miles from liere at Wolschcrsdorf and will not stir before they
are paid in full. It is true that early to-day Georg Weissbacher,
a courtier, brought a sum of money sent by the Bohemian
Estates. But as it is understood that the money will certainly
not be employed to make this payment it is to be feared that
the troopers will do much hurt to the peasantry before they
are disbanded. Things are not well with us in Siebenburgen
as several thousand Tartars have arrived to help Bathori Gabor.
On the other hand great help has been sent to ours from Poland
so that they may well venture to give battle to Bathori, the time
being favourable.

I p. German. Misc. in, 129.

Another version of the same news.
\ p. French. Misc. in, 143.

1611, Oct. 1. Prague. — Mandate of the Emperor Rudolph II
against the rebels at Aachen.*

X\ pp. ; copy. French from the German. Misc. in, 142.

.1. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 23. Paris. — By your silence I see you take
account of my departure. Tomorrow I hope shall be the day.
I have paid Berruyer the lOZ. which by your letter of 30th Aug.
you desired nie to take of Mr. Searle for him. He is resolved,
as I wrote by my last, to go to Brussels to satisfy de Preaux'
expectation of his coming, but yet with this purpose, to entertain
Markham's proffer, if he can work it with any advantage to
himself, wherein you must be the dealer between them when
he comes to your town. One Andre PauU is here in ambassage
from the Princes of the Union to acquaint the Queen with the
success of their Assembly at Rottembcrg, and to complain of
a wrong done to the d. of Wirtemberg by the count of Soissons
in dispossessing the governor of Alenson, which the d. hath had
many years in engagement for money lent to the late King.
They are in hand here to redeem that town from the d., but it
will not be done in haste for any store of money now in the
" Espargne."

I p. IV, 155.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 3, N.s. Padua. — Our travellers in these parts
make Brvissels a necessary passage in their way homewards,
and at the present you have my Id. Vaux and Sir Oliver Manners
setting forward towards you, who, I am sure will lack no English

* The German text is printed in Liinig : Deutsche lieicJis Archiv, Vol. xiii, pp. 69-71 .
Tliere are also copies in S.P. German;/, Empire, Vol. ii, f. 187.

\Vl. Iil6 Down. Ill- 10

146

friends in that town. These gentlemen, Mr. Amias and Henry
Pawlett, my kinsmen, who go in their company, will be much
more glad of your acquaintance than any others, which makes
me address them to you . . . they are grandchildren to Sir
Amias Pawlett who hath left such memory of his good service
in France, and have spent some time in that country, in Spain
and these parts, and carry home as good minds as they brought
out . . . besides the good use they have made of their travel.
1 p. XV, 17.

News from Prague.

1611, Oct. 3. — Yesterday the emperor suddenly decided to
leave here for the estate of the count of Sarors, a very pleasant
spot. The chief chamberlain, Brokodiski, with the under
fourrier of the chamber went before but returned the same day.
The latter has gone to Pilsen with orders to four squadrons of
archers and as many halbardiers to hold themselves in readiness.
Two months' pay has been given to the guards, but it has been
of little use.

Letters have been received from Hesse and the landgra^■e of
Helfenstein, whom the emperor had summoned to the diet,
excusing themselves on the ground of the mortality in their
parts, so it is thought that the landgra^'e of Leichtenberg may
be sent.

They report from Breslau on the 29 Sept. that the Estates
are not yet agreed with the king because he has given out that
after the death of the duke of Minsterberg he will confer the
captaincy upon the Archduke Charles or his successors, contrary
to his own brief. So the Estates intended to withdraw without
rendering homage had not Abraham von Thouault begged
them to remain. This is the work of Clessel, who, with this
Herr von Thouault is to be sent to the diet at Norimberg. The
Estates also desire the king to punish those who have hitherto
troubled the emperor, since homage cannot be rendered before
satisfaction of the grievances put forward. Bad news is
constantly coming from Upper Hungary ; the king is greatly
troubled and the marriage will be postponed for a long while.

1 J pp. German. Misc. iii, 129.

Another version of the same news.
1^ pp. French. Misc. iii, 148.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 25. London. — I am making a second return to
the country. The King and the Lords are at Hampton Court.
Your Ambassy* is now arrived and your successor must be
thought upon. IMr. G. Calvert and Sir Edwin Sannes are
spoken of. You will not see anyone there in haste.

* Ferdinand de Boischot, ambassador from the archdukes in Flanders.

147

The Palsgrave of Neuburg hath been at the Hague, with intent
to pass hither and to France, but is diverted to the diet in
Germany, where he hopeth to see King Mathias chosen King
of the Romans. Vorstius' De Attributis Dei was pubhcly burnt
here tlie other day.

There is a project to make the Duke of York High Admiral,
the Prince to execute during his brother's minority, with a
Commission of the greater Lords, and a subordinate Commission
of Inferiors viz. Sir Christopher Challoner, Sir John Trevor and
such other. My L. Admiral, in recompense of his pretended
resignation, is to have 4,000/. present and a pension of 1,500Z.
for life.

The pirates were gone out of Ireland before the pardon came,
nor do we know what course they have taken. The fanners'
ship of discovery* is returned to Plymoutli affirming that they
have discovered the N.W. passage, but it is not believed since
they lost their master and his mate and most of tlieir discreetest
mariners.

I have been this day " tempering " with Mr. Bingley to
assure me the receipt of your entertainments in the beginning
of term, but he can promise nothing till term is well entered.
Some hope for money from France and Holland but on this
priv-ate men must lay no certain ground.

I received this day your letter by my cousin Silliard, who
says he received greater courtesies from you than I craved or
expected. I do not wish you should assist him in any of his
sinister courses.

I now receive the first advertisment of your son's birth.

21 pp. XXXII, 28.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 26. Vlushing. — I had yours of 20th on the
22nd. The States General are pressed by the French to
remburse (but a small portion of money) which they have
received since 1603, amounting to 32,000,000,^. We are there-
fore not to expect any great favour from that state. I fear
that this is one amongst many other of the practises and plots
of Spain by impoverishing this people to make their purposed
conquest of them more easy. Ere long the States will send
extraordinary deputies to the Queen Regent with fair language
to accommodate this business, for they are not in case to
disburse money yet to content them. They are now making
ready, according to the agreement late passed betwixt them,
to pay our King 60,000/. a year, to send him one half thereof
for this last lialf-year, but this will not continue long, but they
must inform themselves to do him some satisfaction, to keep
his favour, for there are rods in this for them, when they will

* Tlie ship nisrorerii on wliiili Henry Hiidson set out Id discover tlie X.W,
passage.

148

have no refuge but unto his aid ; but if they be true to the
go^•e^nment of their sovereignty and the welfare of this Repubhc
they will not lose him.

Since the death of Arminius H.M. hath of late written to
Winwood to pray the States to have more care of their honour
than to admit A^orstius to be Professor at Leyden, a man of
many erroneous opinions. These are the fruits that this state
hath gained by this treaty. In the very body and soul of this
commonwealth it hath begotten these distractions as well as
in our body politic as ecclesiastic. The ruin of this State is
threatened thereby.

2 J pp. XXXIX, 20.

From Sir John Throckmorton.

1611, Sept. 26 [endorsement]. — Since the swearing of my Id.
of Pembroke of the Council last Sunday there has been no
change at Court. That day the king gave audience to the new
ambassador of the archdukes and yesterday Sir Robert Sherley
came to the king in English clothes and first kneeled in acknow-
ledgment of his subjection. The king made him rise and having
delivered the king of Persia's letter, he put on his hat. The
audience was very short as what he hath further to negotiate
will be done by the Council.

It were to be wished that the match of Spain and France went
not forward, for the quiet of us and our neighbours consisteth
much in keeping those great kingdoms divided. Our master
hath not been well used in it, for the match with the prince
was never thought on here till it was offered by them, and
therefore they cannot say that they have refused it. . . But
I trust that God doth it all for the best to show us it is fittest
to match with one of our own profession, with whom and of
nobody else we are to expect assured assistance.

The king is given to understand that there is some question
made in the proceeding against him of Leyden, wherewith he
is moved. I trust the States will not so much forget themselves
as to maintain a man whose wicked opinions are abhorred. . .
The queen of France hath broken her day with the king for
the payment of some of the money due by the last king to
Queen Elizabeth.

1 p. XXXIX, 21.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Oct. 6. Cologne. — I have yours of Sept. 27. I fear
that at Nuremberg we shall be circumvented by our more
clever adversaries. This town sends there as deputies Burgo-
master Hardenraedt and the Syndic Cronenberg. The emperor
seems to wish to leave Bohemia if the States permit. He has
asked for the support of the Union, to which they agree if he
will dismiss some of his Council, including Stralendorf and

149

Hannswalt, restore Donau worth and remedy grievances. The
Ct. of Hanau is at Prague, but Anhalt and the marquis of
Brandenbourg are not going there. Savoy arms against Berne.

The Constable of Milan offers grain to the Grisons, and will
demolish the fort Fuentes, if they renounce their alliance with
Venice. The French ambassadors with Hotman have been
well received at Aix.

The town of Lemgau in Westphalia has taken arms against
the Ct. of Lippe, who wanted to establish there the reformed
Religion on the interAcntion of two deputies of the Landgrave
of Cassel who have been expelled by the citizens. The count
has appealed to the Hague for troops. The States have not yet
made up their minds.

3 pp. French. Signed H. Sylvester Pistorius. viii, 91.

JossE HusTiN to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 6. Antwerp. — Asking his favour for M. de Weerdt
(if he needs any recommendation to M. de Robiano or other
ministers of the finances) who comes as his solicitor for two
rents, hypothecated upon the town of Antwerp, which Matthew
de Quester bought of Pierre and Paul Vander Waluwe, now
living at London, where they were born. These rents were
confiscated owing to the wars and late troubles and Hustin is
applying to the finances to recover them, de Quester having
commissioned him to do so, recommending him to address
himself to Trumbull.

\\ pp. French. Misc. in, 144.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 27. Paris. — On Sunday last my lo. did perform
his collation for the christening of his daughter. Among the
company was the Q. Margaret and all the princesses, saving
the young princess of Conde, forty great ladies and all the
four brethren of the House of Guise.* It will not cost my lo.
less than 600 cr. Mr. Seymour is arrived within this sennight,
and will spend the winter here. My lo. refused to receive him,
and hath advertised with England of his being here. He doth
give out to have left the Low Countries out of respect to his
Ma*y, being advised by friends that his stay there increased
his Ma*y''* indignation. Lest the discontentment carried by
the Saumur deputies to these provinces should work any stir,
order hath been taken here to send Commissioners into all parts
for the confirmation of the edict. The bargain with de Boesse
for the citadel of Bourg is concluded for the sum of 160,000 cr.,
and it is given out that it is to be pulled down for the unfitness
of the site, having been built at the first by the d. of Savoy

* Charles, duke of Guise ; Louis, afterwards Cardinal ; Claude, duke of
Chevreiiso, and Alexander, Kniglit of Malta, the four sons of Henry, duke of Guise,
assassinated in 158S.

150

against France, and being of small use to France against Savoy.
But of this I cannot persuade myself. De Vievilles, Lieutenant
General of Champagne, hath been sent to Aix to compose the
broil there, but his choice is thought rather to fa^•our the
re-establishing of the Jesuits than any other purpose. The
Marquis of Guadalesta told my lo. that the purpose held out
in Spain for the sending of the marquis of (iuadalesta
to Holland. Berruyer is not yet resolved to accept Markham's
condition, being half engaged to de Preaux.
1 p. IV, 156.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 28. o.s. Diisseldorp. — Yours of Aug. 25 was
delayed. I have a later one from my lo. ambassador by Sir
Or. Markham. Your deputies do so skip up and down at
Aquisgrane, sometimes leaving, sometimes returning, that their
false play is manifest. The harangue of the President of Metz
pleased the bourgeoisie, who will send to Nuremberg to the
Electoral Diet, and would have one from these princes to
accompany their deputies. It is a pity our Palatine so much
discountenances them, on insufficient grounds, as I think.
He would have been content France had not meddled in that
business. God grant the Lutherans and the Calvinists persevere
in their good conjunction.

1 p. XXII, 41.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1611, Sept. 28. Paris. — Since my last letter advertising you
of the proposition made in Spain by Sir John Digby I have
understood out of England that they have been much startled
there both with the Spanish answer and to understand of the
double marriages which are treated of between France and
Spain, concerning which matter I have lately had speech with
some of the principal ministers here, who do not deny that such
double marriages have been negotiated with a show of liking
to proceed therein, but there has been nothing as yet concluded,
nor is any assurance to be grounded thereon in respect of the
youth of the princes, and because they find that we have taken
an alarum. As there is just reason at this their so strict a
conjunction with Spain, they would fain persuade us here
that the entertaining of these propositions hath been chiefly
to hold the king of Spain in better terms towards them for
the quiet passing of the king's minority, but when they find
that they will not take that answer for good payment, they
have recourse to another shift, saying that the interests of
states are always more forcible consideration than any alliance
between them, and therefore what marriages so ever they
should conclude with Spain, yet that they would not recede
from their accustomed grounds of state which did bind them

151

to hold a most strict amity with his Majesty. But I have told
them that howsoever their ends may be but only to seek an
honourable alliance and to li\e in peace with all the world,
yet that it is apparent that the king of Spain hath a deep
design by this alliance to make them give way to the prosecution
of his other ends, or otherwise that he would not have taken
that extraordinary resolution to give an Infanta major in
marriage to a king of France, contrary to their usual custom
never to dispose of their heirs out of their own house. And
since there is a necessity that the k. of Spain should think of
some means for the raising of his affairs, it is not unlikely that
out of the observ'ation which they have made how great the
power of the late Queen Mother and the Queen Regent hath
been for the managing the affairs of this kingdom, they have
also conceived the same hope that a daughter of Spain may be
no less useful to them by her authority for the repairing of their
affairs hereafter. These particulars I set down that you may
see of what dangerous consequence these matches may be to
the other parts of Christendom.

Lesdiguieres hath lately advertised hither that the duke of
Savoy desired to meet him to receive from him the direct
resolution of the state whether they will conclude the marriage
between Madame and his son ; he advertises also that care be
taken to satisfy the duke for that he having put himself into
ill terms with Spain for having betaken himself to the party of
France, it were not good to reduce him to the necessity of
casting himself absolutely into the hands of Spain. For answer
whereto it is said that Lesdiguieres hath been directed to meet
him with charge to excuse unto him, for the gaining of time,
that they cannot grow to a resolution in that business till the
minority of the King be expired. And howsoever the ministers
here profess that the Queen intendeth to proceed to the accom-
plishment of the marriage of Madame and the prince of Savoy,
the duke (as I learn by his ministers here) finds that both
France and Spain seek to induce him to hearken to a match
between his son and a sister of the duke of Florence, whereunto
the duke of Savoy is extraordinarily averse by reason of the
antipathy always existing between their Houses.

The duke of Bouillon hath made me an instrument to negotiate
a match between our Princess and the Elector Palatine, which
motion was approved in England, but by reason of the duke's
long absence at Saumur hath been intermitted. Now the
matter is again on foot and I hope for a good conclusion.

The Queen was much startled with an advertisement which
de Preaux sent in his last letters that the pope and the king
of Spain labour jointly in Germany for the deposing of the
emperor in favour of Mathias, and for archduke Albert to be
king of the Romans, the king desiring to remove him out of
the Low Countries, and treat him ill, to make him weary of his
residence there. I do not believe that the K. can procure the

15-2

election of the archduke. In this the ministers of Germany,
with whom I have conferred, agree. I spoke yesterday with
Bucquoy in his passage this way, who continues his kind
professions to me and spoke much good of you.

[Postscript]. — Letters from Sir R. Winwood and Mr. Dicken-
son are enclosed.

31 pp. XXIV, 103.

News from Prague.

1611, Oct. 8. — To-day Henry Ginterat returned, who was
send by the king to Heidelberg to the young Elector ; his
recruiting {werbung) is still unknown. On Wednesday the
Spanish ambassador set out for the diet at Nuremberg Avith
some 100 persons. He will be spending quite 100 crowns a
day so long as this legation lasts.

The emperor's journey has again been put off and it is belie\ed
that he wishes to see how the diet will go. Prince Christian
of Anhalt with the Margrave of Anspach are expected daily.
They are sent on an embassy to the emperor by the Protestant
Electors and Princes. Anhalt has already reached Herr von
Rossenberg at Witenau.

It was announced at Court this morning that the Sieben-
burgers with the Tartars and Turks had made a fresh inroad
into Moravia. Time will show. On Wednesday the count of
Hanau twice had audience of the emperor, begging him not
to give his confidence too easily or to leave here, but to have
a care for his person, reputation and possible inconvenances ;
but it is stated that the prince of Anhalt will accompany the
emperor to the house of Rosenberg, where he is defrayed, to
send him out of the country.

To-day Clessel has arrived here from Breslau with von
Polheim, to go to the diet. The Estates of Silesia have asked
the king for a German vice-chancellor and to fill the offices of
the Council of Appeal from their own people. His Majesty
granted this as well as their privileges, confirming the Majestats-
brief. In spite of this he also had to abolish sixty gravamina.

At the invitation of the whole crown of Bohemia, the Estates
have granted 100,000 thalers to be paid in a year and a day,
10,000 of which are for jewels for the royal bride, and 10,000
for a gold buffet. Signed Christopher Lamprecht.

2 pp. German. Misc. iii, 129.

Another version of the same news.
ll pp. French. Misc. iii, 11-3.

Thomas Floyd to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 15, N.s. Paris. — The duke of Savoy by his
ambassador and other means having made known to this state
his discontent against it, not only that the marriage contract
is delayed and as good as denied, but also that they refuse here

153

to sign the treaty accorded by Monsr. du Varena, they seem to
wish to afford him satisfaction, and have ordered Lesdiguieres
(a person very acceptable to him) to go to Savoy to treat, and
now du Bullion is joined with Lesdiguieres for the instructions,
and is already parted from P^ontainebleau. The Savoy
ambassador is ignorant what they contain, and is angry he
should be so used. It is held that the duke will insist upon the
confirmation of the treaty, because they promise him to deal
with the Swiss that he may recover his country of Veaux and
that would please the duke well to approach Geneva so much
the nearer.

The duchess of Lorraine is expected at Fontainebleau. It is
doubtful whether the princesses will absent themselves or
give her place. The Queen will probably be able to dispose
all according to her pleasure.

Pellitier had died (if the duke of Maine had not) for want of
being in print. I never saw an idler discourse upon any man's
death.

1 p. XXV, 21.

Tlae Secretary Fratz to Anselmk Prevost.

1611, Oct. 15. Mariemont. — Whereas his Highness is advised
that you feel some reserve and doubt as to whether the subjects
of their Highnesses, who have interested themselves in the
make and style of cloth, will not allow themselves to be per-
suaded to exert themselves to restore it unless they are assured
beforehand that, when the terms of the passports granted to
certain individuals have expired, they will not be renewed,
I have been instructed to inform you on his behalf that when
the current passports lia\'e expired he will not grant fresh
ones to any one for any cause whatsoe\er. You may therefore
advise those whom you see fit of this resolution.

I p. Copy. French. Misc. iii, 150.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 17. Antwerp. — Yesterday I had yours of 15th
and have this day sought both at Moreton's and divers other
places for the book of Lessius* you write for, but cannot get
it. When it is to be had, I am promised it.

For the money you \vTite of for Mr. Monger I have, according
to his desire, delivered the same by exch. and would have
him know that neither you nor I have made any use [of] it.
I will send him the bills by this post, and pray you to send it
to me by post to be here on Wednesday, for Anthony Withers,
to whom I have delivered it, stands in present need of it.

For your kindness in presenting tt) me your house, I will
not be very ceremonious in refusing it, but accept on the
conditions mentioned in your letter, but how soon I shall see

• Leonard Lessius, a Jesuit casuist. Tlie book referred to is pi'obably De lieilo
iisu aequivocationam el mentalium restrictionum ; or perliaps De potentate impae.

154.

you I know not. I do yet resolve to be with you on Thursday,
hoping before that time the ordinary of Spain may have come.
If you have good news, spare not to write.

The enclosed I received since the post by the way of Dunkirk
from my compere John Chandler.

1 p. XLV, 29.

Maurice Landgrave of Hesse to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 17. Cassel. — Thanks Trumbull for his kindness
to his son prince Otto* at Brussels. His Councillor the Sr.
Fran9ois Segar will express his gratitude.

\p. French. Misc. in, 156.

James Monger to William Trumbull.
1611, Oct. 8. — Yours of the 4th I have received and according
to your order I have provided and sent you in a truss of clothes
to Mr. Hobson.

4f yards of fine gray for your own wearing I. s. d.
cost 17s. the yard viz. ... ... ... 4 90

4| yards of other gray for your friend cost

" 135. the yard ... * 3 19

Also I have bought to send by the ne.xt
shipping . . for Flushing one barrel of
oatmeal cost [blank] :

Also one barrel of candles containing 10
dozen, cost 4s. lOrf. the dozen besides the cask
and carriage.
Having perused jour account, I find coming

unto me the sum of
more paid to Mr. Bollock for consideration
more for 4f yards of fine gray
more for 4| yards of gray
more for 10 dozens of candles
more for \1\ bushels of oatmeal with the cask
and carriage

[sic] 15 08 5

Concerning the 3 fine cloths, if you rate them at less than 45Z.
I shall be no gainer by them in regard of the exchange and the
forbearance of my money ; wherefore if already you have not
rated them, I pray you let that be the lowest price. The like
cannot be bought there under 50Z. a cloth at the least.

[Postscript]. — I pray you procure payment as soon as you can,
for here is a most miserable time for money.

" Mrs. Robt. Garsett being gone to Norwich, hath assigned
me in my lord Rose for the remainder of the bill of exchange,
being 126|/. |, for the which I have had many fair promises and
have made many journeys up Holborn Hill but cannot use it
nor any part thereof."

1 p. Misc. Ill, 145.

• On his journey to England as suitor for Princess Elizabeth.

14

4

4

9

3

1

9

4

9

8

14

155

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 8. Bath House in Holborn. — Has been for 12
weeks 100 miles from London, hoping to return from week to
week. " What shall I say concerning 100/. yet behind hand
from my lo. Roos. Assure yourself that he left order so sufficient
at his going into the country that I could not doubt of it, or I
would not have gone and Mr. Cecyl can bear me witness . .
what diligence I used in it ; and for him I think he would have
gladly paid the money himself, if he had not been from time to
time assured that all was discharged. I promise you, Mr.
Gasset being out of I^ondon, I was persuaded ... all this
sennight that all was paid long since, till I understood . . .
that Mr. Monger was to receive a hundred pound, yet so that
now I have set a fresh alarm upon your business and there is no
doubt . . but all shall be out of hand despatch and satisfaction
given for your forbearance. Mr. Trumbull the world is not
for you and me, but for dissemblers and flatterers, and you talk
of it as I also feel it. . . The earl of Pembroke is a new Privy
Councillor, and the prince himself sat in Council on Monday
last, the first time of his life, and is President of the Council.
Sir Robert Shirley has had his audience and been with the
Lords of the Council since but made no visits yet. I went of
purpose to find Mr. Gasset, who is not yet come out of Norfolk
. . . for Mr. Cecill who would fain pay him a little money,
but cannot meet with him."

Mr. Floyd's brother will pay this term that odd lOL as I am
promised. If you knew what ado I have ever to get in moneys
due to me, you would wonder. From Brussels they write to me
that Contador stops my media paga for the payment of my
remates so I have been troubled to get letters from the ambas-
sador here, which are here enclosed to Mr. Hobson ; as he
desired me for he hath my poder.

2 pp. Misc. Ill, 146.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 8. Vlushing. — I have yours of 5th. Pray read
the first sheet, and the French discourse, which please return.
I hear nothing of our master's undertaking for Denmark against
Sweden. M. de Vitterye's speech must be a fable. I cannot
think our master would convey his actions and the command
of his subjects to the guidance of a giddy Frenchman, having
so many brave men of his own capable of far greater employ-
ments.

1 p. XXXIX, 22.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Oct. 8. o.s. Hague. — Mr. Lassells has
at length obtained of the States an octroy to bring in his
invention for the saving of all fuels. It will be of greatest use

156

to brewers and bakers. If he can bring so much to pass, it
will be worth 50,000L st. to the patentees. The more I consider
the business, the less I credit the performance of it. They
promise to bring workmen over for it in 6 weeks.
1 p. XLVI, 31.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Oct. 9. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 296.]
3^ pp. Seal, xlvii, il.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 10. Paris. — I have your letter of 30 Sept. and
thank you for the reasons which you sent me touching the
great matter now in question for the venting of our English
cloths into those parts. I do not see that there is any likelihood
of raising so great present profit thither to the archduke's
coffers, or for the benefit of the country as he will give cause
of unkindness by that innovation, and therefore if he makes
any such restraint in a case where the considerations are so
indifferent, we should have reason to be more sensible thereof,
but I suppose they will avoid to give us that discontentment.
I shall be glad to hear if there be anything further done therein,
and also what considerations moved our merchants to remove
their staple from Stoade back to Hamborough.

Divers extraordinary advertisements have lately come by
express couriers. The first is the death of the Queen of Spain
in childbed, after the birth of a son, by the suffocation of the
mother. The second is of a strange insolence . . . used by
the Spanish agent at Turin against the duke of Savoy, of whom
demanding whether he intended to proceed to the accomplish-
ment of the marriage between his yoimgest daughter and the
duke of Nemours, and the duke answering that such was his
resolution, he then declared to the duke that the King, his
master, would not like to have her that did so nearly touch him
in blood, to be so Ijasely married as to the subject of another
prince, saying that the intent of the duke was found strange,
not only by all other princes but also by his own subjects, and
therefore that he ordained in the King's his master's behalf
(for so in the relation higher the words were rendered out of the
Spanish " Je vous ordonne de la part du Roy mon Maistre ")
to make delivery of her to be transported into Spain according
to the order which he said his master had taken for her convey-
ance thither, and that the said King would discharge the care
of a father for the bestowing of her more suitably to her blood
and quality. The duke gave him a resolute answer that he
would not satisfy that demand, and said that howsoever the
K. of Spain did not like of the said match, yet it was not true
that other princes condemned the same, for the pope had sent

157

a dispensation for the marriage and liad congratulated with
him, as in hke manner this Queen, together with his alHes, the
dukes of Mantoa and Modena, had by letters witnessed their
approval. And for his own subjects it was not for them to be
censurers of his actions. The duke of Nemours, very sensible
of the disparagement done to him, sent a French Colonel called
la Grange to his Spanish agent with a sharp railing message,
and threatened that he would have him beaten for the wrong
which he had done him, which put the agent into so great a fury
as he openly exclaimed against the injury offered to his quality,
being a public minister, by those menaces, so that the Nuncio
and ministers of other princes were forced to pacify him, and they
dealt with Nemours to have him disavow the message sent by
the French colonel ; but he would not consent, only there was
an interpretation made that the revenge was threatened against
the agent's particular person without reference to his public
quality. The duke of Savoy having signified to the French
agent at Turin* that he intended to send expressly hither to give
information to the Queen of what passed between him and the
Spanish agent, they have thereupon stayed the sending of
Lesdiguicres, as was before intended, to the duke of Savoy,
pretending that upon the opening of this matter there may
fall out something else to be added to Lesdiguicres' in-
structions, but some think the latter's journey will not
take place, chiefly for their discontentment at another
advertisement, received at the same time, that the duke hath
again returned the count of Cartignana to England to renew
the marriage treaty between the lady Elizabeth and the prince's
son, by whom also he sends a present of horses. It is found
strange that at the same time the duke woidd make that resolute
denial to the Spanish agent and also send his ambassador to
England, giving by the one discontentment to Spain, and by
the other to France. Others impute the staying of Lesdiguicres'
journey to the complaint of the Spanish ambassadors against
the intended interview.

The grief of the duchess of Mayne for her husband wrought
so much upon her old years as ended her life within a few days.
Great haste hath been made to send away the Commissioners
appointed to the several Provinces to satisfy those of the
Religion touching their complaints for the want of execution
of the edict to avoid the discontentments wherewith the
countries by the reports which the deputies from Saumur have
made, that they were deprived of the liberty of assembly by
the Queen's peremptory command to break up the same, and
by the authority of her letters for the ^■oiees of the fewer number
to be of force for the nomination of the deputies if the others
had not conformed to the Queen's pleasure therein, whereupon
it is said that those of Languedoc have threatened to assume
liberty of assembly. It is hoped the Commissioners will appease

* Kniile Gueffier,

158

all discontentments. The prince of Conde arrived yesterday
at Fontainebleau from (iuyenne.

Sir John Digby groweth very discontented in Spain and saith
in his letter to me that there is nothing else but hatred and
villany in them towards us. So you may see to what those
great hopes are turned wherewuth he was charged to conclude
the match.

[Postscript]. — I was to close this when I had your two packets
of 4th present.

4 pp. XXIV, 104.

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 10. London. — Since I last wrote I have revisited
Lord Roos' lodging several times and spoken with his steward,
Mr. Soane. Last Friday he pledged his word that I should not
fail of 100/. on Saturday by 10 o'clock. I attended him but he
had gone out of town on Friday afternoon, not to return till
Monday. I visited him twice on Tuesday ; he pretended to
have forgotten me and his promise, and would make no certain
promise of payment, and wished me not to go again ; as soon
as he had it, he would send or bring it. Mr. Thorys came to
me this afternoon requesting me to convey the enclosed to you,
and I recommended the business to him, and he promised to
speak to my Lord this night and if possible to procure payment.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 148.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TRUMBULL.

1611, Oct. 20. [Cologne]. — The Administrator has married
Louise, eldest daughter of the late Palatine Frederic. It is also
said that the emperor asked the hand of the Electress Palatine,
but this is as untrue as the report that Maurice of Hessen had
been poisoned by his cooks on the instigation of one Pflug, for
acting as the emperor's deputy at Nuremberg, where were
present the Saxon Elector, Newburg, Deux-Ponts, the Elector
of Mayence and the Spanish Ambassador resident at Prague.
If the emperor appears, it will be an Imperial Diet. Anspach
and Anhalt were summoned to Prague but the latter excused
himself, and is now at Nuremberg.

There are great preparations at Vienna for the marriage of
Mathias and his cousin from Innspruck. 200 or 300 Jesuits
have assembled there. It will be on St. Martin's Day.

Gabriel Battori has defeated Mathias' troops in Hungary,
and has secured all Transilvania and most of Moldavia and
Wallaehia by the aid of the Turks. He now professes the
reformed Religion.

The States have not acceded to Ct. Lippe's demand for help
against Lemgau, but have warned that place. Lippe means
to reform his whole country.

At Aix the burgesses refuse to act with the French
ambassadors, as France is not of the Empire.

150

Savoy has reduced his forces. Unable to obtain the book
" Claviccola Salomonis " either at Cologne or Frankfort. It
has sold at 20 crowns and more.

3 pp. French. Unsigned. Seals, viii, 93.

News from Germany.

1611, Oct. 20 N.s. — The administrator has married Madame
Louise, eldest daughter of the late Elector Palatine. They
write me from Nuremberg, by letters of the 11th that the
Elector of Saxony, the administrator, the Palatine of Newbourg
and the Elector of Mayence have arrived there with 250, 150,
40 and 200 horse respectively. The Spanish ambassador
resident at Prague should also be there the same day, Spanish
fashion, con mucha gala y grandesa.* They continue to write
that the emperor keeps making preparations as if he meant to
withdraw from Prague. This encourages the belief that this
assembly might soon change into an imperial diet which the
emperor would attend in person to give the greater weight to
his demands. You will have heard that the emperor sum-
moned the marquis of Anspach to Prague to which he went
also upon divers requisitions. The prince of Anhalt, who was
asked to go, made excuses and he is now with the administrator
at Nuremberg.

At Vienna magnificent preparations are being made for the
wedding of King Mathias to his cousin the princess of Innsbruck.
The Jesuits have gathered to the number of 2 to 300. The
celebration is fixed for St. Martin's day and all the Estates are
invited.

Gabriel Batory has won a very great victory over the men
of King Mathias so that he has made himself master of all
Transylvania and of the better part of Wallachia and Moldavia.
He was assisted by Turkish forces according to some, though
he and his profess the reformed faith. I have ^vTitten before how
the count of la Lyppe asked help of the States General against
the town of Lemgau which resisted him because he wished to
plant the free exercise of the reformed faith there. They would
not give this help, to avoid adding fuel to the fire, but they
write to the people of Lemgau urging them to submit and be
reconciled with their count, or else they would send their forces
to bring them to reason. The count is now intent on reforming
all his country. God grant that he may be able to do this
without any troubles.

At Aix the French ambassadors have so far done little towards
accommodating the differences between the magistracy and the
burghers. The latter are much incensed with them for
proposing to restore the magistracy to their former dignity
and the flames of war in their college. They report thence that
the burghers are quite determined never to consent to this ;
they also excuse themselves from entering into communication

* With great pomp and display.

160

with the said amhassadors hecause France is not a member
of the empire. I ean assure you that if the ambassadors do not
sing another tune more acce]:>table to the burghers, they will
return as wise as they went.

The Savoyard has reduced his companies of militia from 70
or 80 to 20 men at arms. The Bohemians agree to contribute
to King Mathias 100,000 thalers for his marriage, for one year.
They write from Spire that Worms has expelled the Jesuits,
protesting that they will never have them back. From the
capture of a town by the archbishop of Salzbourg from the duke
of Bavaria, it is thought that war may easily break out between
them.

2 pp. French. Misc. in, 23.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 11. Whitehall. — H.M. hath been solicited again
by the d. of Wirtemberg to interpose with the archdukes in a
matter controverted between them for certain seignories and
lordships in the comity of Montbeliard, whereunto the archdukes
lay claim, and to that purpose have summoned the duke or his
officers to appear before their judicial seat of Dole in Burgundy,
to have the controversy settled, a matter to which the duke is
strongly opposed, as being too prejudicial for him to have it
decided where his party must be his judge, and though Courts
of Justice often determine matters betwixt prince and subjects,
without respect of persons, yet sith now the question is betwixt
prince and prince, the duke holds it dishonourable for him to
submit to such a proceeding, but is willing to have it deter-
mined by the Imperial Chamber at Spire, or referred to the
arbitrament of some indifferent princes ; which offer because
the duke hath little hope by the course which hath hitherto
been held against him, that it will be accepted of by the arch-
dukes without interposition of friends, the duke hath addressed
himself to H.M. to be intercessor, as he hath done to the Queen
Regent in France and to the Princes United in Germany ; both
which having promised their assistance, the French by their
ambassador ordinary and the Princes United by an extra-
ordinary ambassador, the duke now is sending Buwinckhausen
to the archdukes. H.M.'s pleasure is that you assist him in
his name, representing both the equity of the duke's desire and
the conveniency of it as things stand now for the peace of
Christendom. For your better information he hath caused
to be sent you a copy of the papers arrived from the d. of
Wirtemberg, and you should concur with the other ambassadors'
assistance in all things that may tend to the compounding or
furthering this business.

By reason of H.M.'s absence from London I send you this
direction provisionally, if happily the Wirtemberg ambassador
were arrived there, hoping by next post to send you H.M.'s
letter to the archduke for your credence in that behalf.

2 pp. XXXVI, 32.

161

Lyonell Wakk to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 21. Antwerp. — Acknowledges letter of the 18th
with the bag of 810 gn. for the use of Mr. Monger.
J p. Misc. Ill, 158.

James Chidley to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 12. [Paris]. — I have received your letters from
Mr. Basse with one for Mr. Poole which I delivered to his sister
as he was out. I have received the 40s. from Mr. Basse. I
have bought you an ell of the silk " grogrine " as good as
might be found in Paris, for the colour will never fade till the
stuff be done. It cost 18s. the ell, mesure de Paris. I had a
tailor to help me to buy it and tell me how much I should buy.
My cousin Searle marvels at not hearing from you. My lord
and lady are gone to meet lord Clifford, and lord Chandos and
Sir Thomas " Somorsid " are ready for England. There is a
steward come yesterday which served Sir Thomas Laitone, Mr.
Edward Eingime, a very honest, civil man. Mr. " Boulue "
is not returned out of the country yet. The rest of your money
shall be ready at your command.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 149.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 12. Madrid.— I have yours of Sept. 18. The
Queen died on Sept. 23 at the Escorial, having borne a son,
now christened Alonso ; the prince of Savoy here and the
Infanta being the gossips. The physicians say her sickness
was due to the King's coming to see her not long after she was
brought to bed, in a pair of strong amber gloves, the scent
whereof had such an obstructive quality that it drove the Q.
into a violent fit of the mother, and caused a stopping of the
courses usual unto women in that case, which, striking up into
her head, in a few days killed her. The King with Lerma hath
retired to a little house of his near Segovia, where he will spend
some time in a monastery of the Carthugians, having altered
a resolution to live some months in the monastery of St.
Jeronimo here. Our darkness is a little cleared by the safe
arrival of the West Indian fleet at St. Lucar on Oct. 12.

Six months ago came here one Rodenborg, the States'
Deputado* complaining of wrongs done to the Hollanders in
the East Indies, the coast of Guinea and his other dominions.
He has let them know that the States will arm by sea to repair
their wrongs. They are here much offended both with the
matter and the manner, and have ordered Lisbon to send two
" carvills " of advice to the Guinea Coast. And as he telleth
me an express order is given for the dispatch of all things to
his content.

♦ Tlioodore Rodenliui^. See page 67 al)ove.
SVt. 1216 Pown. Ill— 11

162

The cross match with France is resolved upon, notwith-
standing the received maxims of this Crown not to bestow
their eldest daughters (though in a fair distant prospect of the
succession) upon any great external monarch.

Sir Anthony Sherley hath retired from this town and his
great miseries to Granada on a provision of 3,000 ducats per
annum.

I send you a bill of lading of the fleet and Rodenborg's
demands of restitution.

3 pp. XXII, 115.

John Sanford to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 12, o.s. Madrid. — Touching Mr. Wake's business
I ha\e advised with my 1. about it, who desires to do for love
not for hire, for his brother-in-law's sake, Mr. Baldwin Wake,
who is here but sick. My 1. would know how Mr. Wake's
debt hath accrued ; whether it be not part of Mr. Cawley's
suit and wliether he hath taken up any libran^as ; if so, in
whose name they stand. On instructions from you he will
do accordingly. If his debt be paid of Mr. Cawley's, I shall
conceive the better of it, hoping that he shall prevail in it.
My 1. hath told the King that it is the first thing that he will
tender to H.M., being a matter of that noble equity and
conscience. He is not yet come to business. At his first coming
his errand was to make love, and it was not fit to treat of love
and war all at once. Since then the late Queen died, which
retards all business. The lately arrived fleet deceives their
expectations here, the whole being between 9 and 10 millions,
the king's part being but a million and a half, which may breed
a fever in poor suitors. My 1. hath buried one of his gentlemen,
and my lady is like to lose one of her gentlewomen of small pox,
which four of our company have escaped with danger ; a fifth
is now dying.

I p. XXXVI, 47.

Francesco de Quesnoy to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 24. Antwerp. — Apologies for failing to kiss
Trumbull's hand when in Brussels in the previous week, and to
share the good news of the suit of Madame Gilpin's, confirming
the first decision. Eacli pays his own costs. Reckons that he
has spent more tlian 400_/?. on it. Asks him to forward a paper
for her, witli which encloses a copy of the sentence. She writes
from Ratliff, does not know if it is in or out of London.

% p. Spanish. Misc. iii, 161.

Thomas Buckner to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 15. London. — Has sent " two pairs of such
hose as that ancient friendship requireth that hath been between
us." They are both very fine and as good in proof as fine in
sliow. The price is 385. the pair, in all 3/. 16s. Od.

\ p. Misc. in, 151,

163

From Sir Dudley Carleton.

1611, Oct. 15 [endorsement]. — A remarkable incident occurred
at Turin. A French gentleman by a ruse, entered the house
of the Spanish secretary, with over 30 of his countrymen.
Holding a pistol at his head he said, " I am M. de la Granza,
servant of the duke of Nemours. I come to tell you that the
duke knows of your dealing with his Highness this evening to
prevent the marriage of my master. I come to tell you from
him that j'ou must go and ask pardon and unsay all you have
said, otherwise I will come back and kill you." With that they
went out. The secretary at once sent an account to his Highness
asking for punishment of such an offence, and until a remedy
was provided he would keep in retirement, as being a priest he
could not carry arms*. Some days later the ambassadors at
Turin met at the house of the nuncio with other magnates, by
command of his Highness, and they sent for the Spanish
secretary to come and receive the satisfaction which M. de la
Granza wished to give him. The secretary replied that he
had given a memorial to his Highness four days before, who
had done nothing. He had sent an account to the governor
of Milan, promising to do nothing without his order, and he was
expecting an answer. As the secretary did not come, M. de
la Granza made an affidavit before the Junta that he was
then ready to give the satisfaction asked by the secretary and
he did not know what would become of the affairs of his Majesty ;
and with that the Junta ended.

1 J pp. Spanish, xv, 18.

An[thony] Wither to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 16. Antwerp. — I have yours of 14th with
enclosures ; that to Father Tempest I have delivered, and
send one to my cousin Allen with one from his father. Please
receive for me upon note enclosed 18l. 10s. sterling. If he is
out of town ask Mr. Colford to let you have lOZ. sterling until
Baltazar van Deurne pays, which he will within 3 or 4 days.
What species are safest to be sent into France to my cousin
Allen ? Either Spanish pistoles or French crowns ? Please
send 10/. sterling unto him. " I would not for the value of lOl.
he should fail thereof." The rest of the 18L 10s. you are to
have of me for the rest of 4 alberts you gave me for Mr. Pott
and I rest your debtor upon that account 3 gilders 4 st. I
thank you for your pains in the passport which we have received
and will contribute with [toim] a very good pair of gloves.

[Postscript]. — If you should fail of lOL in the above said
places Hans Peins may peradventure have so much of mine,
and will deliver it you I make no question.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 153.

♦ His name was Dr Rarbarana See Siri : Memnrie Becondite, Vol. ii. page 563,

164.

Francis Midleton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 16. London. — Sends three rings at 405. each,
two wattchett* rings at 45s. each, and half a dozen green
" quissens " 21. 10s. for which he asked.

I p. Misc. Ill, 154.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Oct. 26. [Cologne].— I have yours of 15th. The
nuncio is at Nuremberg, but not Maurice of Hessen, nor the
bishop of Spires, in whose place the emperor has sent the bishop
of Bamberg, as much a Jesuit as the other. Hannivalt and
Pflug are also there, and Klesel for King Mathias, and the
Spanish ambassador. You may imagine what work such as
these will produce. They are out to amuse the world with
little cash and many promises.

1 p. French. Unsigned, viii, 94.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 17. London. — I came by post from Madrid on
Aug. 10 and arrived here on 22nd. I attended my lo. Treasurer
the first two days, and the third went by post horses to his
Ma'^' in Hampshire, 60 odd miles from hence. There I remained
five days, and returned, whence my lo. Treasurer sent me to
the Prince at Woodstock, and at my return to the Q. at Oatlands.
Having performed my duty to all the great ones, I did it to my
father in Somersetshire, whence I returned some six days past.
You will know that my lo. of Pembroke is a Privy Councillor,
and was sworn on Michaelmas Day.

A proposition for a marriage between our Prince and the
Infanta of Spain hath been made by Digby, but we have an
absolute denial, as that King hath already engaged himself in
another part. The Q. of Spain is said to be dead. The Sp.
ambassador here is in mourning. The K. is still at Royston
where the prince goes to-morrow, to return in a few days.

Such was my business in Spain as I must still bless the hour
when I left it, but such are the times as from his Ma'^ I expect
no reward. My lo. Treasurer is my most honourable good
lord, but what to expect from him I know not, but a motion
is made to me for accepting the consulship of the English nation
in Andalusia, by my special friends, to which as yet I have given
no resolution, but have almost concluded that I may thereb}^
amend my poor estate, though there be some disgrace of the
quality of the employment. My lo. Treasurer doth much
employ Mr. Sherbourne, his secretary. Last night he engaged
me to supper. My cousin Samuel Calvert was there. You
give such satisfaction here as you and your friends are to expect
happy reward.

2^ pp. XXI, 45.

♦ i.e. light blue,

165

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 17. London. — By your letter of the 9th present
I perceive that you have the money for the 3 cloths and have
delivered the same to Mr. Wake. The profit by them made
was reasonable, but the high exchange taketh away most of it.
I shall lose very near il. by the making over the money ; the
exchange goeth so high. Yet for your pains I hope one day
to be thankful to you or yours. The few remains of cloth you
formerly advised for I have brought and already sent and I
hope they will come to you shortly. Your oatmeal and candles
are bought, and Henry Balame hath promised me to pass them.
He hath been with the customer to that purpose, but cannot
procure a bill to pass them ; therefore you are much beholding
to the farmers. I have been many times with Mr. Soane, the
Lord Rosse's steward, but cannot have payment of the remainder,
being 126/. He hath caused me to dance in the dirt and attend
sometimes 3 hours together. Mr. Chandler and Mr. Garset
are not yet returned from Norwich. I expect them next week.

I enclose 3 patterns of fine blacks and their lowest prices.

[Postscript]. — Here are certain rugs brought me by Mr.
Midleton, which I will send you.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 155.

R. KiRKHAM to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 17. [London]. — The enclosed is your letter of
credence for . . Montbelliard. I could wish (because I think
it would be the more welcome) it were for your revocation, but
of that I can yet give you but little hope. . . .

The news is here that the queen of Spain is dead. . . I
imagine you have heard much discourse of the match concluded
between Spain and France and of the answer . . made to
Sir John Digbie, when he propounded a marriage between the
Prince and the Infanta major. . . . The sum of all is this :
Don Alonzo de Velasco, not long after the Savoy ambassador
was gone from hence, did plainly deliver to his Ma. that he
had warrant from Spain to let fall this much, that if his Ma.
would propound a match between the prince and the eldest
daughter of Spain, it should be well heard. The like had come
from the count of Villamediana and Don Pedro de Zuniga,
but his Ma. gave little ear unto it, until this last motion,
grounded upon so express direction. Lest he might seem to
neglect them and their alliance, [he] was contented to make it
one part of Sir J. Digbie's instruction, to enter into treaty about
this matter. The first answer they made M-as that they did
attend the resolution of his Holiness, how to govern themselves
in the point of religion. The second was (which came some
few weeks after) that the reason why they had forborne all this
while to give a direct answer to this ouverture was because they
had been in treaty with France upon a former engagement and

166

did expect what would be the issue, because if they had broken
with France, then they would have gone on with his Ma. ; but
the Queen Regent had now so pressed them as they could not
but yield to conclude a match with the French king. But to
shew their affections to enter into the most strict bonds of
friendship with his Ma., if it would please him to offer some
speech for the second daughter, they would be glad to ha\e it
take effect. . . You may observe by this the uncertain and
hollow manner of their proceedings, of which the issue will be
their own scorn and scandal.

Monsieur Boiscot had his audience upon Michaelmas Day
at Hampton Court. This day he is admitted to the Queen.
The cause of his stay hath been her indisposition.

3 pp. Misc. Ill, i57.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 18, o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood,

Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 297.]

4 pp. XV, 20.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 20. endorsement. — I forgot before sealing my
other letter to tell you that Mr. Seymor being arrived here,
sent Mr. Rodney to let me know that he desired to see me, and
that he was retired out of the Low Countries because he under-
stood from friends in England that his lying in that place
increased his Ma*>'^ displeasure. I answered that I was sorry
he had so much forgotten his dutj^ towards his Ma*^ as that
I could not admit him to come to me. The said gentleman
told me that he meaneth to reside here all this winter. I have
not as yet made any motion here for the staying of him, not
knowing whether his Ma'^ thinks him worthy of that
consideration.

\ p. XXIV, 106.

Thomas Buckner to William Trumbull.
1611, Oct. 22. London. — I send stockings of divers sort.
2 prs. of \Qvy fine worsted for your amigo

s/)aHo/o (Spanish friend) ... ... ... 24'S. Qd.

1 pr. of shamwaies (i.e, chamois) stockings por el

mismo (for the same) ... ... ... ... 25. Qd.

1 pr. mixed hose and a pr. of woollen for your-
self, both " ... lis. Qd.

37s. 6rf.

All these stockings I hope you shall find to your good content,
as also the silk hose which I hope ere this you have received.
You shall have them made up in two small packets having the

167

names written on them, but if by chance any of these things
should not be to your hking, pray you show them the way over
again and I will send you others, and if any of my commodities
may serve your turn, it is but send and have them.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 152.

SiK Robert Chamberlayne to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 22. Brussels. — Your fellow would not at first
leave your letter with any of my lord's house. The box I am
not likely to see, but must leave it to be received by some of
his house with whom I left 8s. 6d. for the messenger. I am
much bound to the ambassador and his lady of whom I have
now taken my leave, to begin my journey in an unseasonable
time towards an ill country. God send me better luck in the
progress of my journey than I have had in the beginning, that
I may return as able as I am willing to serve those friends who
have deserved so well of me as you have done.

f p. Seal. Misc. in, 159.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Nov. 1. [Cologne]. — I have yours of Oct. 22. At
Aix in view of the coldness of the Protestants for the authority
of France it is to be feared that those good folks will be induced
to yield. The United Princes propose to take up their case.
On the 22nd the Administrator was admitted to the fraternity
of the Electors which they call " Churfurstliche verein," in
spite of the opposition of Wolf. William. He was about to
return to Juliers, and entertained all the Electors except the
Administrator. Public consultation began on the 23rd.

The Ct. de Cartigniano, ambassador for Savoy, arrived the
day before yesterday with a suite of 24 men. He will go down
the Rhine to Holland on his way to England. He takes for
the king four horses and a leopard trained to hunt hares.
Enclosed is a letter for the L. Treasurer.

2 pp. French. Unsigned, viii, 94a.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Oct. 23, o.s. The Hague. — I have
your last with those from Spain and France. I understand
from England that you have particular charge, whereof H.M.
advertises the archduke, to assist with de Preaux at the
conference between the Archduke's commissioners and the
deputies of the d. of Wirtemberg. I have order to conclude
with the PP. of the Union in Germany the treaty last year
projected between H.M. and them ; when they will call on me
is uncertain. I hope not this winter. Your fair princesses
are here in most foul weather, and from hence they go to
Amsterdam. For the letter you write of, which wandereth
up and down your town, a letter hath been written to that

168

purpose by Barnevelt*, but whether anything be added or
altered, I cannot say, but it is resolved speedily to send one to
the Archduke with power to complain of the rupture of the
treaty and to demand satisfaction for wrongs offered to the
House of Nassau. Some think that the emperor will be at
Nornberg in person, and some that he will turn a Calvinist
because he doth wholly rely upon the courage and trust of the
marquis of Ansbach, prince of Anhalt and count of Hannau ;
but it may well be that some strong resolution will l)c taken
for a King of the Romans before the diet breaks up.
li pp. XLVii, 42.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 24. London. — I will pay Mr. Chandler 80/. so
soon as I have your entertainments for the last three months,
or sooner if yovn* credit stands upon it. The Exchequer runs
so fast into arrear as I admire with fear what the end will be.

Here is a merchant \rnargin Jehan Le Clerk] that hath under-
taken to pay in the 30,000L from France by Christmas, which
will help for this quarter. For the next, great store of Privy
Seals are preparing, and I think in the spring a Pari'- will be
called. Here have been divers consultations about the means
to draw coin into the kingdom, and a general belief is that
all our moneys shall be enhanced, which in my poor opinion
would be tomber de fiebure en chaut mal. I believe our silver
coin shall not be altered ; the gold perhaps may be hoysed 2*.
in the pound, and rix-doUars may be made current at 25. 8d.
the piece. Your ambassador is but little better welcome than
your last out of Spain, but we care not to send a Bucquoyf to
redress it. I do not wonder at your advertisement of the
emperor's kindness to the Protestant Union, for I can ascertain
you that it is courted on all hands, both of the emperor and King
Mathias, and that they speak in majestical terms with whom
they have to do, and do, as it were, plaj- the part of censors of
the Empire. Such is the majesty of united force. Whatsoever
sum of money the Catholics will amass against the Huguenots,
I understand that the Protestants have resolved to keep a good
cash in the d. of Wirtemberg's country to serve for whatsoever
accident shall befall.

You are beholding to Mr. Levinus for this honour the king
does you in the letter to the archdukes touching Montbcliard.

My L. Ambassador is to perfect a league with the United
Princes, for which long since he had commission.

• The princesses were the princess of Cond^ and her mother in law, who went
to Breda to see the princess of Orange. A copy of tlie letter in cjuestion was sent
by Trumlmll witli his despateli of .'i October. It is preserved in the Puljlic Record
Office and endorsed " Copy of a letter written out of Holland to certain of tlie
^Vrchdukes* ministers louciiini? the ol>serving ot the truce." It was anonymous
but attributed by Trumliull to Barnevelt. S.P. Flanden, Vol. x, ft' 122, 125, 127.

f Commander of the archdukes' forces ; sent by them on a mission to .Spain.

169

I did not trouble you with the advertisement of John Maye's
getting the reversion of your eourier's place before I can tell
you of his decease. There was underhand dealing therein, but
it was not in the power of me, or of any other your friends to
discover the plot, much less to prevent it. I would for the time
to come use my best endeavours, but to prevent all cunning
tricks, I wish you would either make suit to have the reversion
for your son, or if you desire to sell it, to dispose thereof in
time. His Ma'^^ hath lately written a second letter to my
L. Ambassador and a very pressing one to the States against
Vorstius, a copy of whose damnable propositions drawn out of
his De attributis Dei I enclose.

3 pp. XXXII, 29.

Hugh Richardson to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 24. Bruges. — Thanks Trumbull for finding him
a guide from Brussels to Bruges for Thomas Row of London
and himself.

I p. Misc. Ill, 160.

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 24. London. — Since my last I have delivered
to Henry Balam for you one barrel of oatmeal and one barrel
of candles, the which he hath promised me to see safely delivered.
I have also the 100/. more from the Lord Ross, so that now
there remaineth but 26/. unpaid of that bill. If that there be
anything else wherein I may send you, I pray you to command
me. Mr. Garset nor Mr. Chandler are not yet returned from
Norwich. I hope they will come both laden with money from
thence. At Mr. Chandler his going hence he had only received
5/. of all the money he had put forth here. I fear his receipts
at Norwich will be answerable to this so that in the end I fear
it will be but a Flemish reckoning*. God send him a better.
[The rest badly torn].

1 p. Misc. Ill, 162.

John Brownlow to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 25. Antwerp. — I have spoken to a friend who
is very inward with the Jesuits to procure one of the books.
Let my advocate know that the secretary who made the
confirmation I told him of was one Lambert, praying him not
to fail me by appearance there by himself [tor7i\ to-morrow.

Alderman Somes, aggrieved by losses sustained b}' the
pirates, manned a ship to recover his loss, who fortunately
met one of their ships straggling, either separated by storm or
seeking some prey, and is returned with the possession of that
ship. All that escaped death in the battle were hanged at

• Flemish accMuiit, an unsatisfactory account, onu showing a deficit. New Etuj.
Did. Oxford, sub voce Flemish.

170

Wapping last week to the numbers of 25, one whereof, by the
Queen's command, had escaped had not the absolute authority
of the King prevailed.

I desire to be remembered to my mother, Mr. Balthazar, my
little wife and my son.

[Postsc7-ipi]. — I have perused Dr. Field concerning the passage
you told me of, but can find it in neither of his books.

1 p. XI, 127.

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 26. London. — I have now the rest of the 26 and
have sent you 2 firkins of soap, which Harry promises will be
safely delivered. The money for the 3 cloths will shortly
be paid, as I have received the biU of exchange.

I p. Misc. Ill, 163.

Sir John Throckmokton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 26. Vlushing.— I had yours of 16th on 25th as
also the enclosed wherein there was much spoken of the busi-
nesses of Germany. It may once please God to give an end
to that kingdom and to the ruin therewith of those firebrands,
the Jesuits. It is a point of good note that the city of Worms
(being an archbishopric) hath given so good a second to those
of Aix in turning them out of their town likewise.

Yesterday I had letters from England that word is come
thither that the ambassador of Savoy is on his way. If he come
for our young lady, I trust he shall miss of her.

Our States have written very peremptorily to Spain to
complain of wrongs done to their merchants by the governors
of towns in Spain. If no satisfaction be given, they will give
commissions of reprisals.

1 p. XXXIX, 23.

Philip Lytton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 28 [e7idorsement]. — A letter of thanks.
J p. Misc. Ill, 164.

Isaac Allen to [William Trumbull].

1611, Oct. 28. Sedan. — After thanks encloses an acquittance
for 101.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 165.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Oct. 19. Vlushing. — Yours of 21st I had yesterday.
I immediately sent away your two wild boar pies to Mr. Levinus.

The league betwixt H.M. and the United German Princes
goeth on well, but the aid of 6,000 foot is abated to 4,000, and
that at the instance of the Princes, as conceiving that we may
have sooner need of their money than they of our men.

171

The expostulation with the Spanish ambassador was used
by us in scornful manner. He was asked whether he had not
instructions to propound the eldest daughter and whether he
had not accordingly propounded it. His answer was roundly
that he had such instructions, and that he had followed them.
He protested against the abuse of the duke of Lernia, done
unto him in that point, ^•owing, for that injury, to refuse hence-
forward all such kind of employments. This hath qualified
all personal exceptions against him, for it seemeth he stayeth
yet. I hear that Lerma in this matter used our Master's
ambassador very scornfully, whereof is like to follow some
expostulation likewise. I am afraid that neither this, nor that,
nor what indignities they may desire to put upon us, will draw
us out of this lethargy, or awake us out of our sleep. We shall
pocket up this injury with many others of no less scorn. If we
thus pass by (as well by France as Spain) these apparent dis-
graces, what in the end will they not attempt ? The French
ambassador hath answered that he had no knowledge of the
match concluded, but (saith he) if it be, it hath been done to
wash away all suspicion or jealousy betwixt Spain and them,
and to accommodate their affairs. But it hath been done with
much disloyalty to the alliance contracted with our king,
and some of our great councillors are angry at these proceedings.
I hear that the king's second letters to the States against
Yorstius may be kept back, and that H.M. shall have content-
ment.

When my Lord High Admiral was ready to deliver his patent
for the duke of York, H.M. would not receive it, but will have
him enjoy it for life, remembering his services, only desiring that
the prince, for his experience, might as a superintendent look to
the businesses of the navy and assist him, the duke attending
till it grow void. Accept this parcel of tobacco. I thank you
for your wild boar pies.

2 J pp. XXXIX, 24.

H. BiLDEKBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Nov. 9. Cologne.— I have yours of Oct. 29. The
Protestants at Aix will not restore the Papist Magistracy or the
Jesuits. If they restore either, they will be ejected themselves.
I hear that there is no one at Nuremberg to pursue their cause.
Nothing goes on there but banquets, more Germanorum. The
duke of Bavaria has driven out and dispossessed the archbishop
of Saltzburg, who has escaped to the Alps. The cause is partly
the strictness of the archbishop, partly that the Jesuits irritated
the duke against him. Sticks come to hand when one wants to
beat. Time will show if this prelate would willingly abandon
a primacy worth 600,000 _^. per ann. Leopold would gladly
join this morsel to the others and Bavaria would be pleased
to relieve the Archbishop of Cologne of the support of that
revenue.

172

Mathias has received the hommage of Silesia, but he has had
to grant them twice as much as they had from the emperor.
The King has gone to Vienna for his marriage on Dec. 4. The
reports of Bathory are true.

2| pp. French. Seal, viii, 95.

[? 1611, Oct. Paris]. — The duke of Bouillon since his arrival
here hath procured that there hath been a review of the answer
which was made to the cahiers, and that special commissioners
shall be sent into the several provinces to take order that the
edict shall be observed in all points wherein complaint had been
made that there hath been formerly want of execution.

The bargain is now concluded for the purchase of the govern-
ment of Bourg in Bresse of Monsr. de Boesse for 100,000 crowns,
and the reversion of his colonel's place for his son. The
Ministers of this State do deeply protest that it was not the
queen's seeking to dispossess him thereof, but only his own
desire to receive composition for the same, but howsoever those
of the Religion receive a great loss thereby. There hath been
a great canvassing for the obtaining of the said government,
which, as it was said, was affected by Monsr. d' Alincourt, the
governor of Lyons, but more earnestly by the marquis d'Ancre
to the end to have made an exchange with that government
for the other of Calais, but the queen doth give it out that she
will take order for the razing of the same. There is a gentleman
newly arrived here from the princes of the Union to acquaint
the State with that which hath been done at the Assembly of
Rottembourg, and especially to make instance on behalf of the
duke of Wirtemberg for the redress of a wrong which he
pretendeth hath been done him by the count of Soissons, in that
whereas he held the town of Alen^on and other places in
Normandy by way of engagement for good sums of money
which he lent to the last king in the time of his necessity, the
said Count hath by his authority dispossessed the governor
which was placed in Alenyon by the duke, and hath placed
another in his room.

The queen is two days since returned to Fontainebleau to
spend there a month, and she is not out of hope to draw thither
her niece the duchess of Lorraine notwithstanding the occasion of
her mourning for her mother, the duchess of Mantoua's, death.

There is news presently come hither of the death of the duke
de Mayenne at Soissons who is generally much lamented for
his sufficiency and honourable disposition, which gave content-
ment to all men.

The queen hath lately now let the farm of the profits arising
by the sale of the offices of judicature, and the finances of this
kingdom together with the rents which are paid for assuring
the succession of any such places, and by a new valuation,
which had been made of the said offices the farm thereof is now
raised to the yearly rent of 166,000/. sterling.

Ij pp. XXIV, 105.

178

J. Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 1 s.v. " raptim." Diisseldorp. — The ambas-
sadors of France with all their rhetoric have not as yet been
able to compose the differents at Aquisgrane, one of the principal
difficulties being about the deposed magistrates and counsellors,
especially some of them whom the bourgeoisie can by no means
endure to see re-established. For althovigh their charge be
only annual, yet their former bad comportments do make the
people tenderly fearful. But if in the visitation of the registers
which is granted (or rather extorted) before the time intended
by the provisional agreement propounded by the P'rench and
accepted by the deputies of the bourgeoisie (but not by the
bourgeoisie itself) no further foul matter be found, it may be
that offended people will become more placable. In that
project of provisional agreement I find nothing essentially good
for the Protestants, but the second article which concerneth
the exercise of religion. Yet some principal words therein are
so obscure that without a friendly interpretation only the
Lutherans may reap the benefit thereof. The words are
" differentes religions permises au St. Empire." Now though
it be true that the reformed religion be openly professed in
sundry places within the Empire, yet it is not warranted by any
Imperial constitution. In the last article also there is somewhat
a redire, where these words Princes voisins are set down in so
general a manner that they may seem to confound the archduke's
pretensions with the rights of these Princes. It was therefore
marvelled both here and at Cleve that the deputies of this
State who are employed at Aquisgrane did pass it for current
without dispute. But I marvel at it nothing at all, neither
will you, I suppose, who have observed the negligence of two
of them at their being in your parts. Touching their learning
and sufficience they are more obliged to your friendly opinion
than to that which many other conceive. The Palatine
Wolfgang William is departed from Norinberg and likely to be
in these parts ere long. I doubt not but you have understood
that notwithstanding his large protestation in writing wherein
he demanded that the controversy of the Administration of
the Palatinate might be decided before anything else were done,
contrary to the hope he had figiu'ed, the duke of Deux Fonts
is received into the Electoral College, and the first session held,
many days since, so that the same Palatine hath reaped as
little fruit in that behalf by courting the Electors of Coleine
and Mayence (for he had visited both before he came to Norim-
berg) as he hath done by sundry of his other endeavours. That
which you write of tlie emperor, king Matthias and your arch-
duke is not altogether without appearance of likelihood. . . .
The elector of Brandenburg is likely to obtain the investiture
of Prussia conditionally that he grant the Papists a church
in the suburbs of Coninesberg and augment the yearly pension
(or rather tribute) which is paid to the Polonian. His eldest

174

son had been ere this at Wesel but that the infection is in sundry
places through which he should pass. Touching the Saxon
you shall have understood enough by Mr. Segar, who departed
hence yesterday. He hath a better opinion of that prince's
title than I can comprehend, although I have long since con-
sidered every particular of both the pretensions of that House
with the former proceedings therein. Within 10 or 12 days
we expect the marquis Ernest who is yet I think at Hal, I will
not fail to move him for the House of Ravestein.
2 J pp. Seal. Misc. iii, 166.

Jamks Swynnerton to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 1. — From the shop of Mr. Radford, a cutler,
against Essex House gate without Temple Bar. — Has left
France without telling Trumbull, travelling with a sick friend.
Has not yet been able to send notes and copies as promised,
but will when he gets them.

|- p. Misc. Ill, 167.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 4. Vlushing. — I had shipped the wild boar pies
to England but after a whole night and half a day they were
brought back again ; but now the weather is changed I wish
they may stay good and sweet to your friend. Count
Cartignano, the Savoy ambassador, is now here with us. He
is of good discourse and discreet, and I wish that the rest of his
business might pass by as without any relation to ought else
of weightier consideration, for I cannot bring myself to believe
that from that idolatrous sect ought of good can be brought
unto us. It were strange that now at length, after so long
experience of their infidelity, we should suffer ourselves to be
deceived by their flatteries. I trust that better fortune is in
store for our princess than to be so matched. Our religious
king hath written his second letter to the States concerning
Vorstius to will them, as they would value his friendship, to tell
him to depart from their dominions, refusing all excuses. They
will do it, but this business is wholly carried against the affection
of our dictator here, B[arnevelt]. Judge by this action if they
be not going back as fast as they can unto their old vomit of
Popery and so unto their old masters. Their practises are full
of danger. I am afraid they will put it hard home unto us, to
deceive us. Our runagate is now there in Zeland. I thank you
for the knowledge you have given me of him. Continue to be
watcliful of all such men's actions that either do or hereafter
shall come to nestle in your parts, for therein dependeth much
of the least part of the service that I can do either unto this,
or our own State.

2i PP- XXXIX, 25, 26.

175

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 14. Aix. — The bearer, Mr. Segard, can tell you
of German affairs and what he has learned here, so all I can say
is that these people are so angry with their magistracy that
they will not believe our assurances and would prefer to remain
as they are until the election on St. John's day of that same
magistracy. They are intent upon this without waiting for the
emperor's consent to the presentation being as much of those
of the religion as of the others. This point is the most difficult
of all. It ought to be obtained, not by our intervention,
but by the imperial authority. In three days, by God's help,
we shall be more certain of the will of the people. They are
to assemble by " bafflet " as they call it, i.e. by companies
and crafts, which is the usual course in matters of importance.
Nevertheless your ambassadors here and those of Cologne play
the dumb person in this comedy, unless out of jealousy or
otherwise, they are covertly thwarting our negotiation, as some
say ; but I cannot be sure of this. This much I will say, that
if the commissioners of Juliers and the people here had chosen
to have no more communication with us than they have had
with them we should have taken good care not to have stayed
so long. If there is anything in this letter that deserves it I
beg you to impart it to Mons. de Preaux, to whom I have
written three days ago, sending the duplicate of a letter which
I have scattered among the people to try and induce them to
place more confidence in us and in those of Juliers than they
do. I have had nothing from Nuremberg this week.

[Postscript]. It is nearly six weeks since I had a letter from
you. I expect one by the coachman of M. Segard, if you please,
and of the Sieur de Preaux, provided he is advised of this
commodity.

I p. French, xxvii, 103.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 5. Paris.— I had yours of 23 Oct. on 29th. We
are expecting what will be the issue at the poor town of Aix,
where the Magistrates have been imprisoned and the Jesuits
expelled.

The mad Vatan, being bent to his utter ruin, hath forced
the Q. to draw out three or four pieces of ordnance against his
castle, whereof two she demanded of Sully, having them in his
town. AU the inhabitants forsook the town save some hundred
men, who are like to make their composition to his cost.

The d. of Savoy made a proffer to Desdiguieres to come hither
in person to declare his affection to France, and to propound a
league between the same and the princes of Italy against Spain,
hoping to break the match between the prince of Spain and
Madame. It now seems past breaking except by some
unexpected accident, whereof the Spaniards seem desirous

176

to move some occasion as they have made out of Navarre two
raids into Beam ; but there is little eagerness here to revenge
the same. On Monday last in Notre Dame there was a funeral
service for the Q. of Spain, attended by all the princes and the
Catholic ambassadors. Saturday hath been appointed in the
Parlement for the cause of the University against the Jesuits.
It will be done huis clos.

Madame de Candale, an Abbess, sister-in-law to d'Espernon*,
is converted to our religion, making a public recantation at
Charenton.

2 pp. IV, 160.

Sir Thomas Edmondes to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 6. Paris. — I have your letters of 18th and 25th
Oct. Since my last of Oct 10 one de Draconnier arrived here
from the duke of Savoy to condole with the Queen for the
death of her sister, duchess of Mantoua, and to give account
of the late conference between himself and the Spanish agent
concerning the marriage with Nemours. His relation agrees
with that of the French agent at Turin, but the agent's menaces
are now said to be greater — that if the duke proceeds with the
marriage, the King will renounce his protection of his House —
though not delivered in such imperative terms as before reported.
The agent refused I^a Grange's explanation and would refer the
matter to his Master. The duke, refusing to send his youngest
daughter Catherine to Spain, offered to send an elder called
Maria, which offer the agent refused. Draconnier also requested
first that the queen should write to the duke a letter in favour
of the Nemours marriage, and that France should protect him
if the king of Spain took offence ; and secondly that, as the
marriage between his son and madame was bootless for him to
entertain, the queen would recommend his suit for the lady
Elizabeth. The queen refused the first request, being loth
to offend the K. of Spain. To the second acknowledging it to
be inconvenient for the duke to defer the assuring of his son's
marriage with Madame till the king was of age, the son being
alread}' advanced in years, the queen would be willing to do
him good offices in England, but the princess was already
disposed of to the young Elector Palatine, and therefore no
other choice was left to the duke but to conform to the advice of
France and Spain, meaning presumably that he should marry
his son to a sister of the duke of Florence, to which the duke is
averse. As amends they have sent de Bulion, counsellor of
state with direction to Lesdiguiere to meet the duke in Piedmont
and endeavour to return him in devotion towards France.

M. de Refuges, lately ambassador with the Swiss, on his
arrival was charged to be ready to go as ambassador to the

* Frangoise de Foix, younger daughter of Hen. de Foix, Comte de Candale.
Her eldest sister Margaret, was married to Epernon. P^re Anselme. Hv<t. Gen,
de la Maison Hoynle de France, Vol. iii, page 386,

177

United Provinces, to stay some 4 or 5 months. This has caused
surprise, as there is no known cause of extraordinary business.
But lie is chosen for the employment as an honest man, and
acceptable to the Dutch as having been already employed in
a popular State. The return of de Roussy, their ordinary
ambassador, is deferred. He is of the Religion, and they avoid
to trust him in the business. But I find that it is done chiefly
to satisfy them touching the double marriages with Spain, and
to insinuate with them that they have more cause for jealousy
at the treaty which we were willing to have made with Spain.

The pope's chamberlain, sent hither with the hat for the
bishop of Beziers, the queen's almoner, hath been well enter-
tained at the Court.

The duchess of Lorraine is lately arrived with her brother,
Cardinal Gonzaga. She is much made of by the Queen at a
cost of 400 crowns a day. The Cardinal intends to stay all the
winter, hoping to be provided with some good ecclesiastical
livings.

Conde is lately returned, but Soissons has gone to Normandy,
ill satisfied, having been refused certain requests by the Queen.

The duke of Orleans is better after being dangerously sick.

[Postscript]. — Antonio Peres is lately dead here. Let me
know what you understand of the purpose of our English in
those quarters to erect a nvmnery here. Enclosed is for Mr.
Dickenson.

3 pp. XXIV, 107.

1611, Nov. 17. Warsaw. — Oath taken by John Sigismund,
margrave of Brandenburg etc. to the king of Poland, as his
liege lord,* for the investiture of Brandenburg. 18 Articles
follow.

Copy. Latin. 3^ pp. Misc. viii, 117.

Samuel Malapert to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 8. London. — I write to ask you to have my
affair in mind, as you have done so far, so my father in law tells
me. I am hurt that my friends of Mons do not write you a
word how affairs are going there, to serve you as a guide. I
have employed various people and sent all the papers I can to
serve my cause and they do not trouble to answer me. It
seems to me that they are suckers for each other. I hear that
Hans Vermeulen attaches no value to the attestations I had made
at Antwerp of my nativity and that I am legitimate, because the
witnesses are women. He shows what he is, for who can testify
a birth better than women, for it is not usual to summon men
on such occasions. But to give him more satisfaction I have
procured another attestation, made here and witnessed by my
own sister. It is also attested by my brother-in-law, Ciprian

* See Dumont : Corps Dijjloniaitque, VoL V, pt. ii, page 179.

\Vt.l210 Down. Ill- 12

178

Gabri and by my father-in-law, Matthew de Quester, who has
also procured the ambassador's signature. It seems to me
that this Vermeulen would like a petition to be made to his
Highness, who might recompense him in something else. I
ask you in such case to represent the affair to him and the
expense I have had to incur, contrary to the truce ; but I leave
the management to you as you understand these affairs better
than I do, and I hope that God will enable me to recompense
you in part. I enclose a letter for Hermes Muet, asking him
to advise you of what is happening, and that he will find you
my good friend. I ask you to have it addressed by one of your
servants to one Chartier or some one else who will go to Mons,
so that it may be safely delivered.
1 p. French. Misc. iii, 168.

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 8. London. — Yours of the 23 ultimo I have
received with the enclosed — that to Mr. Chandler I have
delivered and Mr. Thoris being out of town I have left his at
his lodging. The money of my Lord Rosse is now at last all
received — the principal I mean. The consideration remaineth,
which I think will be paid with thanks ; which now again Mr.
Robert Garset shall receive. When he hath, I know you will
distribute every one his part according to your order. For
the 26Z. I send you here enclosed a note to Mr. Hobson to receive
the same. Your commands with soap, candles and oatmeal
I hope you shall have received before this come to your hands.
The cloth being sent in a packet to Mr. Hobson, the other by
Henry Ballam who I know will be as careful to see them
delivered you in safety as he was painful here to see them.

I p. Misc. Ill, its!

Anthony Wither to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 9. Antwerp. — By your letter of the 7th as also
by the enclosed I perceive your great care to have the lOZ. paid
at Sedan hath had good effects, for the which I confess I was in
my last letter too careful because it was recommended unto
me by her hand that may command me in all I have in this
world for the respect I bear her.

The 60 odd guilders which Mr. Wake had order from me to
pay you was the fruit of the collection which you desired me
to make for those two poor Irish [?] gentlemen [?] with you. . .
I shall be glad if any of them may receive any by me and my
{faded\ because the greater by the occasion that whilst [faded]
the work it fortuned so that I bought and sold . . many
hundreds of pounds, I might say thousands, as I have dealt
with in all since my coming last to Antwerp. . . All our nation
here gave, some two, some three guilders the piece, and my
partner his five gs.

179

Concerning the North- West passage we are here all of opinion
it is found oxit, and the special ground thereof we have from
Mr. Kendrick who hath for certain informed me that the
principal mariners of our nation after that they had gathered
together to view over the journal of the . . . Master of the
voyage . . . did the same day report it upon the Burse at
London upon their credit that the discovery was perfectly
found in the same journal or day book. For a more particular
relation I refer you to Mr. Kendrick who to-morrow will come
toward you.

The wealth of this " flote " is 9 miUions in all, both for the
merchants and the king. I am promised the copy of the
cargo . . which I will send you. The project concerning the
East Indies by our men here I cannot conceive to be anything
but a vain report. . . . My best remembrances unto . . my
commere, Mr. Balzar and to assure you that you shall always
find ready prest to ser^'e you.

[Postscript]. — I have nothing to write my cousin Allen.

1 p. Parts illegible owing to damp. Misc. iii, 169.

William Abbott to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 10. Sablonne near the red cross. {Op de sauel
naest het reel cruijs). — After I had perused your letter and
found that my service was acceptable, though nothing can be
perfected until I am present with you to relate more at large
the efficacy of my late information. . . I purpose to cause a
memorial to be put up to his Altesse, to give me leave for 5 or
6 months for England, asking to be told in the next letter
whether it will be granted or no, to be sent by a woman dwelling
on the Sablonne next the red cross, who will wait for an answer.
This is the assuredest way . . . the ways that were open
to me by letter were difficult.

1 p. Misc. Ill, 170.

John Brownlow to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 10. Antwerp. — I sent you yesterday by
Kendricke your book of Moulin's which I borrowed of you
at Brussels, and told him the contents of your letter of the 7th
present. He promised he would satisfy at his meeting with
you. Lessius' book de potestaie Papae is not to be had, nor the
Peregrinus Romanus, nor those named in the catalogue of books
at Frankfort. Mr. Skynnor has recei^•ed from England what
vou gave him commission for, and desires your orders.

I p. XI, 128.

Arthur Aynscombe to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 11. Antwerp. — Two ships have come to London
from Virginia laden with masts for ships and other heavy
commodities. Sir Thomas Gates was not arrived there in the

180

middle of August last. One Fitzherbert an heretic near
Oxenford is to be burnt for denying the Trinity. Our king
opposes against the professing of Vorstius at I.eyden in respect
of his Armenius-like opinions, so that it is thought he is not
like to proceed.

J p. Seal. Misc. in, 174.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 22. Aix. — I wrote to you by Segar complaining
that I had not heard from you for over six weeks. We are
bringing this people to reason by degrees. I hope we shall
see the end of our treaty in a week provided that the jealousy
of our neighbours and the threat of a new imperial ban does
not unsettle us. Then I will write more fully. The enclosed
is for Beaulieu, and if he is not at Paris, have it opened by one
of your friends for distribution.

{Postscript^. — Tell Segar that the papers found near here
by a peasant are of no importance. I have read them and
found not a word which could help the king or your state.

The English gentleman who has been robbed is Catholic,
by name John Dakens. The packet is heavy and will cost more
than it is worth. Still I will do as he asks.

1 p. French, xxvii, 104.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 13. London. — Returning from the country I
had yours of 23rd Oct. I cannot requite your news not being
a courtier now. Sir Thomas Overbury is by the Queen's
consent admitted to Court, though not to her side. The
ambassador of Savoj' arrived last Sunday, and had audience
next day before the king's going to Roiston. He presented
his Ma*y with a gatto-pardo which he hath carried along
with him to Roiston. It is a very pretty beast with a very
fine countenance and lively eyes. Of this ambassador's
business men discourse very variably, neither can it yet be
guessed whether it prove a match. A Scottish gentleman
of the Privy Chamber, who should understand as much as
another that is no Councillor, was heard to say that the
ambassador might be gone when he would for any more
business that he knew he had here. The ('ouncil for all that
sit and treat about those businesses as it seems, and the King
allows the ambassador 15/. a day that is " 60 phillips." Mrs.
Vaux is in the Fleet and the two priests in the Gatehouse,*
though one be not known certainly whether he be a priest or no.
Young Pickering, the justice's son, is not dead nor the father
knighted but brought into the Council, who thought it fit he
should have some grace showed him to weigh down the disgrace
that is wont to accompany this kind of service. Lord Mont-

♦ Mrs. Ann Vaux. See Cal. S.P, Drnn, 1611-8, p. 88.

181

gomerv for her gopd and at her request hath begged her, as is
thought. I now He no more at I^ord Roos' house, nor been
with him more than once, and then could not talk with him.
The first opportunity I will not omit. I can see no end of Mr.
Floyd's business yet. If I had money to send on pay here, I
would desire you to charge me with the 10/. My debtors do
not pay. I will try to get you Mr. Floyd's lOl. either from
him or from me, since to please me you did that. There is no
ambassador for you yet though men's speech is of Sir Edwyn
Sands. Madame de Boischot's little boy lies dying. Bonnyrag
[?] the Poursuivant was stabbed in Holborn by a gentleman
and a priest whom he would have taken, but is recovering.
The Queen and Prince make a mask together both in one,

6 men and 6 women. This day the ambassador of Savoy hath
another audience . . at Tybalds, the Lords being gone with
him — Treasurer, Privy Seal, Chamberlain etc.

2 pp. Misc. Ill, 171.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 14. o.s. Paris. — I am newly returned after

7 weeks in the country. I have your letters of Sept. 18 and 24.
De Berruyer brought one of them to Senlis, but I did not see
him. I do not hear of any ambassador for your parts. There
are changes in this house. Mr. Searle has gone home by his
father's command, and Mr. Ingham has come in his place.
Mrs. Anne Wood is ill again. The Court is in mourning for the
death of the duke of Orleans*. My lord was the first of the
ambassadors to condole. There is a report of Monsr de Refuge,
late ambassador in Switzerland, being sent to the States, which
is strange as de Russy is here with purpose to return thither
shortly. De Bullion, councillor of state, hath lately been
sent to Desdiguieres to join with him in a pretended conference
with the d. of Savoy, who seeketh the accomplishment of the
treaty made by de la Varenne with him touching the country
of Vaux. Of the sending of de Bullion no notice was given to
Jacob, the Savoy amb"^- The enclosed is for Markham.

2 pp. IV, 157.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611, [endorsement], Nov. 14. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 302].
3^ pp. XLVii, 44b.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Nov. 24. [Cologne]. — I have been away, but have
yours of 12th with the news of the fleet at St. Lucar.

The Electors at Nuremberg have told Mathias that the king

* The seonnd sun of Henri I\', (utrn in IH07. Acfordiiig' to Pere Ansehne lie
was not named. Hist. Gen. de la Maisoii lioijule de Fraiiee, \'ul. i, pp. IIb-7.

182

of the Romans must be elected at an Imperial Diet. That done,
they banquet. Mayence led the way, and Cologne followed
with magnificence that none can rival. The Electoral banquets
take place every three or four days, on Sunday and Friday.
This done, they will await the Diet. The archbishop of
Saltzburg went off with the treasure of the See, and has been
pursued and taken, and the treasure has been restored to the
Chapter, while the duke secures 600,000 _/?• income. The
archbishop is likely to be sent in perpetuos carceres.

Archduke Leopold is in Alsace, and is said to be resigning
his bishopric of Strasburg to one of the princes of Lorraine,
one of the sons of the duke of Vaudmont being already a canon
of Strasburg. The bishop of ^'erdun has become a Capuchin,
his concubine and all {s'est rendu Capuccin et sa concubine et
tout).

Bathory is winning in Hungary and has Moldavia and
Wallachia, so that Mathias and all the House of Austria have
taken alarm. He is falsely accused of being an Arian and said
to have an alliance with Turkey, with whom France, Great
Britain and the States are in alliance, having Residents at the
Porte. Popes have ere this sought help there against their foes.

The ban against the town of Brunswick is put off till the next
diet.

3 pp. French, viii, 96.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 14. Vlushing.— I had yours of 4th on 11th.
The trees and plants which you sent for the L. Treasurer, being
brought no further than Middelberg by the slothfulness of the
shippers, I sent thither to receive them and shipped them into
another boat that went for I>ondon next day. The enclosed
letter from our king is now the more authentic by being in
print, but I am informed that he shall have contentment, and
the party [Vorstius ?] be commanded to depart the Provinces
now under this government. The princess of Conde with all
her company, after nmch feasting, she ever being accompanied
by his Excellency, are now returned to Breda, to come towards
your parts. I cannot learn that business hath been other than
compliments and some particular curiosity of her great-grand-
mother's womanish affections. What caused her to take this
new journey I do not enquire, for I think it to have been very
idle, and some will say not much for her honour.

1^ pp. XXXIX, 27.

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.

1611, Nov. 15. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 303].

4 pp. XV, 35.

188

1611, Nov. 25. N.s. The Hague. — Sir Raphe Winwood's
Second Remonstrance to the States General concerning Vorstius.
[Printed in Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 304].

3| pp. Copy. French, xlvii, 43.

RiCHAKD Churche to Thomas Newport.

1611, Nov. 16. Constantinople. — My last to you was of the
19th October which went directly for England because I think
you will be in London much about the arrival of my letter.
Since we have not received any letters from you so it is now
7 weeks since we had any letters from you nor from Venice,
notwithstanding the Venetians have had twice letters since
we had any. Yesternight the messe arri^•ed and brought none
for no Englishman, but we understand per the A^enetians that
the Mathew arrived at Venice the 8th of October s.n. by which
we gather that she was a month going from Zante to Venice,
a very long passage. We looked for her every day, but now
we perceive she can very hardly be here before Christmas.
Pray God send her well. Since the return of the soldiers out
of Persia here hath been some sale of cloth such as was good,
but coarse and bad cloths will not away at no hand, and for
barters here is very little good to be done, for that they esteem
our cloth to one at what it is worth and for what it will sell,
so that we might as good give them money as commodities.
Neither have they anything but " indico " which will be bought
far better cheap at Aleppo, for we understand by letters from
Thomas Mustard that they expect great store there as also
of silk and other commodities, and the Frenchmen being gone
from there, they hope to have things very reasonable at the
Mathew's arrival, she carrying with her great store of ready
money. Silk here is worth dos 44 per ' batmane ' ; if it were
to be had at 43, some of our nation would have furnished the
moneys here which now will send it to Aleppo. For rhubarb,
scamony* or opium here is none in town. All kinds of furs
sell here very slowly which we impute to the heat of the weather,
for it is very hot here for the time of year. We are in good hope
to dispatch all the tin by the time limited notwithstanding
here are yet 150 bar in warehouse which the Jews do fetch away
by little and little. It hath been the most troublesome business
that ever came to Constantinople and I hope Mr. Freeman
will take some order that there shall not be so many interested
in it as were this time, for their factors here are so fastidious in
regard their moneys that I cannot please them. Mr. Sampsone
doth not write this week to nobody having no occasion. Here
hath been an alteration since our last for you shall understand
that the prince of Bugdina| whom my lord kept in his house

• Scammony, a kind of Asiatic convolvulus, yielding a gum-resin used as a
purgative.

t i.e. Prince Stephen Radolo, called Stephen Bogdan, pretender to the crown
of Moldavia. " My lord " is Sir Thomas Glover, tlie English ambassador at the
Porte.

184

(thinking to have placed him in his princedom) is now departed
from hence and is gone no man knows whither, because the Turk
hath established another in his place, notwithstanding all the
money my lord hath spent in presents to the Bashaws and other
officers for the prince's behalf, which amounts to a greater sum
than I will nominate. The prince being gone, my lord called
up all the merchants and being assembled he gave them to
understand that now he had rid his hands of the prince and
would altogether industrate himself in the merchants' affairs
which he spared not to say he had neglected, because he could
not follow both their businesses together ; and to this effect had
penned a short speech which he caused the secretary to read,
desiring the merchants to advise into England of what had
passed and of his forwardness hereafter to do them any service ;
and sure that prince was the cause of much mischief, for so long
as he was here my lord never respected his merchants nor their
affairs ; which we hope he will do now that he is gone.
1| pp. Misc. Ill, 141.

J[ohn] S[anfobu] to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 18, o.s. Madrid. — Businesses begin to revive,
the King having of late slighted over the honours of the Queen's
funerals here at the Monastery of the Jeronymites, and returned
to his palace. One of his acts was to forbid the Savoy
ambassador coming any more to Court, and confining him to a
monastery. The Extraordinary also, that came to condole,
is dismissed without audience and is gone. Some think that
the promise made between the princess of Savoy with some
great House in France, without the knowledge of this state,
hath given distaste, it having been talked of immediately upon
the Queen's death, that the King was not unlike to match
himself there. It is their privilege gli ottomanni si amazzano,
gli Austriaci si chiavano, gli Y orki-Lancastriani si guerreggiano.*
And this may hinder that preferment said to have been intended
to the prince Philibert of Savoy here, whom the king had
purposed at his going to Portugal to have left viceroy there.
There is here a president of Portugal that doth much labour
to procure the king's progress thither. Don Rodrigo Calderon,
whose yea was wont to be more esteemed than four of Lerma's
and six of the king's, whether he hath resigned all or upon
some complaint of the grandees, as is now said, turned out of
all, but certainly out he is. The king hath done him some
mercedes for his services, and to keep him stiU in action he is
to go shortly ambassador to Venice. There is a report of the
death of the Constable of Castile at Milan.

Mr. Baldwin Wake and I have dealt with my 1. to take special
notice of Mr. Wake's matter. My Id. protests that he will do

* The Turks slaugliter each other, the Austrians oihahil, the Yorkists and
Lancastrians fight togetlier.

183

very effectually for him whatsoever may be done justly. But
here is the point. Mr. Wake's and Mr. Colford's debts are
parts of Mr. Cawley's grand sum, and so ha\-e jointly been
exhibited to the state as one entire suit, and so are still prose-
cuted ; yet seemeth now that these creditors do not agree among
themselves, which if this state but once discover, were it but
in imagination only, they will defeat the whole, and would be
glad of the occasion, so great a sum of money being a sore
burden for them here to pay. Therefore you may persuade
them to hold well together, not jarring among themselves.
Again whereas Mr. Wake seems to promise to deliver his
librangas and letters of exchange, my 1. thinks that it is more
than he can do, because the libranQas are all in Colford's name,
which he may make some difficulty to yield unto, making
account that having libratiQas of 80,000 ducats for the principal
of 40,000, he will be paid his entire sum of principal and interest
out of the first moneys that shall here be received, for which
there will be small reason, as my 1. thinks, and to which he will
not willingly give way or to anything else that may redound
to Cawley's prejvidice ; besides that his 1. understandeth that 700
or 800L of Colford's debt is that which Cawley was to give him
for factorship, which by contract made between them is not
to be paid till the whole be recovered ; to stand upon terms
then to have that also paid, together with the remboursement
of all his other moneys out of the first that shall be received,
would be of great wrong to Cawley. This then that my 1.
undertakes to perform, that if the librangas and other Ijills
of exchange be deMvered to him, or to any other whom they
shall put in trust, that they may be here, to be produced as
occasion shall serve, that then out of that that shall first be
received, the librangas according to their dates shall be paid
pro rata, both principal and interest. You may advise Mr.
Wake to deal plainly with my 1. and to set down his ease clearly,
and let him not rashly break from Cawley, of whose good
success there is good hope. Let him consider whether upon
jealousy of simple practices underhand, Cawley may not be
quit with him by putting him over to the General Decret. and
yet not prejudice his own suit. If Mr. Wake can by redelivery
of libranQas clear his matter from the main, my 1. will not stick to
prefer it as a suit apart. What you and Mr. Wake mean to do
must be done out of hand, and your despatches sent with the
first, because my 1. having ended his suit of love, has already
begun to treat of business, and Cawley's cause the first proposed.
2j pp. XXXVI, 48.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 20, o.s. Madrid. — I have your letters of the
last ordinary. The Queen's fimerals were at the monasterv
of St. Jeromino on 17th n.s. By will made 8 or years ago
she gave 80,000 cr. to the Jesuits' College, Salamanca, and the

186

rest to one of her sisters and some ladies that came with her.
But since, persuaded by the confessor, she doubled the legacy
to the Jesuits, and gave 3,000 ducats to the English seminary
at Valladolid : the rest in alms.

De la Torre, the Savoy ambassador, is commanded by this
king to retire, and is gone to a monastery 10 miles away. The
cause was that the king of Spain's agent in Savoy, who w-as
secretary to the last ambassador left there by him, declared
to the duke of Savoy this king's mislike of the marriage of
one of his daughters to the duke of Nemours, as too low a match
for a niece of a Spanish king. Nemour's agent in Savoy
expostulated with the Spanish agent, and threatened him ; for
which the duke of Savoy has not given the satisfaction expected.

On the 12th n.s. arrived de la Motta, ambassador extra-
ordinary from Savoy, but was commanded from Court and
joined de la Torre. Prince Philibert of Savoy has lately been
made supreme General of all this king's galleys, as was Don
John of Austria. Calderon is removed from pviblic business
and is to go ambassador for Venice.

There hath lately been returned from hence 1,000,000 cr.
to Flanders, and agreement made with Palavicini, Xicolo
Balbi and Carolo Strati of Genoa to pay there 80,000 ducats
monthly. Also 100,000 ducats are returned to be employed
in the businesses of Germany.

After Christmas the king may go to Portugal, a thing long
sued for by the Portugals, because at the first translation and
connection of their kingdom with the crown of Castile, laws
and conditions were made by act of parliament since found
to be burdensome. They can only be redressed by parliament,
and a parliament can only be held by the personal assistance
of their king. They offer 300,000 cr. for the expense of the
journey.

I have often been moved by you concerning Mr. Lionell Wake
who seems interested in Mr. Calley's debt. The latter says
that Wake's debt is included in certain librariQas passed over
to one Coleford, for a much greater sum than he oweth or
Coleford demandeth. He seems willing to give satisfaction
upon a just account, but that Coleford should receive his money,
though the lihranfas were in trust in his name and so afterwards
that Calley should stand to his courtesy, he seeth little reason
in it. But if Coleford or Wake will cause the librangas to be
sent hither, or if they be here already, to put any one in trust
to negotiate for them, I will interest myself so far as to see that
pro rata they have satisfaction in the same manner as Calley
hath it. Whatsoever good I can do for Calley, they will be
equally interested in it. I have already set Calley's business
afoot. If they will come to a reasonable account, and remit
the matter to some one here and myself, I will do my best to
settle things between them.

4. pp. XXII, 114.

187

Levynus Munck to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 20. London. — Till yesterday the ambassador
Boysehot never visited nor spake to my Lord Treasurer since
his coming into England, and when by his M^'" order I was
desirous to know the reason, de Groote told me that his stay
was until he had gotten a private audience from the king,
which was deferred then till his Ma^'' return from Royston,
and now a fortnight since accomplished. But it seems some
misunderstanding persons have so far misled him as to make
him seek some other addresses elsewhere, but I doubt not he
will quickly find his error. Here is no resolution yet . . of
any ambassador to be sent from hence ; many persons are
spoken of. . . The ambassador of Savoy holds on hand to
carry our jewel into the mounts ; he of Spain does openly
second him in it, but I hope God has reserved her for some
other match, more glorious to His Church and conducible for
her own salvation. They themselves allege the difficulties of
the pope's " agreation " to consent her liberty of religion there,
notwithstanding do offer la carte blanche to the king to inscribe
what conditions he will, and so, by tossing the ball to and fro,
do only make play themselves. The ambassador of Savoy is
courteously used and defrayed and like to tarry here all
Christmas. I would the Germans' minds were a little more
kindled to compass this jewel. It seems they have forgotten
St. Matthew's parable, but I will revoke myself with this position
in Divinity etiam de Deo verum dicere periculosum est. Princes
are Gods and so are their counsels unsearchable.

2 J pp. Misc. Ill, 171a.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 21. Paris. — The Protestants' proceedings trouble
the State exceedingly by reason of their new Assemblies in all
provinces beyond the Loire, where notwithstanding the Queen's
inhibitions on pain of high treason, they frame new complaints,
saying that at Saumur they were violented in their liberty.
They have sent two deputies hither with new cahiers, but
these were forbidden to come. The Commissioners sent by the
Q. into the provinces to execute the Edicts have been hindered
therein. Last week four companies of foot and two of horse
were sent to besiege Monsr de Vatan in his castle in Berry,
for shamefully using a provost who with 9 or 10 archers went to
search the house, as he had fostered and concealed there certain
makers of false salt — called faussoniers. He is of the Religion.

The apprehension of the Queen upon the death of the d. of
Orleans for the young d. of Anjou hath made her send for him
to Court, to be brought up. She hath demanded of the duke
and duchess of Guise the young lady of Montpensier, formerly
betrothed to Orleans, to be assured to Anjou, to the grief of
Soissons who desired her for his son. The duchess of Lorraine
after a month's royal entertainment by the Q., has departed

188

with a jewel worth 7,000 or 8,000 cr. Her brother, the Cardinal
of Gouzague, who came here to meet her, will remain all the
winter in hope to get a good benefice.

The Q. takes very heavily the death of the Q. of Spain.
Anthony Perez died lately here, having lived five or six years
like a dead man in the obli\ion of the world.

1| pp. IV, 158.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Dec. 1. [Cologne]. — I have yovirs of Nov. 19. The
Nuremberg meeting is over, and all are gone home, to meet
at Frankfort in 2 or 3 months to elect a King of the Romans —
probably Mathias, who will hold a Diet at Nuremberg, the
Golden Bull of Charles IV so requiring.

Tlie archbishop of Saltzburg is still in prison at a castle called
Werffen. The Cliapter have sent commissaires to him to get
him to resign, receiving a pension.

Ernest, marquis of Brandenbourg, Grand Master of St. John,
is returned to Diisseldorf. The building of the place de
Molheim which is the only refuge of the afflicted, will now go
on in earnest, provided they cease to persecute rich and the
poor Huguenots.

The emperor has left to your Archdukes and tlie Elector
of Cologne the execution of his mandate at Aix. Their deputies
there will act as gently as possible. The mandate allows those
affected to appeal within a fortnight. The people of Aix are
astonished as the propositions of the French ambassadors had
been received with acclamation. But by the intimation of the
mandate the magistracy is unexpectedly puffed up and stiffened,
and thinks it has carried the town. They seem to want to go
back on their promise to the ambassadors. The mandate has
been obtained so cunningly tliat I did not hear a word of it
in my letters from Prague, Nuremberg or Heidelberg. The ban
is never uttered inscientibus et improvidentihus Electoribus
Principibus et Statibus Imperii, whicli does not seem to have
been done.

2 J pp. French. Seal. Signed Cujus manum et animum
nosse potuisti. viii, 97.

William Trumbull to [Maurice, Landgrave of

Hesse Cassel].

1611, Nov. 22. Brussels. — Most high and mighty Prince :
having received the assurance of your Highness' favourable
inclination towards me as well by your H. own letters dated
Oct. 17 as by the relation of your faithful counsellor, Mr. Francis
Segar, for the small service I desired (but could not perform)
towards your Highness' eldest son the Landgrave Otho, a
prince whose noble parts so truly with his high birth make him
no less worthy to succeed to the heroical virtues of his parents,
than to their great state and dignity I find myself ^o much

189

obliged to your H. thereby as I am compelled in acquit of my
duty to importune it with the reading of these few lines, in my
natural language (knowing your H. to be a lover both of the
tongue and nation) both to declare my most humble and
unfeigned thankfulness for those undeserved honours and
show my fervent zeal to serve your H. in all future occasions.
Accept then, right high and mighty Prince, with your
accustomed benignity these humble words of thanks and
devotion which I offer to your H. as the first fruits of my
poor talent, and vouchsafe if my letters or other ser\'ice may
be agreeable to your H. I beseech you to honour me with
your answer and commandments which shall be as soon obeyed
as imposed. Of public occurrences this Court was never more
barren than at this present. The absence of these princes
whereby all intelligences are eclipsed, doth keep us in a cloud
of ignorance. But now within 3 days having provided all
necessaries to solemnise the funeral rites of the queen of Spain,
they are expected here, and shall be assisted by the States of
their countries in the performance of those superfluous and
superstitious ceremonies. Upon their return hither we attend
the arrival of Mon'"' Hugens, a secretary of the United Provinces,
and long to hear what propositions he will make for the pre-
tended contraventions of the truce both in Spain and these
parts. One Crawel a Burgher of this town, who for his
acquaintance and affinity with divers men of note in the United
Provinces, was employed hither in the making of the truce, is
now lately returned into Holland pour sonder le gue and discover
how that people standeth affected to change their imsettled
trefues into a solid peace. Which artifice of theirs in my weak
opinion {salvo semper meliori judicio) is but only a lethal potion
to amuse them until the mind of the Spanish practises in these
matches with France (which are now held for certain) and else-
where be brought to such perfection as at once they may blow
up their liberties and reduce them to their ancient servitude.
I forbear at this time to trouble your Highness with the
unnecessary repeating of the duke of Orleans, and Antonio
Perez his death, presupposing you have them at first hand
from Paris. Such relations as I had from Spain by the last
ordinary are comprehended in these enclosed papers. Of
Aquisgran I dare not say much, knowing your Highness to
be furnished from the fountain itself with the true relations
of their proceedings. But I will not omit to acquaint your
Highness with my apprehensions that the conspiracy of France
and these princes to restablish the treacherous Jesuits and
depose magistrates doth pronosticate some evil success towards
their affairs unless those dangerous influences be diverted
another way by the counsels of better friends.

In England we hold the north-west passage to the East
Indies (so long sought for) to be now certainly discovered. The
Spaniards tln-eaten us with an invasion upon our new colonies

190

in Virginia, which by God's providence and the industry of
their commanders will (I hope) be prevented. I presume
herewithal to send your Highness a new book published of late
in England by Mons''- Casaubon*, whereof I leave the censure to
your Highness' wisdom.

2| pp. Draft. Min. i, 108.

J[ohn] S[anford] to William Teumbull.

1611, Nov. 22. o.s. Madrid.— Deal effectually with Mr.
Wake to send quickly what papers soever import his suit, to
exempt and free it from Mr. Cawley's inextricable sum, that
it may be shaped to a suit apart. My 1. will deal nobly for him.
He hath protested (and told Cawley as much), that had he been
acquainted with Mr. Wake's moneys at his first coming, he
would have moved that suit before all other, and procured a
remboursement ere this. Let him send his papers with all
speed, and put them into what hands he please.

At our first coming a report was scattered, as it seemed by
Mr. Fowler's son (lately deceased this summer) that Colford
was broken, and played least in sight, which is now revived,
I know not by whom, which I am very sorry to hear of. I
leave to your discretion to conceal or publish what in my letters
I shall write touching these matters, to preserve my reputation
among friends both here and there, whom b}^ my honest meaning
towards all parties, I would be loth to seem any way to wrong,

1 p. xxxvi, 49.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 23, o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 2nd.
By the course held by your Commissioners in publishing the
emperor's fresh mandate at Aquisgrane (thereby to dash that
which was almost brought to a good end) as also by the arch-
duke in procuring it, Mons''- de Preaux may find he has been
abused with fair words. If the French had not used their best
endeavours, returning good for evil, both those Commissioners
(one of whose followers got a knock on the pate for clapping
up a copy of the mandate) and the Jesuits also had tasted to
the full of a popular fury. I do not see why the archduke gives
such an affront to France. His Council should proceed more
warily. The Electoral Assembly ended with feasting, having
done little. The marq. Ernest hath been here some days and
is gone to Cleve, whither I will go with Hotman on his return.
I moved his Excellency about the house of Ravestein, but it is
already granted to another.

[Postscript]. — The Spanish ambassador recommended k.
Matthias to the Electors. The like was done by all the House
of Austria in Germany very earnestly, save only the emperor
who did it coldly. I presume he hath no desire to see him k.

* Prohahly : Ad EpisMnm Card, Perronii Reaponifio,

191

of the Romans (for he doth not lo^•e him) nor any other, fearing
the consequence, as he sliall thereby be a step nearer retiring.
You know my meaning and he seems to know what designs are
hatched.

The Saxon Elector told our Palatine very plainly at
Nuremberg that he will not be mocked. He was the more
peremptory because he hath the favour of the Union. The
whole Saxon House hath written again to the old counsellors
of Cleve, and to some towns, very roundly.

1 p. XXII, 42.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 3. Antwerp. — I have yours of 2nd perceiving
that you have received the 200 gs. of Don Ferdinando ; for
your pains therein I thank you, as also that you would not
suffer him to endorse any more upon the bill, for there is not
one penny paid of it more than yourself hath now received.
That which the Condys paid me here was over and above that
sum which he was indebted to me.

Whereas you write that I should advertise you how I would
have j^ou dispose thereof, I prayed you to keep both this and the
90_/?. I left you with and to make them received of me by Mr.
Withers' order and so keep them for your own use, but if you
have no occasion to make present use of it, I wish you would
stay until the end of the month or until the 20th at which time
I will either appoint you to receive so much, or else will send
it you in specie from hence, and that you would send me there
by the post the 200 gs. the which will help to pay some money
that I must pay on Wednesday in next week, and I would not
willingly break faith with him that must have the money, and
therefore if your own occasions be not presentlj' to be supplied,
I pray you to send it to me by the post or some known acquaint-
ance. My wife sent you a letter from Sir John Throck. whilst
I was at Brussels, without any cover.

1 p. XLV, 30.

J[ohn] S[anford] to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 26, o.s. Madrid. — My 1. grows warm in Mr.
Wake's business, sorry that he had not sooner been made
acquainted with it. I have objected to him the difficulties
of the suit, as being a mixed, infolded suit in Cawley's horrible
sum. The difficulty of freeing it being entangled in librangas
made in other men's names ; how they can expect any speedy
despatch unless they bear date vel imprimis vel cum primis.
These difficulties being by me proposed, his Ip. set little by any
in assurance that he shall be able to do him some good, where-
unto (besides that spur which Mr. Wake and myself do give
here to flank on what we may) my 1. is much provoked out
of the zeal and vehemence of your affection towards Mr. Wake
and his business, to take a new kindling, conceiving of you

192

according to your worth and honesty. He desires on your part
that these things may l^e carried covertly in silence according
to the precept of the Stadist Loyalisti quienes hazen ij callan*
And that Mr. Wake by the next and speedyest means will put
his papers, libranpas, bills of exchange unto my l.'s hands, or
his kinsman's, or mine or whom he please, and to express the
date of the libranQos.
1 p. XXXVI, 50.

William Norton to William Trumbull.

[1611], Nov. 27. London. — At my coming over with the
ambassador he employed me as his interpreter so that I remained
with him at Gravesend . . 3 days until the coming of Sir
Lewis Lutenor to receive him. In the mean time my trunk
was landed and carried unto his house where it remained 4
days, but I had no sooner brought it home imto my own lodging
but it was seized upon for the King, and I accused for a conveyer
of books against the State and letters of treason into the land,
and ever since have been troubled in the Exchequer until this
present time, where I have so well cleared myself, that I doubt
not but it shall be very much for my good, and I have found
such honour at my Lord Treasurer's and of my Lord Chief
Baron with the rest of the Barons of the same Court, that I
doubt not but that when time shall serve I may have prefer-
ment. . . The Archduke's Ambassador was very nobly
entertained at Hampton Court, where at the same time Count
Sherly was received by the king, first as a subject on his knee,
and having made his humble oration, the king raised him up
and caused him to put on his hat and then received him as
an ambassador, using him most regally. There is since an
ambass"^- come from Savoy, who hath brought the king a
present of 4 horses with such furniture that by report of men
of judgment the like hath never been seen in England, moreover
a tame leopard of great beauty the which his Maj^y esteems
beyond the rest, for it followeth him like a dog and will catch a
hare at 2 or 3 leaps and any deer red or fallow that the king
shall point out is sure to die, in the which his Ma'^ takes great
delight. My cousin Dudley Norton told me it was thought
that Mr. Corbut, Clerk of the Council, should come ambassador
into those parts, but at this time he lieth very sick. Mesier
de Vitrie is here dead the 22 of this present month . . he
shall lie in Westminster until provision be made for his carriage
into France.

2|- pp. Seal. Misc. iii, 172.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Nov. 28. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials, Vol.
iii, p. 307].

3 pp. IV, 159.

♦ Who act and hold their tongues.

193

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Dec. 8. Cologne. — I have yours of Nov. 26 by the
Italian mail whieh picked them up at Rheinhausen. You will
do better to send by Antwerp to the care of the postmaster of
Cologne. For three months mine have gone that way.

Aix is now our only subject. There was a scare there last
week, which has been removed by the French ambassadors.
I am amazed that nothing has been done either by your king
or the States General or the German Union. The magistracv
and the citizens are to meet to-day to settle things.

The Grand Turk has made a truce with Persia intending to
attack Poland. At the Diet of Warsaw, at which the king
was present, it was decided to continue the Russian war for
nine years. From Dantzig I learn that the elector of Branden-
burg had at last secured the investiture from the king of Poland
of the Duchy of Prussia, for a good round sum.

I hear that troops are being secretly levied at Ferrette.
Leopold is at Ruffach in the bishopric of Strasburg, and
Ramee at Saverne. The archbishop of Saltzburg will be
pensioned and resign everything. He asks 400,000 y?. per ann.

2| pp. French, viii, 98.

Thomas Floud to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 8, N.s. Paris. — We find it strange that M.
Berruyer arrived ■without any testimony of the continuance
of your former friendship. . . I am charged by my lo. to
entertain you with a discourse of that individuum now turned
vagum. Upon Friday last he came to salute my lo. Arrived at
my chamber and desired to see the gentlewomen while my lo.
sat at table. Being advertised of his presence my lo. left his
dinner being unfurnished of fish, and entertained him for a
time in the same room, speaking of Aquisgrane, wherein my
lo. more suo freely misliked these ministers' sole and Jesuitical
proceedings. ... I mention this because M. Berruyer seemed
afterwards something moved with it, when M. Beaulieu and I
entertained him abroad. His Ip. greatly suspecteth, and wisheth
you seriously to charge Berruyer, to have delivered unto M. de
Villeroy's hands, by whose order they were opened, the last
letters be sent to you by him. He is persuaded of the fact and
threatens revenge. I know not his reasons but I told him I
had observed that Berruyer stayed here five days after he
had received his letters. I must entreat you to satisfy his
Ip. . . . if you observed the letters so curiously at the
breaking up.

I was glad to read in your letter of the 1-lth some passages
of recreation, for your restless care and overtravelling your
weak body doth much grieve your friends. I know your
inclination and education to savour nothing but diligence and
watchfulness . . but do not wrong your health out of an

Wt. 1218 Djwn. in— 13

194

honest and industrious mind, for we all know how free it is from
ambition. . .

Our nunnery ad\'anceth little, hitherto like a flying team of
ducks uncertain where they will light ; some remote suburb
in all likelihood, near the Feuillans or some other masculine
order that they may find religious comfort without scandal,
if the flesh rebel. . . There is another enterprise in hand
here . . . which should more nearly concern us . . wherein
Mr. Thomas Sackville, as I guess, is a principal workman. It
is to set up a college here of English only to study and write
controversies. It should seem they will prevent or imitate
his Majesty's design at Chelsey.

If pp. XXV, 22.

News from Vienna.

1611, Dec. 8. — The Palatine is not coming to the feast, but
he has sent to the king six fine mares for a coach and two hand-
some saddle horses. Cardinal Forgatsch has arrived here with
100 horse, the count of Serin with 300, the Sieur Palsy with
350. On Thursday the 1st the queen made her entry about
3 p.m. His Majesty and archduke Maximihan, followed by
their Court and other lords, 3,000 horse strong, went out of the
town to meet her. The queen with her mother entered the
king's coach ; his Maj. and Archduke Max. rode alongside
and she entered the town in great state. Arri^•ed at the church
of St. Stephen they alighted and entered. Within fine carpets
with red velvet cushions were prepared before an altar. They
both knelt and said their prayers while the Te Deum was sung.
That done they were conducted to the chamber, richly lighted,
where a numljcr of ladies received the queen. While they
were entering the chamber 300 guns were fired from the walls,
each one three times. The town guards fired three times for
the queen. At the time when the queen and her mother entered
the coach a dog went before them near the eoach, crying and
howling for a good space and no one could drive it off. The
wise are unable to say what this signifies.

On the 2nd tlie king with his bride and her mother, and the
archduke Maxmilian were at table. After dinner their Majesties
with the archdukes went out of the town to call on Cardinal
Dietrichstein, the papal legate, followed by 40 coaches and
24 young gentlemen, very richly attired. On Saturday the 3rd
the Archduke Ferdinand of Gratz arrived with his Court, in
mourning. His Maj. and the Archduke went out to meet him.
On Sunday the 4th at 4 p.m. the nuptials were celebrated by
the papal legate at the Court, after he had delivered an oration.
The king and queen afterwards set themselves at the head of
the table. On the right was Cardinal Dietrichstein, and next
came Card. Fortgatch, Don Balthazar de Cuniga, the Spanish
amb. and the Count of Sor. On the left were the queen's
mother, the Archdukes Maximilian and Ferdinand of Gratz

195

and next the duke of Jagerstorf, Brandenburg's brother.
After the banquet the king danced an Allemand with the queen.
Archduke Max. also danced with her, but not the Archduke
Ferdinand, because of the mourning. After these dances the
Spanish anib. Don B. Cuniga, danced with a lady and
after him the count of Sor and then all the other lords
began to dance. On the day after the king and queen with the
princes and ambassadors heard mass in public and received
the blessing of the legate. They then sat down at table in the
same order as the day before. After that they began the dances
again, which lasted until nine. On the 6th the Jesuits presented
a comedy to wind up the festivities.
3 pp. French. Misc. iii, 175.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 10. Antwerp. — I have yours dated Tuesday last
with one for Sir John Throckmorton. For the 200 gs. of
Jaquett's I am glad you kept it by you, for I made other means
for the satisfying of such money as I was to pay and therefore
I pray you to pass the 90 gs. and this 200 gs. as received of me
by Withers' order, for I owe him money and we will find it good
in account.

I have here told Jaquet you must have more money of him
this month. Within 3 or 4 days go to him and tell him that he
should make provision to satisfy you, for you must have it, and
because I know that of himself that he is backward enough
in payments, I pray you in my name to speak to S'^- Caverson,
whose bill I left you, to desire him to see that his brother-in-law
Jaquet give satisfaction every month, for otherways I will
look that he pay it to me. If he should tell you that I have
received my part of it here, believe them not, for he will find
20 shifts to put you off. I have received 5 phillips of another
captain, but that shall be shortened in the end, which I told
Jaquet of. Importune him, otherwise he will put you off with
words. About the 20th he shall receive his money, and what
you receive, advise me, but keep the money by you.

I ha^•e this day a letter from my compere Chandler and
there enclosed this to you, which he sent open that I might
see what news and therefore I have not sealed it. This little
note he put into his letter whereby you shall perceive that
you are shortly to be called home. If you have any other
certainty in your letters, let me know, for unless it be for your
better preferment, I should not willingly part with you so
soon.

Procure a passport or license for Mr. Corham, Mr. Skinner
and myself to go into Brabant to kill small birds with our
pieces, as I hear the Go^'e^nor of Vilvord grants them.

Mr. Throckmorton commends him to you and speaking to
him I cut my paper in this manner,

\\pp. XLV, 31.

196

News from Prague.

1611, Dec. 10. — The Sieur de Rosemberg will make his entry
to-morrow, in such sort that many ecclesiastics are leaving
here to go there. The duke of Brunswick is going with all
speed to the council to be master of the Court or director of his
Majesty, to whom he is well disposed. The princes are agreed
about holding a fresh assembly at Frankfort, choosing and
crowning a king of the Romans. The emperor would have
to consent although he would rather the election was post-
poned until after the meeting of the Reichstag.

I p. French. Misc. iii, 175.

Reasons of our Merchants' remove from Stode to
Hamburg.*

[1611, Nov.]. — First the composing (or at least palliating)
of the controversies between the English and the Hanse Towns
about their ancient privileges.

Next the revoking, or suspending the execution of the
mandate published by the emperor in the year 1597 for the
banishing of our merchants and their trade out of the empire.

Thirdly the granting of liberty to the Company to exercise
their privilege, in keeping court and managing there as hereto-
fore they had done ; which by the mandate was prohibited.

Fourthly that they might be at the fountain of their returns
and not be forced to take them at the second hand as they
were at Stode.

Fifthly to be free from keeping double factors both at Stode
and Hamburg for the exchange and payment of their moneys ;
the greatest part whereof, notwithstanding their residence at
Stode, was done at Hamburg.

Sixthly for suppressing of the strangers and interloping trade,
that was driven as well by those which were not free as those
of the Company, as well in Hamburg as in others of the principal
towns of Germany.

And lastly to finish the great and extraordinary charges and
expenses whereunto the state and Company was liable by
maintaining their question with the Hanses ; which have
amounted to a very great sum.

Misc. II, 123.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 4. Vlushing. — Yours of 24th I received on Nov.
30. I am advertised that word is for certain brought to England
that Captain Roger Midelton, who was sent to seek out the
pirates, found them on the Barbary coast, and there offered them
H.M.'s pardon, which they accepted and are on their way
returning. Captain Midleton is made captain of their best ship.
Our English merchants daily complain of their wrongs in Spain.

♦ See Cal. S.P. Dom. 16 H -8, page 96,

197

Several judgments and decrees which they have had are never
executed, and upon just petition made to the king no redress
can be obtained. The Lords of the Council have acquainted
the king with the grievances of his subjects, and the Sp.
ambassador hath been roundly dealt with in hope of amend-
ment. That State seems privileged to wrong aU the world.

The Savoy ambassador is already important suitor for the
princess Elizabeth, but he is like to return home without any
lady. A meeter match is reserved for her, I trust the Count
Palatine of the Rhine. The duke of Wirtemberg is said to
be expected in England. For what, his coming in the winter
is diversely spoken of. Some day he would also be a suitor.

We expect from your Princes two deputies at the Hague.

The States, touching Vorstius, are resolved to write to H.M.
to essay to content him and yet to retain him under protection
and pension.

The body of de Vitry was embalmed and brought from
Royston to the Charterhouse, and on Thursday last carried
through London in a waggon, covered with blue velvet and his
arms on it to Westminster Church, accompanied with noblemen,
knights and gentlemen, bravely mounted, to the number of 100.
The duke of Lenox was there, and the earls of Suffolk, Arundel,
Worcester, Pembroke ; Lords Compton, Knowles, Walden,
Cranborne and others. His body shall rest there unburied till
it be sent to France. While he lay dying he sent to the Spa.
ambassador for friars, who came a day before he died. Note
that he sent not to the Fr. ambassador. Immediately after his
death the Sp. ambassador went, unknown to any of the lords,
to Newmarket to the king. He privately told the king that
his master had procured a dispensation from the pope for the
Savoy marriage, and that in Spain it was much desired. Thus
you see how by art they strengthen nature and all to deceive
us. In the latter part of your letter you promise me to be
watchful over the negociating of our secretary Heugins with
your princes and to inform me thereof. Perform the same, for
I am jealous of these people's practising with France and Spain
against us.

3 pp. XXXIX, 28.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Dec. 15. Cologne. — I have yours of the 3rd and have
forwarded the packet for the Landgrave, and that for Rab.
I am surprised at your news of the prosecution of the Spanish
ambassador at Rome. Venetian letters say that the Viceroy
of Sicily has hung some delinquents belonging to the Church
[gens d'Eglise) and that the archbishop of Palermo's Suffragan
had excommunicated the Viceroy, who immediately set up a
gibbet before the archbishop's door, and ordered that any wlio
went in or out should be hung on the spot. This compelled
the bishop to revoke the excommunication, but two priests

198

who spoke disrespectfully of the Viceroy were hanged. The
pope takes it all calmly, having quite enough to do with his own
household.

Germany is at present very quiet. The United Princes have
sent an ambassador to Winwood at Wesel. I feel confident
that things will happen in Germany as in alchemy, in qua
ratione ipsa Veritas et profectio artis coarguitur, effectu veto
nunquam adsequitur.

The French ambassadors have left Aix without the old
magistracy consenting to ratify the accord. They have signed
in the king's name an agreement with the Princes' ambassadors
promising to support them.

21 pp. French. Seal, viii, 99.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 7, o.s. Diisseldorp. — By Markham you will
know what journey our Palatine hath undertaken, who while
he runneth his former covu-ses, and while the Union favoureth
the Saxon (as it manifestly doth), cannot hope to compass his
desires. The el. of Brandenburg hath at length obtained a
grant of the investiture of Prussia, and is gone to Warsaw to
receive it. He is to fiu-nish money towards the wars of Moscovia.
The Fr. ambassadors left Aquisgrane ill satisfied. I marvel
what they of your quarters mean, to use such tricks.

\p. XXII, 43.

[1611], Dec. 9]. The Hague.— Protest of Sir Raphe Winwood
to the States General concerning Yorstius. [Printed in
Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, page 309.]

2\ pp. French. XLVii, 44 {two copies).

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 12. Paris. — I have yours of 29 Nov. I named
the discontentment of Conde and Soissons at important affairs
being carried on by one or two Councillors without their know-
ledge. The latter now accuses the Chancellor of injustices
daily practised, and demands redress for public justice sake.
He alleges also the wTong done to the Princes of the Blood in
that the k.'s marriage was contracted without their knowledge.
This is supposed to be the result of private conferences between
Conde, the Constable and him. But the matter has been
settled ; on what terms I know not.

A'atan has rendered himself to the Queen, some 40 of those
with him being hanged, and himself brought hither this day.

In the cause between the University and the Jesuits the
University Advocate, de la Martillicre, spoke for an hour the
first day and for three on the second with great boldness. It
is said tliat sucli an action was not performed in the Parlement
for 100 years. He called the Jesuits, proving it by particular
reference to their books, murderers of princes, perturbers of

199

States and corrupters of youth, Clochettes de Coryhante, qui
tronhlent le sang et le sens de tous ceucc qui les oyent, impugning
their miracles, as never heard of out of the Indies, where they
were both the subject and the authors of their own relations.
Neither did he spare the Pope's Holiness, . . . maintaining
him to be subject and inferior to the General Councils, to have
his power limited within the bounds of spirituality, and none
at all over the persons or rights of kings.

The next day Montholon, the Jesuits' advocate, spoke an
hour or two in their defence, rather by flat denial than disproving
the other's arguments. The Rector of the University also
made an eloquent speech. The speech of the King's Advocate
Servin was interrupted by tlie holidays. It is hoped that the
matter shall go hard against these holy usurpers, and tliat they
shall be put off from their pretended incorporation with the
University until a more propitious time may expel them
altogether out of the kingdom.

The Protestant deputies from beyond the Loire are here,
and hope for satisfaction from the Q. because of the broils of
the Princes. Bouillon also is here ; he seems to have little
credit with the Protestants but is much made of by the queen
and the state. It is said that the d. of Maine shall go to Spain to
thank them for the sending of Feria hither, and to condole.

We hear of 1,000,000 or. lately sent from Spain to your parts,
and of a partido made with some Genoese for 80,000 more to
be furnished there every month. Matters at Aix are com-
pounded with the re-establishing of the magistrate and Jesuits.

2^ pp. IV, 161.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury, to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 12. Whitehall. — Yours of Nov. 20 came when
the deflux of a rheum held my hand from answering. Now I
can with more ease let you know that your discourses in the
business of the cloths deserve commendation and regard. I
persuade myself that between this and the time prefixed for the
last importation of the 6,000 cloths they will fix their con-
sideration principally on two points : first, whether they may
establish that manufacture there and banish ours without
infringing the treaty, and next, whether they can raise answer-
able profits and furnish themseh'es of sufficient cloths of their
own, and of wools for their making without the underhand
supply of ours ; whereupon they build, but with a weak
foundation, as will appear when the helps that are now wrought
them by the hand of deceit shall be narrowly looked into with
the eye of prevention. In the mean time you shall be vigilant
all you may, to discover who are the abettors and instruments
in the cunning fraud A'ou write of, and therein to make use
both of friends and money that, the sore thoroughly searched
and the corruption cleared, the cure may follow more speedily
and soundly.

200

My 1. Vaux's disguise* (perhaps to avoid chargeable note there
or suspicion here) is not greatly material, but this slighting of
such proceedings in him and others will be no diminution to
the respect of your advertisments and diligence in matters of
this and the like quality.

Touching Eustace| who (as divers others in like case have
done) makes you that overture of imparting matters much
importing H.M.'s service (wherein whatsoever he pretend for
the public, he is like enough to intend the private) you may
grant him a passport, but from his own suit and solicitation,
that he may not say hereafter you were credulous of those
discoveries which may perhaps prove scarce worth it. For the
other that qualifies himself of the house of Marbaysf you shall
understand that he hath been examined, and though some
things fall somewhat flat on him, to the general accusations
(which are naked enough of particularities of places, persons
and other duly proving circumstances), he answers by constant
denials by word, which he is now about to make more clear by
writing. Meantime he is restrained a good part of the liberty
and respect his pretensions had got him, with eyes over him
to observe his motions.

2l pp. XXXVI, 33.

Daniel Skynner to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 12. Antwerp. — I send by bearer 30 yards of
dornix§ I bought in England for you with 2 carpets. They
lay long at Dunkirk being Masterton's fault. The former cost
28d. per yard and the carpets 135. and 8s.

^ p. Holograph, xxxvi, 86.

Sir Ralph Winwood to William Trumbull.

[1611], Dec. 12. Hague. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
V'ol. iii, p. 310].
2 J pp. XLVii, 45.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 13, o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 311].
2^ pp. XV, 21.

* Lord Vaux was in Brussels, passing for an Italian. Trumbull to Salisbury,
20 Nov. I61I. S.P. Flanders, Vol. x, f. I48d.

t Edward Eustace, an Irishman, banished from the Spanish dominions for good
oifiees done to Sir Edw. Cornwallis. Ibid., f. I43d.

t Nicholas de Culos, a Walloon, born at Telin, son of a lacquey and a chamber-
maid, who styled himself Nicholas de Marbays, baron of Cuinge. Ibid., I. 150.

§ A silk, woistcd, woollen or partly woven fabric, used for liangings, carpets,
vestments etc. ; fri>m the Flemish form of Tournai. Neic Entj. Diet. Oxford .lub
voce dornick.

201

John More to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 13. London. — I can only get of your entertain-
ment one-half of what we expected. On Dec. 11th I had your
allowance for July, Aug. and Sept. and paid 80/. to Mr. (i.
Chandler for your use. At Christmas there will be 3 quarters
of your fee also due, but I cannot get any time of payment.
For your present needs I can furnish you and may pleasure me
in March with your three months' means, or part thereof, if
then Jan., Feb. and March be allowed you, which then my
private occasions may need, to be remboursed you again in
May without fail.

On Tuesday the Savoy ambassador shall have audience at
Theobalds, and is like to have some presents in requital of the
four horses and other presents from his master to the king.
The Court affords some mourning to the Sp. Queen, and our
condoling has been done by a letter to Digby sometime since.

The L. Treasurer lately told the Sp. ambassador that our
ambassador will be recalled and letters of reprisal granted if
Spain will not speedily afford our merchants better justice.
His lordship hath been ill but is recovered. This state could
ill miss him, a patriot qui de republica optime sentit, and dares
speak more than all the rest. Mr. Corbitt died on Saturday ;
his commissary's place of Ireland goes jointly to Mr. Edmonds
and Mr. G. Calvert and the longer liver of them. Old Tho.
Sutton, the richest gentleman of this kingdom, died yesterday,
leaving large legacies to good uses.

Privy seals are gone forth in greater number than ever.

The States are setting forth 13 ships to Spain to right them-
selves, if their Commissioners here shall not speedily procure
satisfaction. Our merchants are prone enough to do the like
even at their own cost.

li pp. XXXII, 31.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. li. Vlushing. — I send you a copy of what I have
instantly received from my L. Amb"^- Winwood. You will
judge how we stand with these ungrateful people. We must
have our wits about us to prevent whatsoever in these
practises may be of disservice to H.M. Be watchful over the
practises of your princes and the movements of their men of
war, and on the least appearance of danger advertise me.

Mr. Quester asks me to send you a great basket of Christmas
provisions.

1 J pp. XXXIX, 29.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Dec. 15. — Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 313].
2 pp. XLVii, 46.

202

[De Villiers Hotman] to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 28. Cleves. — I send this by express to beg you
and de Preaux to let us hear all you know of the decision made
by your archdukes to execute the Imperial mandate against
Aix, and whether the El. of Saxony is in it. In these were
signs that he meant to try to upset the possession of these two
Princes, although he has not yet fulfilled the conditions of
Juterbock. We would know what preparations the archdukes
are making, especially as we hear that Ramee is raising men
in Alsace, and Reuschcnberg in liymburg, and Ritberg in his
country. We know that the two last have long been in Saxony's
service. Has the Co-adjutor of Cologne had an interview with
your Archdukes ? Messieurs de Werpen and Achelen revile
our nation generally and de la Vieuville in particular, and
threaten the poor folks of Aix who are settled by our treaty,
for whose assistance the Marquis Ernest in the absence of his
" compagnon " (who has gone from Prague to Prussia) is
doing his best, both by sending troops to Aix, and by his envoys
in France and Holland. De Preaux will tell you the details
of the investiture of Prussia.

I left Dickenson at Diisseldorp and go back there in two days.

1 p. French. Unsigned, xxvii, 105.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, Dec. 29. Cologne. — I have your two letters of the
9th and 19th. The Elector of Brandenburg at the last meeting
of the States of Poland has had the investiture of Prussia for
himself, his brothers and descendants, which he considers very
fortunate as it has cost him so much trouble and expense.
The Palatine of Neuburg has gone to meet him.

I send herewith one of the miracles of the Patriarch Ignatius.
They only decei\'e idiots. I do not understand what you say
of the treaty between the States and your king, in which you
blame the delays of the Germans.

King Mathias is married, and will take his Queen to Bohemia
to be crowned. Gabriel Bathory is within three leagues of
Vienna. He is followed by all Wallachia and Moldavia and part
of Lower Hungary. He is accused of getting help from the
Turk, and he retorts that the pope treats him worse than the
Turk, and that the popes themselves have ere now had recourse
to the Turks against their enemies.

The Frankfort diet is mainly to elect a king of the Romans.
There is some fear that your archduke may get that crown, and
it is said that his deputies have arrived at Dresden with four
beUissimi cavalli for the Elector, in return for his vote. He
cannot have voted already, so it must be to secure his vote.
The Electors of Cologne and Mayence are for Mathias. The
Emperor strives to avert the Electors from this election, for if
it proceeds his authority will grow weaker than ever. There

203

will soon be Saxon envoys here, I know not why. Some say
they are ordered by their master to seize these Provinces by
virtue of the treaty of Jutersbock, others that they are going
to Brussels to complain that tlie treaty is not enforced. I hope
to get to the truth to-day.

We hear of levies in Alsace, but it seems to be only to keep
order among the population who are oppressed by extraordinary
contributions.

My compliments to Hughens if he is with you.

3| pp. French, viii, 100.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 21, o.s. Diisseldorp. — Since the French left
Aquisgrane, your deputies and those of the El. of Coleine
threatened to promulgate the mandate within 8 days. The
time is past, but nothing done. I once thought the bovirgeoisie
might expect more favour now from France than the adverse
party, who, upon the appearing of the mandate, slipped back
from all they had said or signed. But what I learn from your
Monsr. de Preaux, and other considerations, make me doubt
now how things are taken. Hotman went to Cle\-e 10 days
since. I was to have gone with him, but he had to go
immediately.

The marquis may send to France, with some from Aquisgrane,
to sue for letters to the emperor and archduke Albert.

The emperor (I hear from Heidelberg) will strengthen the
treaty of Guterboghe by his authority, whether Neuburg
subscribe or not.

The El. of Brandenburg was very pompously received at
Warsaw, the King meeting him outside the town.

Touching the house of Ravestein I think fit to move no more,
lest my obtaining a grant and your seeking to use it might
imply that we would dispute the Saxon's title, whom our master
will not oppose.

While I attended the post of Coleine Hotman arrived from
Cleve, from whom I understand that two shall be sent into
France, one in the name of each prince.

\ p. Trace of seal, xxii, 44.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 31. Antwerp. — I have daily expected to hear
from you about the relation which Colford promised to bring
you, and not having it I am at my wit's end and know not
how to write for Spain, lest I should differ in something from
the relation which Colford will make, and therefore I must lay
a greater burden on you. In your letter to Mr. Sanford excuse
my not writing by this post and certify liim that, in regard both
Colford and his friends here do make some doubt that my L.
Ambassador soliciting for my particular may be some hindrance

204

to the whole, that they are here not vviUing to separate it from
the rest ; otherwise it might very well be done, there being a bill
of exchange of 20,000 ducats, but Colford has promised to write
to Father Creswell that if my 1. and he should find any course
that may not hinder the whole business, then they are contented
that I shall enjoy any benefit that my lord shall be able to do
me. So you must not forget in your letter to set down that the
chiefest good which my lord can do for me is by obtaining ready
money and interest for the time past which is now 4 years.
This enclosed I received from Sir John Throckmorton with a
rundlet of brawn and a little demi-rundlet of " muskedell "
the which I must keep by me until the frost be done.

For the 200 gs. of Jaquett's I pray you fail not to importune
him for it, and if he should fail, that you would take the pains
as to go to his brother-in-law S"'- Caverson for it, and being
received, let your man carry it to Colford's to be sent me with
250Z. more which he hath for me ; for that next week I have
a great deal of money to pay.

I ha^•e yesternight advice that Mr. More hath paid Mr. George
Chandler 80/. the which I will enter the amount between us
and so being extreme cold and not able to write any more.
I am etc.

'^^ pp. XLV, 32.

Francis Cottington to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 22. London. — I have found means to stay until
now, but have not been able to write. To-morrow I shall begin
my journey for Spain. I expect to remain in Madrid till the
end of March and may then be at Seville. By the copy of my
commission enclosed you wiU see the nature of my employment
I have from the king no kind of entertainment . . . sure I
am it will be a place of much trouble. ... I hear no speech
of your successor, which moves me to imagine that you will
not be so soon removed.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611, [1612, endorsement], Jan. 4. Cologne. — I have yours of
Dec. 24. I have heard no more of the Saxon ambassadors who
were expected here. There is said to be only one, a doctor
of Genoa (commonly reputed an ambassador), who comes to
consult with our doctors on the claims of Cobourg and Weymeren
to these countries. We hear of levies at Maestricht for Hungary
to assist Mathias against Bathori. I think there is something
underlying this, for there are many fresh plots against these
Provinces. Wolfgang William of Neuburg is at Prague, as it
is said, to get his Majesty to ratify the treaty of Guterbock,
who talks of Saxony being admitted to these Provinces. A
marriage is arranged between Augustus, duke of Saxony and

205

Brunswick's daughter.* The emperor is restless. He would
like to leave Prague but does not know where to go. I enclose
Brandenburg's oath to the king of Poland.
^i pp. French. Unsigned, yiii, 102.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 26. Paris. — The winter hath been very pinching.
Vatan was beheaded and his body burnt on Monday, but his
head is to be set up in his castle which is to be razed. The
Prince of Conde has his goods. He refused all priests and was
attended only by du Moulin. D'Espernon arrived the same
day with a great train including the d. of Guise and his brethren,
Lord Clifford, Mr. H. Howard and 15 or 16 English gentlemen.
Desdiguieres is expected. Sir J. Digby sent a gentleman this
way with a dispatch to England, and letters from Sanford.
You will have heard of the notable juggling which the Spaniards
have played with our master, in entertaining him so long and
with such solemn professions . . in the hope of a marriage
between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta, and at last
eluding him, when he came to close with them, of all their
promises, . . . and now to . . plaster over their shameful
dealings they use no other remedy than a plain disavowing of
their ambassador. . . . But in England there is over much
lenity and irresolution in the revenging of those intolerable
wrongs. . . They are now about to make the publication of
their new marriages both here and in Spain, which, they say,
is to be performed in both places on one day, and that . . .
both the daughters are within two years . . to be inter-
changeably sent, the Infanta hither and Madame into Spain.

2^ pp. 'Seal. IV, 162.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 27. Vlushing. — On Cliristmas Eve I answered
your last, in which you spoke of a business concerning Sir
Griffin Markham. I told you about Vorstius. The States
have told Winwood that by these letters they have contented
H.M. If not, in their next assembly of Holland they will satisfy
him, but these are but words. Their poison is, I trust, already
scented, and I hope the evil will be prevented. Refuge on Friday
lay still at Rotterdam. It is believed at the Hague that he hath
charge to make strange overtures (this for yourself). That if
H.M.'s declaration against Vorstius and Arminius doth not
break the neck of his design, he hath charge to make the overture
for a particular peace with Spain upon the same ground of
liberty and solemnity of which they now stand possessed, but
with this condition that the Catholic Romish religion may be
freely exercised through the Provinces. If Spain and France

* Augustus, younger brother of tlie Elector, married Elizabeth, third daughter
of Henry Julius, duke of Brunswick WolfFenbiittel, on I Jan., 1612,

206

may obtain this for free profession of Popery, they know these
countries must quit thereby of England and hang their whole
dependence of them. Thus you see that the great princes of
the earth are combined and set themselves against God and his
Anointed.

From England I hear that since the alliance made between
that Crown and the States there hath not anything fallen out
so sensible to tread a jar between the king and them than this
their defence of Vorstius. If the king have not satisfaction
in it, I fear he will take it more deeply than they which wish the
good of the Provinces will be willing to see. My only comfort is
that this Province of Zeland, that of Groningen and Friesland
are firmly of his Majesty's opinion against this atheist Vorstius,
and not only they oppose against the opinions of them of
Holland and the other three Provinces for the keeping of him
in the Provinces, but will, with H.M., protest against their
contrary proceedings. We shall learn from England how H.M.
answereth their letters.

The Savoy ambassador will be despatched out of hand but
with no direct answer but that the king will reply by one of
his own subjects. I trust we shall be well delivered of that
ill-tasted proposition.

2l pp. XXXIX, 30.

M. DE LA YOYE to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Jan. 7. Luxemburg. — Sends him some excellent news
obtained from a friend M. Desmeliere, councillor of the Marshal
de Bouillon. Asks him to reciprocate by sending any news
lie has. Promises to supply news from wherever he may be.
Asks him to inform M. Pratz of the state of his affairs against
Vassambourg, and to send him word of what he learns. If he
does not obtain justice he will appeal to the marshal who will
see him righted.

I p. French. Misc. iii, 68.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611, Dec. 29. Paris. — In the Jesuits' case Servin spoke
three hours with admiration of all the audience. He said they
had gotten the late king's letters patent for their admission
[to the University] . . to take effect according to his Ma'^'^
will . . . but withal, said he, with a due observation of all
the clauses therein contained, whereof one of the chief was that
the Jesuits should in all things conform themselves to the rules,
doctrine and institution of the University, from the which he
alleged . . . them to be discordant in many fundamental
positions and maxims of the Galilean church, which he specially
instanced in four points of all time maintained, as he said, by
the sd. University and the Sorbonne. Whereof the first was :
That the pope's authority is inferior and subject to that of a

207

General Council ; 2, That the pope hath no power to depose
kings ; 3, That the Clergy in France are subject in civil matters
to the secular jurisdiction of the kingdom ; 4, That anything
delivered in auricular confession which doth import any danger,
either to the K's person or the State, is to be revealed. As
these points were contrary to the doctrine of the Jesuits he
concluded that they should not be admitted to the University.
The Provincial of the Jesuits, seeing the Judges ready to go to
consultation, interpelled the Court and told them with a
trembling voice that he had charge from his fellows of the
Society to offer to subscribe to any things that the Sorbonne
should subscribe unto. The arrest was that the cause should
be appointee au Conseil (that is, referred to a Committee to take
further view of the matter), and in the meantime Defences sont
faites aux Jesuites de n'exercer cUins leurs Colleges aucune function
de Scholarite soit publiquement ou en prive, par eux mesmes ou
par personnes interposees. They are to deliver in writing a
declaration touching the four points made by the king's
advocate. The blow hath much astonished the Society, and
there is much public joy. As the judgment was given on the
solstice day, so I hope it will prove the solstice of their fortune
and credit in the kingdom. . . They have bestirred them-
selves more than ever to find a plaster for this wound, and dare
not out of hope try the means of the nuncio ... to get the
same wrecked by the Council of State . . or to procure them-
selves to be dispensed from subscribing . . . afore they . .
receive the approbation of their General." President Janin's
son has been killed by a ri\al in a love affair with one of Q.
Margaret's women.

3 pp. IV, 163. Endorsed not in Mr. Sawyer's.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611, Dee. 29. Vlushing.-— Yours of 8th (I judge it o.s.)
came on 16th. This people are very ungrateful to H.M. I see
no better inclination of than in their prosecution of that
business. They wrote to beg the king's patience till the
beginning of February, when they hold a National Council.
You see that by the plea of the privileges of their liberty, they
take liberty to abuse a generous king, but they will repent it,
I mean the poor people of these Provinces who are not guilty
of these insolent devices. Their go^'ernors are the authors of
these innovations. My only comfort is that this Province of
Zealand stands fast for the king, and have ordered their
deputies resident at the Hague to protest against those of
Holland. Here is passed two days since a third son of the
duke of Wirtemberg towards England.* He cometh with letters
from the King of Denmark. He passed by us as by Holland
unknown.

2 pp. XXXIX, 31.

♦ The tliird smviving son was Julius Frederick,

208

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 8. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of Dec. 24 with
a Uttle packet from Beaulieu. I wait the return of the messenger
whom I sent on foot from Cleves to de Preaux and you. I hear
from good authority in Germany that the El. of Saxony means
by love or force to have his share, and that his threats may be
followed by acts. We already see preparations hereabouts.
This accounts for the report that he has joined the Ecclesiastical
Electors in support of the election of your archduke to be king
of the Romans to the exclusion of Mathias, who, as the Germans
say, divides the brothers and the empire and makes Germany
Spanish. We daily expect Buwinkhausen who comes to Wesel
in behalf of the Princes of the Union to settle with Winwood
the terms on which your king will join the Union. Thence he
goes to Brussels about Montbeliard. The Commissioners of
your PP. have left Aix. They have practically decamped,
without trumpet but not without threats. Against these the
inhabitants are fortifying themselves by a garrison and by
friends. They have sent to the States and to the Union and
are in good hope.

Langeberg and Svberg have gone to France in behalf of these
PP.

1 p. French, xxvii, 83.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [endorsement], Dec. 31. — Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 318.
\\pp. XL VII, 47.

Summary of Pacification between the Emperor and the
King of Hungary.

1. 16]1 [endorsement\. — Transactiones anno 1608 et
1610 inter Caesarem et Regem Hungariae confectae in omnibus
clausulis et articulis manebunt in suo vigore tam ratione
principalium quam fidejussorum.

2. Miles Passauuiensis opera Caesaris et Regis exauthoura-
bitur et in authores hujus exitiosi consilii in terrorem alioruni
seuere animaduertetur.

3. Si fuerit necessarium tam Caesar quam Rex Hungariae
implorabunt fidejussorum Principum et Electorum auxilia et
assistentiam.

4. Pro assecuratione successionis in Regno Bohemiae Caesar
coronabit et publicabit Regem Hungariae etiam in Regem
Bohemiae eo modo sicut facta est coronatio moderni Regis et
Imperatoris tempore Maximiliani secundi.

5. Supremi officiales consiliarii et praefecti in Bohemia
Silesia et Lusatia similiter consules et senatores in ciuitatibus
regiis praestabunt homagium et jurabunt fidelitatem regi in
casu mortis Imperatoris,

209

6. Circa defectus regiminis instituatur uniuersalis reformatio
per Commissarios Caesaris ct Regis pari numero, qui com-
municato cum Proviincialibus consilio omnia in nieliorem statum
emendabunt.

7. Caesar quoad vixerit in regimine Bohemiac in quo vigore
transactionum foederum non turbabitur.

8. Fiat amnestia omnium quae hactenus unam vel alteram
partem offenderunt, in posterum autem caveatur omnis offensio
et frater fratri omnem syncerum amorem et honorem verbis et
factis fidela pectore exhibeat.

9. Ministri malitiosi a quibus omnc malum hactenus
profectum est utrinqxie dimittantur et adhibeantur pacifici
ct ad conseruandam bonam correspondent iam et mutuum
amorem inter fratres qualificati.

10. Caesar commendabit Regem tanquam fratrem seniorem
coUegio Electorali, hoc erit non modo honorificum Regi ad
conseruationem suae Domus praeminentiae, sed etiam universae
Christianitati salutare, cum e contra diuulsio praesens Regi
ignominiosa futura, et Turcae contra Himgariam, Austriam,
Bohemian!, et Silesiam portas patefacturas sit.

11. Confecto desuper documento in forma amplissima tarn
Caesar quam Rex banc pacificationem juramento corporali
confirmabunt. Rex Hispanarum et omnes Archiduces
ab utraque parte debent requiri ut una cum Electoribus Imperii
banc pacificationem velint manu tenere et fidejussorio nomine
sese obligare.

1| pp. Copy. Misc. Ill, 178.

[James I to the Archduke Albert].

[? 1611]. — Asking him to cause right to be done to Col. Boyd
in his suit with the town of Bruges, which was recommended
to him some time since.

I p. French. Copy. Misc. iii, 118.

[The Archduchess Isabella to James I].

[? 1611]. — Promising special favour to Col. Boyd, because
of his good will to lier ser\ice and his former ser^•ices to the
late duke of Parma, though she has no doubt that justice will
be done to him in respect of money due to him by the estates
of Bruges.

I p. French. Copy. Misc. iii, 119.

Wt. 12X6 Down, in— 14

210

Trumbull's Letter Book contains drafts of his despatches
to the earl of Salisbury, the Lord Treasurer, of the following
dates : Jan. 2, 16, 30 ; Feb. 13, 20, 28 ; March 2, 6, 13, 27 ;
April 10 ; May, 8, 15, 29 ; June 5, 14, 19, 26 ; July 3, 11, 17,
24 ; Aug., 7, 28 ; Sept., 11, 18, 24 ; Oct., 2, 16, 31 ; Nov., 14,
20 ; Dec, 5, 19. The despatches themselves are in State Papers
Flanders, Vol. x, which, however, only lias the last sheet of the
despatch of 14 June.

Misc. 31, 32, 35, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 70, 81, 82, 85, 86,
87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103,
104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110.

211

1612.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Jan. 11. Cologne. — The Palatine of Newburg after a
half-hour's audience of the Emperor, obtained no definite
resolution, and left Prague on Dec. 26th for Berlin to meet the
Elector of Brandenbourg. Anspach at the emperor's request
has returned to Prague. The Emperor can get no rest by night
or day. He speaks of leaving Bohemia for Innspruck as more
healthy. An attempt has been made against the Duke of
Venice. The Jesuits hope his successor will bring them back.
Your story of the Abbe de Bois is strange. The poor man must
be very simple to believe the Jesuits, who would deceive God
if they could. The Paris Parlement is said to have forbidden
their having schools. I am a Thomas. There is much talk
of the Saxon schemes. The Jesuits have lately received from
England a book by Casaubon, dedicated to Pere Frontoni.*
They are sharpening their knives to avenge it, si non caste, saltern
cauie et false. Here is a little book de primatu Regis Angliae
lately printed at Mayence.
pp. French, viii, 59.

Samuel Calvert to William Trumbull.

1611-2, Jan. 1 [endorsement]. New Year's Day. London. —
Has forborn to write })ecause of his great business. Has cir-
cimistances to relate but will lea^'c them to the next opportunity.

1 p. XIV, 39.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 2. Paris. — I have yours of Dec. 20. Herewith is
a copy of the arrest against the Jesuits. f They have preached
here against its injustice, Pere Gontier saying that they had
been used as Christ had been by the Jews. There has been a
quarrel between d'Espernon's son, de la Valette, and Monsr.
de St. Luc about their governments, Brouage being the latter's,
and Xaintonge the duke's. The gardes of the body were sent
for, and the great gates of the Louvre kept shut, but that broil

* Is. Casaubon ad Frnnlonom Ducaeus Epistola. Published in 1611.

t Arret of the Parlement de Paris of 22 Dec. 1611 requiring the Jesuits to conform
to tlie doctrine of the Sorlionnc and forbidding tliem to teadi in the city. Bazin ;
His(. de France sotis Louis XIII. Vol. i, pp. 97-S,

212

is over. That between Soissons and the Chancellor continues,
and causes apprehension because of the presence of so manj^
great men, whereof the last is Desdiguieres who brought back
the duchess of Sully and the Marquis o( Rosny, her husband's
son. That fear lias been the occasion of a strict searching of
all the houses in the town. Villeroy has been very sick. The
two princesses of Conde returned on Saturday and the prince
made a great feast for them, inviting Soissons. Here are
Ambrs. from the Count Palatine and the D. of Saxe. On
Sunday last Cottington passed tliis way for Madrid with letters
for Sir J. Digby : he is t<j reside at Seville as consul for the
merchants,
li pp. V, 1.

Hermes Muet to William Trumbull.

1C12, Jan. 3. I wrote to you recently on the affairs of my
cousin Samuel Malapert, and he writes herewith. It is urgent
as the depositary of the ])ailliage of Haynum will not wait
any longer.

^ p. French. Misc. iii, Ofi.

Monsieur de Bure to William Trumbull.

[1612], Jan. 13. Cleve. — The Prince Possessors have yester-
day printed an order to be circulated among all the provinces,
expressing thanks for what the king of Poland has done for the
elector of Brandenburg with respect to the duchy of Prussia.
Affairs at Aix are unchanged pending the negociations of our
ambassadors in France and elsewhere. The Em])cror will agree
to the treaty made between the factions. Vou need not send the
two crowns, Ijut deliver tlicm to Scipio Thevcnart, my host.

1 2^- French. Seed. Misc. iii, 71.

John Dickexsox to William Trumbull.

166[-12], Jan. 4, o.s. Dusseldorp. — (iriffin Markham's prince
left Prague many days since, I suppose tlic day after he wrote
to you. Audience was obtained, and good words bvit no effects.
He is now in Prussia and will labour in \ain, unless he and
Brandenburg find means to give the Saxon that contentment.
I caiuiot beheve he will give car to a second treaty, ha\ ing in
his liand so maiiifold ad\antage (especially the emperor's
confirmation) .... Vou know what good or harm his voice
may do at the next Electoral assembly, and who would be glad
to make use thereof.

I have letters from the Marquis Ernest and the Palatine's
substitute with your Archduke's answer to their letter desiring
a suspension of the Emperor's mandate against the Bourgeoisie
of Aquisgrane. which is nothing so kind as they expected.
They propose to send to England about that business, but
somewhat shall be said about the Sa.xon, as shall be also bv

213

the Ambrs. in France, and is said already- in Holland. Tliey
ask mc to prepare the way by my pen. Onr friend Mr. II.
[? Hotmail] who, while he had hope of good success, desired
France to have the whole stroke, would now fain see the other
friends of these princes drawn in, it being always miderstood
that, if the issue be prosperous, France will carry off the honour ;
if there be disgrace, the rest may bear more than their share
thereof. If the Union had done what easily they migiit at
Rotenburg, France need not liave meddled, or any foreign friends
been troubled. I saw yoia- late letter wlierein you mar\el
that nothing hath been written into England about that business.
ThcA' here answer, and I presume at Cleve they do the like,
that the Council of State had entreated me to assist personally
and to give notice in our State of the importance of that cause
which I ha\e sincerely done : the other I durst not d(j witiiout
special order, about wliich I wrote at tlieir entreaty, but received
none. Nor do I marvel at it, for the chief ground that the
French entered into the cause was that England might not
conciu" with them. Nor would the States show themselves
opeidy in the matter of Aquisgranc, though deeply concerned
therein. The oath which the P^lector of Brandenburg took at
his in\"estiture at Warsaw is such as the meanest \assal makes
to his lord.

[Postscript holograph.^ — Our Palatine at his audience held
the emp''- a whole hour with his harangue. This prolixity made
men wonder, but the emperor's patience nuich more, whose ears
do altogether affect brevity. It is said lie promised a speedy
decision about the administration. But he doth not religiously
observe his promises, and if he perform this, it will not be to the
adxantage of the House of Neuburg ; the rather in that he
hath offered tlie investitiu'e to tlic yoimg elector. This argues
a manifest inclining of the emperor to the adverse party.

3 pp. XXII, 22.

MONSIEUII DE LA VoYE to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Jan. 14. lAixembourg. — Last Thursday the gentleman
left this town who married the lady said to have some claim to
the crown of England and who was caught when trying to escape,
and brought back to London. The gentleman was accom-
panied l)y two other young gentlemen and by a third, aged
about 40, who serves as interpreter and guide. He is a very
stout and solemn person, with a fair beard, his doublet of gre}'
English fustian with a plain silver hem. They all called them-
selves merchants trading by sea and land ; but having heard
speak of them and of their flight last sunmier I had my suspicions
that it was they. Although I had never seen them before I
could easily judge from their physiognomy and their way of
doing things that they were other than they said. For news
of them you should apply where the posts of Luxembourg
arrive and ask where four men with a servant who arrived last

214

Saturday have gone to lodge. You can then do as you think
fit. This is all I have to tell and I may say that it has not
helped the despatch of my affairs. I start back for Brussels
on Tuesday and go on to Cleves.

PS. — Note that they are all EngHsh. The husband of the
lady in London is about 28, with a black beard, a very fair
skin and of quite medium height.

I p. French. Misc. iii, 73.

J[ohn] Sanford to William Trumbull.

1611[-2], Jan. 5, o.s. Madrid. — Since your last by the
ordinary I have yours long since mentioned by Mr. Barefoot,
now arrived with Sir Robert Chamberlain, but Barefoot is
laid up with kibe-heels, perhaps from going barefoot. He
heard at Paris that Beaulieu was again on the point of going
from my lord and that he was gone to St. Lis to ad\'ise with
his friends there. I am sorry my Ld. should be deprived of
you both and left to be served with those that are neither
languaged nor seasoned nor " styled " to his business. It is
said that the marriage of this Infanta with the French king was
here published 7 days since. The matter now sur le bureau is
this king's match with Lady Elizabeth of England, having been
before in deliberation about the daughter of Savoy, or the
second daughter of the House of Gratz, sister to his former
wife.* The Arragonese have been earnest to draw the king
into those parts, but he had put them off under pretence of
goiiag to Portugal. Men think he will deceive both.

Mr. Wake's debt is all one with Cawley's debt and the librangas
running in a third name, there can l)e no second course taken
to exempt it from the grand suit with whicli it is entangled ;
which is now driving to a fair issue. This is what my L.
meaneth to do that seeing by his means the business goctli
forward vent en poupe, he will on the receipt of the first moneys
assume into his hands a " ratable " person for Mr. Wake accord-
ing as his libranQus (which my L. wants to see) shall bear date,
and so successively in the rest, for ready payment or other
assignation, rebus extantibus, no ay Lugar. Had my L. at his
first coming been made acquainted with it, he would have given
Wake better contentment, but having shown himself in the
Grand-Cawley, who comes upon them with a mass of money
like the great toll of Gravelin of which I was wont to hear you
talk, he cannot now subdivide Mr. Wake's from it and you
must persuade Wake to persevere in a hope of a good issue,
but uiJess Sir John expedite this business, it is thought by those
who know the Court of Spain that it will never be effected.
liCt Wake advise whether he Avill, upon these hopes, be content
to put his libran9as in my Lord's hands. I liave enquired for
your book, but Hesrey[?], a Dutchman cannot procure it, for

* Maria Cliristiern;i, daugliter if the Archduke Charles nl' Styria.

215

it is not known by the name you send. We expect every day
Cottington's return to be consul of Seville. This will be on my
lord's proposal to establish consuls in the ports, made to the
Council at home.
If pp. XXXVI, 41.

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1012, Jan. 15. Dusseldorp. — Since Dickenson writes to you
and I have no secrets from him, this is merely to thank you for
yours of the 3rd and for the advices which I have passed on.
The right minded of these Provinces are always in alarm about
the designs of the elector of Saxony and his over close intelli-
gence with your Princes and the ecclesiastical electors as well
as ov^er the strong cabal made for your archduke which is to
render Germany Spanish and with these pretty reciprocal
marriages to let the monarchy drop to the king of Spain. I
beg you to let me know what the chancellor of the elector of
Cologne* lias negotiated over there and what you learn from
France touching the affair of Aix. I hope M. Langueburg will
be there this week.

\In English] : Our ambassador yonder doth conceal me many
things and I cannot tell how to trust in many others. I take
him to be too partial for the Jesuits.

I p. French, xxvii, 84.

John Frederick, Duke of Wurtemburg, to William

Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 18. Lewenberg. — Is informed that the king has
been pleased to charge him to assist in the amicable settlement
of the differences between the Archdukes and himself witli
respect to the county of Montbeliard, first suggested by the
king and queen regent of France by their ambassador, and if
their arrangement does not succeed, contrary to expectation,
that Trumbull may join with the French ambassador, and with
those of the electors, princes and United States, the duke's
allies, to arrange a compromise, agreeable to both parties. Is
sending Daniel Buwinckhausen, councillor of state ; Jean
Christoffe Zenger, doctor in law and chancellor of Montbeliard ;
Antoine Benson, co-go\ernor of Besan9on, and, the bearer of
these present, with full powers and instructions, not only to
represent the justice of the duke's cause, but also, if the other
ambassadors advise it, to make some concession for the sake
of peace, that is not too prejudicial or of great consequence to
posterity, rather than allow the treaty to be broken, so that
the intervention of the powers assisting the duke may not be
vain. To this end he has charged his said deputies to pay

* Monsr. de Wachtendonc, clianeellor of Liege ; sent to treat about the extir-
pation of Protestantism at Aix la Chapelle. TrumliuU to Salisbury, 9 .Tan, 1611 o,s.
S.F. Flanders, Vol. x, fol, le.Sd.

21(5

attention to Trumbull's good counsel, comnuinicatiug in con-
fidence the duke's intentions and the state of the affair, to enable
him the better to judge of it and when it will be necessary to
interpose with the other ambassadors, so that the duke may not
be importuned or reduced to yield to conditions too disadvan-
tageous. Asks for Trumbull's assistance in this just cause
and to help the deputies with his wise counsel and giA'ing the
same credit to what they tell him on the duke's behalf as if it
came from the duke himself.
2 pp. French. Misc. iii, 75.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Jan. 18. Cologne. — I have yours of 7tli. . . Kuick-
hoven and Secretary Munster's brother \\&\e been sent to
France by the Senate of Aix to get cancellation of the articles
of the treaty made by the king's ambassadors. Every effort
is being made for the Protestants at Aix. A dispatch has been
sent to Anspacli who is at Prague and in credit there, praying
him to stop the plans of those of Brabant and the Elector of
Cologne, and to get relief from the Emperor.

The Archduke Maximilian is to visit several Electors and
Brussels, all in favour of king Mathias.

The Archduke Leopold is coming to Amberg to confer with
Anhalt.

Duke Wolf. William has declared at Prague that he will never
ratify the accord of Jutersbock. This annoys the Saxons, who
may send a prince of that House to obtain by consent possession
of Juliers. If the Princes Possedants resist, wc shall liave war
here in the spring.

2 pp. French. Seal, vui, Gl.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611-12, Jan. 9. Paris. — I have yours of Dec. 28. There
are more quarrels, as between d'Andelot and de Ballagny and
between M. d'Aumont and the count of Chastcauroux. . . . The
Parlement is unwilling to authorise any new creations during
the k.'s minority. Monsieur Belli cures has been made Procureur-
general. D'Ancre, pretending that the office was promised
to him for one Dolet, overseer of all his business, hath procured
for the latter to be joined in commission with Janin, Chasteau-
neuf and de Thou for the Finances. De Villeroy is almost
recovered. The Protestant deputies are here and to have
audience of the Q. The Jesuits have sent away aU their scholars
here, but have not yet given up their declaration to the Parle-
ment, expecting some resolution from Rome. The princesses
of Conde speak well of their usage in Holland, but not of their
reception at Brussels. The Archduke's Amb""-, to intimidate the
Protestants at Aix, have exhibited to them letters ivritten by the
Q. to their Altesses whereby {as it is said) she did advise them to

217

take that course -which the emperor did put in their hands for the
execution of the ban against those of that town [underlined in
original]. The Count of Fonteno\' is arri\ed here.

Lad\' Edniondes wishes Mr. Wake to send away the (8 or !)
ells) rest oi' the purple eloth for her bed. And because he let her
know that he could not get any dyed there with as lively a
colour as this which she hath, she saith that though it be a little
browner, she will have it because it may in time discharge itself.
Sir Robert Drury hath been tiiis month with his lady to Amiens
and proposes to staj- there longer.

2 pp. V, 2.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Jan. 9. Whitehall. — Your last brought letters
from Lady Lovel and Monsr. de Plessen. His Lordship's answer
to the latter is under this eo\-er.

I p. Misc. Ill, 69.

John More to William Trumbull.

1011[ 12], Jan. 9. London. — In answer to yoms of Dec.
24', I send j'ou a form of the Pri\}^ Seal whereon there is hope to
borrow 150,000/.

The Sa\oy Amb'- departed last week with his civil answer
that his Ma*^'- will take time to think on his disposing of the
Lady Eliz., as his only daughter on whom there is possibility
this Crown may light. We interpret this as a handsome denial.

The princes of the Blood are offended with the Chancellor
Sillery for contri\ing a match for the French king without
their consent.

Sanford writes from Spain that the Savoy Amb^* there,
ordinary and extraordinary, are confined to the liernardins for
stoutly saying their lord had power and wit enough to marry
his daughter to the U. de Nemours without the approbation of
any other prince. The D. of Savoy sent the King and Prince
■4 horses furnished and to the Q. a gaUey and certain crystal
glasses, some amber cups, and one of an emerald, which the King
will acknowledge soon. The Amb"^ hath a present of 3,000 oz.
of gilt plate — 500 oz. more than he had before, all included in
13 fair pieces, and the Secretary had a chain of 100/. . .

1 send you the liquidation of our accounts.

2 pp. XXXII, 19.

An Account from Aug. 1610 to Jan. 1611.

The lirst money I received in the Exchequer was /. *. d.

4 Aug. 1610 for 3 months' entertainment ... 92

The second for Oct., Nov. Dee. 16 Nov. 1610 ... 92

Item for Jan., Feb., March ... ... ... 90

Item for April. May, June 1611 ... ... 91

Lastly received in Dec. for July, Aug., Sept. 1611 92

218

Item received about the end of July 1611

for your fee for 3 quarters ... ... 27/. Is. Qd.

ffor subsidy
VVliereof pd. < poundage

[fee

Last received 27 Sept. for two quarters

due at our Lady Day
Whereof paid for fees

Total

Disbursed.

To Mr. Monger, 31 July 1610

To him 28 Aug.

To him 22 Nov.

To him 8 Feb.

To him 20 March

To him 5 June 1611

To Mr. Bartaul 6 June

For Mr. Goad 6 June

To vour man, 25 June

To Mr. Monger, 18 Aug. 1611

To Mr. Balam, 20 Nov.

To Mr. George Chamberlin, 11 Dec. 1611
To Exchequer fees for 5 orders

Received ... -198/. 2s.

Disbursed ... 489/. 8s.

Due to you this 9 Jan. ICll 8 11

XXXII, 20.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611-2, Jan. 9. Vlushing. — On Tuesday last I received
yours by your man whom witliin 3 or !■ hours I shipped with
your wild boar pies for England. Accept as from yoiu" loving
friend that little Lenten provision that I now send by Mr.
Wake, being a firkin of white herring and one of green codfish
and a couple of Holland cheeses.

{Postscript^ — Even now I hear from Middleburg that Mon-
sieur Durnefeld, our great " divell " is dead of an apoplexy.
Our King hath a\'owed the protest made by his Ainbdr. against
the States about Vorstius, but by the mediation of the Lord
Treasurer is contented to expect what they will do in their next
General Assembly.

1 p. xxxix, 9.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.
1611[12], Jan. 10 o.s. Venice. [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 321.]
3 pp. XV, 4.

02/. 8y

. Of/.

00/. 13*

. 6f/.

00/. 12.y

. Of/.

23 14

18/. 5.y

. Of/.

00/. 17.!.-

. Of/.

17 8

...

498/. 2s. Of/.

/. s.

d.

60

30

90

30

60

70

11

4

2

23 14

20

80

08 14

219

John Bhowklow to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 10. Antwerp. — Request to buy for him two
" cokerkins " * of the best fabric, with cases, for gentlewoman,
witliout locks.

1 p. XI, 124.

Sir Raphe Winwood to the Same.

1611[-12], Jan. 11. The Hague.— [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 323.]

2 pp. XLVii, 22.

Thomas Newporte to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 11. Antwerp. — Sends a letter Ixom London for
deliver}\ The sender wrote that Mr. Salter's father was
" attendant aljout our prince." The addressee is not at Ant-
werp. From Constantinople I learn that the peace or truce
has been made between the Grand Seigneur and the Persians
and that the Turk's army of 130,000 returns to Constantinople.

I p. Misc. Ill, 70.

News Letter.

[1612], Jan. 11. Vienna. — Yesterday the mother of Matthias'
queen left here. Matthias has sent to her and her gentlemen
presents worth more than 4,000 fl. German.

Jan. 16. Prague. — The Duke of Brunswick, the Marquis of
Anspach, the Prince of Anhalt and other Bohemian gentlemen
are making great efforts to run with the sledge, the one which
brought M. de Weerwitz, colonel of Bohemia and in which the
wife of the Landgrave of Leiegtenberghe fell on the highway.
Yesterday tlie postmaster of Saxony arrived and rejiorted tliat
the nuptials had been celebrated at Dresden. He also brouglit
to the duke of Brunswick the fraternal confederation of the new
Elector of Saxony, which the duke wore on his neck. Last
night seven persons were found killed in tlie street.

Jan. 21. Prague. — The Roman Emperor died yesterday
Friday at 7 in the morning, having confessed tlie previous night
and received the communion in the morning. The end was
unexpected and few were present and the Imperial Princes at
Prague not informed of his illness. The death was kept secret
till 10 o'clock. The Duke of Brunswick was much annoyed at
not being told sooner. He immediately sent word to King
Matthias. Tlie body was embalmed in the presence of Bruns-
wick, Anspach and Anhalt. The heart and intestines were
sound, but the legs discoloured. The doctors and barbers had
not understood the disease. He was aware of his condition.
All the rooms were sealed by Brunswick. Butily (sic), the
valet de chambre, has been arrested and 3 or 4 others ; also
a baptised Jew named Hibach.

* Uiniiiiutive nl' cciikci'. (1) ii iiuiver. (ir (i) gaitor. Neic limj. Diet. Oxford.
Sub voce cocker.

220

The Elector of Saxouy came to meet the Archduke Maximilian
and took him to Dresden in state. He only stayed 2 days.

Tiie Count de Fiirstenberg returned here 2 days ago from the
wedding at Dresden, where he had represented the Emperor.

li pp. copy. French. Misc. iv, 7.

Don Dionisio McCarty to Willia.m Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 24. Damme. — Request to send him a passport
by the bearer, according to the decree of his Alteza, so that he
may be able to set out for England.

i p. Spanish. Misc. iii, 72.

Isaac Allen to Williaii Trumisull.

[1612], Jan. 25 s.n. Sedan. — Requests that an enclosure
may be delivered to his cousin Anthony Wither.
i p. Misc. Ill, 78.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

|1611]-12., Jan. 16. Paris. — I have yours of tlie 3rd with
copy of the Marquis of Brandenberg's in\"estiture to the duke-
dom of Prussia. Soissons and the chancellor are not yet
reconciled. The former has told the Q. that the princes of
the Blood must share with her in the government, as being
bound to give tlic k. an account of any misdemeanours during
his minority. She replied that she was answerable to the k.
only. These occurrences make us watchful upon the least
accidents as appeared lately in a quarrel between Colonel
d'Ornano and the Baron of St. Andre, a dependant of Guise's, who
fought in the street and caused such an uproar that all the town
gates were closed, and the burghers warned to ha\e their arms
ready. The old grudge between Soissons and d'Espernon was
renewed. Our three Superintendents of Finances object to
recei\e Dole as a colleague, and he only ranks as an Intendant.
Tlie Protestant deputies liave had their public audience. The
chancellor answered them roughly. Now they are labouring
with the Ministers of the state for satisfaction, and the present
grudges between the great ones may favour them. The citadel
of Bourg is almost razed. The work is costing 20,000 crowns,
but 50,000 will not rebuild it. A Savo)- Ambr.* would know
the queen's answer about matters treated in the late conference
with Desdiguieres, and one from Saxe came for a reeoneihation
and a payment of a debt. We wonder about the Archduke
Maximilian's journey towards our princes. De Mtry's body was
met by a troop of gentlemen. Herewith a piece of gold from
my Valentine for the buying of some " knocks " for Lady
Edmondes. The E. of Dorset from Blois and Mr. Seymoiu" from
Calais are here. The latter is allowed by the king to stay in
these parts, iiis friends sending him money etc.

2 1 pp. V, 3.

* Culunel Giovanni Alardo. See i'eneliun Culetidur, \'ul. xii, page 27.'i.

221

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trujibull.

1611-2, Jan. 17. Vlushing.— Yours of Jan. 13 I had on 16th.
From England T hear that H.M. means to liavc that damnable
heretic Vorstius sent out of I.eyden, and tlien to attend the end
of their Asseml)ly promised for this next month, or otherwise
H.M. Avill take his own eourse.

Our merchants' complaints have prevailed with H.M. that
he hath roundly told the Sp. ambr. that if his subjects have
not present justice in Spain, lie will licence them to right them-
selves.

As for the marriage of oiu' priiicess to the king of Spain, it
might bear some hkclihood in respect of her fitness to be wife
to any king in the world, but more than that let not this matter
be doubted, for that marriage will never be, nor with any
CathoHc Roman prince, I l>ehevc and so yon may boldly assure
any you shall speak withal. I ^\Tite you in these lines the very
words of my Lord Lisle his letter, sent unto me this last week
on this subject, for I was somewhat troubled myself with such
discourses.

The French ambr. de Refuge hath lain sick at Rotterdam
ever since his arrival 4 or 5 days since only. He is gone to the
Hague. Notwithstanding his stay by the way, he hath not
been idle to do some part of his errand, for into the minds of
these giddy-headed people of Holland he hath infused so strongly
the s[c]ent of a general peace, only with this proviso (and bj'
which he hath the more forcibly poisoned them) that they will
admit the free use of the Romish Religion ; so shall they retain
an assiento and an authcntical approbation and confirmation
of their sovereignty from the k. of Sp. and in case they will
accept of the peace at this present and on these terms against
all the world, and protection of their go\ernment from the
crown of France. This only overture or what it hath been,
or how used by him, to be brought unto the knowledge of the
people, I know not, but sure I am, it hath been and is of so great
power as those new fangled and irreligious Hollanders (as I say)
cry out with open mouths that at the least they will freely use
it in their houses. Thus you sec we begin l)ut now to feel the
eil'ects of this paltry treve.

Of your advertisement touching the Welshman* be assured I
will not fail to be very sensible. I cannot hear that any such
have passed this way.

The King is gone to his sports at Roiston, the Queen and Prince
to Greenwich, where he will practise at the tilt, meaning at this
next Coronation Day to be a filter himself.

2 pp. XXXIX, 10.

* Tliomas Lewis alias Ap Granowe. to whom the refugee Hugh Owen liad sent
certain " mystical commendations " from Kome, with which, it was alleged, he
intended to go to England " not without rovcit knavery.' S. P. Flanders, Vol. X,
fol. 109,

222

G[eorge] Holker to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 17. Tilmont. — Understands by Mr. Green's letter
that Trumbull is pleased to " tender my prostscript exile " with
favourable words to his highness, and hopes for pardon, or
protection, for j^ears, " whereby I may prevent a doleful
separation between me and my menage." My enemies have
maliciously hindered my business in Court and postponed all
my expectations, to advance the suit of their darling, the lewd
fellow Lewis. . . . True it is that I was very familiar with
one of Sir William's captains called Willis who led me into that
fatal alteration of Ziehen anno 1594.*

Dated at Tilmont, quamvis in abscondito.

1| pp. Misc. Ill, 74.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Jan. 18. st. Ang. Dusseldorp. — Six days since I
received a letter from the prince Wolfgang William, from
Prague, signifying his journey to the Elector of Brandenburg
and the cause . . . by his former courses you know his humour.
The Protestants of Aquisgrane are advertised of preparations
in your quarters to surprise them. I presume those apprests
are conditional on France being wrought by the archduke to
his will. However such order will be taken that your gallants,
if they come, shall return with cool stomachs. Touching the
Saxon, we like not to hear of a third possessor . . . but it is
not a time to combat prosperously with words. Dr. Pits doth
retain his canonry here, but can receive no profit of it imless
he will reside.

1 p. xxii, 23.

.J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 19. Paris. — I have yours of the 10th. Two days
since the Q. announced to aU the princes and chief officers, as
a thing fully concluded, the marriages with Spain. The Count
of Cartignano, from your parts, is departing for his country.
His visage in England was as honourable as could be consistent
with a refusal of his proposal, though this is not final, but you
may be assured the decision is for the Prince Palatine.

1 p. v, 4.

Owen McSwinney to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 19. Dam. — The bearer Niell McSwynny, a gent of
great quality in his country who by command of the Lord
Deputy of Ireland went to serve in " Sueland " desires to return
to his inheritance in Tirconnell, as the L. Deputy and Council
appointed for him in his absence, when his predecessors' lands
were divided between his cousins of whom the said Niell is

* The mutiny of the Italian regiments in Spanish service quartered at Siehem.
Some 20(1 Irish of Sir William Stanley's re(finient were involved in this. Metereii ;
ffist. des Pays Bus, fol. 307,

223

chicfest. He comes hither from Brussels only to confer with
me and is yet ready to depart. A letter from him to the governor
of Flushing is requested. He lias no pass from His Altesse.
J p. Misc. Ill, 80.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Jan. 29. Cologne.— I have yours of the 14th. The
Emperor is very ill. King Mathias is expected at Prague after
the Queen's coronation at Presburg on the 20th. The Bishop
of Cologne is ill. Those at Aix have been warned that some
of the garrisons of Burgundy are marching towards the Neiiss,
and haxe appealed to the Princes Possedants, who for 14 days
have had ambassadors at the Hague to secure help for Aix on
a letter written by your Archduke indicating an intention to
execute the Imperial Mandate. I do not think they will get
much from the States who will not embrace their quarrel un-
supported. I now learn that the Emperor died on the 20th.

2 pp. French, viii, 62.

1612, Jan. 30. Prague. — Answer of the Duke of Brunswick
to the ambassadors of the Duke of Neuburg about the adminis-
tration of the Palatinate.

I p. German. Copy. Misc. iv, 19.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Jan. 21. o.s. Hague. — We hear from you of tlie
preparations for the entertainment of Maximilian, and of the
renforcing of your troops, at which we begin to take alarm,
especially in our frontier towns, where we do double duty.
We propose to renforce every company of 70 or 80 men to 100,
and to send horse and foot to " Aken " to secure the place
against surprise, and to have an eye to Juliers, for our discourse
is that the Archduke, under colour of assisting Saxe (in recom-
pense of his voice to the king of the Romans and settling him
in real possession of those countries (which he saith he may
lawfully do, as Engl, and these countries aided Brand, and Xub.)
will possess himself of them and keep them, which would be
the ruin of these countries, and therefore it behoveth the States
to look about them and use means to prevent such an eminent
danger.

Our French Ambr. who hath been so long sick at Rotterdam
will be here soon, but they say he is so weak that he will hardly
be able to treat.

I recommend the bearer, honest Joseph Skelton, a merchant
of Rotterdam, an old acquaintance of Mr. Dicivcnson and myself.
He hath lately obtained an octroy from the States for the free
making and selling of certain new in^'entions, pipes and gutters
made of clay burnt hard like bricks. He wants to sue for the
like privilege from the Archdukes. Pray assist him.

P.S. — This day the French Ambassr. arrived.

2| pp. XLVi, 25,

224

John Browxlowe to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 21. Antwerp. — Since Kendricke's departure I
haA'e tried to procure the money from Vinckles, but can get
notliing. I pray you speak to him and come to some agreement,
following Kendricke's order. If you cannot, stay his letters,
and exhibit a request to the " Rate " of Brabant that the 7,000
gilders specified in the inventory of his debts owing by the
burghers and such like, may be particularised, and that he be
enjoined as he monthly receives money mentioned in the in-
Acntory, to give them presently over to a committee appointed
by the general creditors, to distribute to every one his due part ;
and T will press his son here for the 200/. promised as upon
Monday next. I wrote ten days ago for two " cokerkins "
for gentlewoman ; I fear the letter is miscarried.

[Postscript]. — His letters I wish stayed till he gi\e some con-
tentment, which if you cannot get, I wish the request above
specified exhibited as before.

1 p. XI, 126.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1012, Jan. 23. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 325.1
4 pp. V, 5.

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.

1 611fl2], Jan. 23. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 328.]
3 pp. XV, 5.

Samuel Malapert to William Trumbull.

1611-2, Jan. 24 o.s. London. — This will serve as a reply
to what you wrote to my father in law about my affairs and to
acknowledge receipt of the copy of your request to his Highness
on my behalf. My cousin Hermes Muet was \'er%' sorry to
hear of the favour sliown to Hans Vermeulen but now the
matter is in the hands of the Council at Brussels no doubt all
will be settled quickly with your assistance. Some courtesy
might ])e rendered to Vermeulen. I am directing Muet to give
you charge of all the papers he has in hand, for safety's sake,
and to confer with you about what passed at Mons. I have
written to Ghent for the evidence that my parents were married
there. There is an attestation at Mons, made at Middelburgh,
that I am a nati\'c of Antwerp and of my parentage, but I am
writing to Middleburg for a more ample form to be sent to you.
Pray excuse me for all the trouble I am giving.

I p. French. Seal. Misc. iii, 77.

225

J[ohn] S[anfoed] to William Trumbull.

1611[-2], Feb. 3, n.s. Madrid. — I send you my last ordinary
a rude ' plackett ' of letters, which I so call because it was
made up M'ithout truss or tie, like Maritornes' apron, by reason
of some tokens tliat Sir Robert Cliamberlain (who arrived here
with Mr. Barefoot upon our Christmas eve) sent to Mrs. Digby
which may not arrive because of the price of the freight. The
old duke of Feria died here on Jan. 13, o.s. Mr. Cottington
arrived next morning, going as consul to SeviUe. He lieth and
eatcth in my Lord's house. The Savoy ambrs. are both gone
^^•itllout taking leave, on Jan. 13. The king liatli given my
1. i\mbr. 24 of our English sla^'es out of his galleys for Aguinaldo
[a new year's gift].

My I>. is distasted with Mr. Cawley's suit, that having 1>rought
the matter to ripeness, he findeth they camiot agree among
themselves. On Monday he went with the president of the
Hazienda to know what satisfaction to expect from him of
those orders that he had sent to him signed from the king, who
liaving made some difficulty to be spoken withal, my L. told
one of his gentlemen that it was not for an ambr. of the king of
England to wait upon any of the k. of Spain's vassals ; leaving
word that, seeing he could not speak with the president, he
would go to tlie king ; and so taking his coach, the President
came down in all haste to entreat him to go up with him ; which
my L. refused to do, saying he would have no more to do with
liim, whereupon the president came up into my Lord's coacli,
desiring to come home \vith him. My L. pretending other ^'isits,
the ])resident drew the curtains of the coach, desiring to debate
matters upon the place. My L. refused to treat with him ; yet
seeing him do penance for his fatilt, was loth to heap disgrace
on him, l)ut went \\\> with him. The result of their conference
was that he would have 8 days' patience with him to know what
he would do to give satisfaction to the bills signed over to him
from the king. Next Monday is the last of the 8, when my
L. will repair to him again.

Mr. Wake is too entangled with Mr. Cawley's to be exempted.
My L. will (could he but have his librangas to see their date)
take up pro rata portione as shall be proportionable to his
sums, together mth interest and exchange, and whatever
emoluments may accrue to him. So after an entire present
payment or other assignation, then what shall be given out for
upon the whole, there may be no means for it. My L. liath
hitherto carried the business and presented it here to the
State in lioth his hands, as intending the good advancement
of the common cause without reflecting his eye upon any par-
ticular. He distastes this new devise of the Decret, fearing
lest this disjointing of the suit into parcels may wrong the whole
and mar that which is already made. They are wise enough
to order their own business. But let them consider that they
deal here with a State, needy of money, and such as would

Wt. 1216 Diwra. 111—15

226

gladly have any occasion or pretence to shift off a sum that
brings such a pressure upon them. And if they could but
perceive tliat my L. grew cold in it, they would be ready enough
to make him a large merced otherwise, and by some other ways
and by delay deflect the whole cause.

As for that which the gentleman that you wrote of mentioneth,
I can conceive no other ground than that it is de su cosecha
[his own indention]. My L. is free from stipulation with any
party. If you consider the proceedings of his predecessor, this
matter could not have passed po7' bianco. The Court here
think that his suit will redound to my Lord's advantage, and
are the more willing to do him a merced herein ; (being a matter
not directly incident to his charge, being a matter of voluntary
contract which they might have foreborne if they would, but
having entered into it, they are now liable to caveat emptor,
caveat actor), and they thinJc that he would never have put this
business in the forefront of all his memorials before the businesses
of Sicily and Cerdenna, weighty causes, had it not been for his
own interest. My I>. is a man very reasonable in disposition,
gracious, (by reason of the account they make of the amity of
England) powerful here, and the one most likely to do good
in this business.

The marriage between the French king and this Infanta was
yesterday (Candlemas Day) published, and the K. hath given
her the title of Majesty. The Court have put off tlieir mourning
for the Queen. The further celebration of the pubUcation is to
he on our Lady Day, when the D. of Maine will arri\e. There
is a report that the E. Indies merchant ship, the Trades Increase,
has taken one of the Portugal great carricks. Mr. Derrick
writes that your successor is to be eitlier Sir Dudley Digges or
Sir Edwin Sandes.

3 jjp. xxxvi, 42.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [-2], Jan. 25, o.s. The Hague. — Printed in VVinwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 330.]
3 pp. XL VII, 23.

Dk Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1G12, Feb. 5. Dusseldorp. — Thanks for yours of the 21st
ult. I thiink we shall now have to change our tune as the
aspect of affairs in Germany will be changed by this death*
and by the new cabal about the king of the Romans. Until
that is settled you know that tlic vicarship of the empire for
the greater part of (iermany, is fallen into the hands of the
Elector Palatine or his administrator, doubtless to the chagrin
of the Palatines of Neubourg. This includes ours, who is
still in Prussia endeavouring, by some good marriage, to settle

* Ul' tlie Kiiipeiur Itudulpli on iO Jaiiutiry, u.s.

227

his difference with the House of Brandenburg. If he had
worked for this eai-her he would not have given the House of
Saxony such a hold or let so much evil intelligence take hold
l)etwecn the elector of Saxony and the Spaniard, to the {prejudice
of the common weal. However I judge that this death will
tone things down somewhat and tliat his threats will not take
full effect, any more than the imperial ban against the good
folk of Aix, since the commission for it has expired and they
will have to go and dig elsewhere. I also think that they will
not need the six companies offered them by the States or the
help promised by the Union, still less any decision taken in
P'rance for their affairs. M. de Plessen assures me that the
journey of the Archduke Maximilian is only to favour the
cabal of King Mathias. But you have told me nothing of the
negotiation of the chancellor of Liege* at Brussels.

P.S. Asks him to get Beaulieu to recommend the enclosed
to M. Justel. Thanks him for the copy of the generous arret
of the Parlementf ; asks him to send the sequel, as friends in
France have become idle.

1 p. French, xxvii, 86.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Feb. 6. Cologne. — Your last was of Jan. 28. By the
emperor's death the commission of those of Brabant and
Cologne expires, and some relief for tliose of Aix is j>ossible,
wlio have been alarmed by the demonstrations of your Archduke.
Arciiduke Maximilian, if at Dresden when the emperor died,
will certainly visit Mathias at Prague. It is said that he had
apoplexy on receipt of the news. They were at first very
perplexed licre by the emperor's death, and took counsel if they
should continue their actions against the religion. Tliey seem
to ha\ c decided to do so, as there is no sign of any mitigation.

\\ p. French. Unsigned. Seal, viii, 64..

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1611-2, Jan. 28. [endorsement]. — Yours received on
Saturday confirmed the news of the emperor's death and of the
Archduke Maximilian's return to Germany. Your judgment
is right that the Christian Princes have a fair opportunity by
which to assure as well their own estates as also to puU down
that wliore who hath but too long occupied that seat of Babylon
in the midst of her sorceries and to establish the propagation
of the true gospel. By what we may conjecture out of their
carriage in things of far meaner consideration I am much afraid
we shall find them slow and cold. You were the first to give
knowledge of this into England, for on Sunday morning there

• Moiisr. de Waclitendonc.

t Concerning the Jesuits. <SVe note at p. 211 abuve,

228

landed in Vlushing Sir Robert Studder of the King's Privy
Chamber, wlio came from H.M. but on the Friday evening before
and told me there was no other news thereof than that the
emperor lay in great extremity. That gentleman is gone to
the k. of Denmark to persuade him either to a peace with the
young k. of Sweden, or else to make it a brave war, to which
end he is offered, if he cannot compose the differents by the
marriage betwixt the young king and the sister of Denmark,
the widow of the duke of Saxe, such troops from England as
sliall be requisite for a brave war. As I was writing this I
received a letter speaking of the k. of Denmark's death which
is happened by the breaking of a piece of ordnance which himself
gave fire imto, but I will not believe this at the first sound
thereof.

Our French amb'- was to make his proposition on Friday.
Our king is in hand with a book against the opinions of tliis
damnable heretic A'orstius.

A word or two touching that liypocrite monk of the order of
St. Bernard (for so I doubt he will pro\e) that you recommended
to me. Your goodness is too easy of believing this party. I
addressed unto the Ministers of our Churches here who, going
into considtation with him, approved unto me well of tlie
arguments of his conversion. We jointly proceeded to address
him with our se^•eral letters of conmiendations unto our Churches
at London. He had mine of particular address unto the Lord
Governor, the which I did for good cause, and at your request
we furnished liim with about 4'Os. in his purse ; he no sooner
had our disf)atch and this money but instead of going to ship-
Ijoard to go for England, he stepped out of the way. To
Middelburg lie went but further of him we have heard nothing,
so we all judge tliat (7 nous a trompe. Yet how to sliun these
evils when they liappcn I know not.

2 pp. XXXIX, 11.

J. BEAi-iJF.r to William Trumbull.

1612, Jan. 80. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 332.]
2^ pp. V, 6.

John Rrownlowe to William Trumbull.

1G11[-12, endorsement], Jan. 30. Antwerp. — On receipt
of yours of 29th I resolved of an answer which you have here-
with in English, for I could not fully express myself in French.
Let me know the party's answer.

Mr. Skynncr is not interested in the " bayes " [baizes] at
Dunkirk. Ad\'ocate Hertoghe asks you to return the pages
of my compere's process.

i p. XI, 130,

229

The Enclosure :

The conference to be at a place in France convenient
to both parties.

Onlj' servants of approved secrecy to be employed.
The yearly linsiness to be great enongh to maintain such
a servant.

Security to be given in London for the sum which tlie
cloth may import, and for the acceptance thereof at the
appointed place ; and he is to nominate the quantity
he will take yearly.

That a meeting place be appointed, so tliat the quality
of the cloth and the price inay be known.

That a contract be drawn in the presence of some
trusty and secret friends, but not a notary, and a
forfeiture limited for the better performance of the
contract. The parties to be allowed a month, for making
anv alterations in the contract by mutual consent.

i p. XI, 129.

AViLUAM Trumbull to tlic Skchetahy ok Statk.

1611-12, Jan. 30. Brussels.- One of the Archd. servants
gave mc a relation (whereof I send your L. a copy enclosed)
containing the circumstance and manner of the emperor's death
together with some other particularities that have happened
since his departure, which (as it is reported here) is not so much
felt or lamented in Germany as the loss of so great a potentate
seemeth to deserve. These princes, ever since they received
the first news of their brother's death, have kept themselves
retired in their chamber and unseen of all others, saving their
domestic ser\ants and the ministers of their State who have
access to them at their accustomed hours. Nevertheless the ¥r.
Amb''- was admitted upon Tuesday last in the evening to perform
his ceremony of condolence to the Archd. (and as it is thought) to
comfort him with the news of the double alliance made between
France and Spain, and lately published by the regent at Paris.
But the Infanta, excusing herself upon the pretext of some
indisposition refused at that time to give him audience. I have
been told that both these princes are very much afflicted with
this unexpected chance of the emperor's sudden death, which
is said to have interrupted and reversed all their designs among
these AUemains. And now they pretend great sums of money
to be due unto them for the Archduke's patrimony of 45,000
German fl. by the year which they say have been received and
detained from them by the emperor for the space of 20 years or
thereabouts. His treasure, jewels and movables (which consist
principally of paintings, medals, clocks and other curiosities)
are esteemed to be worth 8 or 9 millions of crowns. And
with that sum (as men of good judgment do think) King
Mathias may be able to make himself emperor, notwithstanding
the opposition of the electors, who are now said to be at variance

230

among thcnisch cs for the administration of the empire during
the interregnum, Saxe, Deuxponts and Newbourg contesting
in the Imperial Chamber at Spire, which of them shall have
that preferment. But if the Bohemians have the wisdom and
courage to possess themselves of the riches left l)y the emperor
(as peradventure they will do) upon just })retence both to pay
his debts and conserve that which belongcth to their Crown,
they may deal with King Mathias at their pleasure, and shalce
off the yoke of Austria, which for so many years by sinister
means and contrary to their oaths and the constitution of the
Empire, have so long held the Imperial Crown in their own
family to the prejudice of other princes of Germany. Yesterday
Monsr. Baxen geiitilhoimne de la bouche to the Arclidul<es who
was sent to meet their brother Max"°- and returned hither with
assurance that his journey into these parts was diverted at this
time another way by the cause above mentioned.

When our mereliants were secured by the Archduke's promise
and did expect e\ery hour to liave a placard publislicd by iiini,
for the excluding of interlopers and settling of their Company
at Antwerp, in favour of their commerce and the benefit of that
city, Anselm Prevost, that brouillon, named in my former
letters, stirred up the states of Flanders, Arthois and Haynaut
to contradict the same, and now tiiey are liere and with all
their power labour to have our cloths banislied (especially the
Magistrates of Bruges) which ha\e vaunted that if the Archd.
will not yield thereunto at the least they will necessarily induce
him to ordain that with every English clotli wliich is brought
hither, there shall be sent a certain proportion of wool, hoping
thereby not only to restablish the manufacture of clotliing in
Flanders, but also to debauch oiu' workmen from their country,
and to flock into these parts. The said pro\ost iiatli boasted
in public that he liath procured letters from the king of Spain
to require and enjoin the Archd. that he shall not give any
more passports for English cloth to l)e brought into his
provinces, and obtained a peremptory commandment from the
said king (whicli I cannot believe) to the Audiencer that in case
the Archd. should grant any such passports, he should stop
them in his office, and not suffer them to pass his seals.

Friar Nayen is sent again |to] the house of Nassau with
certain offers of composition for their interest in the f^^alins of
Burgundy in exchange of which parcel (as I am informed) they
have pretended to give them tlie Seignory of Turnhaut,
Herenthals and otlier land hereabouts, and afterwards to come
to a trial with them before the Parlement at Malines for tlie
castle of Belin, but as yet for anything I can learn there is
nothing completed.

Monsr. de Bethune, colonel of one of the Freneli regiments
in Holland, is at the present instant by order from the Arclid.
conveyed prisoner to Paris, for a challenge whieli he hath sent
to a gentleman of Normandy called I.a Haye du Puis. It is

231

feared tlie se\ere laws against duels, his religion and the hatred
borne to his House may put him in danger of his life, if some
other friends do not lend him their assistance and favourable
protection.

H pp. Draft. Min. i, 113.

John Castli; to Mr. Qukster.

1611|-12l, Jan. \e)idorsemc'iit\. — Stayed the longer to deUver
tlie bill with his own liand. His master has attested the draft.
Assurances of regard.

1 p. XVIII, 2.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1011[-12], Feb. 1 o.s. Dusseldorp. — Hotman wrote to you
about the Archduke Maximilian, but if what I since hear from
Heidelberg be true, there is good understanding between your
Archduke and his brethren. Yet it shall be recjuisite to confirm
him therein, and if Maximilian come only to clear that which
concerneth the patrimonial goods, his journey should not be on
an idle groinid. Our Palatine Wolfgang William will hurry
from Prussia on hearing of the emperor's decease, and both he
and his fret more than ever against Deux Ponts who as Adminis-
trator is Vicar of the Empire during the interregnum and when
the electors meet they will contend for a suffrage. The El. of
Brandenl)urg hath written roundly, and with reason, to him
of Saxony, but will proceed to no further heat, knowing it is
no time to be too peremptory. Our king hath exhorted
Wolfgang William and his father to ratify the treaty of
(Tiiterboghs, and France has done the like. Floris vom Reetzlen
li\cth in Juliers. I cannot learn he liatli been here of late.
Markham is not gone to Prussia with his Prince, nor was he
with him at C'ustrin. He may be sick. The emperor hatii
done those of .\quisgrane a singular favour in dying so season-
ably. They have large futin-e hopes and care the less how their
cause endeth in France.

1 p. XXII, 24.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Feb. 2. o.s. Madrid.— I have yours of Dee.
21 s.v. We have taken a sudden resolution for the dispatching
of Spinola, who it is here said is first to go to PVance concerning
the concluding of the matches Ijetween the two kingdoms and
to treat of the conditions. From France lie is to go to Flanders
to reside. His going thither is said to be at the great instance
of the archduke for his return. The businesses of Flanders
have here lately by the Count of Bucquoy, Count Octaviano
Visconti, Spinola and Don Juan de Idiaques been much consulted
on. To which Council Don Roderigo de Calderon hath been
called, or is appointed to go with Spinola to Flandftrs. The
points lately propounded amongst them are :

2.32

First the changing of a truce betwixt them and the States
into a peace, whicli thej' liere pretend to be the chief cause of
Spinola's dispatch. They are confident that the States will
hearken to it. They are opinioned that the States rely not
upon England as in former times, nor that there is between them
the old strict amity.

Secondly they arc considering some new project for the
translating of the Archduke and the Infanta to Hungary with
the in\esture of the crown with condition of removing King
Mathias to the kingdom of the Romans and the administration
of the Empire. And that a j'ounger son of this king should
be sent to be bred up in Flanders under the government of
Spinola. There are speeches here matching a younger son of
Spain with another daughter of France.

Lastly, in case such difficulties occur that they camiot make
a peace to their content, as they conceive they shall, weighing
the help they may now have from the French queen, and the
coldness between England and the States, and being opinioned
that England is not so well able to rcliev e tlicm as before, then
shall Spinola be pro^^ided with men and money to lay hold of
any occasion, and it is tliought that the 4',000 men lately stript
out of Portugal shall go for Flanders, though there goes a
report that these are for \'irginia, others that they shall go to
the Castle of Mina and to the coast of Guinea, in regard of the
Hollanders' preparation for those parts ; but I believe they
are to fill the garrisons in Flanders, yet so many, so secret,
and at times so luiusual have they had their meetings that I
suspect some great business in hand. " If your own observation
out of these circumstances, joined with other interposed
accidents, shall give a greater clearness to these things which
are carried here in clouds and nnist ere long either break out
of themselves, or by a searching eye be discerned, I shall intreat
you ... to use the best means you can to come to the
certainty of their intents, and as things shall come to your
knowledge, so to acquaint me therewith."

It is generally noised here that the sudden dispatch of Spinola
is chiefly to go into England to demand the La. Eliz. for this
king. All the ambassadors here have come, or sent, to me for
the particulars, and seem to take it unkindly that I should
proceed so distrustfully with them as to deny it, which makes
me jealous that this is purposely thrown abroad to delude the
world, that other things may silently go on, while this is in the
mouths of all men.

The Infanta is here styled Queen of France and is so served

Here is an Ambass. Extraordinary arrived from

the duke of Lorraine, but is not yet lodged or provided by the
king. Beside the compliment of condoling, he is said to have
commission to treat of the difference between this king and
the Duke of Savoy, by the direction of the French Queen, in
great instance of the Duke of Nemours.

233

The Marquis dc Cameras and all his household are suddenly
committed to close prison.

As for the Ijusiness of Mr. Calley and Mr. Colford, if the
parties disagree among themselves and will not condescend to
reason, I will withdraw myself from the business. They will
not get so good terms again for 7 years.

^pp. XXII, 108, 109, 110.

H. BiLDERBKCK to WlLLIAM TkUMBULL.

1611[-12], Feb. 13. Cologne. — Those of the rehgion at Aix
are rejoiced to hear from France that tlie accord made by the
Marquis de A'ieuvales has been ratified by the queen, and
that the deputies were on the way liome. It is said that your
Archduke is still collecting forces at various places, mainly
Luxemburg. I cannot think why. At Prague everything
awaits the Imperial Diet. The Administrator of the Palatinate
has taken the title of Vicaire du St. Empire, and sent
Ambassadors to Spires to secure that Chamber.

Archduke Maximilian, on his way from Dresden, jjassed
through Nuremberg and is now at Mergetheim near Frankfort.
The Elector of Brandenboiirg in a letter to the El. of Saxcmy
has rejected the treaty of Jutersbock, as neither Brandenbourg
nor Neuburg nor even the States of these Provinces have ratified
it.

1 1 pp. French. Unsigned, viii, 65.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1G12, Feb. C. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, page 334].
1| jyp. V, 7.

John Dickenson to William Tkuaibull.

1611[-12], Feb. 7. o.s. Dusseldorp. — Reconunending the
bearer.* Yours of Jan. 26 asks whether I hold it likely that
any other family will contest with K. Matthias for the imperial
dignity. There has been bruit of the D. of Bavaria but I see
as yet small appearance. I know no Romanist so much to be
desired by the Protestants as Matthias, nor so fit in regard of
his countries, which are the bulwarks of Christendom. We
hear from Colein that your prince is gone to him at Prague,
but I think it is to Maximilian, who is prisoner with gout.

[Postscript]. — Matthias can ground no hopes on the Saxon
Elector's suffrage.

1 p. XXII, 25.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611fl2], Feb. 7. London. — All the Privy Seal money and
all the incomings of the Exchequer incident to this time of year

* Mons. Wespheniiinck.

231.

do not render it so plentiful as to yield you any part of your
entertainments. Yet I have delivered 30/. to Mr. Monger.

For the project of your Italian note, if the parties devise
work upon drawing anything from the people by accis \sic]
or otherwise, it is not to be received. If it be upon discipline
together with a forcible charge of reiglement of cloths or diet
(though for all the healthy people of this land to fast one meal
every week and give the profit thereof to the king would be
})rejudicial neither to our health nor wealth) that also would
not be accepted. But if he would instruct us how to raise
more profit of our land with no more charge nor pains, or draw
more wealth from the sea in like manner, or to convert our
metals into better alloy, as our silver to gold, or tin to silver,
or our iron to steel, Ininc digniim spectatu arhiiramnr. I will
readily do in the premises what you shall direct, and if any '
of the pieces which you intend to send over chance to be in
Italian, you need not translate them.

While I was in liand to ha\e the C(jpies of my L.
Amlw's proceedings in the cause of Vorstius to be transcribed
for you, I understood of his Ma*^'^ book of all the particularities
thereof, which shortly shall be published, and whereof (if Mr.
Sam. Calvert prevent me not for his cousin Mr. G. Calvert hath
the charge of that work immediate from the king) I will send
you a copy. Meantime the protest here enclosed will gi\e you
some light in this matter. And for the subject of his Ma^y'^
book, you may by provision briefly understand that hereby his
Ma*y- doth publish to the world his fervency in God's cause
and his coldness in apprehending any politic occasion to increase
his own greatness at the expense of his neighbour's estate.

His Ma*^- hath signed the reversion to \'our son's use, and it
is now passiiig the seals.

2 pp. XXXII, 20.

|De Villiers] Hotmax to Willia.m Trumbull.

1612, Feb. 18. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of Jan. 28 and
Feb. 2 with one from Beaulieu. I learn more by his letters
than by a dozen from other friends in France.

Buwinkhausen's brother will be with you, whom I commend
to you. The Amb''* of these princes and the Aix Deputies are
much pleased with their reception. These good people are
much alarmed by the nuistering going on around them and b\'
the preparation of lanternes and engines at Cologne. The\'
do well to be on their guard but that your Archdukes, Saxony
and the other German princes have other pre-occupations.
Your Archduke is said to have gone post to meet his brothers.
The party of Mathias is the strongest, but fears he will not get
enough votes. Saxony and two of the Ecclesiastics being
unfriendly. We shall see the result at the Frankfort meeting
in May.

] p. French, xxvii, 88.

235

1612, Feb. 10. Prague.^ Answer of King Matthias to tlic
ambassadors of the Duke of Neuburg about the administration
of the Palatinate.

I p. German. Copt/. Mise. iv, 19.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611 [-2], Veh. 10. The Hague. — These two gentlemen,
brothers and grandsons of Sir Amyas Paulet, liaviug travelled
through France, Spain, Italy and parts of (iermany, purpose
to go to your parts, and I recommend them to your favour.

This day I had audience of the States General, presenting
a discourse written in French by H.M. " Sur ses actions (levers
les Estats Gen. des Pais Bus JJnis touchant le fait de Conradus
Vorstius.'" He yields the reasons of his undertaking that cause,
and en passant refutes that little book I sent you called Christiana
et modesta responsio. The discourse is to be printed in England,
and if you send to More he will get you a copy. On Wednesday
the Assembly of Holland begins, so we shall see what the States
will do with this most infamous sycophant.

M. Reffuges had audience last week and declared the
reci])rocal marriages are contracted, with some words to make
the States believe that the treaty contained a special clause
for their assurance, but be left none of his auditors possessed
with that opinion.

1 p. XLVii, 25.

H. BiLDERBKCK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1611-12, Feb. 20. Cologne.— I have .\ours of 6th. The
letter of the C't. de S. [sic] which you enclosed I have sent on
to his Master de Plessen at Heidelberg, where lately died
President a Colli once ambassador at the Hague for the
Elector Palatine. I regret him. King Mathias lias entered
Prague, where Proskofisky, the Stadmeister and Rusky have
been arrested. Anspach and Brunswick were tlierc, and
offered service to Mathias. Maximilian is still at Mergetsheim,
intending to see the El. of Mayence at Aschaffenburg, doubtful
whether he will go back to Prague or to your Archduke at the
request of Mathias and the other Austrian Princes to induce
Albert not to compete against Mathias for the Roman crown.

If our bishop dies, the election fixed for May 20 at Frankfort,
may be delayed.

Colonel Schomberg passed this town 3 days ago on his way
to the Hague : he will meet Winwood at Wesel, and go on to
Brussels for the Montbeliard matter on behalf of the United
Princes.

W^e hear nothing from Prussia nor of Neuburg's movements.

These people persecute the poor Huguenots. Their Minister
has been arrested at a meeting. It will go hard with him.

Those of Aix have good news from their deputy at Paris,
where they had a very favourable audience of the queen.

2| pp. French. Unsigned, viii, 66.

236

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1012, Feb. 13. Paris. — [Printed in Wiuwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 335.]
2 pj). V, 8.

William Trumbull to the Secretary of State.

lCll-12, Feb. 13. Brussels. — The most important business
now handled by these Princes is the banishment of oin* English
cloths out of their dominions, about the which there ha\e been
sundry conferences held the last week by certain selected
persons of the Financiers and Privj- Council with whom Monsr.
de Grote, lately arri\'ed here from London, was also joined
as an assistant. I am iixformed that since they began to enter
seriously with the consideration of this banishment, there do
occur many difficulties whereof heretofore they made no esteem,
as the high price of the Spanish wools, which cost more than
ours by a third or foiu-th, yet the hardness of getting any out
of England when the \ent of oiu* clotlis shall be prohibited in
these Pro\inccs, the difference ^vhich is in the rates of victualling
and v\orkmanship in England where all things are good
cheap, and of these coiu\tries where the consumptions are
heavily charged to pay for the princes' ordinary aids, and lastly
tlic contents of the treaties of intercourse between us and them,
it being expressly stipulated between the Crown of England
and the House of Burgundy (as by the 6 article of the con-
ventions made in the year 1306 it doth sufficiently appear)
that it shall not be lawful either for the princes of the Netlier-
lands to banish our cloths or to charge them with any other
impositions than those which at that time were in use. Of
which article I Iiavc caused a copy to lie submitted unto them
l)y the means of some friends, and there l)eing no resolution as
yet taken in this matter, I hope it will serve to good purpose,
though I am credibly informed that the Archd., being pre-
possessed with certain sinister informations, inclincth \ery
much to the said banishment as the only means to weaken his
Ma'y'^ power, and to revi\e the ancient manufactures of cloth
and other commodities in these parts.

I will carefully observe the rest of their proceedings and
thereof gi\ e your L. notice from time to time as there shall be
'occasion.

Some of the Irish living in these parts who pretend to be
much de\"oted to his Ma*^'^ service, especially one Tho. Shelton
and Captain Rathfert have dealt with me very earnestly to
make an o^•erture to your L. for the reconciliation of the Earl
of Tyrone to his Ma'^^ fa^'our, as authorised thereunto by
letters from himself, alleging these reasons with many others
why at this time it should be hearkened unto, as namely the
breaking of this Irish regiment which is the very best in the
king of Spain's service, and cxpecteth only an occasion of
disgust between his Ma*y and the k. of Spain to be sent into

237

Ireland for the destruction of the new plantations and kindling
of another rebellion in that kingdom, more dangerous than
any of the precedent. The strength of the said regiment,
which is able to furnish 400 able commanders, the number of
their friends and allies in Ireland and the present dejected
estate of the said earl, who never had means to know the
pope and the Spaniards so well by relation of others as now
he hath by his own experience, the reasonable conditions he
will accept at his Ma'^s''^ hands, the honour your L. should gain
by such a work of charity, and the example itself which would
deter all others of that nation from having any dependence
upon foreign princes. To all which I have made them answer
that considering the said earl's demerits towards the state, his
ingratitude toward his Ma*y and the manner of his coming out
of Ireland, it would be rejected with much scorn unless he would
now do some meritorious service to assure his Ma*^ of his
sincere dealing and in part to redeem his foul offence, and that
it was a matter of that transcendent nature as I durst not
undertake to offer it unto your L. without particular warrant.
Neither am I so presumptuous at this present (being altogether
ignorant of his Ma*''"^ pleasure in that behalf and the present
estate of the affairs of Ireland) as to entertain it, being a matter
for wliich I have no charge, but only ))y way of discourse to
keep them in their de^■otion to his Ma*5 and to understand by
their means as much as may be how practices do pass between
them and the Spaniards. And I beseech your L. if I have
erred anything herein, to impute it to the zeal I bear to his
Ma'5^ scr\ice, and not to any overweening or undertaking
humour in myself, whereof I have always studied to avoid the
least suspicions. Mr. Shelton hath entreated me to give
conveyance to a letter of his to your L. which contains some
points depending upon the other, and because I coidd [not]
conveniently refuse him so small a courtesy I make bold for
the causes above mentioned, to send it herewithal, to be read
or suppressed as to your L. wisdom it shall seem convenient.

Upon the Ifi da}' of this month new style there arri\ed 500
Spaniards at Dunkirk from the ports at Biscay and Lisbon to
renforce the decayed bands of that nation who do now serve
the King of Spain in these Provinces. And there is a common
speech of sending 1,500 more into these countries for the same
effect.

Monsr. de Buwinkhausen, well known to your L., and the
Chancellor of Wirtemberg are at length come hither about the
difference between their Master and these princes concerning
the county of Montbelliard but as yet they have not seen the
Archdukes. Here is also one Monsr. Cruper, a Councillor of
Cleves, sent hither from the Possident Princes to dispute their
right by law with the Elector of Saxony for the coimty of
Ravestein in Brabant and the Seignory of Winendale in
Flanders whereunto he liath intruded himself, bj- tlie , , .

238

favour of the Court as a dependence upon the duchies of
Juliers and C'leves, and the neghgent proceedings of the minister
of the said Prince.

Count Solre, chief of the third branch of the House of Croy,
governor of Tourney and (irand Escuyer to the Archdukes,
died at Prague in his legation to King Mathias, in tlie house of
the Span. Amb''- there, as they say of the taberdilla,* but the
Germans will have it to be of the common disease of Hungary.
His death hath opened the gate to many noblemen of this Court
to pretend for the succession of his charge which (as it is thought)
will not be so soon bestowed as they desire.

Father Nayen, the Commissary of the Cordeliers, is sent
again to Breda to conclude if it may be with the prince of
Orange and his brothers for their interest in the salins of
Burgundy ; in exchange whereof the Archdukes present him
with the seignory of Tournhaut with a certain sum of ready
money, and afterwards to come to a public trial before the
Parlanient of Mechlen for their pretensions upon the Casteau
de Bellin.

The last advertisements out of Germany do not contain any
news of importance more than king Mathias is upon terms to
treat of an accord with the p. of Transilvama, and that one of
the grooms of the late emperor's chamber called Rusky who
was imprisoned by the said king, hath hanged himself out of
fear to have been executed with greater severity by the hands
of public justice. The Elector of Cullen continueth still in his
former indisposition of health, and as it is said, cannot long
endure witliout some special or extraordinary remedy.

3 1 pp. Diaft. Min. i, 114.

Sir D. Carleton to William Trumbull.

1()11["2], Feb. 14. o.s. Venice. [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 336.]
3 pp. XV, 6.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], P'eb. 14. Whitehall. — Your servant can tell you
that }'our grant is perfect for your reversion to which my lord
did yield. I imparted your note of sculpture and pictures to a
gentleman of his Highness' Chamber, who returned me the
answer I send you, and will require your care for the satisfaction
thereof, perhaps to no imgrateful jjurposc. The sooner \'ou
return your knowledge in it, the better, for such appetites of
such persons must be fed while they are up. Otherwise j^ou
are checked with their own fruitless longing. For the Italian
gentleman I can gi^•e you or him little encouragement. For
him to cross the seas, or you or I to hazard an engagement
would more relish of good nature than good judgment. His

♦ Sputted leyev.

perspective glasses are here common, but I know not whether
so exquisite as he may make them. If he lia\e any that carry
a clear enlarged sight (not to the moon) but to a reasonable
distance at hand, I would be glad \'ou would buy and send me
one.

[Postscript]. — I got your man 10/. for his packet hither, but
the times are too thrifty or too needy for his double journey.

1 1 pp. Seal. Misc. Ill, 85.

The Same to the Same.

Of like date. — After I had sealed my lord's packet, I
considered that your servant's allowance for his posting hither
was short for so long a way, out and home, so .sent that by post
and these by him.

I p. Seal. Misc. in, 8G.

John More to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Feb. 1J-. London. — I have today yours of the
5th with the enclosed project, which upon the first view I
concei\'e to be, as you say, a witty and worthy invention, and
do in my opinion concur with the author that it is convenient£,
giusto e utile al Prencipe. V)ut that it is facile a porsi in
essecutiune in this kingdom will be hard to prove by words,
and much harder by deeds. The slubbering fashion of our
people being such as they will never endure to take the pains
oi' ordering their affairs in so neat a manner, and (which will
be the main obstacle) we cannot endure to have our estates
disco\'cred whether we l)e rich or poor, which is the reason that
Sir Walter Cope's new commerce, though in itself approvable,
is so nuich contenmed, albeit there is provision made that men
maj' borrow other names at their pleasure. Yet I will read it
over again at better leisure and sound the opinion of wiser than
myself, and provide that in case the like oxerture be made and
likely to be hearkened to, your collection shall be preferred
before the after gleanings of any other and that to your
advantage.

The enclosed letter and bill should have been sent last week.
I will also pay Monger the 10/. you last took up at Brussels,
and the 6/. which Germain now taketh here of him, unless
by your next 3'ou desire to pay it rather there to i\Ir. Hobson.
I have this day made great instance with Mr. Bingley in behalf
of all the Amb'' (Mr. de Vick being hindered by an ague from
putting his shoulder to the common wheel), but can draw him
to no promise.

His Ma*^''* book now sent you by Mr. Calvert you will find
a xevy worthy work,* neither doth he \'ary from his first opinion.

• Entitled Declaration aur les Actions deters lea Etats Generaux des Pays Bos
Vnis tonclunit le fait de Conrad Vorstius, fii*st publislied im Fi-ericli, on tlie llitli
I^'ebiuury. liirch : Court and Times oj James 1, \'ul. i, page L'iy,

240

If the conclusion seem more cool than the rest, it proceeded
from an assurance given his Ma*y that Vorstius should be
removed with some kind of absolution, in which case a more
careless expectation of the issue is thought more behooful for
his Ma*y'^ reputation.

Mr. Calvert can best write you of Ireland. That people is
still as farouche as ever in religion. The common people of
Waterford lately made a kind of insurrection against the bishop
and some ministers that went about to reform their priests.

All our present discourse is of the 1,500 Spaniards lately
come to Dunkirk, and of the rest that are coming there from
Spain, from which we imagine you have some design upon
Cleves or Aix, in fear of which Co. Maurice prepares to draw
towards Nimuegen.

]My L. Treasr. is still Aaletudinarian. If he recover not
shortly we are [like] to make halt in our great affairs magis
carendo qiiam fruendo quod homtm est perspicimus.

We express our gratefulness for your boar pie in drinking
of your and Mrs. Trumbull's health, viz. Mr. Sherborn and
his wife, Mr. Castle and his, with his motlier-in-law Mrs.
Reynolds and other friends.

3 pp. XXXII, 30.

Robert, Earl of Salisbury to William Trumbull.

1G11[~2], Feb. 14. Whitehall. — I had your letters sent by your
servant, which brovight the first advertisement of the emperor's
deatli, and have since your other of Jan. 30 wherein came
enclosed the papers with Lewes description,* an information
proceeding, no doul)t, from the good affection of him that gave
it, as it doth from your affectionate diligence that took it, but
it is wild, and hardly will any staid consequence be drawn
from it, other than of a provident iieedfulness over any such
person as shall be found branded with those marks of suspicion.

We hear of certain forces arrived at Dunkirk and of other
provisions and levies in those parts, which after the common
report (and that not the least consonant witli likelihood) are
intended for Ayx though the virtue of the ban be held to die
with the emperor. Your care and watchfulness should wait
upon their motions, to ad^■ertise wliatsoever in that or ought
else may be important.

1 p. XXXVI, 24.

Thomas Newporte to William Trumbull.

1611[-12], Feb. le.f Antwerp. — Sends a letter presently
received from Constantinople.
^ p. Misc. Ill, 79.

* The paper is in S.V. Flanders \ul. ?i. t'ul. 109 ; it is signed G.H. i.e. Geui'ge
Hdllcer.

I Eniloi'seii 10 of January.

241

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, Feb. 26. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of Jan. 28 and
Feb. 2 and 13. You have heard of the death of the elector
of Cologne. His nephew* inherits everything and also the
bishopric of Paderborn, and if the Archbishopric of Salzburg
also falls to him, or to any of his partisans, the power of
BaAaria will be considerable. We hear nothing of our Palatine's
journey to Prussia where Markham has followed him, after
staying at Prague till the emperor's death. Mathias has made
Neuburg vicar, by which he does not seem to have helped his
election, the secular Electors being agreed on this point. The
prince of Heidelberg has already appeared at an Electoral
meeting, and has twice declared that he will go to Frankfort.
Tell mc if your Archduke " brigue " for the election, if Fux
is still there, and if Langeburg and Syborg have arrived.

1 ;). French, xxvii, 109.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Feb. 27. Cologne.— I have yours of 13th. Mathias
is still at Prague. He has sent Anspach to Dresden and
Heidelberg poxtr se recommander. Vast designs practised during
the emperor's life against the king and kingdom of Bohemia are
coming to light.

Ruzki, valet de chanihre to the emperor hanged himself in
])rison, and tlie otlier prisoners are more closely guarded.

The Administrator of the Palatinate is going to Mergetsheim
to sec ^laximilian. He has also sent letters and patents to
Cologne by which he shows that by the emperor's death it is
his by right. Neuburg has done the same. I think the former
will ))re\ail, as holding the administration and being recognised
by the Elector of Saxony, Wirtcmbcrg, Baden and wen
Mayence.

Our Archbishop is dead at last. The Coadjutor is now here,
doing all he can to succeed him. Tlie bishop of Liege is against
him.

Aix has got off this time. Tliey will be wise to secure them-
selves in the interregnum. Their deputies are back from Paris
well satisfied.

IJ pp. French, viii. 08.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611[-2], Feb. 18. The Hague.— | Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, \o\. iii, p. 339].

2 pp. XLVii, 24..

* Ferdinand, yovmger brother of Maximilian, duke of Bavaria, coadjutor of
Cologne.

\Vt. 1-216 ■ Down- III— 16

242

William Trumbull to the [Secretary of State].

1611-12, Feb. 20. Brussels.— In those letters I wrote to
your L. the 13th of this montli I mentioned the sickness of the
elector of C'ullen, and since that time there are certain news
brought hither as well to the Archd. himself and the Spanish
Amb^- as to many other particular men, that before the date
of the said letter lie was departed this life. But the Spaniards,
who seem to be very sorry for his death in regard of the interest
they had in his voice for the election of another Emperor, had
as long as they could suppressed tlie knowledge of his departure.
And now men do begin in conmion discourse to call the
Coadjutor's title in question, and many do persuade botii
tliemselvcs and others that seeing he was neither confirmed
in the electorate of t'ullcn nor the Principality of Liege, by the
emperor, nor is yet wholl)- admitted unto the succession of
Miinster by the towns of Westphalia, that he shall ha^•e much
difficulty to succeed his deceased uncle in all his ecclesiastical
livings, especially if the Landgra\e of Hessen and the States
of the United Provinces do continue to oppose his admission
with the bishoprics of Miinster and Parterborn as heretofore
they have done. Coimt Maurice his repairing to Ximuegen
and the States renforcing of their companies do make these
princes alert, and to stand upon their guards, but hitherto they
have neither made new levies or recruits (saving only of the
500 Spaniards mentioned in my last) which are said to have
cost the king no more than three cr. apiece whereas in time
of war each soldier that came from S})ain stood him in 100
philips for his conduct money and the charge of his trans-
])()rtation. Some letters out of Spain do rejiort that there are
40 conii)anies to be levied there for the king's service in the
Netherlands, of 200 in each company. About Easter we expect
the return of the Martpiis Spinola, who is said to have l)een
made (irandee on Candlemas day last. But Don Roderigo
Calderon is to be his precursor, and in these parts to have the
management of some important businesses which are not yet
di\ulged.

Pater Nayen is lately returned from Breda where he liath
left the P. of Orange (as it is said) in good terms to accept of
a composition for his share in the Salins of Burgundy. And
now the said iriar is preparing himself for a journey to Rome
under tlie colour of doing some business for his Order, to mediate
the j)ope's fa\our, and for advancement of this prince's
pretensions to the Imperial diadem, or at least to the crown
of the Romans.

There arc daily consultations held by the Archdukes'
ministers as well for the banislmient of our English cloths as
the rating of their moneys to keep them in the land, well
perceiving that his Ma*'* late proclamation hath already
raised the value of their gold and drawn good sums out of their
dominions. In the banisliment of the cloth they do evcrv dav

243

disccn XT new impediments, and particularly the considerations
set down in the foot of this letter* ; and for the course of their
gold and silver they will shortly publish a new reglement, seeing
tlieir former placards are not observed, although they be very
strict and se\'ere. But their principal endeavour is to furnish
the Archdukes' coffers with great store of crowns and his
magazines with good quantity of powder, ordnance and
mimition, which maketh the world imagine that either he
hath some great design in hand, or at least fearing the breach
of the truce, will take such order as he be not found without
oil in his lamp, or sufficient means to make a defensive war.

2 pp. Draft. Min. i, 115.

John Brownlowe to William Trumbull.

lf)12, Feb. 21. Antwerp.^By the enclosed you will know
what Sir William Stanley wrote in answer of mine. Mr. Ward
brought me the enclosed, but desired to be excused 14 davs.
wlien he will return. I fear I shall ha\'e to do with an irresolute
man. I find him so contrary in his speeches that unless every-
thing be written down, he will forget it. I advised him to get
a formal procreation from Sir William that what we conclude
upon may remain irremoveable, which otherwise upon delays
might be thought inconvenient or not necessary. He showed
me a letter from Sir William giving him full authority to treat
with me, but if you do not hold that sufficient, you may here
s})eak to Mr. W^ard, and cause him to procure such a procreation
to be here passed, l)ut I am sure Sir William will stand to what
he shall consent unto. By his discourse I gatlier that if it
should be found a due debt and that he should condescend to
the payment hereof, he would give an assignation upon liis
montiily payments in Spain, affirming that Sir William's
monthly receipts here are but sufficient for his household
provisions, by which I perceive some possibility of recovering
the debt, wherein I will be careful to bring it to a good end.

1 p. XI, 123.

J. Beaulieu to the Same.

1012, Feb. 21. Paris.- [Printed in AYinwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 340.]

3 pp. V. 9.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611-12, Feb. 23. Paris. — One of the articles of the marriage
treaty is a league defensive, this state standing by his former
treaties with England and the Low Countries, which many
think incompatible witli the new convention. The princes of
the Blood profess that they will never sign the treaty, and
Soissons, notwithstanding all means used to pacify him,

♦ Not to lie found.

244

continues his discontent, and is now fallen out with dc Villcroy.
The Nuncio and bishops still practise against Richer's book,*
and got the first president to sound his colleagues for the
retracting of the inhibition to tlic Sorbonne not to censure the
book, but they all refused their consent.

This bearer, Mr. Bathurst, came from England to find some
condition here, and was rcconmicnded to me by Mr. Anthony
P^dmondes. He was for a long time factor in Spain for an
English merchant who died. He hath the Spanish tongue,
but not the Frencli, and is now going to Brussels and desireth
my recommendation to you for a place about the new Amb'-,
or witli some Spaniard. I should prefer the former as in the
latter ease he might make shipwreck of his religion, which he
seemeth to keep entire. His fatlier is " towards " my lo. of
Cumberland, of whom you may hear l)y your cousin Mr.
Brogedent and others of my lo. Clifford's company, among
whom pray take notice oi' Mr. Hues, the said lord's steward.

If pp. "v, 10.

J[ohn] Sa[nford] to William Trumbull.

1611f-12], March 4. n.s. Madrid.— The ordinary so
escaped my L. and me that he came empty-handed to you.
By an extraordinary, which followed shortly after, I remembered
you and tlsc business. I bid you reconcile the parties that differ
on points I know not how material, which hatli bred some
distaste in my L., namely the papers and information sent to
him, I know not from whom, for I could not yet come to the
sight of them. I wish \^ou had addressed them to me, then
could I have better satisfied you. For Air. Cawlcy chancing
to be iu jilace when the packet arri\ed, before my letter was
brought to my chamber, my L. had taken Mr. C. with him
pri\ately into liis study and had eatecliised him on the points
therein contained, showing him tlie ]>apcr and requiring him
to gi\e liini his answer ; who l)y other drafts of covenants and
agreement between him and Mr. Colford hath so cleared matters
that when 1 came afterwards to entreat to ha\e that paper
kept from iMr. C's sight, my L. told me that you of that side
did mistake him to think that he woidd incline to any party,
but to dt) right to all, and therefore would not smooth any trials
that might justify either party, or satisfy his own judgment
in the knowledge of the cause. He is minded to condescend
to Mr. Wake's request to put him in to tiie secret and to remit
the payment ])ack into Flandeis, which will secure the debt
with that interest wliich the king alloweth, though the incre-
ment of exchange wliich would have accrued, if the mone\-
had been paid here will thus be "' defalked." [Margin in

' Edmond Richer, syndic of the faculty of theology. The book in question was
entitled De Ecclesiastica et Politico Potestate. Le Vassor : Hist, de Louis XIII,
vol. i, p. 292.

t Trumbull's mother was Ehzabeth Brosden,

245

differotf hand. Answer to tliis point with speed for methinks
he niibtaketh]. Mr. Cawley is minded to stand it out and put
it to the hazard, in hope the peace with England will n()t easih"
be broken. I suppose this does not a little dismay you, that
whereas my L. hath not ceased to press the matter with the
duke, they have of late, which showeth their necessities,
intreated iu\' L. to ])crsuade him to content himself with that
order that tiiey shall be able to give him. The result of a late
consiilto about it (though it is not as yet an Act declared) is
that they will pay the principal in four fleets, the first in
September next and so the rest successively. The interest is
alia res to be consulted on finito bdlo secnndo Puiiico. in our
next peace with Spain. IMr. C. hath neither accepted nor
refused it. Ciod knows what alterations four years may bring
forth, but a rumour of war will cavisc an embargo upon all that
shall remain. This is the misery to li\'e upon the mercy of Spain.

Touching tlie stipulations that Mr. Bald. W|akc] hath made,
elles sont de son cm. T have heard my L. jirotcst that it will
not be worth a pair of gloves. Yet T have also heard him say
that he so well understandeth himscll' that if in this suit any-
thing be done in fa\our of him, he thinketh he deserves well
to be rememl)ered, seeing that it is not a matter ex delicto,
incident to his charge, but ex pacto and of contract with this
king and which they might have chosen whether they woidd
enter into or not, [f]or entering into it, it bcho\ ed them to see
to their security for payment. Set me down in some proposition
what you would have me to press my L. with, or what else to do.

1^ pp. XXXVI, 43.

Sir John Dig by to [William Trumbull].

]611|-]2], Feb. 24. o.s. Madrid.- I have yours of Jan. 21,
my last to you being of Feb. 2. Upon the news of the emperor's
death this king for 8 or 10 days retired, and will moiu'ii till his
obseqiues be past, which he will perform in the church of a
nunnery Avherc one of his sisters li\cth. We here give the
Imperial crown to Mathias.

Spinola is delayed, hoping shortly to be made a grandee.
They have offered that honour for his life, but that contenteth
him not, desiring it for his issue. I think in the end they will
do him this honour completely, for he hath bought an estate
of divers towns in Spain of the king, with which I think he will
liave the title of duke. He was likewise crossed therein, some
having wrought underhand that the vassals would not turn
tenants unto him ; but now this difficvdty is cleared, and the
business upon a conclusion. He will depart about March 12,
s.n., and with him Count Bucquoy, Count Octavio Visconti
and Don Roderigo Calderon, who, to augment the bruit of this
king's intent to demand my La. Eliz., gives out that he goetli
for England. Being with him some few days since I told him
that I heard b\- divers that he intended to see England. He

told me it was true tliat lie hath a great desire, if he eoiild have
so much leisure, to make a step out of Flanders thither, but
only for his own pleasure. The which he would wish might he
disguisedly, but hereb\- he seemed rather to express a willing-
ness than any resolution to the journey, though in this town
and Court it runneth very current, for to others he hath spoi<en
\er\' affh'matively. For my better satisfaction I went to the
Secretary Arostegui, desiring to know the truth of a rumour
about Don Roderigo's going for England, which he utterly
denied. And Don Roderigo told me that within seven months
he thought to return, and then go to \'enicc, which I much
doubt, and think rather he will make this short time of his
absence serve his ends. So that I conceive his going for
England to be given out to confirm the bruit touching this
king and the La. Eliz, which here is as certainly believed as if
the business was concluded.

The officers of the Custom House Lisljon Jiave sent to me
an offer of 10,000 ducats in case I would procure that at her
coming she might land there. But that you may not be
deceived l)y reports, I confidently say that to this hour, no
resolution is taken that this king should marry, much less
where he mindeth to bestow himself. .\nd therefore I cannot
but think it strange why they should with so much certainty
give out this rumour, which is not here only in the mouth of
the multitude, but it is spoken of with much confidence amongst
the best and greatest. Their intent is either to cover and
mask some unlucky enterprise herewith, or to give greater
causes of jealousy to the king's friends and confederates. . . .

The Marquis de (amera^a. Captain of the (iuai'd, who with
his whole household was committed to prison, and his )ilace
suspended, on suspicion of bewitching the king, will be released
and restored, what was held to be treason being now thought
a jest. He is said to have been in love with a Moor in N'alencia,
who as it was thought by some charm making him impotent
to all other, and, to cure himself hereof, procured a cunning man
to come to him, that in case she had bewitched him, he should
work against her charms. This doctor told a friend that he
was used by the marquis in a case of witchcraft. He revealed
it to some enemies of the marquis who informed against him
at an unlucky time when he tlirough his discontent had used
overmuch liberty in speech to the king. But the matter will
be accommodated.

Tliis king hath commanded Don Christoual de Moro, ^'ice
King of I'ortugal, an ancient councillor and pri\ ado of Phillip
IL as likewise Don Pedro de Toledo to repair to this Court,
there being an intent to have a Junta for the disjiatch of
businesses which come by way of coiisiilto from all the Councils
to the king for confirmation, which the duke now wholly alone
dispatcheth, which is a great inconA'enience to all and a trouble
to himself, though he will keep a kind of sujierintendency.

247

A Spaniard has lately come oxerlaud from I'ersia by way of
Aleppo. At liis first coming he spake much honour of Mr.
Rob. Shcrley's negociation, but since I hear he is instructed to
l;c sparing in that subject. They here much apprehend his
jVIty's eiitcrtaining of him. The natural Persian, who was at
this court and is now at Lisbon, they will dispatcli with all
expedition. iio])ing by the arrival of him lirst to pre\ cut our
undertakings there.

As for Mr. C'alley's business if I iiad as well understood at
first as I now do, may be I should not ha\c dealt witii it at all,
for I see that when I sliall have effected a great business, their
particular dissensions arc like to overthrow my labours and to
ruin themselves. I see much spleen on both sides and desire
of taking advantage one of another. If you love them, persuade
Rawlins to transfer his business and his bills to some friend
here, that may agree matters betwixt them. I will see justice
done equally on all sides. But if they will not come to reason,
I will withdraw from dealing for them, it being a Jiusincss which
1 ha\e no obligation to deal in, I>eing dehitnin pacti, it not being
anything taken from the king's subjects by force or injustice,
but by Iiaving made a \oluntarv bargain, for which if they took
not fitting security, it was their own faults, so that the good I
may do them is rather by way of intercession than de jure, the
king of pjUgland or his ministers ha\ing nothing to do to press
the K. of Spain to the pajment of his particular debts. But
I hope I shall be able to do them good if they hurt not them-
selves. And it may be if I withdraw myself, they will not in
haste bring the business again to tlie pass wherein it now is.
By my next I may be able to advise you of sr)me particulars
herein.

[Po.stacriptl. I hear of a Scottish Jesuit that iiatli lately in
name of a P'renclmian negociated here for the erecting of a
Scottisli seminary in Flanders. His name is Father Robert
Scott. 1 pray you enquire thereof.

5 pp. XXII, 106.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TkUMBULL.

1612, March 5. Cologne. — The princes of Wirtemberg and
Baden are at Heidelberg actively engaged in consultation.
They have come of their own accord to effect agreement
between the Administrator and Newburg on the Mcariat of
the Empire in which the latter is interested, having already
distributed many patents, probably without effect. The death
of a Colli is a great loss at this juncture.

Two days ago arrived a courier from the Hague with
intercessory letters from the States General, nn- Masters and
his Excellency to the Magistrates here in fa\our of the release
of our Minister. Our reformed Church here is in a bad way,
like a flock without a shepherd.

248

Our Arclibishop will be buried on Saturday. Tiie Coadjutor
will succeed him.

1| pp. French, viii, 69.

John Dickenson to William Trumiutll.

1611[-12], Feb. 26 {endorsement^ — My former letter was by
M. Wcsphenninei<. If I had kiiowu his errand he had come
without recommendation. Though he has long been servant
to the house of Xuburg he has served both these princes a year
or two. Sir (ir. Markham, wlio was left at Prague l)y our
Palatine, changed his course and followed his lord to Prussia.
He should bestow some lines on his friends to tell them how
things stand. The old Palatine of Neuburg stirreth mainly
about liis jiretended vicariate, but hath no success.

1 p. XXII, 26.

Sir Raphe Winwood to VVilllvm Trumbull.

1611[-2] [endorsement], Yeh. 26. o.s. The Hague. — 1
have yours of 18tlL I could not let Colonel Sehomberg depart
without these few lines, the rather because he is one of tiie
Commissioners, who expressly is sent about the dilTerents of
Montbehard in behalf of the D. of Wirtemberg, in which cause
j'ou are deputed by H.M. to assist. If your prince continue
his pursuit, for the Empire in act, and will not content himself
with the expectation to be King of the Romans, unless Matthias,
K. of Bohemia show much more courage and resolution than
his former life doth promise, it may be that he will carry it,
for the elector of Saxe, by secret compacts, liath engaged to
him his suffrage, and the three ecclesiastics, he once liaving
been of tlieir fraternity, besides many otlier reasons of greater
importance, declare for him. There is a bruiet tiiat tiie Q. ol'
Bohemia is with child, which if it be true, will much trouble
the designs of Spain. When the resolution was taken to send
one of the princes into Germany to inherit the possessions which
now the K. of Bohemia doth enjoy, which they say jure
successionis appertain to Spain rather tlian to the Archduke
Ferdinand of Gratz, many of those countries being feudum
femininum, which giveth him right of pretention both by his
mother and his wife.

I have seen in this town that Xicolas dc CuUo, of whom you
write, since his being in England. He hath often made means
to come to me, which I avoided, for my judgment could never
settle any good opinion of such fleeting and vagabond spirits.
He is married m this town to a daughter of one Dankert, a
solicitor, a man in all sorts of a base and unwortliy condition,
and the pro\erb is Similes hubent labru lactucas and uxorem
tibi sumas aeqmdem. Monsr. \a.\\ der Mylc whom you know,
understanding that I had such attestations in my hands hath
desired them of me to communicate them to tlie Ct. Maurice.
Vorstius is as good as a proclamation to the world that all men

240

of what sort and religion and beha\iour soever may Rnd in
Holland a sure sanctuary. 1 yet know not what resolution the
States will take about that companion who here yet lieth in
this town. Neither yet doth it greatly import what resolution
they shall take, for I fear, (Ije it spoken imder Benedicite), both
for the matter itself in undertaking tlie protection of so
monstruous an heretic and in the carriage of the cause with so
little respect to H.M. they liave lost the heart, at least the love
of their best friends, whereof though they will be sensible (for
yet they are not) when the occasions shall require the aid and
assistance of their neighbours and allies. The war of Denmark
and Sweden continues and the preparations against this summer
are great on both sides, and both the kings have sent hither
for levy of money and Swede underhand will speed whose ])arty
we fa\our.

2\ pp. XLVii, 26.

Samuel Calvert to Willlvji Thumhull.

1012, Feb. 20. [London].- My Lo. Treas^ hath recovered
from a dangerous sickness. I pray Ciod his physician liavc not
practised more haste than good speed, in which course lions'"
de Mayerne, alias Turquett, a French doctor, emporta la prix.
It is strange to sec how the C'ommons were discoin-aged for
fear of his death, that would have bred much discontentment,
and that which was most to Ijc wondered at, the great ones
(who are ordinarily so ambitious to rise) did not affect to succeed
in our prime office, so much is the king engaged in debts, and
so little means left to satisfy them. The treasure exhausted,
the loans innumerable and the . . re\'enues of the State
iniccrtain, and wasted by our [jolitic farmers, that for supply
of ready money in necessity ha\e but too often made benefice
of the time. All I can say is that the longer we live, the greater
wants wc shall have, especially in this secure and dead form
wherein we live, without comfort or variety.

We understand the marriages with Spain and France arc
proclaimed at Madrid. The Duke of Bouillon comes hither
shortly to give account thereof, and to make a pri^•ate overture
to our princess in the behalf of the Couiit Palatin.

My Lo. Willoughb\% they say, will go to Denmark with
10,000 men, in which affair many of our young gallants will
embark themselves.

Write me the truth, if you have it, of a bruit of some
discontentment or disaster happened to Digby in Spain. My
cousin Cottington is there, but in hope to procure little con-
tentment from that state and threatens to return home.

My Lo. Treas^- will move the King to have an assistant in
the office of principal Secretary and the E. of Pembroke is said
to aim thereat.

The book I sent you is translated into FiUglisli by my cousin
and into Latin bv Mr. Newton.

250

The enclosed contains a Banquet of tlic Wits I)y Iloskins of
the Temple.

2 pp. Seal. XIV, 40.

J. Heaulieu to William Trumbill.

1611-12, Fel). 27. Paris.- -The D. of Savoy to a proposition
that he would open himself concerning further demands hath
made a dilatory answer, that until he did see clearer into the
e\ent of things, he would not dissociate himself of the late
king's signature. This answer, his Amb""- told my lord, he used
expecting what resolution he should hear from his Ma'^ upon
Cartignane's negociation. But it is thought that he is of
opinion that these marriages with Spain may yet be altered,
supposing that if the k. of Spain perceive his mark to fail him,
namely to make a separation between France and Holland, he
will not proceed to the marriages.

There was great alarm here upon a rumour tjiat the prince
oi' Wales was going to Holland, and Count Maurice afterwards
to England.

t'ouncils ha\e been held here for the calling in of all foreign
coin and reducing tiiat of the country to its ancient \aluc.

Mr. Hessen hath well recei^'ed your packet.

On Shrove-Tuesday by some misrule one of the old towers
of the Loiure was set on fire, but with no further harm than
the burning of the top of it.

1 p. V, 11.

Sir Kai'iie Winwood to William Trumbull.

1611[-2] [endorsement], Feb. 28th. o.s. Hague.* -The
deatii of tlie elector of Cologne hath reason to trouble your
l)rinces, for as our advertisements go difficulty is made to
surrogc the Coadjutor in his electorate and the town of Liege
demurs to admit him to be their bishop. The D. of Neuberg's
pretensions give much trouble to the Administrator of
Heidelberg, and in consequence to the Princes of the Union.
At this time there is an Assembly at Heidelberg to appoint those
dil'ferents by amiable composition. The States of Holland,
whose Assembly yet continues, are not come to any resolution
about Vorstius who is suffered to lie in this town. About the
end of next month I shall be at Wesel to conclude the treaty
with the Princes of the Union.

I have yours of the 18th.

1 p. XLVii, 28.

Sir D. Carletox to the Same.

1611[-2], Feb. 28. o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, ^'ol. iii, p. 343.]
4 pp. XV, 7.

• Endorsed IS Maicli, 1611.

251

C'oNsiDKUATiONS touching tlic Marrying of the
Princess Elizabeth.

1 1G12, c. Feb.]. — When the king of France died I feared a close
union between Spain and France woidd follow, the pope desiring
the union of the two crowns by marriage. The queen mother is
a Florentine and the late queen of Si)ain was sister of the (irand
Duchess. It would help to secure Flanders, to ruin the
Huguenots and injure Savoy, to whose son France promised her
eldest daughter and now gives her to the prince of Spain as they
are now trying to lireak the marriage of the princess of England.

England is between two enemies. France is offended because
we keep her title and arms ; Spain because we hold her places
in the isles, have ruined the navigation of tlie Indies and the
like. For this reason they amuse us by talk of marrying the
Infanta to oiu- prince, which they will ne\er do, for if she
succeeded to lier father's dominions they would !:)c afraid of
them falling into the power of the English. The second Infanta
is too young, and it is not convenient to wait so long to marry
the prince. France also will delude us, as all the chief men of
the queen's ( oimcil are won for Spain, and those whom we
trusted are in disgrace. I conclude that for the rest of us there
can be nothing more perilous than the imion of Spain and
France.

As a remedy we must make another, and though of more
pieces and less jiowerful princes it will be good through alliance
with England, especially as Spain and Prance will not cease
to be jealous of each other. The alliance of Denmark will be
very useful, and to compose his difference with Sweden. It
is also good to kee{) up the friendshi)) with the States of Holland
and C'oimt Maurice, and break tlie truces to renew war in
Flanders, which Queen Elizabeth saw to be necessary to
consume the treasure and men of Spain.

It will also be necessary to make war in France tlirough the
Huguenots her malcontents. But it must appear that wc
desire to settle these mo\ements, to oblige the two kings, while
secretly fomenting them.

It will be necessary to make friendships in Italy, to di\'ert
the forces of the kings, particularly with the Venetians, who
are anxious about their alliance, as being neighbours of the one
and \ery far from help from the other. The Genoese are
equally apprehensive.

Abo\'e all Savoy must be won, affronted by losing the French
match. Through him intelligence with the Italian princes will
be easier. The marriage of his son to our princess will serve
much to bind the duke.

With regard to the princess we must consider what other
princes desire her. The son of the king of Poland is far away
and of little use to us iniless it be to stop the war of SAveden.
The Palatine is A'cry yoimg and of little use apart from his
pretension to the imperial dignit\', which is unlikely now the

252

elector of Saxony is dead. It is to he observed that Fraiiee's
desire for our alliance with the Palatine is to pre\'ent one with
Savoy. The advice of enemies is always suspect.

With Count Maurice there might be given as dowry tlic towns
we hold in pledge, with the title of count of Zeeland, to make
the union witli the United Provinces more secure. This
marriage A\ould not displease me, but it should be observed
that the count is such a near neighbour and ambition is so
powerful, that it miglit lead to risings in the kingdom where
malcontents are not wanting.

I come last to tlie king of Spain. C'oncei\ing that we arc
olTcndcd by the marriage with France, lie is trying to soothe us
by pretending to marry our princess. But he already has
sons, to whom those of our princess woidd be subject, and this
alone should bar the alliance. \\e should also be in the same
danger that Spain fears in gi\ing us a daughter, of one day
falling into their hands.

I grant that the C'atliolics of this country lieing numerous
with many who are Protestants more for sho^^■ than at heart,
it would be easy to stir up a dangerous rising against tlie king
and his cliildren, when succour from Spain to the Catholics
and malcontents would be easier with war in Flanders ; and
it is likely that, to conquer so important a kingdom, Spain
would favour such a plot. The Emperor C'liarlcs V and Philip
II always had an eye to tiiis, and a marriage alliance with
Spain would not restrain the king from such an enterprise.
The expidsion of tlie kings of Naples serves as an example,
and it would be more to be feared if our princess had sons.
It would also be necessary for her to declare herself a Catholic ;
a hard matter for our king.

Tile match which most pleases mc at present is that of Sa\oy
as the only way to bind us with the powers of Italy througii
his skill, and it would form a strong counterpoise to the kings
of Spain and P'rance, both of whom they fear. Although the
prince of Piedmont is a Catholic and Avould desire the jirincess
to be one, he is not so powerful as the kings and will be obliged
to keep in with us, and will not constrain her in religion beyond
what our king allows. The prince of Piedmont is of great parts ;
his brothers are grown up and equal to putting their hands
to the work, while the father is of great consideration in this
respect. If the princess goes so far from this country wc are
rid of the plan of the evil intentioned against her. The fact
of tlic French ambassador trying to prevent the marriage and
the .Spaniard cooling off after broaching the proposal is a sign
tiiat both are afraid it will liappen, and consequently that it
is likely to be very advantageous for the rest of us.

I think it behoves us to join with the princes of Italy or our
affairs will not go well, and tliat wc sliould marry the princess
either to Piedmont or to Count Maurice. In the former case
we can niarrv tiie Prince of Wales to Maurice's sister, who is

253

of age to have children ; if witli the second, we can marry the
prince of Wales to the elder daughter of Savoy, who though
a Catholic is of a sweet nature.
•i^ pp. Spanish. Misc. iv. 11-7.

|Df. VlLLIERSj HOTMAX to WlIJJAM TrUMBILL.

1612, March 11. Dusseldorp. — Has been asked by the
P. Palatine's people to forward the enclosed letters for M.
Edmondes. It is expected that he will press for the adminis-
tration alone. This dispute upsets those of Aix, who are
fearful of offending either prince, though tliey would seem to
lia\c more to hope from him of Heydell>erg than to fear from
Xeubourg, who is not recognised in this capacity by Matthias,
tlie Electors, the imperial towns or most of the princes of the
I^nion or foreign powers. Yet since as duke of Juliers he is
in part protector of their town they are ad\ised to place their
claims mildly before him and so gain time until May, the date
of the new election at Frankfort.

1 p. French, xxvii, 89.

Jonx Dickenson to William Trumbull.

lfillf-12], March 4 {endorsement]. — I received yours from
M. Wcsphenninck, who is so close to those who are not
Nuburgists that he will not let them know what he did at
lirussels : but his errand we know otherwise. I cannot belie\e
your archduke hath declared liiniself, for he desires to gi\e
offence to neither side. . . . We liear there is an accord to
be eonmmnicated to tlie two kings and the States \\ith entreat}-
to send Amb'''- to some place in these |)arts through whose
interxention it may be perfected. It will be good to gi\ e tlic
Saxon some contentment.

\Posiscript]. - Our I'alatine's substitute would lia\e liis old
master acknowledged in tiiese parts \'icar, l)ut the Alarquis
Ernest will })e better advised, for that would gi\e liim the
second place, which he cannot brook, ha\ing been first so long,
neither will his brother, the Electoi", condescend to it.

1 p. XXII. 27.

J. Beai:lieu to William Trumbull.

1012, March 5. Paris.— | Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii. ]). 345.]

2 pp. V, 12.

John Morp: to William Trumbitll.

1611[-12], March 6. London. — I have this morning to send
letters to the Hague, and beg you to excuse my l)re^'ity.

Every man of sense will admit that the project named in
your last is just, convenient and most useful, yet it cannot
be carried out here, botli for tlie feeling of the people, who will

254

never allow their circumstances to be known, for the liberties
of the country, which forbid the prince to raise taxes without
act of Pari*-, which as you Icnow consists of three estates.

Sir H. Wotton will leave for Savoy on Tuesday. The d. de
Bouillon will lea\e Paris 07i the 1 l-th, and about that time
Ct. John de Nassau will also leave with his Heidelberg colleagues.
God knows what fortune our master here will have in treating
Avith them, and if he should drop out. to which of our lords here
his Maj. could refer them.

I have part of your monev l)ut not all, for no payments are
to be made until half a year at least has passed.

I may go to the Hague at the end of the month, and if so,
will leave 40 or 50/. of your money with Monger.

II pp. French, xxxii, 21.

News Letter.

1612, IMarch 16. Heidelberg. — While the elector of Mayence
was cele))rating Easter tiiere an ambassador reached him from
the duke of Neubourg on the question of the vicarship. Not
being satisfied with the reply he had recourse to a protestation
and threats, so that the elector, in his annoyance, nearly had
him arrested, and actually dismissed him very roughly. This
Neubourg has caused the removal of a safeguard of the late
emperor from the gate of the abbey of Kasheim, to which it
had long been attached, because the abbot would not recognise
him as Aicar. He is not recognised anywhere else, as some
of the imperial towns are sending their deputies here and some
to Saxony, to the ancient vicar. It is thought that the gout
will prevent King Mathias from attending the meeting of
his Estates of Austria. His presence there is indeed very
necessary for there is fear of disturbance and of revolt in
Hungary through the intrigues of the Transylvanian and the
discontent of many. Pending the diet of Frankfort they say
that the king will not leave Nuremberg. He lias made the
duke of Brunswick chief of his council. He is taking into his
service some of the leading councillors of the late emperor,
who hardly ever advised him well and always gives too much
credit to Glozel, bishop of ^'ienna. The duke of Wurtemberg
has sent the Count of Hohenloe to him to offer condolences and
to make certain representations about public affairs and
possible union. There is some talk, though vague, about
levies in Bavaria and of another for the elector of Saxony, but
we do not yet know what it is.

I p. French. Misc. iv, 27.

ToBiE Matthew* to William Trumbull.

1612, March 8. Paris. — .4sking him to deliver a letter of
his servant Nicholas to lord Clifford. Mr. Yonge sends many
commendations and thanks.

1 p. XXX, 53.

255

Daniel Skynner to Wiixiaii Tri™bull.

1612, March 10. Antwerp. — I am instantly arrived and the
tide serving for Brussels send this only to cover the enclosed
wliicli I was rc(iiicsted to send you. At my coming from
London nothing was done in my clo. l)usiness the Lords not
having sat. I understand since my coming that 1 am hke to
be troubled here suddenly for the quadruple, which I know not
how I shall axoid until some redress come from England. If
in the mean time I should l)e tried, I hope per the appeal which
I presume you have made in my behalf some delays may be
made. I-et me increase my obligations for your ad\ice how
I am to deal in it. I made account to have come myself, but
hope to see you l\v the end of the week.

I p. XXXVI, 87.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1611[2], March 13. o.s. \'enice.- [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 347, except the following addition].

There is parted from hence this day in company of other
English gentlemen, a nephew of mine that came with me into
these parts, who is my elder brotiier's son and the first of our poor
family. I pray you to use him kindly for my sake. Another
of my company whom you know, Henry Monpesons* had a
desire to go with him, wliicli I would not yield unto, upon know-
ledge how ill a companion he hath l)een to him in my house,
to lead him ... to all lewdness. . . . Because my nephew
goeth first into Holland it may be they wiU meet at Brussels.
My desire therefore is . . . that you keep them so much as
you may asunder, and to send them into England, wherein he
that is nearest to me hatli promised to be nded by you.

3 pp. XV, 8.

Xews I,etter.
1612, March 13-23. Heidelberg.- The Marquis Anspacli,
legate of king Mathias is to arri\'e here to-day with 130 horse-
men. Anhalt came yesterday. The Ba\"arian having accepted
\accept.i] our decision as to the Mcariat replied that his dominions
did not march with ours. What he means I know not. He
is thought to have something important in \iew for he is training
liis troops severely. And Gelwoldus his councillor has published
a pamphlet that the Electorate of Tre\es does not belong to
the Palatinate of the Rhine l)ut to Ba\aria according to the
(iolden Bull. The pretext is most al)surd but may serve to
justify some attempt.

1 p. Latin. Copy. Misc. iv, 30.

Sir Raphe Wixwood to William Tritmbull.
1611[-2], March 16. o.s. The Hague.— [Printed in
Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 3 IS.]

2 pp. XLVii, 27.

* In eijilier. The elder limtlier is Jolin t'uiletcin,

256

[De Vii.liers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, :\Iarch 26. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 12th. We
are doubtful of the success of our Palatine's negociations in
Prussia, and of liis return here, for liaving been there so long,
it is probable that lie will come away with a footing or a refuge
{il en rapportera pied ou aisle). The Marcjuis Ernest holds his
estates at Duisburg, whither Dickenson will go, waiting the
arri\al of Buwinkhausen and d' Athenes who are going to the
assignation of Wesel, and we also hope to see the C*- of Hanau
and de Plessen on their way to England. They are to meet
Bouillon to go in (juest of your fair princess and if possible
settle the business.

}y p. French, xxvii, 112.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1611-12, March 19. Paris. — I have been in the country
for 10 days, and did not write last week. I now find yours
of 7th mentioning the arrival of Lords Dorset and Clifford,
and since have received another by this bearer, Mr. Peck, who
came two or three months too late for his purpose, being fore-
stalled by two other Englishmen, who by the ambassador's
means got a patent here for a like invention.

There are great preparations for our marriages, whereof the
day hath been respited till the 1st or 3rd April n.s. wherein all
the great ones, who favour the action, strave to exceed one
another in bravery, so that their charges are reputed to be
al)o^■e 200,000 or. Monsr. le Grand and the duke of Vantador
are newly arrived. Only the C'ondv and Soissons with their
aversions troulile the joys of these magnificences. The count
presently after their departure from hence came back to this
town, after they had met in his house in the country. But
the prince would not stir from his at \'alery. Since
Soissons' return the Q. hath used all means to pacify him,
and that specially by Bouillon's inter\ention. But he would
only be brought to promise that he would not stir from
hence before Tuesday, the day for the ceremonies, which
promise he hath not kept, for hearing by letters newly
come from Spain that the day did constantly iiold there
upon Simday 25th, and fearing that the Q. would correspond
thercimto, whereby he might be pre\ented and disgraced
(as he thought) by being here at that time, he departed
to Dreux, purposing to repair to his government. Conde,
staying meantime in his house, is to govern himself by the
count's resolution.

De Rohan, also upon pretence of his brother de Soubise's
illness, went to him in Brittany, with the Q's leave, who never-
theless conceived great dislike of his departure.

The defendants in these feats are the dukes of Guise and
Nevers, the prince of Joinvillc, de Bassompierre and de la
C'hastigneraye. Against whom the chief assailants are Conty,

267

the duke of I.ongueville, the chev'- de Guise, MM. de Vcndosme,
do Cliastillon and others.

The Q. fearing lest the choice of d'Espernon for Rome should
cause apprehension to the Protestants, is sending ^'endosme
in that commission, which they say now is only to thank the
pope for reconciling France and Spain.

Upon the nuncio's instance the bishops have censured Richer's
books, the censure to be read in all churches here, though the
same is in general, without designing particular points, and
with reservation of things concerning the Galilean C'hurcli.
The bishop of Beauvais only refused to subscribe on {)retence
that the judgment thereof belonged to him as protector of the
ITniversity.

It is rumoured from Germany that the duke of Saxe combines
with the three ecclesiastical Electors in making Archduke
Albert emperor, and the D. of Neuberg, to authorise liimself
in the Vicariate of the Empire, hath confirmed the ban against
Aix — \ery strange news to us.

By letters of 4th from the Electress Palatine Bouillon learns
that they have resolved to send the Count of Hannau to England
to prepare the way for the prince.

Don Roderigo Calderon wlio is to come with Spinola and
Counts Octavio and Bucquoy to your parts, doth give out that
from thence he is to go to England to give an account of the
marriages and to make a motion for the princess for the K. of
Spain. This we think Spanish artifice. It was said that
Spinola, passing tliis way, should have charge to perfect the
conditions of the marriages, but that commission is to l)e given
to the duke of Pastrana or duke of Medina Sydonia.

There has l)een a quarrel between Balagny and one baron
de Pie-Morin. The latter is since dead, and two who came to
part them were hurt. This as an open breaking of the edict
hath offended the Parlement, but the Q. will deal with it. The
enclosed for Madame de Rieux is from Monsr. de la Roquiniere,
newly retin-ned here after 6 or 7 months' absence.

3 pp. v, 13.

George [Abbott], ARcnnisnop of Canterbury, to
William Trumbull.

1611|-12], March 20. Lambeth. — Requests that inquiry
be made about John (ierard, Jesuit, a great dealer in the Powder
treason, who has resided in England ever since that time, being
secretly harboured. In the summer of 1609 he was in the
liOW Countries, at St. Omer's, Douai and Brussels. This last
was discovered by Sir T. Edmondes and reported by him to the
Lord Treasurer. But it is not known that Gerard was ever in
Italy, France or Spain. It is supposed therefore that for the
rest of the time he must have been in England. Information
is desired as to whether at any other time he has been in the
Low Countries, and liow long he was there in 1609, whence he

W;. 1216 Down. Ill— 17

258

then came, and whither he went on his departure ; also whether
he was ever at Milan, Rome or elsewhere in Italy. A declaration
was made of him in these very words — " At a solemn feast at
Bruxels about June or July 160!), at the Sacrament of Miracles,
Gerard and Baldwine were at evensong where the Archduke
and Archduchess were, and Sir Ciriifin Markham saw Gerard
with Mr. Baldwine standing by a pillar, and took acquaintance
of Gerard." If Markham is in Brussels, he is to be asked the
truth of the matter, and the time f)f Gerard's remaining in those
parts. " These things concern a service of very good
importance."

1 ;;. Seal. Misc. iii, 87.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1611|-12], March 21. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of
11th. The Protestants of Aquisgranc will use the D. of
Deux-Ponts' fa\our for settling their affairs l)y his vicarial
authority. I have read the copy of a letter which passeth under
the name of the Jesuit Gontier to the Rector of the Jesuits'
College at C'oleine, touciiing a bloody enterprise against them,
l)iit I do not believe that (iontier was the author, nor that it is
true. The magistrates of Colein need not turn out any more
Protestants, for the grant made by the ^larq : Ernest and our
Palatine's substitute will draw them apace to Mulheim. Our
Palatine has left Prussia. Two days since I returned from
Duisherg where the States of Cleveland are assembled. 1 dare
not affirm they will be more pliable now than in former times.
Langheberg's French pension of 600 cr. a year increasetii
suspicion of him. He says it was unsought and conditional
upon his ^Majesty's approval, but then it followeth tliat it was
proeiu'ed by Pcre Coton, with whom he privately conversed,
and makes him more suspect, though not to the Marquis Ernest,
who is a very good ))rincc.

1 p. XXII, 18.

William Blankes to William Trumbull.

1612, iMarch 22. Sedan. — Mr. Melvin tiic younger left here
last Tuesday for England. Botli he and I recommend that
y(jur son should begin to go to the college. If you agree,
subject to your approval I have found a Scotch friend who will
take charge of him to continue his studies. He is inclined to
pleasure and an eye should be kept on him especially in summer
because of the river. I beg you to enjoin him to obey and to
forbid him to go out of the town except with me or my wife.
Being at the college the boys will corrupt him if he has his
liberty. In a few days we expect our duke here : then I expect
to have more news.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 29.

239

H. BiLDERBECK to WlIJ.IAM TrUMRULL.

1612, April 2. Cologne. — I have been ill three weeks and
my life despaired of, but am now recovered. Your last is of 25
March and I thank you for it and for the declaration against
Vorstiiis. God grant that the States settle these differences
without prejudice to the will of (iod or the love of their friends.
MM. Dathenes and Buwinckhausen are here and are
leaving to-morrow for Wesel hoping to treat with Winwood there.
The duke of Bavaria is keeping his forces together. Matthias,
seeing that the estates of Bohemia and Austria arc on their
guard, has levied fresh troops. The estates of Austria and
Hungary ha^•e asked for his personal attendance. He is
detained at Prague by the gout. The duke of Brunswick is
said to be high in his favour. He has sent the baron de Polheini
to invite Brandenburg to Frankfort, but he has too mucli to
do in Prussia. The imperial towns were going to hold an
assembly at Worms, but have changed their mind since the
emperor's death, and will await the issue of the diet at Frankfort.
Saxony is holding an assembly of his Estates at Torgau, no
doul)t in part about Juliers and the treaty of Jutersbock, so
others should be on their guard. It now seems that the building
of Mulheim will go forward, which will not please the Messieurs
of this town.

S pp. French, viii, 108.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, March 24. Paris. — Mj- lo. requests your good offices
for my lo. Clifford, and I do the same for Mr. Beecher, Mr. Hues
and Mr. Brogden. I now ha\e yours mentioning the death of
the elector of CuUen. I will enquire of Mr. Hessens wiietlier
he has yoiu' packet. My lord desires particulars of the discourse
said to be imputed there to him. He is no maker of discourses,
but the truth is that some such tilings of other men's doing he
ma\ have had in liis liands.

i p. V, 14.

William Trumbull to the Secretary of State.

1611[-12], March 24. o.s. Brussels. — These quiet times
afford small occasion of writing and prove so much the more
barren in regard of the Archduke's indisposition who for the
most j)art since the beginning of Lent hath been constrained bj-
a strong fit of the gout to keep his chamber and a calenturilla
which assailed his weak body through tiie excessive pain of that
miserable disease. But now he is well recovered and resumeth
again his accustomed form of negociation, whereby our merchants
are put in hope that within a few days they shall see the issue
of their business about the admission or banishment of English
cloths, which hereto hath been held in suspense, the prince's
Council here ha\ing already consulted the same and made

260

report to tlic Archd. about 10 days since of that which in their
judgment is found the most convenient to be done both for the
public good of the people and the particular profit of their
Altesses. It is said that by debating the means of making
cloth in those parts, they do find it impossible to be effected
at this present for the reasons mentioned in my former letters ;
nevertheless, to straiten our trade as much as lieth in their
power, they are resolved to prohibit the vent of coloured cloths
made in England, and endeavour to have our merchants for the
contentment of the Flemings to 1>ring in their cloths by the
river of Antwerp.

They are also in travail with a new placard about the valuation
of their coins, the minute whereof I have seen, and as it is now
couched, cannot discern that it may in any sort be prejudicial
to his Ma^y more tlian in the forbidding of all men to transport
gold out of these countries into the dominions of any other
foreign prince or State whatsoever. The deputies whicli were
sent from Antwerp into Zeland to treat for the opening of the
Skeld are come back again, but we say here they are providing
great presents to corrupt some of the States of that Province,
and mean shortly to return thither and redouble their former
instance, notwithstanding that Flanders, fearing by that means
to lose their present trade, do vehemently oppose their pro-
ceedings. P. Xayen will begin his journey towards Rome
about the end of this montli. His commission is thought to
be for the inaking of a League among the Catholic princes, l)ut
he covereth it with the jn-etext of being employed about some
business concerning his Order. The Arciid. having obtained
an extraordinary agiust of 400,000 //■. from this pro\ince of
Brabant, laboureth now with those of Flanders for tlic procuring
of 1,000,000 ji., ai\d hath sent conmiissioners into Haynaut
and Arthois to mediate with them for the furthering of their
contingent after the same proportion. Don Louys de Velasco,
tlic general of the archduke's horse, is commanded to make
a journey into Luxembourg for the surveying and mustering
of certain troops remaining there in garrison under his charge
to the end he may be in a readiness to coimtenance the designs
of Spain in the election of a new emperor. The duke of Wirtem-
l)erg is much rejoiced of late by the birth of a young son.*
His amb''' here having disputed the justice of their Master's
title to the county of Montbeliard with the archduke's
commissioi\ers, arc now in deliberation to require him either
to surcease all future pretensions thereupon, or else refer tlie
matter to the arbitrament of some neutral and impartial princes
their common friends and allies. By my next your L. shall
know his answer thereunto, and whatsoever reason there is
to hope for any good success of their endeavours. At Antwerp
it is constantly reported that the Palsgrave of the Rhine hath

♦ Krederiik. Iiui-n 1") Mai-rli and died VI June.

261

remitted thither from Heidelberg 50,000 dollars towards the
expense of a journey which he purposeth shortly to undertake
towards England, though some others do affirm that those
moneys should ratiier be ordained for the count of Hannau who
is shortly to be sent tliither on an extraord. ambassage.

" The C'oad. of C'ullen is received by the Liegois for their
lawful prince with a general contentment and applause of the
common people and States of the countr\-. He hath sent the
baron of Requien to thank the archdukes for the demonstration
of their good will towards him, and the d. of Lorraine hath
likewise condoled with them for the death of the emperor by a
gentleman of his chamber called the baron of Oricourt."

2 J pp. Draft. Min. i, 80.

J[ohn] S[anfoed] to William Trumbull.

1612, March 27. o.s. Madrid. -I have yours of Feb. 17,
with the other chartels giving advice of Mr. Wake's business.
The l)est order my 1. can take to satisfy him is, upon every
payment from the king, to lay apart Wake's and Colford's
portions rateably pro tanto without noticing priority of date
of any libranfas, which as they are made equal Ijy the decret
by you sent, so shall their shares be proportionable, so that
they will agree thereto among themsehes, or else he is minded
to wash his hands of the business. The offer is now made to
Cawley to be paid in four fleets. This he refuses, seeking by
my lord's mediation to ha\'e it reduced to two fleets or three
at most. What a misery it is to li\-e at the mercy of Spain.
The complaints of our merchants from all parts of this kingdom
are infinite, and there is little redress. Mr. Giles Porter, who
liveth in my lord's house, hath lately received a sentence in
his l)usiness, but because he holdeth it to his prejudice for that
they have not adjudged him possession of the goods till his
right be tried, he means to give other [? over] the suit and
return iiome, and I think Cottington with him, who yet lives
in my lord's house, with little hope of his consulship. Spinola
is this day made a grandee, and Buquoy of the Toison and
Ct. Octavio governor of Coino. They are next week to set
forward for Brussels, and Don Rodrigo Calderon with them.
Pedro de ^uniga is made Marquis of Villa Flores, and to go
extraordinary to England. I hope your good parts and good
deserts by your faithful service will do better for you than
drive you out of Christendom into Kent.* Sir Dudley Diggs
is named as your successor.

[On back]. Extract of my L. Ambassador'' s letter of 28 March
1612, o.s. " For Mr. Calley's business there is order for the
payment of the principal upon the four first fleets, and I have
replied and demanded it in receipt, if they can agree ; otherwise
I will do for those I have cause, and leave the rest to their own
courses." [Signed] John Digby.

* His wife's county.

2G2

From Mr. Cottington, 8 April x.s. 1612. Mr. Calley is now
like to end his long suit and to be paid in three years upon three
fleets. Copy.

1| pp. Holograph, ivith extracts, xxxvi, 34.

Sir Dudley C'arleton to William Trimrull.

1612, March 28. Venice. — Since my last of 13 March our
piazza hath sounded of nothing more than of new collegations
betwixt Spain and his Majesty whom they will needs have to
bestow the Lady Elizabeth upon that king with condition that
she should presently change religion. . . . The spreaders of
this bruit . . . appear to have a design, e\'en in their
rumours, to procure to themselves a greater respect, whilst
they seem to l)e sought after on all sides and likewise to weaken
H.M.'s credit with his ancient alliances, with whom our
disjunction from Spain is one of our chiefest knots of friendship.

The Marquis Spinola's coming towards you with a supply
of forces I conceive hath two aspects to the affairs of Germany
where it appearetli that the king of Hungary being like to
carry the Empire, the Spaniards . . though they support
him, yet rejiresent imto him many terrors and difficidties
whereby, upon necessity of their help, they may make him
yield to haxe at the same time the Archd. Albert chosen king
of the Komans, and if both miss of children, a way will be
prepared for one of the princes of Spain. Now tliey have
France at their devotion they promise themselves the great
monarchy they have long aimed at. When they ha\e made
use of the French to this purpose (as we find the ministers of
that crown in all parts t(j help forward this chariot of aml)ition)
it is tliought there will l)e an end of that friendshij) ; the wisest
here being of opinion that the youngest shall not see the
consummation of any marriages betwixt those crowns, tiiough
here in Italy the Spaniards have made great demonstrations
of joy ... at the publication of the matciies. In the
mean time the French are generaUv decried for their poor
piece of policy, that to keep themselves cjuiet . . whilst the
king is in his nonage they give way to such a greatness as may
oversway him all his life after.

This week we have an agent of the Grisons sent from their
diet to signify their purpose of not continuing their league with
this state. . . Notwithstanding the luipleasantness of his
message these Signori received him with much demonstration
of kindness and made offer of defraying him, though he would
not accept. Since they have sent a secretary to treat with
those people for rejoining again ... as the wiser opinion
prevailed of those who, seeing what use that antimuro may be
to them against the Spaniards, resolved to lay aside respects
of honour. . . .

Here hath been of late an alarm by reason of bickering between
tiie C'remaschi and Milanesi . . which coming in conjuncture

263

with three other skirmishes betwixt the Turks and the subjects
of this state at Zara . . . would have affrighted these
Signori very much if tliey liad not at the same time received
fresh advice from Constantinople of the rupture betwixt the
Turk and the Persian.

The duke of Mantua hath sent hither the C'onte d'Arco to
condole on the deatli of the old duke, and Piero Gritti is being
sent to requite the compliment.

The Jesuits are much offended at the renewing of the act
against them . . . and the\' take most unkindly the manner
of publishing it in the chiefest piazza at a time when certain
clippers, coiners and other malefactors were proclaimed. The
reason is that these Signori have information from all places
of the ill offices the Jesuits do them, and that particularly they
have been marchanding a bargain betwixt the Archduke
Ferdinand and the king of Spain for Trieste and some other
towns confining upon this state, . . . showing tliat they
desire to liave this state ill neighboured.

3^ pp. XV, 25.

Sir John Dicusy to William Trumbull.

1612, March 28. o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of Feb. 17.
We now return you your Flanders gallants, all of them with some
new addition. Spinola eometh with all his money business
well dispatched, and as a Grandee. Bucquoy liath the
" Tuson " and his encomienda for his son and other slight
mercedes. Octavio ^'isconti liath the go^'ernment of Como in
the Milanese, so that omnes ex piscina reuersi sunt sani. Tliis
troop is increased l)y two extraordinary ambass'''*- which
accompany them to Brussels, Don Roderigo Calderon to those
Princes, and Don Pedro de ^unega, now Marques Flores d'Auila,
who goeth extraordinary to England. The cause of whose
sending and the election of his person I take to be these two ;
first, in regard of the favours he had in England, they think
he will be very welcome, and second, the chief reason of his
employment being to give an account to his Ma^y of the
marriages between France and Spain, the fault (they say)
not being theirs if the match for the prince with this king's
eldest daughter hath not been proceeded in ; for though it was
unproper for them in behalf of the woman to set directly sucli
motion afoot, yet Don Pedro is sent to aver this king's forward-
ness to hearken to any such motion propounded by his Ma*''.
And likewise that this king so far expressed his affection there-
unto tiiat he directed Don Pedro to use all means (not proceeding
to any direct proposition) to draw his Ma'y to make such an
overture. To which (they say) his Ma*'' hearkened so faintly
that they supposed it to be too much slighted by him. Yet
they held it fit to take this new resolution. And because
Don P. hath been the man by whom these businesses have
passed, they sent him to put his Ma*> in mind and justif\- these

particulars. He himself seemetli to be mucli displeased with
this his journey, it may be because he mistrusteth another
manner of reception than formerly, or else that he was on the
point of his marriage, he being contracted to a lady of the
Court, Donna Juana de la ^erda.

If he shall find no other propositions so far proceeded for my
La. Eliz. and there may be hope of her conformity, lie shall
then demand her grace for this king.

The emperor's obsequies have been performed in the
monastery de las Escalyas.

There is order to pay Galley's principal upon the first four
fleets, but I have demanded it in the two first. Let what is
written alicjut Don Pedro's coming to England rest \\'ith yourself.

3 pp. The last para, holograph, xxii, 121.

[William Trumbull] to the [Dukk of Wubtemberg].

1G12, April 7. Brussels. — The ambassadors of your Highness
ha\ ing done their utmost to convince the archdukes and their
Council of your rights over the county of Montbeliard and
seeing that they were only beating the air, had recourse to
arbitrament, as instructed. But with the counsel of MM.
of France, the United Princes of Germany and myself they
profited as little as b\' their previous efforts, although they
made suitable offers to mitigate all the differences between
your Highness and the archdukes. Nothing therefore remains
for me but to thank your Highness for your letter of the 18
Jan. and to assure you that my poor efforts will be as entirely
devoted to your service as if the matter touched the crown
of Great Britain. While the archdukes grow stiffcr in their
original pretensions, declaring that if you do not release to
them some portion of the lordships in dispute they will break
off the conference, to await opportunities which may present
themselves hereafter to their advantage, a ^'ery hard course
and prejudicial to your Highness and your subjects, yet since
they protest that their sole desire is to arrive at a good
agreement with your Highness, I suggest that if I had permission
to speak to them on the subject, having regard to the common
peace and to present circumstances, which seem to me greatly
to favour the adjustment desired, it might be worth your
Highness's while to try and find some other expedients to
satisfy the archdukes and to escape from tiiis difficulty, in
order to prevent the present conference from being barren
like the previous ones held in the country of Burgundy.

2 pp. French. Draft. Misc. iv, 34.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, April 7. Cologne. — I have yours of the last of April
[sic]. It is thought that Mathias will be elected emperor.
He was to be at Nuremberg on March 28 with 1200 horse.

•265

Wolf. William of Neuburg lias gone to Prague, expecting to
find Mathias there. Last Saturday the Commissaires of the
Administrator of the Palatinate have delivered their charge
before the deputies of the old Magistracy and the Protestants
[of AixJ. They now wait to know if the former will treat with
them. I think he will wait till after the Imperial Election.

1 /J. French, viii, 114^.

1612, Marcli 28. o.s. Wesel.— Treaty of AUiancc between
James I, king of Cireat Britain, etc. and John, Comit Palatine
of the Rhine and Administrator of the Palatinate ; John
Sigismimd, marquis of Brandenburg ; John Frederick, duke of
Wirtemberg ; Maurice, landgrave of Hesse ; George Frederick,
marquis of Baden ; John George, Christian, Louis, Rodolph,
Augustus, princes of Anhalt etc. [Printed in Dumont : Corps
Diplomatique, Vol. v, pt. ii, pp. 637-8.]

Copy. i\ pp. French. Misc. iv, 31.

Francis Cottington to William Tkumbull.

1612, April 8. N.s. Madrid. — As yet I ha\e gotten no
confirmation from this king though the business is now in
consulta . . . which they hold for a good sign . . . and
it somewhat alters my opinion that I should return to England
without going to Seville.

Don Pedro de Zuniga is leaving for England. He hath
16,000 ducats for an ayuda da costa and 2000 of yearly rent for
three lives. The conmion \'oice is that he shall tliere speak
something tending to a pretension of the Lady Elizaljcth for
his master . . . but I am of a direct contrary opinion and
that his errand is only to accjuaint his Maj. of the late marriages
with France and to add sometliing to sahe the disgust that
they know they have given, about the pretended matcli witli
us, especially as they find us very waywardly disposed. . . .

Mr. Calley is now like to end his long suit and Ijc paid in
3 years.

2 pp. XXI, J^7.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, April 8. Diisseldorp. — On Dickenson's return who
has gone to the assignation of Wesel, where Winwood has been
since Monday last, you shall know our news. I enclose letters
which de Bure left with me yesterday.

[Postscript]. — I send you copy of the Extraict of Heidelberg
and another copy for de Preaux. Show it to Beaulieu.

[Holograph^ — Salute the Wirtemberg Amb"^- I expect
Buwinkhausen in three days on his return from Wesel.

I p. French, xxvii, 113.

266

H. BiLUKRBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, April 9. Cologne. — The enclosed is from M. de Plessen
wlio left to-day witli the Count of Hanau for Holland, on the
way to England. Anspach lias arrived at Heidelberg as
ambassador of Mattliias. The four Evangelical Cantons have
decided at Aran to join the confederation of the United Princes.
I liear tluit Xeiil^erg has left Konigsl:)erg without having settled
anything.

i p. French, viii, 109.

J. Beauliku to William Trumbull.

1612, March 31. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, page 3.52.]
2f pp. V, 15.

John Tiiorys to William Trumbull.

1612, Ajjril 2. London. — My Lord Treasurer mends daily,
but that his feet and legs arc sore with the ulcers and holes
tlie\' have made in them to draw forth the water of his dropsy.
The lords were all with him last day. There was a great speech
that for certain Sir H. Ne\ille was sworn Counsellor, but it
proved not so. Four are named to be Secretary of State
altogether — Sir Thomas Edmonds, Sir H. Wotton, Sir T. Lake,
Sir H. Ne., but it is hoped my lo. will outli^ e them all himself.
There is a hotc bruit of tlie k. of Denmark's deatii anew, and
one merchant hatli a letter witli divers particulars to wit that
he was slain in a castle by his own man, though liy mishap,
that the states had established his son to succeed him, and
made choice of the king of England to be his protector. Vet
all this notwithstanding, it is not belie\ed. Tlie Lo. Treasurer
hath sent for tlie mercliant to examine the letter.

My Lo. of Dorset hath been with you and I hear nothing
from you of it. I learn that my Lo. Clifford and Mr. Beecher
found honest Mr. Trumbull, as always others have done, full
of courtesy, service and kindness. The Barons' and Baronets'
business was heard the otlier day, but is not ended. His Ma'y
heareth it himself.

Postscript. — The prince goeth to-morrow morning by live
of the clock to Hampton Court to his Ma*>'. The rain stayed
him this morning. They wiU be here both his Ma'^ and her
again God willing on Saturday. I spake with some since I
wrote the lines above that tell me my Lord Treasurer mends
so as they ha^■e hope that all danger is past certainly. The
pursui\'ants took a priest in the country, and the same morning
another in London, and this day 6 women are carried before
the Bishop.

If your leisure will ser\e you, write me word how the town
talks about Mr. Thwaits, a gentleman that I know not.
Di\ers write me news of my niece, mas V.M. no me scribe nadu ;

267

y muij grandes intercessiones me vienen liechas pur lal
casamiento. . . .*

I pray you send these letters to my motlier, or to Mr. Hol)soii.

II pp. Seal. Misc. iv, 32.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1612, April 3. Salisbury House, [Loudon]. — Tlie last from
you to my Lo. Treasurer were of 12th March, and to myself
of the .5th. The contrary tempestuous winds we have here
or your calm of busyness there, stayes (I suppose) your this
week's letters. . . . Not to leave your request in some sort
unsatisfied, I must say for Marbays, as all or the most here
will say that searched into his actions that he was in my Lord
of Canterbury's house, respected as a gentleman and a stranger,
tabled there, but lay at a lodging fast by of his Grace's appoint-
ment, who out of his gra^'e wisdom before he recei^'ed any
notice of his deportment in Flanders etc. set observers over
his common and even secret behaviour, made him be sifted by
discourse and questions farthest from his suspicion, and yet
(as his Grace from his own mouth deli\ered to Mr. Levinus
and myself) could never discover in him ill condition, dissinni-
lation or other corruption, till confronting him witli his
accusations in writing, he found him onlj' extremely transported
with passion and depth of despite against his accusers, altogether
unanswerable to his profession of con\ersion. He laboured
exceedingly not only by his stud}', but by petition to my lord's
grace, that he might answer in print, as he did in writing the
calumnies (as he called them) of his adversaries, but when his
Lo. saw he staggered so much to prove or disprove some things,
and coidd not produce but words to clear himself of that
" maymest," though indeed (in appearance) unsoimdest
accusation concerning the last French king, his Lo. signified
unto him how sensible the state here would be of such
an accusation, if he could not avoid it with better proofs than
yet he had alleged ; whereupon he desired leave to go into
Holland, where he had left his books and papers, and from thence
he would rather undertake a journe\- of purpose into Languedoc
than suffer such a scandal to hang upon him, and so he left us
with no farther impression against him than that as he might
be a man worthily to be suspected, so it had been uncharitable
to have directly censured him, punished him or detained him
when his adversaries were not heard but by their letters and him-
self might have their malice for either their private respects, or
his public defection from a religion that hates what is not theirs,
and will not spare to compass both sea and land to make one
proselyte. He produced some letters even from his principal
accuser, Mr. Tserclais written to him two or three years since
before his conversion, in which he giveth him no other name

* Vou writt' iiif iioUiiu;^ and I aiu stilicited sti'uugly f*jr sucli a luatcli.

268

than Nicolas de Marbays, an argument that as long as lie was
amongst them they questioned not his descent. This is all I
can say, and for the originals or transcripts of those attestations
which you desire to liave returned, I must entreat you to pardon
me, being taken notice of and disposed in place where it were
^•iolation of my duty and reposed trust to remove them. And
I'or the use you say the parties would make of them for the
couching of a crimina|l] process that should follow him into
HoUand, besides that it may seem inifit for those that hold
the same faith that he pretendeth (whether with colour or
sincerity leave that to God) to arm liis and our soul's enemies
they may fetch the like from the same fountain if they fall
materially from their purpose.

[Postscript]. — P^or those rarefies you write of as fit for his
Highness' notice I am called u])on by the gentleman that
imparted your note ; so the sooner you send a resolution of
them the better, while the appetite is up, which you know is
lessened with overmuch expecting.

My lord . . was ncAcr in better hope. I may say, assurance
of full recovery.

3 pp. Misc. IV, 33.

De Groote to William Teumbull.

1612, April 4 [endorsement]. Saturday evening. — I did not
find my neighbour to induce him to change the meeting, liut
he lias just been here to tell me that the mistake he made was
througli ignorance. He said he did not understand that any
one besides your ad\"ocate was to meet his and thereupon the
note was sent which you have seen. He was induced to take
tliis stc]) because at tlie last conference you had declared that
you woidd not give a jiatard for tiie improxements. At this
I stopped him and said that lie had misunderstood you seeing
tliat you had assured mc that, having wai\'ed the point of
ow^nership, you were ready to giv'C him satisfaction for any
outlay he could show he had made for the benefit of the
franchise. Upon this we agreed to go and see you to-morrow
morning to renew the appointment and to assure you that the
incident of to day arose from a misunderstanding.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 35.

The Advocate Notre to Mons. Timon, advocate.

After consideration of the matter and the pretensions of
Samuel Malapert we are of opinion that these pretensions
cannot be admitted, seeing that no offer has been made from
his side in response to what was proposed from ours ; on the
contrary, he went away. Our advice is to await justice, to
answer thereupon before their Highnesses. You may, if you
})lease, make a rejoinder to our answer.

I p. French. Misc. iv, 39.

269

John Chandij:r to William Trumbull.

1612, April 5. Antwerp. — On my return I am advised by
my friends to procure Lettres de seurete de corps out of the
court of Brabant for six montlis. My case lieing known to you,
that is the occasion of my non-payment and giving satisfaction
in respect of the sums which Diego Lopez Zuero oweth to me,
whose means he in the king of Spain's hand, I would request
you to employ your endeavours for me for the procuring of
letters to the same purpose, instructing some solicitor of those
Courts with the reasons fitting to ground the memorial. The
money you shall disburse shall be reimbursed by Mr. Wake.
If I were free, I would \isit you at Brussels, but it is good to
walk in security. The last news when I was in England was
the falling out between Montgomery and Ramsey whicla had
like to have j)roduced lamentable effects, if it had not been
])rcvented by some honourable personages. The circumstances
have been debated before the king and the lords of the Council,
and Ramsey is committed to the Tower. Montgomery for
taking the bob and doing his endeavours no better noted of
cowardice, and disgracefully spoken of both in Court and
Country.

The lingering sickness of the L. Treasurer and small hope
of liis recovery hath caused some to suppose that ere long
there will be two j^rincipal secretaries made — Sir H. \e>ill and
Sir T. Lake, whicli may come to pass even if the Lo. Treasurer
recover, to ease him of the burden imposed by that place.

I would know what success Mr. Kendrick's solicitation is
likely to receive aljout the staple of cl|otli] in this town, for
if the same take effect, it will interrupt Mr. Monger in his trade
to Lilo, whereas if he liad a little advertisement Ijeforehand, it
would give him a little time either in making ]:)rofit or j)reventii\g
loss. Therefore I would desire you to give Mr. Monger know-
ledge hereof by the very first. The enclosed was delivered to
me addressed to you.

1 understand the letter of tlie Court will cost 24 guilders.

2 pp. XIX, 17.

H. BlLDERBECK tO W^ILLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, April 15. Cologne. — I have yours of 10th. Your
Archdukes are scheming more and more in our State. We
liear that Spinola will not leave Spain until he sees how matters
tend about the Election to the Empire. It is most certain that
Spain and France want a universal peace, l)ut one which will
satisfy the pope. No doubt Albert would like to be emperor.
The House of Austria seem to hold openly that the empire
should be hereditary for them. At the moment there is calm
throughout the empire. Mathias is still kept at Iglau by gout.
He has sent for the Austrian deputies, and means to go to
Frankfort.

270

On the proposal of the Princes Possedants the States of
Cleves, Mark and Ravenspiirg, assembled at Duisborg, have
voted 100,000 rix dollars. Their Court will start for Cleves
to-day.

The lords of this town have lately published patents against
the building of Mulheim as being contrary to their pri^■i^eges.
They are determined to prevent the place being transformed
into a town and have sent to the Hanse towns to inquire how
it may be prevented and have forbidden their citizens to l)uild
there or sell building materials for it.

2\pp. French, viii, 110.

C. DE CiENEVK, Baron de La Bastie, to His Majesty's
Agent at Brussels.

1612, April 15. Garbescque. — Gratitude for favours
received ; regrets not to have had more particular corres-
pondence. Was so solitary o^'er there that but for Trumbull
wovdd have been without news of what was passing. Will
not fail to report this to his Highness, his master. Is recalled
in a day or two and unable to say adieu, his service not even
having permitted him to see any of his relations. Will always
cherish the honour of Trumbull's acquaintance.

P.S. — Has asked this gentleman to learn from Trumbull the
day appointed for the imperial diet, and other particulars.

1 p. French. Signet. Misc. iv, 40.

De Groote to William Trumbull.

1612, April 16 [endor.sement]. Monday afternoon. — This
morning Sieur ^'erme^den came liere and gave me the attached
paper touching his improvements. Although I pointed out
that, by yesterday's an-et, it would have been better to specify
the particidars or grounds of his claim, he said he would like
you to see his demand, and if you wish it at greater length he
will do it, but it cannot be today because he is sending his
son to Italy. He ga\'e me his original patent to show you,
but on condition that I should not let it go or allow a copy to
be taken. That is why I ask you to alloAv me to ))ring it for
you to read to-morrow morning, as I am engaged after dinner.

A friend of mine asks me for a model or drawing of the way
the garter is tied on the royal arms of the king of Great Britain.
Although 1 have seen it a million times I am such a bad
draughtsman that I coiild not oblige him. I beg you to let me
have some pattern and promise faithfully to send it back.

1 p. French. Seal. Misc. iv, 36.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, April 6. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 354.]

2 pp. v, 17,

271

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, April 8. Vlushing. — I hope you have received the
three letters you sent me and the placart of our States l)y
which they bind the Jesuits and others upon conditions for
their too frequent rejjair to these Provinces. At the Hague I
hear the Chief Officer there hath already made a pretty profit
to begin withal in the execution thereof.

You shall have the very words of a letter even now recei\ed
from England.

My Lo. Treasurer — God be thanked — is so well recovered
that very often the L. of the Council assemble at his house,
where it appears that his memory, courage, spirit and judgment
is the same as it was. The Persian Amb'' is upon his despatch.
H.M. deals very royally with him in giving him means to carry
liim back. Some merchants adventure to Persia by sea upon
the confidence they have of his honesty that they shall make
it a gainful journey, and Sir Henry Thyne that was prepared
to go to Guiana will now also into Persia, hoping to make tliat
more profitable than the other.

The baronets stood to have place before Viscoimts' and
l)arons' younger sons. The question was often handled before
the king, and it is sentenced that they shall not precede tlie
sons of barons.

The duke of Bullion is expected in Easter week, and Charter-
house is provided for him. I hear there is an offer of marriage
made for the prince with a sister of tlie duke of Florence whose
father left him a huge portion, liiit I trust we shall not match
\\ith any Papist.

1 p. XXXIX, 4G.

Samuel Malapert to William Trumbull.

1612, April 9. London. — Thanks for kindness in the affair
with Hans ^'ermeulen. Describes Vermeulen's demand for
meliorations done by him upon the house and barns as dishonest.
Mr. de I>abarre at Bryne le Compte, a miller within tlie land
and house, told him that Vermevden incurred no cost or charges
but such as he was ordered to do by the commandment of the
archduke. He demands more than half the worth of it for it
yields but 17/. sterling a year. Asks Trumbull, if he do not
come to the sum of 10/., sterling, to procure sentence against
him. Would that he might have never a penny by reason of
his dishonest proceedings.

yPosUa-ipi\. — I.abarre mentions his reception at Bryne le
Compte for the Archdukes and afore Vermeulen did enjoy the
same. Labarre hath many years received the rent for the
princes.

\ sheet. Seal. Misc. iv, 38,

272

William Trumbull to the [Archbishop of
Canterbury].

1612, April 9. Brussels. — According to the contents of your
grace's letter dated 20 March last past I have cndea\'oured to
call to my remembrance the time of Gerard's being in these
countries, and do confidently assure your (irace that in the
year 1609 or near thereabouts, as it is mentioned in your L.
said letter, the above mentioned Gerrard was in this town and
was lodged here (I take it) at the Jesuits' College with Baldwin,
and frequented, and was feasted at, the English monastery.
He went hence (if my memory do not much deceive me) by
the disguised name of F. Francis, and as your I^. hath truly
observed, was met by Sir G. Markham in Sancta Gudule's
Churcli at a solemn feast of their idolatrous sacrament of
miracles (in the company of Baldwin) which is aniuially
celebrated on the 22 July new style, where the said Sir G.
Markham did accost him, and would fain have conferred with
him, but Gerrard to show his Jesuitical arrogance and niceness,
did shim him as much as he could, whereat Sir Griff, being much
scandalised, made complaint thereof to myself at our next
meeting, and said that he wondered much at the carriage of
Gerard whom heretofore he had familiarly havmted and favoured
and a little before his coming out of England had presented him
with a very good gelding. Shortly after the time above-said
(as it was commonly reported in this place) Gerrard went from
liencc to Douay to visit some good Apostles his friends and
afterwards proposed to repair to Liege and the confines of
Germany where he coidd better settle liis abode. But I do
verily believe (if he be not at St. Omers, whereof I see no
appearance, that he is ever since lurking in England, because
the same year there were divers Jesuits shipped from Dunkirk
for the port of London. And I cannot vet hear that since
the same time Gerrard hath been seen or heard of in these
countries. Sir (iriff. Markham in March 1610 put himself
into the service of the Possidant Princes of Juliers and Cleves,
and is at this present wth the Palatine of Newbourg in Prussia.
As soon as he shall return to Dusseldorp I will (if it be your
(irace's pleasure) write unto him for a relation of that he can
attest concerning Gerrard, and in the meanwhile bestow my
best and straitest endeavours to discover the circumstances
specified in your L. letters, as my next shall witness and in
all things else most readily employ my small talent to do your
Grace any other service which ma\' fall within the compass of
my poor ability. Fa. A. H. the Jesuit and Baldwin's successor
went from hence towards St. Omers about the beginning of
Lent, and not being yet returned hither, it is conceived (not
without reason and great probability) that from hence he is
slipped into England. Some new book is said to be there upon
the press, but of what su))ject I cannot yet learn. Here is

27S

lately arri\ed a Scottish Jesuit from Douay* with letters from
the king of Spain to the Archd. for the erecting of a seminary
of his nation in that University towards the maintenance
whereof there is given a yearly pension of 3,000 cr. or
thereabouts.

It would grieve the heart of any subject well affected to his
Ma'y to see the daily concourse of besotten English which
flock hither to the harlot of Babylon and her jingling priests
which inconvenience if it be not timely prevented will redound
to the great prejudice of his Ma'^ and his dominions. So
careful is Spain to nourish those vipers which one day, if the
hand of Providence do not prevent their practices, will he the
ruin of their native country. I presimie herewith to send your
Grace a couple of pamphlets newly brought hither from the
mart at Frankfort, not for any matter of moment contained
in them, but because they concern our countrymen, and by the
diligence of this messenger I hope they outstrip the rest which
may come by other means to your L. hands.

2 pp. Draft. Min. i, 116. "

William Trumbull to the Secretary of State.

1612, April 9. Brussels. — Right honourable etc. After
nuich deliberation what should be done in this business of our
mercliants concerning the vent of their cloths in these Pro\inces,
tlie Archd. hath resolved upon the arrest whereof I send your
I., an aijstract here enclosed (not being able so soon to receive
an authentical copy hereof) as it was dictated to me, by one
who hath seen and read it three or four several times over.

I will endeavour these liolidays either to get a double of the
said arrest, or to see the original signed with the Archd. hand ;
and with my next (if a friend do keep touch in his promise)
send your L. the informations whereof there is mention made
in my former letters, touching the undue transportation of
wools into the ports of Flanders.

On Wednesday the first of this month the Arclid. ga^^e
audience to a certain Scottish Jesuit (whose name I camiot yet
learn) sent hither from Douay with the king of Spain's
mandatory letters for the erecting of a new seminary in that
place to train up students of the said nation in the superstitions
of Rome, for which service, as I understand, there is a yearly
allowance or pension given them of 3,000 cr. or thereabouts.
The same day Father Nayen began his holy journey towards
Rome, and from thence, as I hear, will pass into Spain to
persecute all those strangers that have participated in the
bringing in of counterfeit quarters into those kingdoms.

These princes ha\"e again sent the C". of Furstenberg to the
electors of the Empire (as it is said) to assure them that at this
time they and he will not pretend anj- other things for himself

• Father Cristick. Tiumliiill to Salisbury. May I.'?, 1012. S.P. Flanders,
Vol. X, f. 182: hut called Rolicrt Scott iu Diafl'V's letter of 24 February alxive.

\Vt. 1218 Down. 111—18

27-I-

upon this Imperial dignity, but only recommend his l)rother
k. Mathias to their favours. Within 14 days after Easter they
are resolved to witlidraw themselves to Marimont and there
to spend the greatest part of this summer in their wonted
recreations.

C'oimt Ridberg beiiig menaced by the landgra\-e of Hesscn
with an invasion of his town because he hath not recei^■ed the
fee tliereof in such form as is agreeable to the customs of the
Empire, hath had his recourse to the protection of the Archdukes,
who have furnished him with a good engineer called Rompero,
some quantity of anmiimition and two companies of footmen.
And it is also reported that his brother, the Count Christopher,
who is gone towards Friesland, hath commission from hence
in case Ridberg should be besieged, to bring greater succours
out of the Archdukes' garrisons beyond the Rhine for his
defence. They do much appreliend that the landgrave of
Hessen shall be supported in this business l>y the States of the
United ProAinces, and have therefore written to the Ecclesi-
astical Electors for the composing of their differences by amiable
and fair means.

All our present discourse is of the sending of Don P. de
Zuniga into England on an extraord. ambassage, which these
men will really have to be for the making of strict alliance
between liis Ma'>' and the king of Spain. It is said that Don
Rod. Calderon shall not now come liither to condole with the
Archd. for the death of the emp"^- by reason that his Alt. did
formalise liimself and complain thereof very seriously to the
Sp. ami)'- resident in this Court, alleging that it would be a
great disparagement to his honour in a compliment of that
gra\ity to be \isitcd only by a man of no greater place than
tlie said Calderon. who l)ut a while since was page to the duke
of Lerma.

The amb''*'- of Wirtemberg, having long disputed tlieir
Master's title to the county of Montbeliard and the controverted
lands depending thereupon, are resolved tiiis day to send Mons'-
Buwinkhausen to Stucgard, to inform their master of the
success of their negotiation and to receive his pleasure whether
they shall offer any composition to the Archd. or break off their
present conference. I send your L. herewithal a project made
b\- Wuikers for tlie reglement of the Archd. coins, the new
placard for the valuation of their moneys being as yet held in
suspense.

3 pp. Draft. Min. i, 117.

John Frederick, Duke of Wirtemberc;, to
William Trumbull.

1612, April 19. Stutgart.— Thanks Trumbull for advancing
his affairs with the Archdukes, and for assisting his Councillor
Daniel Buwinckhausen de Wollmerrede,

J p. French. Misc. iv, t2.

275

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, April 11. Vlushing. — Yesterday the count of Hannow
arrived here and within two hours embarked for England.
He is anib'' of the Administrator of the Palatinate, and his
errand touches the match between the Lady Elizabeth and that
Prince. The count tells me tliat tlie Palatine will follow him
by mid June. I trust this will end the Spanish practices. Yet
do I not doubt but that they will tack about upon our border
or elsewhere to assail us. God make us vigilant.

[Postscript]. — I am entreated by a friend to help him to a book
in Spanish called or written by one Don Coidxetto de la Mancha ;
they say it is to be had in your parts or at Antwerp.

1 p. XXXIX, 47.

J. Beaulieu to the Same.

1612, April 11. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorkds,
Vol. iii, p. 355.]

2 pp. V, 18.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], April 13. The Hague. — The first part
of this letter is printed in Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii,
p. 357. There follows :

We have had here a great christening at Arnheim of Count
P^^rnest of Nassau's son,* who married the duke of Brvuiswick's
daughter, niece to Iier Ma*''. Sir Ed. Cecil was sent over to
represent our prince, whose present was a fair cupboard of
gilt plate, a fair chain of diamonds with a rich jewel, a fair
cml)roidered petticoat for the mother, and there are yet to
come two ambling nags with a rich saddle and furniture ; in
all toward 2,000/. sterling. The States were also godfathers
and gave the child 100/. st. pension.

3 p. XLVii, 51.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, April 23. Cologne. — Please forward the enclosed to
the ambassador de Plessen. At Frankfort they are preparing
lodgings for the electors. The old Palatine of Neul)urg means
to go as Vicaire, but I think he will find very few to recognise
him as such. Brandenburg's coming is doubtful.

1| pp. French, viii. 111.

.John Thorys to W^illiam Truaibull.

1612, April 16. s.v. London. — I am the forgotten, not
you : for Mr. Trumliull hath or might have seen many of mine,
and some large ones, and e\'en when I looked to hear wonders
of the acceptance of my laboiu's unaccustomed, I was fain to

* Heniy Casimir, son of Erncsl f'Msimir. count of Nassau Diotz and liis wife.
Sophia llcdwig, ilauglitei- >>\ Heniy Julius, duki' of Brunswkk.

276

read complaints. So gocth the world, and especially my
fortune. And for more spite not a word that ever I could hear
of my lord of Dorset's being in Brussels. If I liad but had
five days' warning, I would iia\e been there purposeh', l:)ut
indeed that you could not do ; yet had you done what you could, I
might have done what T did not, to wit, found him in some part
of the liOw Countries, at least in Holland. Sed ad rem. News
you would have, but there is none. What we hear of France,
you must needs know better. About the protest that Mons"'-
do Rohan hath committed and the queen will have freed, or
will send the canon : by which petty broils the duke of Buillon's
coming is put of|f] long. Yet the French Amb"' here saith
all the matters are accommodated and shall not any whit hinder
Buillon's coming. The king of Denmark's death so long reported
pro^•ed false ; he was only endangered b\- falling into a ditch
full of snow over which he thought to have leaped with his
horse, being pursued by three or four horsemen of the enemy's
troops : but he escaped safely and is very well. Mr. David
Ramsey is gone to Scotland to raise 1,000 Scotsmen for the
Danish wars. The Amb"^ of the Palatin, Count Hanhalt,
kinsman to the prince of Anhalt, arrived yesterday. My lord
Chandoix received him at Gravesend. The match with Florence
for the prince of Wales is little spoken of. The king and my
lo. treasurer something affect it, but not the queen, and the
prince is held to be no way pleased witli it. My lord treasurer
mends daily, and some days together the speech hath gone
current that all danger is past. Yet the king and queen being
witli liis lo. tliis day, when the queen (who now is gone to
Hampton Court to stay tlierc some say till after St. George's
day a good while, and that the king followeth her Ma*>' to-
morrow, l)ut returns next Saturday) took her lea\ e to be gone
to Hampton Court, he would needs take a long lea\e of her
Ma'>, saying he should see her no more, as being out of thought
that he shoidd endure till her return. Howbcit his physicians
hope well. The prince lost a supper at the running at the
ring these holy days, which is to be paid this night, and the
gentlemen that won the jewel, being worth some 500 crowns,
bestow the same upon one of some seven ladies, to whose lot
it will fall, putting their names into a hat, as valentines, and
they that lose the jewel, shall have every one of them a kiss for
their money ; and so buonas nodes. These ladies are the
lady of Essex, Cramborne, Windsor, Stanhope, Dudley and two
more. If I had more, more should you have. Take this
patiently and let me see who is forgotten, for I have not seen
a line of yours this ten weeks, but on the top of that letter in
answer of whicli this enclosed doth go, having a cover of yours
which was welcome to me even for the remembrance of him
whose name it carried without instead of the inside. Because
you pleased to recommend it, I dare be so bold as to recommend
this, being entreated to send to you by Harry : tliese are tokens

277

from sisters and kinsfolk. Little is the value, but great tlie
kindness, and much would be the sorrow if they miscarried,
as in your hands they cannot. And my thinks I cannot get
them from you, yet I must.

[Postscript in another hand].— Good Mr. Trumbull, send the
enclosed presentlj- to Mr. Hobson. They concern my niece
Mary Wood about the marriage business and my mother. He
may also deliver the other if you please to send them to him.

2 pp. Misc. IV, 41.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, April 17. Vlushing.— I liad yours of 9th on the 14th
by Mr. Alberv. I return your enclosure. The Holland news
you will know from Sir Edward Cecil. I heard from P^ngland
on Monday. They say that Caron, the States' Amb'', had
told the king touching \'orstius what Winwood had written,
that he should be confined to a place in Holland called
Worchum |?] for a year and a half, and in the mean time should
answer all things written against him, which if he could not
do, he should be banished. Tiic K. accepted that answer of
the States, though he thinks they might have done much more,
but that reason why he should not now be banished, which
was alleged by Mr. Barnevelt, that no country nor state now
if he were banished would receive him, hath very much distasted
both them and his Council. Not much will be done by us in
that liusiness. I camiot hear that the d. of Bullion hath landed
in England. There is some doubt of his coming at all. Lord
Lisle writeth that we need not now fear the coming of Pedro
de Zuniga, for that he assureth himself that the Lady Elizabeth
will ere long be settled in (icrmany. Great preparation is
tnaking at the Hague for the reception of the Palatine, who is
expected about the middle of June.

1 p. XXXIX, 48.

Monsieur de Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1612, April 27. The Hague. — Requests him to hand to Mr.
Mierbeech the enclosed as a reply " to the letter sent by you
on his behalf to his Excellency, who is gratified by your letter.
He asks who you were. I told him all I knew, adding that you
would certainly do all you could to serve him. His Excellency
said I do not know him but asked me to thank you. I will
inform of any news here."

1 p. French. Seal. Misc. iv, 37.

J. Beaulieu to W. Trumbull.

1612, April 18. Paris. — [Printed in Wimvood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 358.]

2 pp. v, 19.

278

Sir Joiix Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, April 18. o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of March 23
and 24. Don Roderigo Calderoii and Spinola have received
fresh order to begin their journey j)resently, and are gone
this day. The cause was a rumour that King Mathias
was dangerously sick. Whereas }ou write that they will be
loth in Flanders to put their discontented soldiers into the
field for fear of mutinies, they ha\^e here taken order for the
redress thereof, having remitted 500,000 ducats for the old
del)ts. Don Pedro is still here. . . . The prince of Savoy
is suddenly commanded to repair to his charge and is to reside
at Denia, wliere he shall recei\e the standard and the Galley
Royal shall remain. It is thought he will not be permitted
to return to Court. It is thougiit a rigorous course to dispatch
him so near the coming of the duke of Maine, in which as a
prince nearest allied he was determined to lia\c been a principal
actor. Lerma is the chief cause of liis remo\e and clearly
hath no affection to that house.

For tliis king's marriage tliere is great working for a sister
of Florence. Some suppose Lerma will hinder the king
marrying, all lie can.

The duke of Useda is shortly to marry again a daughter of
the marques de Pliego, sister-in-law to the duke of Cordova.

They are somewhat offended at a union between the
Protestant Princes of Germany and liis Ma'^. They rejoice
at his dislike to the States for maintaining \'orstius.

Concerning the marriage of our princess I am " little
favourable to it, being very ill groiuided and upon false principles
as the present aspect of Christendom now stands. Though I
must likewise tell you that we are now so straitened that 1
fear we shall rather follow necessity tlian election."

Calley and Colford are the only ones interested with the
original debt. The rest, as Maggioli and Roulans, are only
interested as creditors of Calley and not of this king. \or
will I nor would I have you trouble about them. As for Wake,
it being part of Colford's debt, if Colford agrees, it may be
assigned upon the payment, which will be in the first fleet. I
intend Calley and Colford to recei\e their moneys proportionably
without priority. Let the latter know I will be careful to see
right done to him.

3 J pp. XXII, 122.

John More to William Trumbull.

1612, April 18. London. — I send this after H. Balam. At
my departure hence tt)wards Wesel I sent Mr. Mujiger for you
40/., leaving also cash to pay such bills as you charge on me
in my absence. I ha\e now also delivered 32/. to Mr. Quester,
and will pay the rest of your entertainment remaining in my
hands to whomsoever you appoint.

270

Tlic L'' Treas"' is recovered, eats ami sleeps well, and often
takes the air of his garden.

The Count Hanhot with Du Plessen and Uathenes arrived
here from the Elector Palatine on Monday. They attend the
due de Bouillon, who will not he lierc till mid May. You will
know of Rohan's comportment at St. Jean d'Angely. Mv 1.
anib'''»- excusing himself from the fiancailles at Paris is very
highly connnended. Our League lately concluded at Wesel
is for six years, we to assist them witli 4,000 and they us with
2,000 foot, or as nnich money as will pay such a supply at the
choice of the assistors.

The Floreiitine* now prosecutes the match between our
prince and their daughter more hotly tlian ever. There is a
rumour that Don Pedro will demand our lady for his master,
but they must make haste if she be not bespoke before his
coming. We expect the yoinig l'alsgra\'e here next month by
way of Holland. We sliall surely have a Pari'- in XoNcmber.
Our men for the X.W. passage ha\e taken their leave.

We shall tliis term have a lottery for Virginia, for which
Mr. Bingley invites nic to his book, where I shall perhaps
presume to put you to a costly hazard of .'5 or 4 crowns.

2 pp. Seal. XXXII, 35.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, April 29 |?], Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 9th and
16th. I communicated yours to Dickenson, who does not
write as W^inwood is doing so, and he has not obtained a copy
of the treaty of Wesel. There is talk of levies in Ba\aria but
not much sign of it. There is to be an assembly of Ecclesiastics
at Mayencc, to which our new Elector of Cologne is bidden,
and there has been at Worms a meeting of tiie " Anzeatic "
towns to which the Cologners have complained of our building
and fortification at Mulheim, but I think the princes, who are
deeply committed in honour, will go on with it, simply for
defence against Cologne.

The Heidelberg commissioners were to arri\"e at Aix the day
before yesterday to authorise the new election of the Magistral,
the former having refused to conform to our treaty. They will
be opposed by those of Neuburg, who have sent Dr. Marcel
to protest against anything done to the prejudice of the Mcariat
of Neuburg. King Mathias finds himself without a competitor.

1 p. French. Seal, xxvii, 114.

William Trumbull to |? the Secretary of State].

1612, April 22. Brussels. — Although I have done all possible
diligence to receive a copy of the Arciiduke's decret touching

♦ Andrea Cioli. one of the Grand Duke's secretaries, sent to propose his sister
Catherine. Venetian Calendar, Vol. xii, pp. 318. 327.

280

our English cloths vented in his Pro\inces*, yet have 1 not
been able until this hour to prevail in my said desire either
for love or money. And the causes of their reservedncss arc
thought to be two, first the Archduke's irresolution, which
perhaps may move him hereafter to change his present oj)inions,
and secondly the wilfulness of a greffier of the Finances, who
hath the custody of that paper and is so limited in his courses
as he wiU not do anything of moment without special warrant
or commandment from his master. I will nevertheless contimie
niv endeavours to procure a double of the said dead, together
with the informations about the wools, and be mindful to send
them to your L. with all possible care and expedition. The
strange proceedings of the Archd. with his Ma*''** subjects
will undoubtedly prove very hurtful unto them, as well by the
example itself which other princes maj' imitate, as by the
abridging of our trade, which will much decay if this mischief
be not timely prevented, for they do not aim alone at the
banisliing of our cloth out of these Provinces, but also at the
debarring of our merchants here, and the deposing of oia-
wools, and the making of a staple here to furnish Spain and
divers other parts of Europe with great quantities of that
manufacture. Your L. as a cuiuiing and experienced physician
can best see wliat remedy is to be ajjplied to this dangerous
sickness. But our merchants presuming to have some know-
ledge in businesses of this nature propose as antidotes to this
evil a reciprocal prohibition of the wares made in the Archduke's
countries, or such species of them as are of least use unto us,
secondly, the causing of our cloths, baizes, saves, pcrpetuanas|
and all other woollen stuffs to be well and truly made both for
the substance and colours, thereby to keep them in reputation,
and consequently make them to be more \ented both here and
in other parts, notwithstanding all opposition of these men or
any other to the contrary, and lastly to take such order as none
of our wools may be permitted upon any condition whatsoever
to be brought into the Archduke's dominions. Our baizes
which were wont to be vented here in great quantities by the
false and corrupt making of them, have banished themselves,
and the Liegois have engrossed the whole trade of that
commodity with their hands. Our perpetuanas, which lately
were in great request here, and worn both l)y the princes them-
sehes and all the lords and gentry of these lands, are now
generally decried for the falseness of their colours and deceit-
fulness of their fabrics. And if these abuses could be remedied,
it is most certain that they would again reco\er their former
vogue and reputation. Some of the Archduke's ministers have

* Dated April -t/11. Ti'umbuU was able to fonvard a copy witli liis despatch of
VS May, and it is preserved at the Public Record Ottico. S.l'. /■'landers. ViA. x,
fol. 179.

+ " Say," a cloth of line texture resembling serge. " Perpetuaua." a trade
name for a durable woollen fabric. Neic Eng. Did., OxfoiKl.

281

reported that their master is in deliberation to force our
merchants for every piece of cloth they shall bring into his
dominions, to be sold there, to accompany it \vith a certain
proportion of wool to be put into work by their people according
to the conventions (as tliey pretend) of a certain treaty made
at Bruges about 40 years since. But I cannot see any reason,
if they will insist thereupon, why we should not likewise by the
same rate so press them for every piece of linen they utter in
England to bring in a quantity of flax (which ma\' not be trans-
ported from hence without special license) albeit in value it
cometh far short of our wools. And howsoe\er they seem in
outward appearance to desire the banishment of our
manufactures and the increasing of their own, yet for the
reasons well-known to your L. and specified in some of m\'
former letters, whereby it appeareth that wanting the material
they can hardly accomplish their projected design, it may be
probably supposed they ha\e made us rather levee de bouclier*
to dri\e us to a new treaty, wherein they will labour to liave
our company of Merchant Adventurers remoAcd from Middle-
bourg to Antwerp, and his Ma'*'" favour and authority
employed towards the States of the United Provinces for the
opening of the Skeld than out of any confident hopes or
assurance they can have to make such number of cloths as will
be consumed in the Netherlands. By this enclosed comparison!
of the trade between England and planders your L. ma}- plainly
perceive what difference there is in the benefits made by these
men upon our nation, and what ad\antage his ^Ia'>' liath upon
the Archd. in case they shall proceed (which God forbid) to
make any rupture in the good correspondence which is now
between them.

Here is now in ambassage from the Archd. Maximilian a
gentleman of Elsace called ^'alkenstein. His errand is said to be
a matter of compliment for the late emperor's death, but many
do conceive that he hath charge to treat with this prince for an
interview between him and his bretliren either at Luxembourg
or at Franckford. And from that ground it is voiced among
the people that, when this Archd. shall be arrived at Marymont
(towards which place he will remove on Monday next with the
Infanta there to spend the greatest part of the sunmier in their
wonted recreations), he will take 300 or 600 horse for his convoy
and make a short progress to the frontiers of Germany, both
for the settling of tlieir own patrimonial goods and the succession
of the empire. There are nevertheless, so many reasons to the
contrary, as namely the want of moneys, the peaceable
disposition of this prince, and the jealousies which he should
thereby gi\e to liis neighbours, as I cannot in any sort believe
that this imaginary voyage will be effected. In the mean time

* On dil " laiie une levee de buuclier " jxiur dire faiie una grande entreprise
null &, propos et sans effet. Xouteatt Diet, de VAcad. Frangaise sub voce levee.
t Not found.

282

Count (). \'isconde, lately come out of Spain, sliall (as it is said)
be sent to King Mathias from these princes for the businesses
above mentioned, though as yet his employment is uncertain,
and carried in clouds and great secrecy.

The Spanisli Amb^ resident here hath lately written to liis
colleague in England to be informed particularly of the quantities
of tobacco which are yearly brought thither out of the Indias, and
is assured by him that it is valued at no less [than] 200,000 cr.
e\ery year, whereupon they are said [to] minute ["?] some means
eitlier to liinder us of that trade, or to direct it into Spain or
tliesc Provinces. He hatii also made diligent enquiry (as I am
informed) of the I.ady Clancarty how the Princess Elizabeth
is l^rought vq), and how her Grace is naturally inclined, in which
business he hath not only employed his own labours, but also
tliose of a Franciscan friar, who is confessor to the Infanta.

There is conunandment sent from hence to the (iovernor
of Rhineberg to furnish the new elector of C'ldlen witli 7 pieces
of artillery for the conquest of certain towns iu Miinster whicii
refuse to submit themselves to his authority, or rather, as it is
more likely, under that pretence to assist tlie count of Ridberg
against the landgra\c of Hessen.

In these Easter holidays tliere was dispatched from hence
by tlic Archd. an advocate of Friesland called Neukirk with
letters of recommeiidation to the king of Spain, for the favouring
and advancing of a certain invention which he hath found out
for the raising of 20 millions l)y the year {horrendum dictii) out
of Church li\ ings, to maintain the wars against the Protestants
for the space of 5 years together. And over and besides this
strange speculation, whicli never was, nor ever will be, effected,
lie doth also carry witli him a project for tlie making of a staple
oi' euchanela and indigo in tliese parts, the better to bridle our
trade and make us to liave a dependence upon this people
whereof he hath made a proffer to the magistrates of this town,
and being rejected, departed from them with great disgust and
discontentment.

The Archdukes are said to be Aery ill-satisfied with the
coming of Don Rod. Calderon into these countries, and that
is reputed to be partly the cause of their sudden remo\e to
Marymont, where they may be free from the eyes of strangers
to observe their actions, and the better excused for the cold
entertainment which they purpose to bestow on him, being
sent hither against their liking.

When the placard lately published in Holland against Jesuits,
})riests and other religious orders was first showii to the Archd.
he said it was not done so much in hatred of them as to give his
Ma'y contentment for the refusal which the States had made
to banish Vorstius. But since that time, having l)etter
considered thereof, they do generally say here that it is more
severe than the Inquisition of S}3ain or the statutes of England
against Papists. And now the}' are dispatcliing one Le Mire,

283

a canon of Antwerp with letters from Mons'^ de Preaux, the
Fr. Amb"^ here to Mons"^- de Reffuge at the Haghe to deal with
the States General in the name of tlie queen regent (who is
said also to liave written on the Jesuits' behalf) for the mitigating
of the said [placard and restoring of them to their former liberty.
1| pp. Draff. Min. i, 117, b.

Samuel Malapert to William Trumbull.

1612, April 23 [endorsement]. — Has received TrumljuU's
letter of 16th through liis father-in-law, and thanks liim for
his trouble in his case against ^'ermeulen who now pretends
500 or 600 grs. for his good will and not for reparations. " I
join with your good opinion rather than to give him more than
15/. . . I would as lieve have it by way of justice as by
compounding. . . I am glad to understand that the farmer
has been with yr. wor. I do not doubt if any further testi-
monials are to be had " ouder de " register Henri Pondt but
he will procure them as for my self. All the testimonials
prove that " I am the right heir." This business being ended the
next will be the ease against the count of Hooghstraten touching
his rent of 100 grs. There wanteth only order of the count
unto his recei\"er Pierre Frangois dwelling at Mons.

[Postscript]. — Is willing to give Vermeulen 20/. and if he
accept not, to make a protest against him for the recovery of
all charges and interest.

1 p. Misc. IV, 13.

[Pierre] D.\thenes to William Trumbull.

1612, April 23. London. — We have had such a welcome
here that we must report over there in the little jjacket enclosed.
We are expecting the duke of Bouillon in 3 days. ... I
think you will hear complaints on the dispatch made by
Monseignieur le Vicaire at Aix, but it is wrong as they will learn
by the proceedings of the Commissioner.

] p. French. Seal, xxi, 122.

George Calvert to William Trumbull.

1612, April 23. [London]. — My Lo. Treas"' is yet aUve and
goes to the Bath on Monday, only to make experiment of
remedies ; he camiot recover. On St. George's Eve (at which
feast he made his men charge themselves with new clothes,
though they are very poor), the lords came to his house, and
there my lo. Rochester was sworn a Privy Councillor.

The duke of Bouillon arrives to the Charter House this day.
His treatment shall be a la mode de France. None of the king's
servants shall attend him, but jjrovisions sent in daily at tiie
discretion of one principal officer.

1 p. Seal. XIV, 45.

284

J. Beaulieu to the Same.

1612, April 24. Paris. — [Printed in Winvvood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 360.]
1 1 pp. V, 20.

Sir .John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, April 25. Mushing. — This is my tliird letter sinec I
licard from you. Mr. Coram, who dined with mc yesterday,
says you are well. I fear a letter of yours may have miscarried,
as I have not heard by you of de Rohan's business being likely
to l)e composed.

On Thursday the duke of Bouillon embarked at Calais for
England, and on Sunday last Count Hannow at Whitehall had
his first audience, where he was as much graced as well by her
Ma*>' as the rest to whom they knew themsehes very welcome ;
and we may conclude tliat business will have good success, and
now tliat Bouillon is arri\ed tliey will make it short.

My L. Treasurer grows e\"ery day stronger and transacts
business.

The Persian Amb"^ is despatched in a very noble manner
with letters of great credit.

1 p. XXXIX, 50.

J[ohn] Sanford to William Trumbull.

1612, April 26. o.s. Madrid.—The king now after his
Lent discipline and dismissing of your nobles, Spinola and his
company, is gone to Aranjuez to solace himself. But l)efore
going he charged that some determinate order be taken in tlie
Cawley business that lie may liear no more of it. I know not
whether the devotion of tlie time or iiis confessor (who is well
acquainted witii the matter) did prompt good motions into
him, or whether it were a true touch of conscience, Consultos
haA'c been held about it. The offer of four fleets is like to
stand ; such are the necessities here and continual occasions
of expenses, as the now expected coming of de Maine, which
will dispeople Spain of her hens and chiquines too, as our L.
Admiral did : Spinola who liath disembowelled the Cruzada ;
the extraordinary sending of ^'uniga to lingland. Cardinal
Borja to Rome, and the like. The suit now will be that in
regard of the long forbearance of the principal, the interest
may go along with it, wliich I suppose is already sur V enclume,
wliich, as it seemeth to them, was never purposed to be given,
as a thing not conditioned in the Trato to give interest for
cloths. This is only surmise. My L. will be very careful of
Mr. Wake ; his kinsman Baldwin Wake witliin 10 days goes to
England, old Giles Porter sooner.

1 p. XXXVI, 55.

285

[De Vilijers] Hotaiax to William Trumbi'll.

1612, May 6. Diisseldorp. — At the baptism of the child of
the elector of Saxony the sponsors were the administrator of
Magdel)nrg, two dukes of Saxony and the widowed sister of
your queen.* The States of Torgau have promised Saxony
the upkeep of two regiments of foot and 1,500 horse. The S''
de Trautmansdorff, is returned from the three bishop electors,
with support for the election of Mathias. He is favoured by
the king and queen of France. I expect the Heidelberg com-
missioners at Aix will override the protestations of Neuburg.
Markham writes that our Palatine may l)e here any day.

1 p. French, xxvii, 115.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1612, April 27. Salisbury House | London]. — I received your
last the last week that came single to myself, but was within
two days recorded by a book, an old manuscript, left to my
discretion for delivering to my lord, or for reservation. I
thought it fit for his Lo. library and presented it from you in
a friend's best language. It was so well accepted, as it must
along with us to the Bath, whither my lord sets forward by
(iod's leave to-morrow with his physicians' counsel and his
own iiopes that that will be his full recovery ; which God grant
for his glory and all honest men's good. I cannot (and am
sorry that I cannot) satisfy you in finding Marl)ays his answer,
for tliere never was copy (that I know) of the originals wiiich
for ouglit I can learn he took with him at his i)arting. Your
letters tlmt come hither in our al)sence will lind us out though
with a longer journey.

[Postscript]. — For the Irish bishop you desire to know some-
what of, I can learn no otherwise but that he was titular bisliop
of Downe during Tyrone's rebellion, guilty of his treasons, and
received a conditional pardon that he should take the Oath of
Allegiance, which since refusing, and found otherwise
machinating, he lost that life that lie dcscr\'cd not to keep for
such a second treasonable forfeiture.!

1 p. Seal. Misc. iv, 45.

The Same to the Same.

Of like date. — Having sealed my liasty letter I was presented
with his ■Ma'y'*' letter in behalf of Colonel Boyd which I enclose.
My lord is now entering his coach to lie this night out of London.

I p. Seal. Misc. iv, 44.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, April 28. ^'lushing. — My 1. of Rochester is sworn of
the Privy Council. He is a great favourite and a very discreet

• Hedwig. daughter of Frederic II of Denmark and widow nf C'liristian II of
Saxony.

f Cornelius O'Devany, executed on Isl Feliruary.

286

and noble gentleman. I am written unto that unto the count
of Hannow as stately and as solemn audience was given as if
he had come from the greatest prince of Europe. Undoubtedh'
lie will carry away our young princess. In my opinion H.M.
hath rather aimed at the public good of the realm and the
common cause of religion than at his daughter's greatness.
The princes professing the Gospel should knit themselves very
strongly together, for this mutual giving and receiving of royal
hostages between Spain and France may assure us that there is
a purpose in them to put in practice and that very shortly,
some project of high consequence. What will come of these
lousinesses in France I greatly fear. Some think that the queen
regent will he content to put water in her wine, but of that
opinion I am not, for those of the Religion are too greatly
disjointed that she should fear them, and she hath lately played
them sundry pretty tricks, first by sleight, having disarmed
sundry of tiie cautionary terms (for those of the Religion) of
their great ordnance, secondly by corruption having foisted in
di\ ers factions officers into these towns, and lastly by this
she hath done to Mr. de Rohan,* and all which may serve for
warnings of new dangers approaching to those of the Religion.
I am sorrowful to the heart to write that my Id. treasurer is
again relapsed. I beseech God restore him to health.
2 pp. XXXIX, 49.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1612, April 29. London. — The duke of Bullion was met
at Gra\esend by my lord of Shrewsbury and Mr. Edward
Sackville and some others on Siniday morning, and that
e\e7iing brouglit by them to Charterhouse where he hath eight
lodgings for himself, five for the little duke of Tremoviille,! and
three for every gentleman besides, all hanged with arras.
There arc some deiix cent cinquante touches en tout, and spend
the king 100/. a day. Tuesday he was received at Court by
the king, queen, prince, and duke of York, Lady Elizabeth,
all the lords and all the ladies in the Banqueting House, in the
afternoon. The duke of Lenox did fetch him from the Charter-
house and the Lord Aubigny with Sir Thomas Somerset and
others, and went home with 30 coaches, all the compliments
being past and done. Next Sunday he shall be feasted at
Covirt, and have audience on Tuesday. My lord of Salisbury,
having rested and slept well Sunday night, Monday began his
journey to the Bath and went to Kensington to Sir Walter
Cope's that night, where he arrived well. The king, queen
and all the courtiers were in black when the duke of Bullion
was received, for the death of the queen of Denmark, the king's

* Over tlie appointment of the maire at St. .lean d'Angely. See Le Vassor :
Hist, da Neyne de Louis XIII, Vol. i, pp. .323-30.

t Henri seigneur de Trcmoille, due de Tliouare, bora in 1599,

287

wife,* not mother as some thought, and will mourn till Simday
next. My liO. Roos commends himself and thanks you for your
kindness.

[Postscript]. — The enclosed I pray you convey. . . Her
nephew within few days must appear at the King's Bench,
and there if the Judge thereof weigh his sentence, then will his
Ma*5' mollify matters as he shall think best. This I wrote at
Stepney, bringing my Lord Roos on liis way, starting tliis
midnight home to make up my letters.

1 p. Misc. IV, 46.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1612, May 1. o.s. Venice. — The controversy betwixt this
state and the pope for the passage of the Po. hath grown to a
flame. Card. Spinola, legate of Ferrara, sent to take possession
of a wood in controversy. This was done about tlie time of
the first publishing the reciprocal marriages . . at which
time there was likewise craftily divulged the bruit of the league
betwixt those crowns and the pope. But they were much
mistaken in the courage of these Signori who . . have laid
hold on the advantage which this pope's " fayneantise " doth
offer and sent a fleet to open the passage of the river, and to
seize what vessels they could. Having cleared the river they
marched to the wood, setting fire to all the quarters of it in the
sight of the Ferrarese. This beacon very much alarmed all
Italy and a second rupture was expected, against whicli this
state began to provide in earnest . . but the pope took upon
himself the glory of yielding, and gave willing ear to the
recrimination against the Cardinal, as author of all their troubles.
He asked that delegates might l)c chosen on both sides to set
out the confines. This motion hath been embraced Iiere. . . .
The State will not hearken to any composition about the (iidf,
but makes its so\ereignty known by taking dacio of all ships
that pass through. They are also in consultation of landing
up the pope's port of (ioro by a new cut of the river . . fearing,
as indeed they ha\'e reason, that in time the whole trade of the
Levant may turn that way as being nearer to all Lombardy.

Here hath been lately disco\ered a treason of the Cavalier
Badoer . . . lie durst not abide his trial Ijut fled to Parma
where he was received by that duke, with whom he hath liad
long intelligence, whereupon there passed a sentence against
him in the Consiglio di Dieci. The Spanish ambassador is said
to have had secret intelligence with liim, and Iiis apothecary
and physician are both retained by the Inquisitors of State.

3 pp. XV, 26.

* Anno Catherine, daughter of Julin Frederick, elector of Hrandenburg, wlio
died :iy Marcli,

288

[Pierre] Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, May 1. [London]. — A week ago I answered yours of
16th by asking you to forward a packet to Mons'' de I.ingelsheim.
I ask you to forward another enclosed in which the Amb"
describing their good reception and our hopes for the happy
issue of this matter. Bouillon arrived on Sunday nobly received
by their Majesties.

1 j>- Holograph. French, xxi, 123.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, May 1. o.s. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of Ap. 20.
You will know what Deux-Ponts' commissioners propounded
at Aquisgrane to the deputies of both parties. If the old
Magistrates are obstinate, they will elect new and are not
nio\'ed by the protest of one of o)ir Palatine's deputies, nor by
your Archduke's writing, for he hath written very calmly to
both. There is some difficulty about Mulheim, but nothing
for which a remedy may not easily be provided. Our Palatine,
returning from Prussia to Neuburg, took Custrin in his way
to visit his mistress, and from Neuburg went to sec K. Matthias
who was expected at Nuremberg on Ap. 18th o.s. His vice-
chancellor, who stayed 8 days behind him at Coninesburg,
would ha\e me belie\'e that he olitained all he hoped for, but
I hear the contrary. The best he can have done is to obtain
some provisional accord to be perfected in the treaties to l)e
held in July, (Jod grant the Saxon may have contentment with
the consent of both parties.

You do not mentioji the pact t)etwecn K. Matthias and his
brother Albert. The Marq. Ernest liad two conuuissioners at
Aquisgrane for an end contrary to Neuburg's. This means a
new jar between him and ovir Palatine. The Ecclesiastical
Electors like not Yicariates in the hands of Protestants.

1 p. XXII, 48.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1612, May 11. [Antwerp]. — This day my compere Chandler
is returned from England by Zealand with Mr. Corham from
wliom I recei^•ed these enclosed. They bring no news.

Rochester is made a Privy Councillor, which is stale news,
and the duke dc Bullion arrived in England on Saturday last.

\ p. xlv, 35.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, May 2. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 361. The following has been omitted] :

I suppose iMr. H. Mompessons is now back again in your
parts, having . . . left Sir D. Carleton's house upon a
discontent which hath been long between them. I am sorry to
hear the infamous causes thereof that are laid to his charge.

21 pp. v, 21.

289

Lyonel Wake to William Trumbull.

1612, May 12. Antwerp. — Announcing the birth of a
daughter.

I p. XLV, 36.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, May 13. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of April 21, with
a letter from Beaulieu. I would know something of the
negociation of Maximilian's Amb'', and the result of the
Montbeliard matter.

A well informed person come back from seeing the Elector
of Cologne, says he is inclined to the Archduke Albert for the
kingship of the Romans, if not now at least next time. The
Spaniards are wise enough to give things time to ripen.
The Marquis Ernest feels strongly about Mulhcim in spite
of the protestations of Cologne, believing that it does not become
a prince to put himself out about a piece of paper, although he
has made a reply by another paper. As for Aix neither Albert's
letters nor the obstinacy of the former Magistral nor the repeated
protests of Xeuburg, will bend the Heidelberg commissioners
from settling tlie affair, for which the}' went there. Our late
king used to say that great princes should never do things by
halves.

1 p. French, xxvii, 117.

H. BiLDERBECK tO W'lLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, May 14. Cologne. — Yours of the 6th liave come by
the Antwerp mail. The good reception of the Heidelberg
ambassadors by your king makes me hopeful. To-morrow at
Heidelberg tlie Administrator will marry the Palatine Princess
quite quietly. Mathias is on his way to Frankfort, whither the
bishop of Cologne will also set out to-morrow. The old Magis-
tracy at Aix has declared in writing to the Imperial Vicar's
conmiissioners and will make no peace witli them, having
promised in tlie late emperor's life not to oppose tlic judgment
given by him against the town, that is to say your Archduke
can now enforce the lian. I bclie\c this obstinacx' will turn
out for the good of the Protestants, and that the commissioners
will elect a new magistracy.

At Dusseldorp they are now printing the answer of the Princes
Possedants to the protest from here against the building of
Mulhcim, the only resort for the refugees.

1| pp. French, viii, 113.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, May 6. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 362.]
2| pp. v, 22.

Wt. 1216 Down, in— 11)

290

John Coeham to William Trumbull.

1612, May 7. o.s. Antwerp. — Announcing the birth of a
son.

I p. XX, 35.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1612, May 7. London. — It seems I have set up my rest to
salve for you now once a week, and yet I cannot have answer
of you of something I intreated from you concerning my niece
and other businesses. I pray yf)u send to my mother to let
her know from you that I have written to you and that I am
well, God be praised, and forgeteth neither love nor duty of a
son thougli I write not to her. And I pray you send this
enclosed for me to Mrs. Radesh, from me and her friends in
answer to letters that she hath sent. On Sunday last the duke
of Buglion, the ordinary French anib"^ also and count of
Hanholt, amb''- to the Count I'alatin, dined at Whitehall with
the king ; the duke of Tremuglia and other noblemen with the
prince. The duke of Tremulgia's governor ran under Sir
Thomas Somerset's horse as he was in his career riding at the
ring and put in danger of his life, but he mends and is like to
escape well, God be thanked. My lord of Salisbury is thought
tf) be arrived at Bath though not so well as might be wislied.

Caesar is treasurer in his absence, and Sir T. Lake hath the
seal or signet. I know not how it is called. But two of my
lo. secretaries iiave charge to open the packets, and matter of
state being assured to present the same to the Council. Yester-
day the king went to Hampton Court, and there he entertains
the duke of Buglion and his company witli the French Amb"'-
and to-day they return. My lo. Hadington carried his lady,
10 mile out of London to see a house to be taken this summer
last Saturday, but he carried her 30 miles beyond her expecta-
tion to Farnham castle, and they are not yet returned.

1 p. Misc. IV, -17.

Thomas Rans to William Trumbull.

[1612, endorsement]. May 10. [Brussels]. — I was yesterday
at your house to have said that which I must now . . . write
The good desire I had to redress that mischief com-
nuinicated to you is imperfectly prosecuted. The book
containing the scandal I have left with Mr. Clarck to show it
to you for a day or two when yovi please. The note directing
to the place of scandal I formerly ga\e you. As you account
it best, ... so deal in it. I am first careful to be a good
Catholic Apostolic Roman, and next to see that I be an honest
subject and an honest man. These things will stand together,
and when I fall from either of these duties, I fall from all.

§ p. Misc. IV, 48,

201

John Brownlowe to William Trumbull.

1612, May 11. Antwerp. — I have yours of 6th and have
written to England for the papers desired by my advocate.
Is it not needful to make a claim now, the year of the " placate "
being near oA'er ?

At Mr. Ward's coming to town I will make an end with him
about A'C'ourt's business, not understanding Mr. Throck-
morton's speech to me that he had rather have an assignation
from Sir William upon Spain than have it assigned here.
I expect your order thereon.

If you have a copy of the Act for l)anishing om- dotli from
his Alteza let me partake of that secret, and what you have
concerning the k. of Spain's prohiliition of transporting any
cochenelio to England iniless his Ma*>' will give up transportation
of M'ool in return.

We say the Diet is yet deferred one month longer, liecause
of the marriage of the Ct. Palatine's sister. Divers say he shall
be king of the Romans, which seems too good to be true.

1 p. XI, 136.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, May 21. Cologne. — Nothing from you last week. A
new Magistracy has been appointed at Aix agreeable to the
Protestants. It was desired to haxe some Catholics to satisfy
the Ecclesiastics, but they said their conscience forbad them
to sit with Huguenots. The Magistracy is now exclusively
Protestant. It remains for the new emperor to confirm what
has been done by his N'icar. Matthias is on the road which will
doubtless bring the crown. His Queen goes with him. The
Administrator was married on the 13th to I>ouise, elder daughter
of the late Palatine. All the neighbouring Counts Palatine were
there (except Newburg), the Marquis of Baden, Anhalt, and
others.

1 send 30U the answer of the Princes Possedants to the protest
against the building of Midheim.

\\ pp. Fretich. Seal, viii, 115.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, May 12. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 364, where it is dated May 22 in error.]

2 pp. V, 23.

Lyoxell Wake to William Trumbull.

1612, May 23. Antwerp. — Had it not been a petty treason
to have opened a letter directed to you, I assure jou this enclosed
had not come in this maimer to your hands, for we have here
news that Sir John Throckmorton hath kept double watches
in his garrison in his own person the last week, upon what
occasion I know not. I intend to be with you on Satiu'day next,

292

but if you hear anything from Spain, let me liear from you,
for my mistress doth as much long to hear thereof as I do, and
good news would comfort her heart and make her strong against
her month is out.
I p. XLV, 37.

Colonel Hans Schomberg to tlie French yVmbassador.

1612, May 14/24. Frankfort. — Mayence is still entirely for
Albert. Saxony wavers. There is hope of winning him.
Whichever way Brussels looks at it, they are hard at work.
With the three ecclesiastics they have a remarkable plan.
'One hears of preparations. We must not sleep, believe me.
Those of Frankfort still insist that no elector shall have more
than 200 horse. Set to work to hnd out their intentions at
Brussels. If Albert proposes to advance to the frontiers or to
Liixemliourg, it would be necessary to take care. He has
strong and well groiuided hopes. Mayence says, among other
reasons that it would be to aggrandise tlie empire by the Nether-
lands. It would be a piece of good news for the States if we
had to gi\e the contributions wliich hitherto we have given
in Hungary, to Albert against them. They are still ^■cry keen
here on the matter of Aix. Provision will be made for it as
best we can. I began this letter eight days ago at I.* The day
before yesterday we arrived here at Frankfort, and all the
electors with us on the same day. I assure you again that
Mathias still has few friends and that Alliert may be the most
fortunate competitor unless they decide to prevent it by force.
Resolution and force are what is needed. Vou know the ])ros
and cons. The time is short. They are doubtful about your
resolutions : about embarking alone and being left in the
lurch. However wc shall do the best we can. King Mathias
will arrive to morrow. I see no sign except tliat they will
make him here short and well (jc lie voix autre apparence si iion
qu'on lefaira icy court et boii). King Mathias arri\cd yesterday.
To day he visited all the electors. He courts tlieni strongly.
He is well and tlie queen also.

1 p. French. Copy, v, 24.

1012, May 14.— Proclamation, quoting a previous procla-
mation of 23 November concerning gold coins, and giving the
Mint prices for Ijullion, the indenture of the Mint having been

altered, t

3 pp. Copy. Misc. iv, 50.

Arthur Aynscombe to William Trumbull.

1612, May 14. Antwerp. — The post of London is changed
this week to be on Wednesdays. Hopes his letters will be

• So in MS.

t Steele: Tudor and Stuurl Proclamations, Vol. i. p. 132, no. 1121. Printed
in Huding : Annah uj the Coitiaye uj lirituin. Vol. ii, jjp. 205-S,

203

ready but Chas. Laurcs will want a day for them at Ghent.
Mr. Wake has another girl. Hopes that coloured cloth will
remain banished for a year.
I p. Seal. Misc. iv, .51.

Tlie Samk to the Same.

1612, May 15. | Endorsement]. — Requests that an enclosure
may be conveyed to Spain, " altiiough it cost me an angel or
two extraordinary for it requireth speed." Hoijcs to hear the
event of the cloth business.

I p. Seal. Misc. iv, 53.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, May 15. o.s. Dusseldorp. — Our marquis is back
and I told him what you wrote on the 5th touching the magis-
trates of Coleine. He hath no reason of fear for I cannot
suppose that the Archduke will openly engage himself against
this state, nor will Matthias, when Kmjjcror, hinder the good
work at Midiieim. At Acjuisgrane Deux Fonts' action is
coiuitenanced by all of the Union which neither of those brothers
will offend. It is too soon for the young El. Palatine to aspire
to the crown of tlie Romans, but it may seem no impossibility
hereafter though his difference in religion threatens great
opposition. I have yours of April 27. Langheberg is a K.[.szc]
and disliked bv the better sort of Protestants — I might sav
by all.

1 p. XXII, 49.

John Searle to William Trumbull.

1612, May 15. From chamljers. |London]. — Complaint of
his treatment l)y |Edmondes] in requital of his services. Is
likely to be seeking a new master. Alterations may come.
Will promise nothing ; whatever betides him will soon be known
to Trumbull.

2 pp. Misc. IV, 52.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1612, May 15. o.s. Hague. — I have not saluted you since
our return from Wesel. Concerning Morbais, I understand
he is, though covertly, in his own country, settling his estate.
This I am told by iiis father-in-law, for he has married a daughter
in this town out of a harbour. I think him but an idle, busy
fellow. No great heed is to be taken of him. Though Skelton
be so near me at Rotterdam, 1 have not understood how his
business stands concerning his pipes and gutters. He told
me, as soon as it came to perfection, I should hear from them
all, for I engaged myself and my credit to some of the States,
promising to help them to a certain quantity of those gutters
and pipes at a reasonable rate, but have heard no more.

^9i

Skeltoii gives nic much better hopes ul' liis iii\ ention than I
had of Lassell's fireworks, for I lost of that bargain.

I look within a day or two to liave something out in print
against \'orstius which shall be somewhat extraordinary.

1| pp. XL VI, 33.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement]. May 16. Tiie Hague. — I liave yoiu's of
May !) about the garter for Ct. Maurice. The States arc some-
what scrupulous in their answer, which by writing I have
received, wherein they desire that they may have tlie statutes and
ordinances of the Order to be sent over before liis installment.
I hope H.M. will satisfy them in this. Here hath been from
yovi an Advocate sent, as he saith from a Dominican Spauisii
Friar to make an o\'crture here for a treaty for peace (his name,
as I take it, is Coenvelt). Upon conclusion too honourable,
for such was his language, and so advantageous as could not
be refused, but Mon*' Barnevelt with whom he spake, sent
him away without any comfort. We hold for certain that your
Arcliduke will be chosen king of the Romans, and tl\at by the
mediation and free consent of the king Matliias. Wiiat is
become of Marbais I am not able to inform you. Here lie is
not, nor here hath not been these many weeks. Some say he
is gone into Liege, but where^■er he is no man hath had ever
other opinion of him than of a counterfeit and conspiring
companion. We look daily for the return of the Ct. of Hannow
from England and at the end of tliis month for the young
P. Palatine. I hope be it D. Pedro de Zuniga or the Duke of
Pastrana they will arrive post fesfuni.

[Postscript]. -Though your Jesuit Ijc slow, yet I hope he is
sure.

2| pp. XLVii, 52.

[De Villiers] Hotmax to William Trumbull.

1612, May 27. Diisseldorp. — I ha\e }ours of April 13 with
a packet from a friend at Paris. The Marquis shows by the
language he used yesterdaj^ to Dickenson and me that he is
not surprised by the C'ologner's complaint about Mulheim,
the building of which he will help, having put a war ship facing
it, with orders to the peasants working there to be armed like
Xehemiah at the building of the Temple. Your Archdukes
do not seem to mind much about Cologne, as they were not
disturbed over Aix and Juliers, which is natural if the Archduke
has the slightest design on the kingship of the Romans.

I p. French, xxvii, 116.

John Brownlowe to William Trumbull.

1612, May 18. Antwerp. — I had yours of loth an hour after
the CuUen post had gone, and have kept the enclosure till the
next post to-morrow.

295

I know not why the " cardakue " enclosed was sent, so
return it. Robiano's brother told me to-day the monthly pays
arc augmented 150,000 cr. per mcinth. Here is daily proffers
for the buying of lead, for what use you probably know better
than I, for the commission comes from thence. I leave for
Zeeland oil Monday or Tuesday.

P.S. I send vou Dr. Morton's last answer to Parsons.*

1 p. XI, 135."

J. Beaulieu to the Same.

1612, May 18. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 365.]
ll pp. V, 25.

H. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1612, May 28. [Cologne].— I have yours of 21st. All tl\e
Electors arc at Frankfort except Brandenburg, who has deputies
there.

The landgra\e Maurice of Hessen has sp(jken to the elector
of Saxony at Vach, where he was defrayed by him, and assured
him that as to Aix he agrees with the Administrator of the
Palatinate for the ratification of what the Heidelberg com-
niissaires have done before the emperor was appointed, who
is not yet elected, though there ha\e been four sessions. Klesel
is also here. Hour after hour coaches come to his door, so
popular is he. Aneel is expected at Heidelljerg, sent by the
queen to meet the United Princes. Mon'*''- de S'" Catherine
is with him and is to reside at the Palatinate Court. I am
surprised at not hearing from our London ambassadors.

These folk seem a little puzzled at the jjrogress made with
the l)uilding of Mulheim, to stop which they are beginning to
cease persecuting the Protestants for baptising their children.
Over 1,000 are at work there.

ll pp. French, viii, 116.

Hermes Muet to William Trumbull.

1612, May 18. Mons. — With reference to the case of Samuel
Malapert has found nothing but the reliefs made by Louis
Malapert, father of (iuido, Samuel's grandfather. Copies of
papers are enclosed including Vermeulen's plea. Will try to
find out more.

2 pp. French. Misc. iv, 54.

Christopher W^ragge to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement]. May 18. — Having been entrusted with
the care of Trumbull's son he reports him as violent in his

* " a Preamble unto tlie Incounter with P.R. tlie Autlior of the Deceitful
Treatise of Mitigation concerning the Romish Doctrine botli in question of Rebellion
and of Aequivocatiou." l)y Thomas Morton, dean of Winchester. London 1H08.

enterprises, never wearied for his book ; uf good understanding
and aptness to learn. But a continual eye upon him is required,
or he would solely spend himself in sports. " I am fearful to
have him play out of the compass of my call." This gives rise
to many quarrels, for he loves not to be limited, especially in
a mari<et town.

lPostsc7-ipt]. — Has received direction from "* your Ijrother
Salmon " that the boy is at once to be sent to his father. At
first in \icw of his late agreement with Mr. AUbury lie thought
there was a mistake. The brother has discharged all reckonings
and he (Wragge) has delivered to him the 20/. received from
Allbury and a piece of gold.

2j pp. Seal. Misc. iv, 55.

Isaac Allen to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], May 28 [s.n.]. — Having already received
20 francs, requests tliat the remaining 80 may Ijc sent l}y the
bearer. They were lent to him at Antwerj).

Endorsed. Paid upon this letter to tlie post of Sedan 37 Jl.
04 s. the 21 May 1612 s.v.

1}^ pp. French. Trace of Seal. Misc. iv, 59.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1012, May 21. London. — Your long letter of the 6th of this
month I thank you for very kindly. . . The duke of Buglion
went away yesterday, Tuesday. The French Ambr. doth
conduct him to Rochester His presents and his company's
were worth 30,000 crowns. His entertainment here was very
royal. The Spanisli Amb''- saw him not upon a quarrel between
the Ledger of France and Don Alonso, ever since the Savoy
Amb''- came hither, wlio first saw the Spanish Amb"', and
therefore was not suffered to enter in at the Frencii, when he
came in to visit liim. The French pretended that he should
have been first ^•isited, because he first sent to liim. Thereupon
the Spanish, wlio had visited the Savoy at his arrival here, and
had his visit rendered him by the French, now was first to visit
the French again, according to order, yet never since would
more visit the French, neither would the French begin with
him, and so continued till Buglion's coming, though the
Archdukes' Amb^-, and Venetians with some other persons of
worth among the English sought to compose differences and
unkindness between them and so bring them together, thinking
it mifit that the ministers should be at \'ariance in sueli a general
combination and league of friendship and lo\e between the
Princes ; but it would not be. The duke coming, Don Alonzo
sent to salute him and to intimate his purpose of coming to kiss
his hands on condition (as some say but he denieth it) that the
French Amly- Ledger should not be there at tliat time. Otiiers
say tliat the duke should answer that lie should be welcome,
but wished him first to visit the Ledger, for that he knew no

297

reason why the Ledger Anib"^- of Fraiiec should ijc ucgleeted.
The truth of this business I know not yet so distinetly. Before
I see you I shall, God willing, possibly understand it, and then
by the grace of God we \vill discourse of it coram.

The Lord Sanker, it secnieth, iiatli confessed iiis hiring of a
fellow to pistol Turner the fencer, wlio was pitifully murdered,
being sliot througli with a pistol as he was drinking. Tlie fellow
that did it is not found, but another who accused the lord of
ha\ing hired him, and had some letter of his to testify what he
allegeth against him.* After proclamation the Lord Saneher
came to Lambeth and offered himself to my Lord's Cirace who
apprehended him, and was there kept some time. Now he is
committed to prison and it is assuredly thought shall die. This
libel is talked of. " Scots switehc nobility, pinche gentility and
pistoU yeomanry." The gentleman of the Innes of Court
cannot be found, but it is reported that he saith all the princes
in the world cannot give him the blood he hath lost. It seemeth
his ear that Maxwell pinched was rent so as it bled very much.
His Ma** . . . prcjmised the gentlemanf that if he will come
to him, he will cause such satisfaction to be made him as
neither himself nor any man for him shall do more.

The marriage is agreed between the Lady Elizabeth and the
Palatin, 40,000/. jointure and 8,000 jointure [sic], but a larger
commission is expected from the Palatin for the final conclusion.
Some say the Amb"^- goeth back for it himself, and Sir Noel
Carron, Amb"'- for the States, goeth with him to Holland. Here
we say that the king of Spain and the States have concluded the
general peace between them with a strict league. Some think
if Don Pedro come before the larger commission from the
Palatin arrixeth, something may be done with Spain. Many
that were against any match on that side, are said now to like
well of it.

On Sunday last a post came to tlie Court witli hca\y news of
the present danger of death that my lord treasurer was in, and
divers \'ariations followed the same reports, sometimes promising
hope of amendment, sometimes that he was dead. On Tuesday
some tidings came that that day he was brought 8 miles of his
way backwards to London, but with no great hope of being able
to reach. Since that, on Wednesday which was yesterday, better
news is come that he is better and better, and is coming forward.
My lord of Rutland, who was taken with a dead palsx' and some-
time was speechless, recovereth lying at Cambridge under Mr.
Butler's hand. Yesterday was feared as being the fourteenth
day of his falling, the change of the moon and the eclipse of the
the sxin. For the two last causes it was dangerous also to mv
lo. treasurer.

[Postscript]. — " I have written twice or thrice to Mr. Hobson
and Mai's sweetheart, whom I am glad to hear you conmiend,

• A Scot named Gray. Birch ; Court a»d Times of James I, Vol. i, p. 107.
t Haw ley. a ^I'ntleiiiaii of the Teniplf.

298

but cannot hear from the one of them. The Catliolics were
called up many to London but not to come to the king, as you
write, but only to have the oath offered them. Some have taken
it, others are committed for refusing. My Lord Vaux is remo\cd
to the King's Bench, l)eing in the King's Bench condemned in a
praemunire. Sir Henry James was condemned in the like. Mr.
Ik'rry, Mr. Cleekouse, Mr. A'o\ ishers and others are committed
and like to pass that way."
2 pp. Misc. IV, 49.

H. BlLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, May 31. Cologne. — I have yours of April 23. Mathias
takes more than 1,000 horse to Frankfurt, but only 200 can be
housed in the town. Last Saturday the new elector of Cologne
arrived from Munster. He was met by the Chapter, nobles and
citizens with 800 horse and 2,000 foot, and in^'ested. His
Highness is now at Bruel preparing for Frankfort and will Ausit
the electors of Treves and Mayence.

There is a meeting of the Imperial towns at Worms to whicli
our Burgomaster Hardenraedt is gone. Three conmiissioners
of the Imperial A'icaire are at Aix to settle dii'ferences between
Catholics and Protestants.

The Palatin of Neuburg is daily expected at Cle\es. He is
said to be at Neuburg with his father.

The French bishops assembled by Cardinal du Perron are
said to have condemned the de Folitia et Ecclesiastica Potestate*
as taking from the pope his absolute power over kings. I am
surprised that the Galilean crown and church sliould so easily
part with their rights.

1^2 pp. French, viii, 112.

Thomas Albery to William Trumbull.

1012, May 22. London. — I have yours of May 6, whereby
I see your furtherance to my business. I have delivered your
letters directed to Mr. Salman and Mr. Wrag to Mr. Filor ; as
Salman was to come to town Monday last 8 days, Filor moved
him to bring your son on Tuesday last to London, but he is
not yet come. I will bring him o\er myself next week. Yours to
Mr. More I delivered ; he ga\e answer to Robert which Quester
will deliver. Commend me to Mr. Baltazar, or tell him I have
often solicited Ladv Welden, but cannot get answer of his letter.

J p. I, 106.

Sir Dudley Cari^ton to the Same.

1612, May 22. o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Win wood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 367].
2| pp. XV, 27.

• tiy Edmund Richer.

S9&

G. HoLKER to William Trumbull.

1612, May 22. Hougarde. — I am reminded by my old
comrade of your kind memory of me and of my deformed
estate which amongst men of honour rather craveth compassion
than to be carped at by malignants who Uttle dream wliat
stuff fortune hath in store for them. It were impertinent here
to treat of former fallen heads, the memory whereof bids me
patiently carry my cross. ... In the mean time I render
you humble thanks for your charitable offices. . . . When
the occasion serves I will desire your aid. My recommended
" Brittaine " is returned contrary to any expectation and
more than he merited, his cloaked journey very well considered
what with his traffic there in England and his " consistorial "
commendations (Taltra parte. He walketh and l^raggeth visibly
amongst his apostles. [Margin .•] Yet he must, saith he, make
once more a step over.

1 1 pp. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 56.

Arthur Aynscombe to William Trumbull.

1612, May 22. Antwerp. — I have received your letters of
15th May under Mr. Wake's cover. I entreat you to send me
back the letter which I troubled you with for Mr. Calley if you
ha\e not received the same already. Men speak much of
particular passports to be given out for the bringing in of cloth
into these countries. Methinketh it is too soon as yet to speak
of such matters. If any such thing come to your knowledge
and you were pleased to participate it to me, I should increase
my obligation to you.

\ p. Misc. IV, 57.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, May 23. o.s. Dusseldorp. — I had yours of 11th
yesterday. Markham's return is uncertain. The paction be-
tween Matthias and Albert is for the advancing of him to the
crown of the Romans on the first opportunity. The desire of
the ecclesiastical electors to avoid interregnums may help it,
making with his four \'oices, besides the Saxon who seems to
have bias towards your side. " If they of Coleine persist in
playing the jacks, they may feel the smart sooner than they
doubt, for we have a trick to reduce them into awe." The duke
of Nevers almost put us in alarm by news of his old courses.
He is a strange prince.

1 p. XXII, 50.

Thomas Albery to William Trumbull.

1612, May 23. London. — Your son came last night to
London, and Mr. Quester being ready to depart, I durst not keep
him longer. The wind being adverse, Quester stayed here
rather than at Gravesend, so your son hath gained his companx'.

J p. Seal. I, 107.

300

[Pierre] Datiiexes to William Thlmbull.

1612, May 23. [London]. — 1 have yours of 13th-23rd,
and one from Monsr. Paul. Our business goes well, and we
ho{)e to lea\e in a few days to satisfy their Highnesses with our
negoeiation, and to bring back soon him who is to enjoy the
fruit thereof. Bouillon left the day before yesterday, well
pleased. This is not pleasing to those who do not like to see
good relations with England, but let them burst with en\y if
tiiey wish. I do not write in (Jernian hoping to con\'ey my
news briefly.

1 p. Holograph. French, xxi, 124.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, May 23. o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of April 24.
Since our troops went to Flanders I learn that they hope to
effect matters of great consequence with the States. They
have confessed so much to the States' deputy resident here
whom they conceive well inclined to their affairs.* He, under
cover of marrying a gentlewoman to whom he was })etr(jthed
Ijcfore he departed, must procure leave to return to Holland,
there to assist their designs. This king hath secretly given
him a good aijuda de costa. This is secret. The king hath
by ])atent ennobled and knighted him. He is \ain enough in
himself, l)ut I observe that sucli kind of persons have ever had
the best luck among these kind of people.

Two speedy and secret correos have been this week dispatched
from Genoa. Only two of them to whom these posts came,
rceei\'ed letters or knew the cause of their dispatch. The voice
hath run awhile amongst them here that the Marques Spinola's
creditors are grown into great jealousy of him, and that at this
fair of Piacenza his bills and letters will not be accepted. But
I hear that this is ratiier a stratagem than a breaking in the
Marques, and that for his new grandeeship and the settling of
his former businesses, he was fain to undertake the new
furnishing of this king with 800,000 ducats. The which he
promised. But having obtained his grandeeship and received
assignations for his former engagements, he was desirous ....
to shift himself of his late promise. For which he could find
no means but that his creditors should press for the payment
of their debts, and not accept of his new bills till the old were
cleared. By which he thought he might not only be excused
of furnishing the king with tliis new sum, but likewise merit
tlie more by his former services by which, to serve this king,
he was forced in this manner to break his credit.

The 13 of May Don Pedro de ^unega started for England.
I cannot learn that iiis ambassage contained any matter of
importance more than of gi\ing his Ma*>" an account of the
marriages with France. He is very meanly accompanied, and

* Pi'esumably Theodm'e Kodenl)urg.

301

his behaviour hath been such towards our nation since his
return from England that I think he will be no very welcome
man there.

I much marvel that tiie Archduke hath prohibited om* English
cloths. But these are but the beginnings of insolences which
I every day expect they will offer unto us, for I find them
strangely lifted up and arrogant upon the strength of this new
alliance.

As for the business of Calley and Colford, it stands on better
terms than I find they there either do or could expect. It will
soon come to some certain issue. I marvel that they should
be so silly as to suppose that either I (who well understand the
business) or Calley (who hath honestly and carefully solicited
it) should accept of any conditions without competent interest.
1 have procured a private order from the king for allowing
them their interest. But conceal this until my next letters.
Those that find fault with the assignation upon the fleets, are
nnich mistaken. For it will prove better for them by 13 or 16
in the hundred than any assignation in Spain.. And it will be
certain.

3J pp. XXII, 123.

J[ohn] Sanford to William Trumbull.

1612, May 23. o.s. Madrid.— The drift of Angclo Odoardo
is to persuade you to the decret as the surest means both for
principal and interest, because the best of the king's alcabalas
[excise] are employed that way to satisfy his creditors, and
men that are money-masters will rather \'entiu'e upon those
assignations than upon the fleet. I think Angelo will now show
himself to he of another mind. He was yesternight with m\'
L., who told him with his proceedings in the business. Odoardo
confessed that lie did not think that the matter could iiave
been brought to that forwardness as now it is as will appear
by my lord's letters to you, but is resolved that if they will not
now give such orders as may be for the good of the cause,
he win rid his hands of it. Tlic matter now in consuHo is what
interest the king will allow for the time past and to come,
which it if l)e but 5 in 100 (more is expected) it will amount to
what is by you projected. The assignations upon the Juros
[rights of per})etual property] cannot by estimation fall short
3,000/. in the whole, wliich is most likely will fall to Mr. Cawley
and Mr. Colford, the rest of them that negotiate l)eing likely
enough to " prcst " their whole principal with interest upon
them two. They are looking here for money to defray the
Monsieurs of France. The duke of Pastrana prepares for his
journey thither that the boys of Paris may sing a new Hosanna
to him as they did to the D. of Feria {mix asnes, aux asries).
The Constable of Castile is returning to Spain. The marquis of
St. German is gone to Milan, who in passing Valencia had the
good hap to be padrino [godfather] U) a new miracle monger.

302

a priest, who there dying hath since May 1 wrought 160 miracles,
the relation whereof is sent hither authentically by the credit
of the marquis, who hath promised to send him a sepultura
labrada [ready made tomb] from Milan, ^uniga is gone for
Eiigland as are Baldwin Wake and Giles Porter. Cottington
is still here.

1 J pp. XXXVI, 56.

Daniel Skynner to William Trumbull.

«

1612, May 23. Antwerp. — I make bold to trouble you with
this small packet of mine which is from Sir Charles Somerset
who is at Brussels.

I p. XXXVI, 89.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, May 2-t. Paris. I have yours of 13th. De Villeroy
and d'Ancre have brought the two princes to yield to the Q.
They returned on Thursday and go to Fontainebleau to-morrow.
Spinola, Roderigo Calderon and Bucquoy are now here from
Fontainebleau. On Monday the duke of Maine went there to
take his leave and go on to Spain. His train amounts to 600 or
700. Besides other liveries he hath one of black for mourning
for the Q. of Spain. The King of Spain proposed to defray the
cost from his arrival in Spain, but this Q. hath prevented it.

Notwithstanding promises that the Protestant assemblies
should not be forbidden in this Parlement, the decree has been
registered.

Rohan has l)cen told to come iiither to make profession of
obedience. It is thought he will not do it so soon after the
settling of the last storm.

There is great jealousy here at Prince Maurice receiving the
(iarter from fear that this honour will tie him hereafter alto-
getlier to England whereunto he was thought to be already
addicted too much.

Tlie Q. hath enjoined Richer, the Syndic of the Sorbonne,
to make no replies to books written against him : ))ut all tlie
late proceedings have nevertheless been printed.

l^pp. V, 26.

H. Bilderbeck to W^illiam Trumbull.

1612, June 4. Cologne. — I have yours of the 28th. I am
surprised that you have not had my letters. Notice how they
come to you. I should not like them to fall into wrong hands.

All eyes are fixed on Frankfort. They still hesitate between
Mathias and Albert. All appearances point to the elder as the
one better fitted to face the Turk in case of need.

De Nevers' provision of arms at Liege makes a stir here,
Some say the troops are to go to Hungary.

303

The building of Mulheini causes alarm here. To stop it they
have sent a Burgomaster to the Princes Possedants. Poinding
that the work proceeds all the same, they propose to send a
deputation to the Magistrat. The general assembly is to meet
to-morrow to discuss the question.

2 pp. French, viii, 117.

[1612, Jinie 5]. — Recantation and confession of Paul Hoislens.
burgess of Brussels.

7 pp. French. Copy. Misc. iv, i.

Sentence upon The Same in the Archbishop's Court at Mechlin.

1612, June 5. — Defendant to recant and his works to l)e
])urnt.

3 jjp. Latin. Copy. Misc. iv, 5.

William Trumbuli, to [the Earl of Salishury].

1612, May 27. Brussels. — Right honourable my very good
lord, at the present the chief est occupations of these princes
are to prepare for tlie reception of the Marquis Spinola and
Don Rod. Calderon, whom they expect at Marvmont in the
end of this week, and tor want of eon^■enient means to lodge
and feast them in their own palace they have commanded the
duke of Aumale to entertain them at Binche, wherof about
() mouths since they ga\e him the government. Count Bucquoy
outstripped his company, and came by post from Paris to see
the Archdukes. He was graciously received of them, and is
now returned to a castle of his called Vaux, near C'ambrey,
where he will stay the said marquis and make him the best
cheer which that place can afford. Of the commissions brought
from Spain to these men there is yet little speech, but it is
considered that Spinola hath power to perform the offer made
imto tiie States of the U. Provinces by an advocate of this
town called Coenvelt for an absolute peace, if it may be had,
upon such conditions as shall any way advance the partialities
and distractions in Holland.

On Thursday last, which was the Ascension Day, by special
connnandment from the Archduke there were public prayers and
processions made throughout these Provinces for the good success
of the Assembly at Franckfort, where, as it is constantly reported,
the electors are divided into three factions : one being for King
Mathias, another for the Archd. Albert, and the third for the duke
of Saxony. Nevertheless in the common opinion King Mathias
must infallibly carry away the prize, and this prince will strain
both his means and credit to purchase the crown of the Romans,
for the furtherance of which design he now maketh a general
muster of his whole army as it were to intimidate the Allemains,
and laboureth to raise moneys from all parts to the end he
may have oil in his lamp and not be foimd unprovided, as he

304

was heretofore when the French King intended to have gone
through Luxembourg, to the assistance of the princes of
Germany. Yet in all outward appearance he cannot be able to
draw any great number of men into the field, until his old
soldiers have had some kind of satisfaction, among whom the
Italians and Burgundians are so distracted as of late they were
upon terms to begin a new mutiny, had they not been prevented
by some extraordinary pays delivered them upon their descomte.
It is still credibly beheved that this prince will make a joiirnev
to the confines of Germany to confer with his brother King
Mathias about the succession and affairs of the empire. The
D. of Wirtemberg, Landgrave Maurice of Hessen, Pr. of Anhalt,
Marquises of Ansbach and Baden and certain other chiefs of the
Protestant L^nion are also met at Rothembourg to consult what is
fittest to be done for the mainteiiance of the Reformed Religion
and the preservation of their liberties and freedom.

Secretary Pratz (if I be not misinformed) is lately sent in
diligence and secrecy from Marymont to the town of Liege.
And there is here reciprocally one Mon"' de Warrow, a pensioner
of Spain, from that state, which messages, concurring in the
time of the prince's absence, do beget jealousies and suspicions
ill tlie minds of many men that some plot or enterprise is l^rcwing
Ijctween them either against the town of Aix or Mulheim or
some other part of the duchies of Juliers and Clcves.

Our secular priests, namely Dr. Smith, Dr. Bagshaw, Dr.
Bishop, Dr. Kcllison, Dr. Thomas Wright and diampney and
others ha\c, about 13 days since l)y order from the pope, held
a conventicle at Douay, where among othei' things handled by
them for the advancement of their superstitious religion, they
treated of the means to draw the Seminary College out of the
Jesuits' fingers, and have set down their reasons and motives
in writing, whieli fortlnvitli shall be sent to Rome for the
obtaining of aiitliority and approbation from thence.

One Arnold Maming, a young man of Amsterdam, esteemed
to be worth 50 thousand crowns, seduced in liis religion for his
riches' sake by the covetous Jesuits (who make their prey upon
all men and all nations) is resolved (as I am told) to erect a new
Order of Heremitcs called fratres Martyrisationis, who upon
command of their Superior, must repair into England or any
other part of the world, and expose their lives to all kinds of
danger for the winning of souls, and service of the Bp. of Rome.
He is said already to have obtained a l)ull for carrying on their
work, and to be now in consultation with the Jesuits at Antwerp,
when and where he shall begin, who having once stripped him
of his plumes, will laugh at his simplicity in their sleeves, and
send him away naked to live like a beast in some retired corner
of a wood or a mountain.

Mons'- de Rossy, late amb'' for the D. of Mantua, passed
this way in his return homewards and spake with much com-
mendation and feeling of the courteous treatment which had

305

been made him in England. He is now gone to visit these
princes at Marymont, and from thence will proceed . . .
towards Italy. One Antonio Mirabaldi, employed l)y the Arch.
I>eopoId into Spain for condoling of his sister's death, is also
repassing this way towards his master, and brought with him
a pension of 30,000 cr. by the year for the said Arehd. upon
the bishopric of Montreal in Sicily.

These princes are now dispatching one of their domestic
servants towards his Ma*y with a present of an eljony cabinet
and certain other rarities of these Provinces. The duke of
Aerschot is so dangerously sick, as men do hold him to be
already dead or at least past hope of recovery, and the like
speech is held of the chancellor of Brabant.

I sent your 1. herewithal two pieces of the Archdukes' new
coins, which, as by the essay it will appear, are much debased
from their wonted value. Each of them is current here for
12 stivers, but are thought not to be worth much above 10
stivers in pure silver. The difference is so great and the benefit
so large which will thereby accrue to these princes, as unless
there be order taken to prevent it, most part of our moneys
will be conveyed hither out of England by the merchants to be
melted and reduced into these coins, which being a matter
importing his Ma'^'* service and the good of our country, I am
sure shall not oTily be thought upon by your wisdom, but also be
stopped by your prudence from working the intended effect.

3 pp. Draft. Min. i, 119.

Monsieur Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1012, June 6. The Hague. — We arri\ed here on the 1-th and
have reported to his Excellency what passed at Louvain. He
thanks yoiu I send you the proposition made by S"" Winwood
with the reply of the States General. As to the Garter for his
Excell-', you will find herewith a note regarding Eglisemmius[?]
and also another little " livret " lately produced, but out of
respect to his Ma*y of Great Britain forbidden here.

I p. Misc. IV, 65.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.
1612, May 28. London. — Yours of the 20th are come. You
mention things that tell me that all your letters come not to
my hands. I am sorry my lord treasurer should not live till
he had helped you to live. He died at Marlljorrow 60 miles
from I-ondon, coming in to the town galloping in a carroisse
that all the world thought he had returned from the Bath a
sound man. He entered Saturday night, died Sunday at 1
after midday. The pains he endured being kept alive even by
antidotes and preservatives, the potentest that nature could
yield, and want of sleep made him senseless before his death
and to talk at random. Some think he died much indebted.
All the packets are eonunanded to be addressed to Sir T. Lake ;

\Vt. 1216 Dorni HI— iU

306

it is doubtful who shall l)e Secretary, he or Sir H. Neville, or
Sir H. Wotton or Sir Charles Cornwalleys, or Sir John HoUys,
or my I^ord Wotton. Treasurer my lo. of Northampton ; privy
seal my lo. of Worcester : Master of the Horse my lo. of
Rochester, who shortly is like to he earl of Devonshire. Mr.
Hally sent with forty Templars or more tf) the Council where
they demanded that ^Ir. Maxwell should demand pardon on
his knee . . . hut the Scots gentleman would die rather than
agree ... so they returned without anj' satisfaction. Mj-
lo. of Rutland mends again. A great bruit hath been over
London that the e. of Lincoln is dead, but it seemeth false.
Mr. Thomas Darcy that married the young widow Lady Percy
died the day before my lo. treasurer, and Sir Roger Ashton
much about the same time. My Lo. Somcar the world says this
morning should shortly be haiiged, /sed non creditur apud
jyrudeniiores.

1 p. Seal. Misc. iv, 58.

John F'inet to William Trumbult,.

1612, May 28. Hatfield. — When I left London about a month
since to attend to my lord to the Bath, jou had of my letters.
I have since been silent between hope and fear. Now that this
liath l)rought upon me the worst of ills, I speak with unspeakable
sorrow. Pardon me if I make so l)old with you then as to use
few words in this, and tell you the rest under my man's hand
what I lia\e commanded him to copy out, of so much as
concerned this fatal blow, delivered in a letter sent now to Sir
Dudley Carleton at \'eiiice.

i /).* Misc. IV, 60.

The Same to tlic Same.

1612, May 28. Hatfield. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 367].

2J pp. Misc. IV, 61.

Jo. Wither to William Trumbull.

1612, May 28 {endorsement]. — After a speedy passage I am
here arrived. My lord treas'- died upon Sunday last at
Marleburrowe in returning from the Rath homewards, much
against his own desires, which were very earnest to have been
but 3 days at home l)efore his deatli. We begin to speak that
the Lord Cooke is in possibility of being treasurer and Sir Tho.
Lake secretary which I pray you judge as report, not certainty.
The marriage we say is concluded witli the Palsgrave ; her
jointure is 10,000/. sterling a year after her husband's decease.
At present 1,500/. allowance a year. Resides there is to be
allowed 12 gentlewomen and 30 menservants. I caiuiot yet
learn what our king giveth for the dowry. The fimerals of
rich Sutton are this day performed. The chief mourner was

307

the Lo. Cooke accompanied with two bishops, the king's
attornev, and some Masters of the Chancery all mourners.
One of the Archbishop's chaplains preached. Notwithstanding
the opposition the true intent of his will shall be performed,
it being so ordered by the judges. There are to be five great
merchants Englishmen failed. Four yon may have heard of,
the fifth I think will not appear \ et in 10 days. The lottery for
Virginia is put off for a month. I ha^•e under-written for 51.
hoping that I shall find some partners in Antwerp which I have
offered. If they refvise, the profit and loss must light upon
mvself. which I do not account cast away if you will have 20.9.
with me. I shall think my fortune will be the better to gain
by it. The other ll. I have presumed to write for my ])artner
Brownlowe and myself in half, who I think will not refuse me.
For Mr. Heath's business I desired Mr. Wake to write you what
passed at Middelburg and here I go this afternoon about it.
Any letter for me should be enclosed to Mr. Monger and let me
know if he is to pay me that sum which you told me you would
appoint me here. My best wishes to my commere and Mr.
Balzar [sic].

1^ pp. Seal. Misc. IV, 62.

Arthur Aynscombe to William Trumbull.

1612, May 28. Antwerp. — I will send your letter enclosed
for Sir Ralph Winwood on Wednesday nect. I thank you for
yours touching cloth and the new passports. T answer by this
your letter touching the matter of Jan Baptista Roelans.

He seemeth to l)e very reasonaljle, but when he cometh to
the upshott I cannot tell what to judge of him. I have this
day spoken to him about these matters and would make those
differences liquid between Mr. Calley and him (my master
having given me full commission thereunto), but he refuseth to
hearken to anything imless I would show him procuration from
Mr. Calley. 1 told him that he had given me s)ich order by
private writing, and so much he knew before by his factor in
Spain (Kendrick Walcot) who my master willed to advise so
much to Roelans. T also told liim that if he and I did agree
upon anything I would olilige myself to see my master allow
thereof (and if need were, would gi^e him other security) but
that I thought my own obligation sufficient for so small a
matter, for we ask nothing out of his liands till he be satisfied.
So soon as possible 1 can get procuration from my master,
but it is apparent the k)ss of so much time may be extreme
jirejudicial, and so much himself cannot choose but think, and
therefore to stand upon these terms seeineth to me rather
cavilation than desire to come to an end of his business. If
yoiu'self or Mr. Wake or Mr. Colford do tliink it reasonable or
possible for me to do more I will do it. In the mean time (if
this letter come in time) I beseech of you to tell all things to
my lord ambass"' per this post, and also I pray you be assured

308

that neither my master nor myself will be backward in reckoning
with Roelans nor no man else, it being contrary to our natures
to fall into differences with any men, and if any of these who
have com])lained to you of Mr. Calley had referred their
differences to indifferent men in time (as my Master was always
ready to do), all would ha^e l^een quiet, or he that will not do
that must he held suspicious. I will not further enlarge about
that Inisiness, but have written thus much for justification of my
master (whose adversaries you seem to favour) and if you signify
thus much to Mr. C'olford, they must needs be beholding to you
all of them, and am ready to undertake every hour that which I
ha\e promised to Roelans and if he persists in obstinacy he must
expect his reward. He is deceived if he think he has the
advantage of my master.
1 1 pp. Seal. Misc. iv, 63.

Robert Cudner to William Trumbull.

1612, May 29. London. — Acknowledges receipt and distri-
bution of those accompanying Trumbull's letter of 20th inst.
No new elections are yet made but that the Earl Northampton
is chancellor of Cantbridge. The secretaryship stands between
Sir H. Nevel and Sir T. Lake. If the most voices prove true,
the first carrieth the prize. After the holidays past some
businesses will speed.

I p. Misc. IV, 64.

Abraham Williaafs to William Trumbull.

1612, May 29. [Hague].- -My last to you was of 15th. The
book against \orstius, made by a Scotsman, is in the press.

My 1. sends you the treaty of Wescl. Take a copy and pass
it forward to France. Some two days since Morbais retiu'ned
after his long progress. It seems he intends to remain liere
imless he absolutely recover the good opinion of his friends in
England. M\- 1. ordered me to inform you if I learnt anything
of him. '■ In oiu' most inward discourse he has made mention
of great wrongs done to him by Monsr. de Tuylly and others
on your side, whose injurious calumnies he said such a one,
naming yourself, liad made more credible in England, by a
kind of avowing and seconding of them. For that I answered,
not as one that had any acquaintance with you, that if such
informations came to your hands, you could do no less in your
place tlian inform thereof, whicli I brought him in the end to
confess. He made me too long a relation to repeat unto you, of
his jom-ney that way and the ends ... he aimed at, as into
his own country for establishing his estate in some good fashion,
and into France for the procuring of an attestation. . . .
I send you here a copy which the Go^■erno^ of the town of Bax
confirms to Monsr. Casaubon to be authentic. I desired
Morbais to lend me his papers to peruse an hour since. . . .
I found copies of his letters to my L. of Cant, to Mr. Le\ynus

309

and (jthers, out of the first of which I found this clause
Reliqua mihi a nebulone illo de Tylli/ eiusque complicibus- ohiecta
facile diluerim, mihi si negotium foret iustis coram judicibns,
et non apud eus qui dum omni me ad haereticonim castra eis id
videtur fran.sfugam, itijuriarum atq' calumniarum generc lacessunl,
sacrificum sese Deo praestare idq\ suauissimi odoris impic
arhitrantur etc. But of the second |of] these passages J' aura y
hientost vuide des aultres calomnies que cc maudit de Tilly m'
obiecte auec ses complices, mais etc. In another place he calls
him poltron, et malheiireux de Tilly, etc. In the next passage
I found him to fall foul on you, and as I imagine by the circum-
stance on Mr. Kerckham." An demeurant parlant rondement
et ouvertement selon que Je pense, Je tiens que Trumbul, et ccs-t
aultre Se'"" de V H"" Conte de Sal[isburi] sont practiqm's par
mes ennemis pour me traverser et terrasser s' Us pouvoyent.
Trumbul me fait ainsy soupfonner de soy par ses fuQons de
soubsigner les attestations mensongeres f aides centre moy par
mes ennemis et par ceidx qui me sont parties, led. Sec.
etc." Some 6 lines after he goeth forward with these words
" Toutesfois je m'asseiire que personne dc [consc]ience et de
jugement ne voudra esjjouser ny taut peu ce soyt, porter les querelles
de mes ennemis contre moy ; ains seulement ceulx, quos ad
quaeciinq' f acinar a cogit et fiagitia auri sacra fames, Dieu les
manifestera et scriptis eorum tunc memoriam posteritati aeternaeque
memoriae graphice uti merentur, consecrabo.

These are the chiefest points which concern \()ur knowledge,
which I will entreat you notwithstanding for consequence sake,
not verbatim or as from me, to ad\ ertise my man of. To-morrow
I will let my L. know, as well as I shall remember, what I have
written to you. Bear with my scribbling and haste, for I have
not leisure to read over either my own letter or the enclosed
copy of his attestation.

3 pp. Seal. XLVi, 34.

J. Beaulieu to W. Trumbull.

1612, May 30. Paris.— I have yours of 19th with the
Archduke's decree as to the English cloths. The Court being
at Fontainebleau and my lo. and myself both being sick, I have
little news. My lord's illness is due to his plodding about his
business without intermission. He imputes the neglect in
England to my lo. treasurer's sickness and absence. He
counsels you to wTite constantly to England. He thinks the
merchants should have some one at Court to solicit the King
and Council. Bouillon arrived yesterday from England, well
content with his entertainment. He has been an hour and a
half with my lord, who told me that all matters were w'ell, so
I hope the marriage with Madame Christine hath not been
altogether rejected.

We hear that the king for a proof of the protestation made
by the Q. of this State's resolution to maintain amity with

310

England and the confederates, did instance t!iat she with tlie
States would enter the treaty made at Wesel by him with the
German princes, whereunto T suppose ear will liardly he given
here of the success of the Count Palatine's negociation.
1 1 pp. V, 27.

Sir Raphk Winwood to William Thi.me5ull.

If512 [endorsement], May 30. The Hague. -I must not
suffer Mr. Morgan to come empty lianded. The advocate wiio
made the presentation for the Spanish friar to come hither to
treat for a perpetual peace, hath since my last writ hitlier a
letter wlierein he giveth to understand that thougli he cannot
be admitted to come to treat, yet under the fa\"our of the truce
he will take that liberty to come to see the coujitry and town
of Holland, and because no jealous}- shall be concei\'ed upon
this his ^■oyage, he desires that Valchenbourg, whom you know,
may be his guide here. We have a bruit that the duke of
Nevers at Liege makes jirovisions for arms for 20,000 foot and
12,000 horse. It is feared that he has intelligence with the
D. of Saxe, and will join with him to recover his pretentions for
C'le\es and Juliers. The K. of Denmark is besieging a castle
called Elserboiu-g in Sweden. H.M. has sent a Scottish gentle-
man called Anstruther into Denmark and into Sweden one Spense
laird of Wolverton [Wormiston] to use their best means to
draw those two kings to a treaty and peace. I send a copy of
the treaty which I made at Wesel. You may take a c(jpy, and
send it to my L. Ambr. in France, who in his last asks me for it.
We hope that all the difficulties for the contract of marriage
between our Princess Elizabeth and the young Palatine l)e
accommodated. Of this I will write when I have spoken with
the Ct. of Hannaw whom with the first wind we expect.

2 pp. XLVii, 53.

News Letter.
1612, June 3 13. Frankfort. — At 5 o'clock this morning all
the burghers assembled before the Town Hall, horse and foot,
well armed. Later they were distributed throughout the town.
This done the electors and his Majesty met in the ordinary
chamber of their council. After donning their electoral robes
they proceeded on horse to the church of St. Bartholomew in
the following order : first the elector of Mayence on the right
and the elector of Treves left ; then the elector of Cologne and
the king of Bohemia ; third row, all together, the Administrator
Palatine, the elector of Saxony and the ambassador of the elector
of Brandenburg. Swords, but not imsheathed, were carried
before all these, except the ambassador. In the church they took
their seats in this order : the elector of Mayence in the first
seat near the altar on the right of the choir next the king of
Bohemia and third the Administrator. In the middle of the
choir facing the altar sat the elector of Treves. On the left of

311

the choir towards the altar, first the elector of (.'ologne ; next
Saxony and third the Brandenburg ambassador. Each elector's
name was on his seat in large letters. Immediately after this
they began the office of the mass of the Holy Spirit, but as the
Protestant electors would not remain to the end, they withdrew
with all their attendants to the cabinet where the election was
to take place, imtil they began to sing the Veni Creator, when
they returned to their places, taking the usual oatii comprised
in the Golden Bull. At the end of the antiplion Veni Sancte
Spiritus all the electors proceeded to the chapel, which had
been richly decorated, to begin the election. They remained
about an hour and ha\'ing elected King Mathias they set him
upon the high altar singing the Te Deum. Se\'eral musical
instruments as well as the drums and trumpets of the electors
joined in, a marvellous and incredible thing to hear. This done
the electors accompanied the new'ly elected out of the choir
to the stage prepared for the purpose and tliere proclaimed
him king of the Romans before all the people. Thereupon
Pappenheim, marshal of the empire, handed the naked sword
to the elector of Saxony, Truchses ga\e the orb of the empire
to the Administrator, and the chamberlain of the empire gave
the gold sceptre to Brandenburg, and all three carried these
insignia in a line before his Majesty, the Administrator right,
Brandenburg left and Saxony in the middle, all mounted
followed by his Majesty, who had Ma\'enee on his right and
Cologne on his left, both sliglitlv' behind. Trc\-es went before
alone on horse. After accompanying his Maj. to his quarters,
the electors withdrew to their own, in their robes, but the
insignia of the empire were not borne before them. All the
electors and his Maj. put off nKjurning, except the elector of
Saxony who appeared witli all his men in black and yellow
habits. All the suite, to the lowest, wore doublets of yellow
damask with black trunks, Cierman fashion. The jewels worn
on horseback were admirable from the size of the diamonds
and rubies and the weight of the gold trappings. The queen
with her ladies was present at this ceremony. She had a place
almost in the vaulting of the church, to have a better view of
the choir.

3 pp. French. Misc. iv, 10.

Another copy of the same Account.

2^ pp. French, translated from the German. Misc. iv, 69.

R. KiRKHAM to William Trumbull.

1612, June 4. — The lord Treasurer's death. I^est there be
an intermission to stop H.M.'s service . . . he hath com-
manded me . . . that his pleasure is you shall direct your
letters immediately to himself, who will be content for a time
to be his own secretary till he shall resolve of some fit person
to supply that place.

I p. Misc. IV, 1.

812

H. BiLDKRBECK to WlLLlAM TrUMBULL.

1612, June 14. Cologne. — I have yours of the 4th. AH the
world is listening for the election, which was deferred from last
Saturday to yesterday on account of differences between the
electors. Tlic ecclesiastics and Saxony, under their influence,
want Albert. The Palatine and Brandenburg incline to .Mathias.
Tlic others would have carried it by a majority but for the
arrival of Ancel, the French Ambassador, who has informed
them that liis master will not accept any one but Mathias, not
wanting too powerful a neighbour. It is pitialjle to see Saxony
led by the Catholics. We expect the Marquis of Brandenburg
at Mulheim to-day to inspect the building.

l^ pp. French, viii, 118.

J. Bkaulieu to William Trumbui,l.

1612, June 5. Paris. — I have yours of May 25. I iiave
written by every ordinary and you should enquire after my
letter of May 18 [o.s.]. We hear by the count of Hanaw, who
came two days since, of the lord Treasurer's death. He hath
been a great friend to my lord. I hope God will raise him some
other. We have professions of principal noblemen's carefulness
and also of the king's affection towards his good. Some of his
friends advise his return, but he will not leave this place till
assured of better preferment at home.

The two princes of the Blood have been well received at
Court. Those of (iuise, who were specially at enmity with
Soissons, are now on good terms with them, as is the Chancellor.
To Espernon only they made cold entertainment. After they
arrixed at P'ontainebleau public communication was made of
the duke of Maine's instruction and of the marriage contract
with Spain, which are said to agree with the late K. of Sj)ain's
contract with Madame Elizalieth of France, save only that by
this Madame and the Infanta are bound to renoimce all pre-
tensions in the states whence they come. Maine has left
Fontainebleau for Spain.

Besides his first audience which he had together with Spinola
and Bucquoy, Don Roderigo with the Spanish Amb''- lieger
had another in private. He sent on his departure three basins
full of Spanish gloves and pastiUes to the queen.

The abbot of St. Victor here* with other prelates tried to
effect the deposition of Richer, the Syndic of the Sorbonne, who
will be able to maintain himself.

Lady f^dmondes thanks you for the culls and would know
if there is more money due for them.

2 pp. V, 28.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.
1012, June 6. o.s. Dusseldorp. — The states of Cleveland
are being held at Duisburg, instead of Cleves. The Marquis

* Harlai de Chanvalou. Le Vassor : Hist, de Louis XIII, Vol. i, page 298.

.'313

Krucst and our Palatine's substitute liave sent deputies. T\\v
work at Mulheim goes well forward. That Langh is supposed to
receiv^e a pension from your quarter for one of his children. He
confessed it was offered at his cniijloynicnt for these princes.
^ p. XXII, GO.

Sir John Uighv to William Tkumuull.

1612, June G. o.s. Madrid. — I conceive that the business
of C'alley and C'olford will be ended abo\-e their expectation.
It will not be hard to accommodate any little differences bet^\•een
them.

Touching John Haptiste Rawlins, I woidd have matters
compounded between him and ("alley before I take any course
in Galley's favour. Order is given to Arthur Aynscombe, late
servant to Calley, to promise Rawlins such fitting satisfaction
both for the debt i^retended to be owing by Calley to him and
for disengaging such bills of exchange as he hath belonging to
Calley. Whatsoever Aynscombe shall agree unto in writing
I will see the same accomplished l)y Calley. Undertake this to
Rawlins, if need be. But if he will not come to agreement nor
send his bills of exchange hither, then I would not have it
thought strange if I interpose for satisfaction to be gi\en by the
king to Calley for what is due to him, wherein I little doubt I
shall p^e^•ail. But the course of greater ease will be that they
agree among themselves. If Rawlins stand upon tricks, he
Avill ha\'e cause to repent it.

Wake's debt is included in Colford's, who, if Colford like,
out of the first payment may be satisfied, and it will not be
prejudicial to the general debt that Wake be fully paid, for
principal and interest shall now be east up into one sum, and
be divided proportionately between Calley and Colford. If
you will crave Colford to be therewith content, I will see Wake
satisfied out of the first fleet.

I am confident that within 13 or 20 days the business will be so
concluded, that they shall all have cause to be much bound
unto me. Don Diego Sarmiento de Acuna is new ordinary-
ambassador for England. He is a councillor of the Hazienda
and of great esteem and power.

3 pp. xxii, 124.

H. BiLDEKBEC'K to WiLLIAM TrUMIJULL.

1612, June 18. Cologne. — I have yours of 11th telling me
of the success of the Palatine ambassadors |in London]. The
election was made on Wednesday, and the lot has fallen on
Mathias. All ha\'e high iiopes of him except the Catholics,
who think your Archduke fitter to execute the Roman league.
I think Saxony made a mistake in preferring Albert, which
will not help him in his pretensions to Juliers. The coronation
will be at Frankfort this week.

1 p. French, viii, 119.

314

King Jamks I to William Trumbull.

1612, June 12. Westminster. — Trusty and well beloved etc.
Although we had heard before your letters came of the election
of the emperor, yet are we well pleased with yom- diligence in
advertising us thereof. We ha\"e by our letters to the Archdukes
signified ova* good liking and congratulation of the honoiu-
happened to his famil\- as well in regard of the goodwill we
l^ear to them in general as for the opinion we have always had
that it would fall upon the king of Hungary as the person
nieetest for it, who we doubt not but both out of the temper of
his own nature and by ad\ice of his friends will in his govern-
ment hold such course as shall tend to the preservation of the
Empire, and will also maintain with us the amities which of
many years have between it and our dominions, as we shall be
ready to do the like on our part. To this effect you may by
speech accompany our letters in the delivery of them.

1 p. Sign manual. Min. i, 121a.

Sir Thomas Lake to W'illiam Trumbull.

1612, June 12. Whitehall. — " I am commanded to send you
this petition and to recommend the cause. It standeth upon
these two parts that the petitioner have satisfaction either from
his altesse or from the Count Aremberg. If allowance be made
already to the Count, then he is to pay his pay ; if he have not
had his allowance, then the Archduke is to pay it. Wheresoever
it be to be paid, his Ma'>' would have you to help and assist
him the best you may."

J p. xxvii, 190.

Sir Thomas Lakk to William Trumbull.

1612, June 12. Whitehall.- " V'ou mistook your direction
in calling me secretary, except you had added " for the Latin
tongue," for I have no other quality although his Ma'>' hath
since the death of the 1. treasr. conunanded me to receive his
letters and present them to him. For the matter of your
letters ycni shall recei\'e herewith a letters from his Ma*y to the
Archduke and another to yourself for } our warrant to do those
compliments."

i p. xxvii, 189.

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.
1612, June 12. o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 370.]
3 pp. XV, 28.

John Packer to William Trumbull.
1612, Jinie 12. Whitehall. — My silence is partly due to the
expectation of new officers, but the king makes no haste in
that point. Now Sir Fouke Gre^ille and Sir George More are

315

I)v bruit put into the number of tlic conipt^titors. This morning
I hear that " there is a new course in hand of three referendaries
for foreign matters. Sir George Carew to deal between the
king and the Frencii ambassador, Mr. Calvert with the
Spanish and I know not whether with the ^'enetian, Mr. Levanus
with the States and Archdukes. But this is yet in project only.
. . . . There is a commission ready for the treasurer, but the
l)lanks are not filled, neither is it yet known whether that course
shall hold, or the form of a treasin-er, for which place no man is
spoken of but my lo. of Southampton." I cannot hear of so
much as a thought of an ambassador t(j relieve you. And
so for this present, making haste to tlic sermon (not that I
mean to boast of mj^ devotion, but to allege a reasonable
excuse) I lea\'e you etc.
1 p. Misc. IV, 8.

Abraham Williams to William Tkumbull.

1612, June 13. Hague. — I have lately had two covers from
you. In the former was one for de Plessen, wiiich I delivered.
He arri^■ed 3 days since, and \'esterday set forward towards
Heidelberg. I also delivered to him yours to count of Hanau,
which you might better have sent back again to Heidelberg
or to France than hither, hut you seem not to have heard that
the count passed that way. The other enclosed I gave to one
of his followers wiio promised to deliver it.

Wc had the news of the election of Emperor Mathias in 4.^
days. It seems that your Archduke was \'ery like to have
carried it (the Empire). H.M. of Great Britain sent hither
lately the book of the statutes of the Order of the (iarter for
the States to peruse, which long since hath been delivered up
unto them. Yet they ha^•e deferred tlieir absolute answer
until the return of certain of their deputies from their Provinces,
who are gone thither to advise with the superiors about the
acceptance of the unrepartited companies. In ten days they
will retm-n. The death of my Id. treas'- hath almost dri\'cn
Morbais to an ecstasy, for besides the altering of all his letters,
his ends were exceedingly crossed b}' it. Yet I understand by the
last post who went 3 days since, he hath sent " whom " \olumes
of letters. He lives here still, and is at this present haunted
with a tertian. I wrote so much by Sir Charles Morgan as I
need say no more.

P.S. — The Scotsman's book is not yet out. I received last
night a foolish libel from Middelburg, whieii I will send you
just as I had it :

The Scots beg our goods, lands and lives,

They switch our nobles and lie with their wi\es.

They pinch our gentlemen, and send for our benchers ;

They stab our sergeants and pistol our fencers.
1 p., XLVi, 35.

310

|De VlLLlJiUS] HOTMAN to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, June 2.3. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 11th. Vou
now have at Brussels the Seigneurs newly come from Sj^ain
with money and new commissions. I would i^now about thcni,
for we are interested as neighbours. Some say the sum is
200,000 crowns, others 400,000. If Spinola resumes authority
there, there will be jalousie. We expect in a day or two Mons'-
de Plessen who returns well pleased with his mission, and his
good present, and the C"t. of Hanau who comes by France and
in a day or two we shall have our Palatine and Markham. We
will then give you all the news and shall see what turn affairs
take after the election and coronation at Frankfort, where
those of Aix and of Cologne have gone to plead their causes,
the one against the new magistrat, the other against the building
of Mulheim.

P.S. — Our Palatine and Markham have now come. They
are afraid of Saxony, \\lio talks big at Frankfort.

§ J}. French, xxvii, 118.

H. BiLDEKBEC'K to WiLLIAM TrUJIRULI..

1G12, June 25. Cologne. — Hotman requests me to send the
enclosed. Our Palatine of Neuburg passed Mulheim on Friday
on his V a\- from Frankfort to Dusseldorf. Our Biu-gomaster
Hardenraedt dins the ears of the electors in calling for the
demolition ot Mulheim. There are \'ast crowds at Frankfort ;
provisions are scarce, and it was proposed in consequence to
leave immediatel>' after the coi'onation. The elector of Branden-
burg has been fully invested with the duchy of Prussia. His
eldest son is now at Frankfort, intending to find liis lady at
Heidelberg.*

11 pp. French, viii, 120.

William Trumbull to King James I.

1612, June 17. Brussels. — Having iniderstood by letters
from Mr. Kirckham, late Secretary to the deceased lord treasurer,
that it was your Ma'J"^ gracious pleasure I should address my
future dispatches to your Ma*J'* own hands, until I should
receive further instructions to the contrary, I do presume in
obeying the same commandment to offer unto your Ma'y'^
\iew such trivial occurrences as this barren place doth now
afford, the absence of the Archdukes and the present tran-
(juillity of tliese Pro%inces ministering small subject Ibr
advertisement worthy your Ma'y'' knowledge.

Marquis of Spinola, his eldest son and Don Rod. Calderon
arrived here on Wednesday last in the evening, and were met
upon the way by the pope's Nuncio, the Span. Amb'- ledger,

* Geoi-ge William (if Brandenbui'g manied Elizabeth Charlotte, second daughter
of the late Elector I'alatiiic Frederick IV, hut not until 161ti. At this date he was
under 17 and she was l.j yeai*s of age.

317

and many other n<)l)le gentlemen of tliesc countries, who brought
them with this town with a train of 30 horses or thereabouts,
and so conducted them a Vhotel de Spinola where they were
lodged. Since tlieir arrival here tliey have not almost spoken
of any other matter than making of good cheer and banqueting.
To-morrow Spinola and C'alderon set forwards towards Cullen,
attended with the Count Christopher of I^mden and some otlier
commanders of the army, at which jDlace the 2nd of July, new
style, they are to meet with Don Bathazar de Zuniga, ordinarj-
Amb"^ for the King of Spain in the empire, and with him are
to confer about some matters of great importance. What
those things are, it is not yet assuredly known, but men con-
jecture them to be certain projects for the breaking of the
Protestant Union, the removing of Brandebourg and Neubourg
from their just possessions of Juliers and Cleves, the finding of
means to incorporate the bishopric and principality of Liege
into their hands, and lastly to prepare the way for a yoimg
son of Spain to the crown of the Romans. These tilings are but
yet en herhe, and with time will better discover themselves
to the common censure. I will according to my duty diligently
laV)our to understand how they shall proceed in these designs,
and thereof give your Ma'^ notice as there shall i)e occasion.
The bruit is current here among the common people that
Spinola should have brought order from Spain to reform the
superfluous entertainment paid in those parts to the army, and
to banish the relics of the mutineers which are yet retained in
the king of Spain's scr\ice. But until his return from Cullen,
where he intendeth not to staj' above 5 or 6 days, all things are
kept in suspense. And the 400,000 cr. of extraordinary allow-
ance whicii were lately remitted to Antwerp from Spain are
still detained in the merchants' custody, it being doubtful
\\hether he will employ them for tlie affairs of Germany ; the
making of an absolute peace with the United Provinces (whereof
there is some muttering) (jr for the satisfying of the older
soldiers, whom they dare not now draw into the field (if there
were cause to use them) by reason of their general discontent-
ment. xVfter these men have performed their journey to Cullen,
they are resolved to spend their time in the sur\eying of the
greatest towns and strongest fortifications of Brabant and
Flanders, whilst Don Pedro de Zuniga may dispatcii his legation
towards your Ma*y, and in his going home may repair through
these ProN-inces to meet with Don Rod" Calderon, and take
him in his company towards Spain. Don Pedro hath demanded
leave of the Archd. to serve himself in this present employment of
Mons^- de (irootc, his late Agent with your Ma'y, who with
Don Franc" d'Ibarra, a gentleman of the Archduke's Chamber,
and some other cavaliers of note are presently to meet Doix
Pedro at Calais, and to wait upon him into England. Immedi-
ately upon the election of king Mathias to be emperor these
])rinces dispatched tiie Count Octavio Viseonde towards Franck-

318

fort witli ail anibassagc of congratulation, and (as it is said)
haA'e given him power to excuse these endeavours which they
had used to have that dignity for themselves. One Coenveld,
an Advocate of this town and my familiar acquaintance, who
was sent latelj' by a Spanish friar into Holland with certain
OA'ertures for the making of a perpetual peace between Spain
and the United Provinces, came to see me the last week, on our
discourse about his said negociation affirmed with very deep
j^rotestations that the k. of Spain did really mean to quit his
pretensions upon the abovenamed Provinces, so that the
States would be content to yield imto such conditions as he
would propose unto them, which shoidd l^e honourable, safe
and profitable for their commonwealth. The States, as he
reported, are not A'cry forward to hearken to this first summons,
l)ut have taken diem deliberandi, and will shortly, if' he be
not deceived, shape liim an answer Ijy the hand of Mon^""- de
Barnevelt.

Count Aremberg, l)y right of his lady as eldest sister to the
duke of Aerschot, hath taken possession of that duchy, and
done his fealty and homage to these princes for the same.
Covnit Fonteno}' opposeth and would gladly ha^'e that honour
to descend upon him as heir of the House of Croy. At the
opening of the late duke's testament (for which purpose one
Monsr. Pecquius, a Privy Councillor to the Archd. is deputed into
Haynault) it will be known which of these competitors is like to
jjreA'ail. Fontenoy is supposed to have the more apparent
right, and Aremberg the greater favour in Court. There are the
present discourses of this place, which I do in all humility offer
etc.

3 J pp. Draft. Min. i, 122.

Sir John Dig by to William Trumbull.

1612, June 20 o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of May 19.
We hear of my Lo. Treasurer's death, of the election of king
Mathias in the Empire, and of a serA'ice lately done by the
Marques de Sta. Cruz, who burnt 9 ships of war belonging to
Argiers and Timis. The king hath revoked Alonso dc Velasco
from England, and sent Sarmiento.

The Constable of Castile is arrived in Spain and will be here
in 15 days. Some give out that his judgment and memory are
much offended and decayed. Friends assure me this is
exaggerated, and am glad for he hath ever showed himself very
affectionate to his Ma*y.

They are much displeased here with our new discovery of the
North West passage, but more with our plantation in ^'irginia,
and say that if his Ma*^ will not recall it, this k. will be forced
to assay the removal of it. I hear Don Pedro hath commission
to move his Ma*>' that his subjects desist from further proceeding
therein, He will receive a cold answer, and I conceive thev

819

will be slow to give England (who is apt to lay hold on any
occasion) so just a pretence to be doing with them.

We expect tlie duke of Maine in Madrid about the 6tli or 7th
of next month.

As for Wake's business, it would l)e unreasonable and I think
impossible to procure the king's general assiento to be altered.
When the general is concluded, I will see what further traga I
can give to procure him more particidar satisfaction, (iet
Rawlins and C'alley to come to some good end. Their dissensions
may do others hurt as well as themselves. Colford should send
his accounts to his solicitor liere.

2| jxp. XXII, 125.

JoiTX Sanfokd to William Trumhull.

1612, June 20. Madrid. — I have yours of May 19, and can
give you little satisfaction at this time. I have proposed Mr.
Wake's request to my L. It is now judged to be unseasonable,
because the whole business being now brought happily to
receive the king's assiento, it would be unfit to become a
petitioner for subdivided mercedes. But my lord puts me in
hope to find some traga liereafter how to effect what you desire.
The sun as well as the soil must ripen fruit, and time, I hope,
will bring this to maturity. You desire to know our reasons
for the fleet before the decret. Tlie latter you say is more certain.
Verum est a certain loss, not only in regard of tlie interest, which
will not be so much as 5 in the 100 when they shall come to be
sold. And upon sale they will not be entertained without
plapas of two or three years' day of payment, within wliich time
the whole is like to come home to you both principal and
interest, more perhaps than you could have hoped for.

I have enquired for your Picaros. A third part of Matthew
Aleman hath never yet been heard of among our stationers
here. The second part of that author is not here to be found
neither, for which I have long watched, but that of Matteo
Aluxan everywhere enough. We arc in heaviness from the
lord treasurer's death.

1 p. XXXVI, 57.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, July 2. Cologne. — I have yours of June 25. The
king was crooned on Tuesday, after which the empress was
conducted to a l)anquet at the Hotel de \'ille, wliere the six
Electors were at a separate table as were the princes and
princesses. All went off quietly, tliough in the great crush
there were inevitably some hurt. The affair of Aix has been
referred to tlie empress who decided that neitlier the old nor the
new magistracy should take part in the solemnities ; reserving
the decision for further information.

Spinola's decision to come here is remarkable. It won't be
to tlircad pearls. We expect our Burgomaster back from

320

Miillieim to-morroM- and the Syndic will follow the emperor
to Prague to renew the objection to the building.
1| pp. French, viii, 121.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbuij,.

1()12, June 23. Paris. — My lord, upon Bouillon's return,
followed him to Fontainebleau, and was kejit there, so that I
have missed two ordinaries. I have yours of 5th and 11th.
By the judgment of those that know best the condition of the
time past and present you are not to deject your hopes as though
by the lord treasurer's death your loss were irrecoverable. For
your little son I am much beholden to you that you proffer
me such an occasion of being of service to you, though I might
do more if I were where you mean to make him live. Let
me know whether you would have him in the college or in a
private house in the town. I will write to friends there.

My lo. went to Fontainebleau to receive the queen's answer
to propositions brought for Bouillon from our Master who,
to . . . draw some fruit of those assurances wliich she had
made him by the sd. duke, that notwithstanding their new
alliance with Spain, she would constantly keep that straight
friendship . . . with his ]Ma'>' and the rest of the ancient
allies which this state had always had with them, did require
first that, for that purpose, there should be . . . command-
ment given to all the ambassadors and ministers of both parts,
employed in foreign countries, to hold a free and confident
communication together in all occasions which might concern
the common good of both the states and particularly the
maintenance of the United Provinces. Whereunto she hath
consented. Secondly the king desired that she would not only
join her persuasions with his towards the princes of (iermany
to make them receive the United Provinces into the league of
Wesel, and also enter the same herself, according to the late
king's projects, that it might thereb\- appear that the league
is not one of religion l)ut of state. To the iirst part she replied
that both kingdoms, having become siu-eties for tlie observing
of the truce with tlie States, by the defensi^'e league, she thought
that sufficient provision for their surety had been made, and
that as that league was made with the consent of tlie k. of
Spain, they could not now seek to fortify the States' affairs by
new treaties, without giving that king cause of discontentment,
whicli the present condition of France would not bear to do.
But if the States coidd !)>' any other means procure that favour
from the princes of Union to receive them into the league,
she would very well like of it. She and her son were ready to
enter the league, but first desired to see the course of affairs
in German}'. Upon information tliereof they would advise
with the king and join with him in any course for the good of
the common affairs. Thirdly to his instance that they would
join for the afi'airs of Juliers to draw the d. of Saxony from

«21

liis dangerous coui-so of seeking assistance from Spain and tlic
Archduke, she promised to concur witli the king. Lastly, liC'
having renewed his instance for the re-establishing of those of
the Scottish guard into their places, she hath promised, on her
return hither, to carry out the same.

Bouillon hath given great contentment to the Court by letting
tlicm see what confidence his Ma'>' reposed in the assurances
gi\en by his moutli. T cannot yet dive into any matter of
marriage which may have been moved there between the king
and the duke. It is said that Madame beginneth to dispose her
spirit to that fatal condition and journey into Spain, but yet
she dotli not shew that liveliness in lier affection to pass the
Pyrenees as iier young sister dotli to cross the seas to go into
f^ngland.

My lo. was told at Fontainebleau that the Q. would now give
the king satisfaction as to the debt which the States have been
required to take upon themselves (whereof they seem here to
have rccei\"cd some assurajice) and he hatli been required to
procure a commission from the K. to treat here both for the
modification of the sum and for the days of payment. They
have promised also to ])ay the other 100,000 cr. to the K. which
fall due in August next.

Tt was also resolved to continue the payment of the two
Freiieh regiments in Holland for one year.

The duke of Maine on his arri^■al in Spain complained that
no ^•iceroys or governors of those parts had met him, and desired
that the D. of Pastrana might be treated in like manner.
Accordingly despatches M'cre sent to the go\"ernor of Bayonnc
and others. But the French Amb"^ at Madrid A\Tites of the
King's special ccnirtesy to the duke and finding that the liangings
in his lodging were not to his liking, he ordered new ones.

The count of Hanaw was lodged in the castle at Fontainebleau,
and caused to be covered at his audience, though he came
without coJTimission, and received 2,500 a\ of plate on his
departure. Don Pedro de funega was not so well received.

The two princes of the Blood, neglecting peculiar advantages,
seek to install themselves with the administration of affairs,
which the Q. liath granted, not without some chafe from some
of the principal ministers.

The old constable is about to go to Languedoc to establish
his son.*

Mr. Antlio. Edmondes encloses a letter for you, and desires
to know of Mr. Bathurst. who could obtain no condition here,
and went on to you.

Edmondes may go your way this summer. I iiope you will
have an eye over him, and " withdraw him by your coimsel of
the main gulf of perdition."

Hcrewitli is a packet from Sir J. Digby to you and one for

* Henri I due de Montmorency, constable of Fr.Tncc, nnd Henri, his son. The

f.ithor was flS nt this dnte.

\\i. l:;ui Uown. HI- 21

322

Sir R. Winwood. Also letters to Dickenson and Hotman.
Mr. Becher sent Lady Edmondes by one Lee, a perfumer, some
Spanish gloves from Antwerp vvhieh she has not received.
5 pp. V. 29.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612. June 27. o.s. Dusseldorp. I have yours oi' 13th and
18th. By this Spinola is near your quarter. He has been to
Lintz. The El. of Brandenburg and our Palatine will implore
the help of tlie two kings and the Netherland States, for the
composing of the main cause and of tiieir difference with the
Saxon. He may not look to be so backed now by the emperor
as his late brother and he liavc been, and his friends arc not
likely as yet to declare themselves by open effects. It were to
be wished that the new emperor's confirmation of what hath
been done at Aquisgrane by the \'icarial authority of Deux-
Ponts were as speedy as we hope it will be real, althougli the
recommendation of France hath not gone beyond the project
of accord made by her Ambassrs. and the prince's commissioners.
The work at Mulheim is ad\"anced daily, and our Palatine seems
to affect the business more than I liad thought. At the Duisl^erg
assembly, now dissolved, the princes ha^e received contentment.
Enclosed is for Hotman to Beaulieu.

1 p. XXII, 51.

J. Beaulieu to Williaji Trumbull.
1612, June 29. Paris. — (Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 375.]
3 pp. v. 30.

H. BlLDKRBECK to WiLLlAM TrUMBULL.

1612, July 9. Cologne. — I have yours of 2nd. De la Voye
left the enclosed for you. I do not yet know the truth about
the meeting of Spinola and Zuniga at Lintz. The former will
retin-n immediately to Brussels.

Some design against Mulheim or Aix is feared, but I think
the Spaniard has too much else in hand, though he cannot like
the building, and Zuniga may be sent to demand inhibition of
Mulheim from the emperor.

Anspach has married a Countess of Solms.*

The prince of Brandenburg, the Elector's eldest son. has
arrived at Mulheim. I think lie goes on to Dusseldorp to-day.

Ih pp. French, viii, 122.

The Secretary Pratz to William Trumbull.

1612, July 10. Marimont. — Asking liim to forward the
attached reply of his Highness to tlie letter of the king of
Great Britain.^

^ p. French. Misc. iv, 71.

* Sophia, youngest daughter of John George. t?ount of Solms Lich.
t Xo douM tlio letter of .Tuly 10 in .'*.P. Flaiulrrs, Vol. x, fol. 191.

8'2S

JoHX More to William Trumbull.

1612, July 2. London. — I have yours of June 10 and 24.
" I will write you somewhat though I cannot enlarge myself
as I would, and as indeed in this conjuncture I should, to so
inward a friend who will make wholesome use thereof.

" It is so that my master* is here arrived by order from the
king both secretly and suddenly, and (as we conceive it) to be
employed in some ser\'ice near his INI., which purpose of his I
think will soon he put in execution, unless the ill affected to a
sound and round proceeding in the affairs of this state can so
far prevail as to alter his Majesty's resolutions, which as yet
stand firm. Whether it hit or miss, this comfort we have, that
he makes no manner of suit of it, Imt is called to it by him who
hath the true right to command him either to stay or return,
to either of which conditions he is prepared, and standeth in
himself very indifferent. And truly, in mine opinion, whenso-
ever he shall leave his prescribed employment to ser\e in this
Court, he must dire adieu a son bori temps."

I have paid the 48/. to Mr. Monger for Mr. Withers, and have
sent to Mr. Buckner and Crasher to fetch their dues ; so then
the remainder will be (as I take it) under 20 nobles. I have
not as yet received your entertainments for April, May and
June, but they are allowed some time since, and will now be paid,
when I shall have some use of money for my particular, yet you
may freely charge me by your bill for such a siun or a greater,
as your occasions shall require : and I will not fail ... to
discharge the same.

1 p. XXII, 52.

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1612, July 3 o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 377.]

2 pp. XV, 29.

De Villiers Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, July 15. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of the 2nd. Here
we often neglect the things where there is present peril even
when wc could do them at no great cost, such as finishing off the
repairs and fortifications of this town, which in so many ways
is considerable. Of a truth, if there were only Saxony and the
others were thoroughly imited they wovdd have little to fear
and there is indeed no sign that Saxony woidd imdcrtake it
alone. But his intelligences and intrigues with the party
opposed to the Union, which are increasing, of which he has
given proof in this new election as well as in the matter of Aix
and ^lulheim. show sufficiently that he means to rely on that
side. Add to this that his people say that for reasons of state

* i.e. Sir Rapho Mirnvooil,

32 t

and Ijccausc of the great benclices and abl)eys whieh lie
possesses, he must needs keep in with the ecclesiastics and with
the House of Austria. All the same I do not know whether he
has handled the latter well especially in respect of the emperor,
from whom some words ha^■e escaped recently by whieh men
liave judged that he was scarcely pleased with him and mistrust-
ful. T therefore agree with you that his pretension is a leaven
to embroil us here for some days yet, whether Saxony sells
his claim or sticks to it. That is why these two princes are
advised to send a legation at ouce to France, P^ngland and
Holland to represent to the kings and states, their friends, the
objections to the admission of Saxony, the surprises of Juterbock
and in consequence the peril in which these Provinces still
stand, as Brandenboiu'g has decided to stand upon the treaty of
Dortmund and preserve his possession. We ha^'e his eldest son
here, aged 17, a gentle prince of great promise. He has seen
his mistress at Heidelberg* in passing and is coming to continue
his exercises at Wesel.

I am sending you an extract from a letter from \'enice, of
a Catholic personage and ^"ery judicious. I^lease be careful
with it in the place where you are and then send it to M. de
Beaulieu on my bclialf and to the Wirtemberg ambassadors to
whom alone you may shoAv the cop_\'. I am sorry to hear by the
letters of the father of M. de Buwinkhausen that they have no
better success in the matter of Montbeliart.

\ Postscript]. — I beg you to send me word if father Neyen is
l)ack from Rome, and if it is for public or conventual affairs.

1 p. French, xxvii, 110.

John Brownlowe to AVilliam Trumiull.

161 "2, July 7. Antwerp. — I have made an end with Mr. Ware
concerning Sir William Stanley's debt on such terms as will give
you and your friends contentment. He would rather have
left all matters as wc found them. I thought it better to take
something than nothing, he protesting that if we had not pro-
ceeded so far and in such friendly manner, he would not have
allowed a penny of what he will not acknowledge as a debt,
but as a gift at my entreaty. He must give bills for the
remainder payable to you or to their heirs of Overand, but he
said your residence here was uncertain, and that he would have
nothing to do with Overand's heirs, and wovdd have made it
payable to myself or my assigns. Mr. Browne's son-in-law is
not yet returned to towii. nor can I come by such of my lady's
papers as my advocate wants, and therefore wish that claim
made in tlie children's name, or a respite allowed till Browne
returns.

1 p. XI, 137.

* Elizalintli f'harlotlc. second dausrlitpr of llir Klcrtor Palnfine. Frcdr'i'i<k IV,

•.i2o

Sir John Throckmortox t(j William Trlmblll.

1612, July 7. Mushing. — I ha\e received but one letter
from you these three weeks and that on 2nd iiist. Letters
received from England five days ago say that the king's gracious
visage of Winwood hath begotten an opinion (and he hatli alread\'
the voice) to be one of the two secretaries. Friends liere say
that they apprehend his sudden departure to be this that he,
having dcsoverte leur pot aux roses, will and can tell shrewd tales
of their dishonourable practices, and a muttering amongst them.
Already I hear that they are sensible thereof, and I have scented
by some discourse of late held unto me by a friend to our state
that our businesses with this state grow into great jealousies. It
will not be long, for the impatience of the Spaniard will not bear
any long delay of their projects, but that we shall discover of
what colour the effects of their malice is toward us. The States
General are now assembled, and so are those of the Fro\'ince of
Holland. Somewhat that I cannot yet attain to the knowledge
of (for they carry now their counsels witli such extraordinary
secrecy) will be handled amongst them, the better sort per-
suading themselves that the contrary begin to be weary of their
malicious handling these late businesses against H.M. ; but I
cannot see any alteration for the better in oiu" dictator*. He
struggleth terribly to be and to |l)ej ever Augustus. Assuredly'
he hath thus far wrought witli infinite cunning and great
dexterity and it is wonderful to see how in tins our aristocratic
government, he maintaineth it in liimself (monarchly) for in
nomine suo omnes gcneua flectent'f, and from his mouth only,
he giveth the law unto this goxernment. How long it will thus
continue, or why it pleascth God to suffer at this man's hands,
is only known unto his all-knowing, di\ine knowledge. On our
part we are only in our prayers to address ourselves unto Him
that it will please Him to convert or confound all the enemies
of His name.

You will have heard how the Id. Sankard was hanged at
Westminster before the hall door. He died, though a papist,
yet both persistently and resolutely. He had many beholders
and a far greater number admiring the greatness of the king's
justice, which could not be declined, albeit that H.M. was most
instantly solicited (beside many others) both by the French
k. and q. regent.

Our great one of SpainJ was brought from Gra\esend by the
e. of Dorset on the Monday and had audience the Sunday
following at Hampton Court, and must be dispatched on tlie
Thursday following at Whitehall. With such brevity, it sliould
seem H.M. meaneth to recompense the tediousness of his long

* i.e. Barnevell.

t I't in nomine .lo.sii uiiine genu llectatur. Jl'ihsI. Philip, ii, in.
} Don Podro de Zuniga. marquis of Flores d' Avil.i. Spnnisli ^Inlla^^s,■Kllll• cxlia-
pi'dinaiy. Sec Yencliaii Culemlar, Vol. xii. payi; 'Ji)2.

320

\oyage, and surely for aught I can understand the importance
of his employment maj^ very well bear all this.

1 expect my 1. viscount Lisle, our 1. governor, here this next
week. You shall make me still more beholding unto you that
when you have sent your advertisements to the States I may
be remembered as your second friend, I should be glad to enter-
tain him whilst he is here with such occurrences as my friends
\v'ill afford me ; yet particularly with this caution with which
I ha\c boimd up myself unto you and some other my good
friends, never to show their letters that I may receive. I pray
you trust me in this, for I know it is a great point of trust.

2 pp. Holograph, xxxix, 51.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1012 [endorsement], July 7. London. — I am entreated to
recommend the cause of Anne Potter. She says you will under-
stand her case, which is to obtain her right, from which by
potent adversaries she is debarred. I ha^•e \'ery suddenly been
called to England by H.M. 1 hope to be at the Hague within
8 days.

[Postscript]. — This gentlewoman entreats you to ad\'ertise if
you think H.M.'s letters to your princes will help her.

ll pp. XLVII, 54.

Sir Thomas Lake to William Trumbull.

1012, July y. Whitehall. — 1 am to signify to you in answer
of your last letters*, first for the motion of Motf- de Preaux that
it is true his Ma'> did consent, at the duke Bouillon's being here,
that order should be giv'cn on both sides to their ambassadors
in Germany and the Low Countries that the[y] should communi-
cate each with other and hold correspondency in all the affairs
of those countries which have relation to the common good of
both estates of England and France. And so his Ma*y'' pleasure
is that you should do upon all occasions and accidents happening
which you shall think to concern both countries a like kindness
and correspondency with them as you shall perceive they do with
you, not only in the coiuitry where you are, but in any other
part of (iermany, if occasion be offered. And so you may let
Mons'' de Preaux understand that you ha\ e received direction
from his Ma^ to do.

Secondly touching the matter of the priests his M. doth well
allow your answer made being \ery true, but for that you wish

* lU-l'erriiig l(i Tiumbull's aospalch iit 1 .luly (S.!-". Flanders. Vol. x, t. 193). He
M'p(M-l('(l that M. do Preaux Imd told liiin that ho and all the French jninistors
aliroad liad received a sti-iet precept to hold a free and confident correspondence
witli the English ministers upfni matters concerning; the common good (tf tjotli
cro\^■ns. 'J'he priests referred to were William Scot, O.S.H. and Kichard Newport
executed at Tyliuin on liO May (C'halloner : Mniioirn of flip Missioitiiri/ Prirstis.
\'i)\. ii, p}). 7(>-.s:i). 'ri-umimll explained that they liail tiroken the laws and inciii-retl
sentence of dealli. which the king liad mercifully converted into li/mishment. lull
tlu'y had since returned to lOngland and so desei'ved theii- fate.

;j27

for the I'litiire time, his M. liatli this ))urpose that, forasmuch
as he doth give hberty to those priests for the most part at the
mediation of foreign amb" , when he shall do the like here-
after, he will have good caution from the amb'^ who shall be
intercessors that the persons delivered at their suit shall not
return again to give occasion of justice to be exercised on them.

For your well wishes 1 thank you, but all things arc here in
suspense yet, and in his M.'s own hands.

ll pp. XXVII, 191.

H. BiLDERBEC'K to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, July 10. Cologne. — The catholics play the devil,
having got from the emperor a mandate against the princes
and the builders of ^lulheim, ordering its demolition, which is
condemning a party without hearing them. I feci sure the
princes will give a brave answer. I never thought the emperor
would favour Cologne against them. Yesterday arri\ed the
bishop of jMayence on his way to take the waters at Spa. I
expect he will meet your archdukes.

There is a report of a Frenchman trying to miu'der prince
Maurice, whom however he only wounded in the arm. I fear
some future accident as I recall the report but 14 days before
the murder of king Henry TV.

The Venetians have made a fresh edict against the Jesuits.
It is a pity that all other catholic kings and princes do not do
the same.

The citizens of Frankfort are incensed against the magistracy,
and demand their privileges.

2 pp. French. Seal, viii, 123.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, July 10. Friday. |o.s.]. Antwerp. — The enclosed
from Monger came after the departure of my f)ther letters. He
told me of Winwood's appointment (as principal secretary) ;
some marvel, but I suppose his promotion must be a step to the
advancement of some of my old friends, and amongst them
yourself. By what means hath he wrought himself into the
king's good opinion ? nam est mirabile in oculis nostris.

I p. Holograph. Seal. xix. 18.

(iEORGE Russell to William Trumbull.

1612, July 10. Louvain. — I understood you were gone to
Marimount, otherwise I had epistoled you ere this. Your little
Telemachus and my wife, his conu'ade, hold passing good corres-
pondence together. If he were as thick as he is tall, he would
do me a great displeasure, because ingenio pallet cut vim natura
negavit. He left l)ehind his Pnerilis which therefore you may
send at your convenient commodity. He is not " reiragant "
like a rebel to his book, though willing to be satisfied with a

.^28

little like the belly of a child that is less than his eye, but that
time and discretion usually reformeth. He joincth his duty
with our loves which I send altogether enclosed to you, your
bedfellow and brother Balsar. . . What your credit and lo^•c
can do with the marquess and Pincks I beseech you to let your
endeavours make earnest trial. . . . Here are di\ers and
many relations come of the martyrdom of the two priests
whereof public sermons have been made in the parish churches
and university to excite the people's devotion to resolution and
the like.* The proceeding most bitterly and generally censured,
and the rest referred to Ciod's reformation cum et quando divinae
suae Majestati placuerit.
I p. Misc. IV, 72.

J. BeAULIEU to WiLLIA.M TrUMBULL.

1612, July 11. Paris. — They have been troubled here about
the contract of the marriages which the Spanish ministers have
sent back with some amendments, specially concerning the
infanta's renunciation, whereof the}' had set down the article
in this last correction in so absolute terms as if the infanta had
never been l)orn, and in many places had named her before the
king. But de N'illeroy after long conference with the Spanisli
amb'' is said to have reconciled these new differences with him.
Now the q. is sending de Puysieux, the secretary of state, to
Spain, to give more particular satisfaction concerning this, and
because in such cases a secretary of state is always sent with
the contract.

As the q. had not sent an ambassage to Spain in regard oi
Feria's coming, it was agreed that Maine shotdd enter Spain
afore Pastrana entered France. But they woidd not let the;
latter leave Madrid till Maine was within tiiree or four days'
journey thereof. By letters of the 2nd o.s. we understand
from Digby that when Maine was near Burgos, some of his
troop, going before, met a company of soldiers going from
C'astille to Navarre, and misunderstanding their benediciones
de camino, came to blows with them, the duke himself even
being forced to draw against the Spaniards who retired to a
church, where the duke proposed to assail them, if the governor
of Burgos had not pacified the matter. It is said that the king
intends to spend 800,000 ducats on entertaining the duke.
Pastrana has provided 80,000 /. for his journey. He left Madrid
on the 5th n.s., Lerma accompanying him out of the town.
Maine will make his entry on the 13th.

Sir J. Digby wrote that the constable of Castile had returned
from Italy, that Don Alonso de Velasco was to be revoked from
England, and that Don Diego de Sarmiento, a gentleman of good
reputation and a good scholar, was to succeed him ; also that
five or six of the king's galleons had been lost off Florida.

• Williairi .Scot .iiicl Ricliard Newport. !<ee ahovii.

inteudiug to invade a country tliero j)ossessed by strangers,
thought to be Virginia, from whieli the Spaniards threaten to
drive the Enghsh. Cunega is thought to ha\e eiiarge to deal
with our king on that subject.

The q. is labouring for Desdiguieres' reception as duke and
peer of France, which the I'arlement iiere have refused. She
proposes first to send the princes and some of the principal
officers, which have place in the Parlement, to make them agree,
and if they fail, to go herself and carry the matter.

('omplaints have been made against de Rohan who liath ])ut
out the sergeant major of St. Jean d' Angely, called (iratelon
after he had received hard usage of Hautcfontaine who is said
to be the author of his master's violent courses.

(ireat commendation is given here to Ansel for his services
in the new election in Germany. He is said to have broached
a new treaty between the duke of Saxe and the marquis of
Brandenburg for compovmding the difference of Juliers.

Your last letter was of 2-('th June.

l^oth for your sister Bet's sake and my own, send a dozen or
two of the mallow roots' sticks which the apothecaries sell for
the cleansing of the teetli.

S pp. V, 31.

MONSIKLR DK BURK to WiLLlAil TrU.MISLLI,.

IGI'2, July 21. Dusseldorp. — It is se\eral months since I
liad letters from you, although 1 have written since we arc here.
Having no answer I cannot say where the fault lies. If it is
mine, please let me know so that I may put it right, and also
if there is am' sign of yovu' recall to England. l)ecause, before
then, I want to visit you, if the Lord wills. Vou will haxc
heard of the emperor's order to demolish tlic new town of
MuUain. That annoys the princes greatly. I believe they will
send him their remonstrances and persist in going on. Thc_\'
are also on the j)oint of sending an embassy to France and
England. The instructions are already drawn and all the letters
of credence and other necessaries ; but there are still some
difficulties.

1^ pp. French. Misc. iv, 73.

MONSIKUR NiEULAND to VVlLLIAM ThU.MBLLL.

1612, July 23. The Hague. — I am rather imeasy about the
matter of M. Winwood. From what I have gathered from a
great friend he has gone to England in liope of the office of
secretary, taking as a pretext the affairs of the Hanse Towns,
so that if things do not happen as he hopes he will be able to
retiu'n honourably. I hope that it will all go as he wishes and
that we shall ha\e your lordship here as ordinary in his place.

The deputies of the Hanse T(jwns arri\-ed here six days ago,
but the affair is not yet settled. Yesterday evening Si.
Schombierg arrived here on behalf of I he Palatine, on his wav

380

towards Great Britain. The brother oi' ^1. Bariieveld, who was
pensionary of Rotterdam, is Vjuried to day. He was t'onnd
dead in Ijed three days ago. My brother writes me from
(iermany, among other things, that it was decided among the
electors, when the assembly was broken up, to send an honour-
able embassy to the kings of Denmark and Sweden to reconcile
those princes.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 75.

The Lords of the Council to William Tkumbull.

1612, July 14. Whitehall.— The complaint of Thomas
Alberie being so long insisted upon by your solicitation to the
state there, order has been taken that the ambassador here
resident for the archdukes should be dealt withal for a reason-
able end. He hath vuidertaken to move the state there, and we
recommend the like course to you.

I p. Signed : H. Northampton, G. Cant, T. EUesmere, Cane.
E. W^orccster, W. Knollys, E. Wotton, J. Herbert, Jul. Caesar,
Thos. Powis. I, 108.

[Pierre] Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, July 14. [Frankfort]. — Mons' Pavil being gone I ask
you to address the enclosed to colonel Schomberg who is now
on your side to arrange for the coming of the elector. AVe have
no news except that his Imperial Majesty left Nuremberg on
the 7th after a great reception. He is going to Prague to settle
the business of Hungary and Transilvania, which seem unsettled
by his absence. The citizens of Frankfort are dissatisfied with
their magistrates. W^e are here to arrange the suite of his
Highness that he may visit what he desires most in the world.

1 p. French, xxi, 125.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, July 15. |Vlushing]. — Yours by Mr. B'orbush, the
Scottish minister, I received on Monday at Midelburg. I
deferred my answer only to find out this little work of the
prince of Orange's. You shall find in it matter of good
substance, and not luifit to Ijc compared with the government
of this state at this time. By your last I percei\e that one of
mine, and that wliich I wrote lirst concerning Winwood's sudden
departure from these parts, is miscarried, or you would not be
so doubtful of the cause thereof. I expect Winwood here this
day or tomorrow, and whether he shall be one of the secretaries,
time nnist show. The king's favour seemcth to be great towards
him, but I rather think he will miss it at this time. He hath
his part of his crosses also, and that (as I hear) from the greatest
great ones, sed hoc tibi. Our Spanish amb'' extraordinary hath
not all his contentments in this legation. I wish it were worse
for him, for in e\"ery corner of the world they handle treacher-
ously with us. Your last letter was without date.

1 p. xxxix, 52.

•,i:i 1

H. BiLDERBKCK tO WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, July 25. Cologne- -I had yours of 10th on 22nd. The
princes are taking the affair of Miilheini in hand and will put
their case to the emperor. The building goes on and they are
anxious to get the gates up. I send you a sketch of the new
town. Colonel Schomberg has passed here in haste for Holland
and England, and will return by France.

1 p. French. Seal, viii, 124.

Thomas Albery to William Trumbull.

1612, July 16. London. — I have your letter of the 1st and
addressed myself to the Court, and there find that Salkweld*
was surprised about 1 months past by Sir Wm. Quedolphin and
so, with his letters, sent up to the 1. treasurer, either from Silley
or the Mount, and from him was sent either b)' his own pleasure
or his Ma*y'* express order to the 1. grace of Canterbury. And
being now con^•crted (although before he had taken three several
vows) is resident at the 1. of London's house well entertained
and at liberty. Since whose arrival there are come over
two Carmelite friars from Venice ; the one was appointed
lecturer at the church of St. Mark in Venice by the seigncury
there for the Lent exercise, which two being also converted are
also ready to make recantal sermons, both being yet at my
1. grace's, where I hear the other shall still remain, and the other
by the said 1. grace sent to one of the universities here to study.
These have confidently reported that there are divers others
of the like functions that would most gladly gi\'c o\er their
orders and retire themselves either hither or to an\- other place
that they might have means to live. I had it from Mr. Baker's
own mouth, which is one of his grace's secretaries to whom I
was recommended. His grace is much indebted to you for
your intelligences. I doubt not but you will one day iind him
ready to further your advancement. The Spanish ambi^- is said
to be appointed to come to Thibalds next Sunday to l)e feasted
by his Ma'J' and the queen. Some say his embassy is of com-
pliments, as the French amb'- was about the two marriages of
France and Spain. Others that he demandeth restitution of
the cautionary towns in Holland and Zeland for the money,
and to repay the money bestowed on Virginia, so tliat we desist
from that plantation, and from the trades with the East and
West Indies, with the searching out of the X.W. passage, with
presentation of a marriage with the lady Elizabeth, all which
tales, though I think they would have to be done, yet they
should not be so " mallepert " as to demand, being contrary
to the articles of the peace. Last Monday the lieger amb''- of
Spain was at Court at Whitehall with the Lords of the Pri\'y

* John D.alston alias Halkold, nf Moi-ktnd <•(». \\'(*stiii(pi-I;iiul. a scniin-iry priest.
Cat. S.P. Doiii. l(ill-S!. i>|). 125. 27!l.

Council, about a prize which was sent in by shipping, which
Davis and other merchants of this city sent southward. The
prize is said to have 300 chests of sugar and 60 tons of brasil
vakied at -1,000/. by our merchants. The man of war is yet at
sea to look for more. I hope the\' shall not ha\e to make
restitution. This Thvu'sday the lords sat at Whitehall about
confirming the privilege for our fishing with busses whereto they
were consigned by his Ma'^* letter directed to them dated
Nov. 28. The privileges are very substantial wliicli I saw and
read yesterday at \Vliitehall. A ship and a pinnace are on the
king's charges to watch the fleet at sea at fishing time. Mr. Lock
told me they would be granted. The Hans towns of (iermany
ha\e made a league offensive and defensive with the United
Provinces. Sir R. Winwood departeth shortly for Holland.
A Scottish lord hath slain Mr. Devorax, son to the e. of Essex
deceased, Ijy stabbing him behind his back. It is said to be
done at Oxford by the 1. Keloys whose father was master of the
Rolls. Some would have it for words about the lord Sancre
that was executed 14- days past.

I have letters both from the I.,ords of the Privy Council to
you and from the archduke's amb'^- to the Sieur Maes and Herr
Wesmal in my business. Though I have pressed the 1. for
letters, it was to make use of the time I was to spend here
without any impeachment tt) your reputation, and protest of
time will show that I ha\e not played the hypocrite. I hear the
Sp. amb"' hath put a trick on the 1. treas' deceased, saying the
marriages were first intended with the crown and princes of
England that have since been concluded between them in France,
only through liis nonchalencc, wh. he would turn on him as a
capital treachery to our state by reason he did not make it known
to the king when it was offered and pressed upon this state, and
he only counselled against it. Some say he was so malapert in
his demands that his Ma*5 refused to giv^e him audience ; and
that tlie c. of Pembroke and the 1. Wotton did shake him soundly
to his great reproach and their honoiu-. For Denmark and
Sweden I miderstand our merchants and others are lu-ged to pay
double customs in the Sound, so that a ship of 120 tons hath
been charged with 700 dollars for customs and impositions at
one time. The king is risen from Elsbourgh and beleaguered
Gouldbergh, a castle cut out of a main rock, invincible as it was
supposed. He is now marched towards Stockholm, whieli it
is thought he will take, for the Swedes have not yet resisted his
marches. His Stadholder Garet Ransou hath also taken in Eu
Land by Calmer, which being in a fertile soil is said to make
in 18 villages in this island 22 last (eight hogsheads in a last) of
butter beside their own provision. He hath 12,000 men, aiid
is said to march to meet the king the other way at Stockholm.
B> these means boti\ the east and west seas are under Denmark
and the Swedes cannot come at the sea. Thus I hope we shall
be further strengthened with a puissant friend, though tlie

;58;j

Hollanders bite their lips at tlieir great impositions, whieh tiiey
would refuse if it were not for our king, and by force make their
way through the Sound without any payment of customs. 'Tis
said the Swede would rather have the Dane pre\"ail than to have
the k. of Poland to assist them, l)ecausc of his religion, as also
the Pole hath enough to do with tlie Muscovites.

Our merchants sue for convoy in the Le\ant by reason of the
swarm of pirates, which suit I hope will lie granted.

The king giveth to tliem of little desert bountifully and the
prince is a good husband, though boimtiful in giving where he
seeth it merit eth. I have your letter of July 8.

4 pp. I, 109.

J. BeAULIEU to WlI.T.IAM TrUMBULI,.

1612, July 17. Paris.— before yoiu- last letter of the 8th
my lo. had heard of Winwood's sudden departure to England.
No man knew of his sending for by his Ma'> and a rimiour arose
tliat the k. purposed to make him a secretary. John More is
possessed with that ho})e. If he is now sent back without some
preferment it cannot but turn to his disgrace. If after so many
years service my lo. should see now his " punie " leap over his
head, " notwithstanding those grudges which have been l)etween
him and Sir Ralj^h, amongst so many as are now concurrent with
him from . . . that place, his wishes should rather go for
him than for divers of the rest, for the opinion which he hath
of his inward integrity and good intentions.'" The king has
engaged his word that he will not forget my lord's long services,
i)ut willeth him to continue here for some time, being himself
forced to bear the burden of many offices, promising to prepare
him some good preferment, worthy of his merits. These are his
Ma'J'" own words.

Your senor Alexandro Rudolphi, the new emperor's amb''
is arrived, lying at his kinsman the nuncio's.

Xerestan. captain of the Scotch guard, seeing himself forced
to readmit those whom he put out of the company, gave over
his place, which one de Plainville, governor of Corbie hath
l)ought of him for 65,000 cr. The re-admission of the others is
on condition that after live months they nnist give over their
places again with compensation.

De Roquelaure, lievitcnant-govcrnor of (iuienne, hath kept
one de Barrault, mayor of Bordeavix, from entering that town
to assist at the election of the jurats. C'onde is gone thither to
repress the practise of de Roquelaure. who is supported by
d'Espernon.

I ha^■e written to Mons"^ Cappel, an old acquaintance of mine
at Sedan, concerning the advice gi\en you to place your son
witii Dahchamp. 1 will ask him and Mons'' Tilley, his cousin,
to entreat their care of the boy,

2| pp. v, 32,

334

Sir Dudley Carleton to William Trumbull.

1612, July 17 o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 378.]
2 pp. XV, 30.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, July 18 o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of June 17. Our
great French ambassador is arrived with 1,000 Frenchmen of
all sorts in his train. We hear that divers of his company arc
fallen out among themselves, and that some of the principal
men have gone back. On his journey when near Burgos he met
a company of Spanish soldiers going from Castile to Navarre.
The lacqueys began to jest, and presently divers French gallants
on horseback came and some out of idle humour cried " sa sa
cargons," and spurring their horses, charged the soldiers scorn-
fully with their quifa-soles [parasols]. This the latter thought
an indignity and struck divers of them from their mules. Then
all the French took to their weapons. The duke, who was
behind, came up, and with all his company assailed the soldiers,
who after defending themselves, retired to a church. No
Spaniard was hurt and they placed their banner on top to make
good the church. The duke determined to force it, but the
governor and chief men of Burgos came and pacified the matter.
Commissioners are sent hence to proceed against the soldiers,
and some will be hanged if the duke doth not mediate. Later
at a town called Barrajas they killed a hidalgo, whose kindred
complained to the king and there will be a trial, the duke
having delivered his people to justice.

All these new alliances will not wear out the ancient antipathy
between these two nations, and there passeth not a day without
some remarkable accident between them. This great troop
of French hath done my lo. admiral much honour, for they say
here that in regard of them Los Ingleses parcQian tantos Angeles.*
The duke is a goodly gentleman and liveth with fitting
magnificence. Hitherto he hath had audience only to give
pesami'f for the death of the queen. His visit to the " young
queen of P\ance " is deferred till Aug. 15. . . . All the
difficulties of Culley's business are now overcome except
Rawlins ; if he will not send his papers, he will wrong himself
and all the rest.

In the main business I have procured them interest at 10 in
the hundred. They will get 10,000/. more by receiving their
money here than if it were paid in Flanders, the debt being
100,000/. with principal and interest, and the exchange is worth
10 in the hundred. Bvit acquaint nobody with the end till the
business with Rawlins be compoimded.

4| pp. XXII, 126.

* Tho English wore like antrels l>y comparison.
t Condoloncos,

885

John More to William Thu.mbull.

1612, Juh- 18. London.— This friend of yours Mr. Albery
is so curious to iitform himself of the particulars of this place and
so diligent in soliciting all your friends to write upon our
particular, whereto I presume your ears are more open since my
last, whereuj)on you ha^•e perhaps grounded some expectation
of that which at this time hath no issue, nor can I tell you
whether or when it siiall. Yet I assure \'ou that my 1. hath
pmictually performed all the king's commands, his Ma^> being
pleased, botli at his arri\al, while he was here, and at his
departure to give him all the contentment he could expect.
Our friends tell us quod defertur non auferetur. But for our
parts, as my 1. doth not put himself forwards, as not knowing
whether he should get or lose by the bargain, not thinking it
good any way to intrude himself in such employment before
he be duly called, so am I not puffed up with any hope, neither
do I cast it in any account, liefore I see the issue, though if
anything come of it either to him or Sir H. Neville, I doubt not
but to reeei^•e such measure of favour as my poor capacit\- can
contain. At the return of the progress H.M. will fully resolve.

As I may be absent for most of the vacation I will deliver
80/. to Mr. Mungar or Mr. Quester for you.

1 p. XXXII, 36.

Sir John Throckmoktox to Wilijam Trumbull.

1612, July 18. Mushing. — I hope you have received the
apology of the p. of Orange. Winwood landed yesterday in the
afternoon much weather-beaten at the castle of the Ramekins
and lodged that night at Armeu, and so towards Holland. I
did not speak with him. For 8 or 10 days there was great
expectation that he should have been sworn of the Privy Council
in the place of a principal secretary, but he is sent back again
for a while to settle the business of his charge, and it is believed
that he shall speedily return to receive that honour. The king
hath used him with much faAour, but yet by my 1. Chandos, who
arrived here yesternight, and now ships himself for Antwerp
and so to the Spa, I am told that Sir Henry Xevill hath had some
promise from H.M. to be chiefest in that place. Lake will not
forego his hope also to be one, and now that Sir Henry Wotton
is this far on his way homewards (he this morning parted from
us hence towards Calais) there may be a new struggle betwixt
these four competitors. The brother of Monsr. Barneveld being
syndic of Rotterdam and his brother's right hand in all these
great businesses and thought the special patron of Vorstius his
Arminian opinions, the last week going to see his brother at the
Hague, going well to his bed, was the next morning found dead
in his bed, a fearful beholding to his brother. God touch his
heart by this just judgment so as he may repent, for in many
of these businesses the world saith lie is ver\- faulty. This

38(i

State's affairs are much troubled and lull of distractions, (iod
settle them better. Next week I expect my 1. Governor and
with him comcth Sir Xowell Caron. l)ut what may be the cause
of his repair to the States T cannot yet learn.
1^ pp. xxxix, 33.

|Dk A'ilij.f.rs| Hotmax to William Trimbuli..

1612. July 20. Dusseldorp. — With regard to the conference
})etween the marcjuis Sjiinola and Don Balthazar I cannot
imagine that it was about anything but the general affairs of
the House of Austria and Spain and to learn from Don
Balthazar's own mouth the humour, inclination and policy of the
new emperor, jiossibly for the regulation of their own. That
the king of Spain should choose to put an army into the field or
that your archdukes shovdd wish to trouble their repose and
hazard their truce with the States of the United Provinces for
Mulheim or for Aix or for anything of the sort, which arc
properly affairs of the empire, I certainly can see no sign. There
is a rumour here about preparations by Spinola. It is quite
possible that he has brought no more money than he needs to
satisfy his troops. Besides the Spaniards know that they would
not please either France or England, who have undertaken to
protect this possession. All the same we must neglect nothing
and I await your better information.

1 p. French, xxvii, 120.

H. BiLDKRBECK to WiLLIAM TlU^MBri.I..

1G12, Jidy 30. Cologne. — I hear by yours of 23rd that for
two weeks you ha\e had nothing from me. Tt is not my faidt
as I write every week.

We hear nothing of the emperor since he left Nuremberg.
The duke of Bavaria, the archbishop of Cologne and archduke
Leopold are also there. The latter is reconciled with Anspach.

Preparations for the English trip are going on at Heidelberg,
but the prince will await the return of Sehomberg.

From Zurich 1 hear the k. of Spain continues to treat with
the Graubunden for a passage for the troops whom he wishes
to send to the Netherlands, when the time comes for breaking
the truce, as many think.

A traitor has been executed at Berne for taking a pension from
Savoy and divulging state secrets.

Saxony has lately written to his Highness of Heidelberg for
the continuance of the amity which began at Nuremlierg.

The emperor is said to have committed to your archduke the
execution of the Mulheim mandate, but execution will not
precede sentence and the mandate cannot be taken as the
sentence.

2i pp. French. Seal. viii. ]2.i.

S37

John Frederick, Duke of Wirtemberg, to
William Trumbull.

1612, July 21. Stutgart.— Thanks Trumbull for the trouble
taken o^•el■ his affair. Has agreed to the sequestration, but by
the advice of his neighbours and allies, only on conditions which
liis ambassadors Mill explain. Asks Trumbull to discountenance
all instances to the contrary as lie cannot and ought not depart
therefrom without great prejudice to the safety of Germany,
or of the religion without speaking of the special interest of his
House. He is therefore resohed, in the event of a refusal of
the terms and the breaking off of the negotiations, to wait and
provide against the disagreeables that might happen, and with
which it seems they threaten him and for which, in any event,
time and opportunity will Ijring a remedy, although he promises
himself l)etter from their Highnesses and that counsels of
\iolence will not prevail with them. Has wished to inform
Trumbull of this final resolution in order that he may continue,
by his prudence, to direct these affairs to a reasonal)le end.

1^ pp. French. Seal. Misc. iv, 70.

J. Packer to William Trumbull.

1612, July 22. Whitehall. — Learning that Mr. Anthony
Edmondes was to undertake a journey to Brussels, I would
not omit the opportunity to write, though I be now going into
the country with Sir H. Nevill. . . There is yet no secretary
liut I hear the seals are to be delivered out of hand to my lord
of Rochester, which seemeth the more strange, because Sir T.
Lake goeth on the progress, who I thought should have had the
keeping of them till a secretary had l^een sworn. But I am
ignorant of the cause, being a man not much acquainted with
the proceedings of this place. I thinlc you have heard of a
course intended to reform the number of messengers, of the
lamentable execution whereof the bearer can inform you.
Neither am I so careful in that point })ecause I presume you
hear of all things at the full.

I p. Misc. IV, 74.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, July 23. Paris. — I have nothing from you last week.
My lo. is expecting an auditor's clerk from P^ngland to assist
him in the liquidation of the debt due to the king, whereof many
parcels are obscure and controversed. This settled, the king
shall understand from whom he shall be to recei\'e payments,
whether from France or the United Provinces, who are thought
to have underhand given assurance that they will take that
payment upon themselves. Li the meantime they are now
here in hand witli some merchants to make over into England
the 100,000 cr. due to the king in August, from the other half
of the 200,000 which were to be paid him, in defalcation of the
main sum. by the late treaty.

\VI. 12111 I\)Kn. Ill— 22

338

The sending of de Piiysieux to Madrid is thought disgraceful
to the d. of Maine as the chief points are committed to the other.
Pastrana has passed Bordeaux and is expected soon. This
Parlemeut is now divided in opinion aljout the admission of the
dukes and peers, but it is expected that it will yield to the queen's
desire.

Bouillon and Desdiguieres are here exjiecting the deputies
sent by the synod of Pri\'as to exhort them to reimion with the
body of the churclies. Tliey have written jointly to the
churches that they will procure the common good of the
churches. But we doubt of success.

Two counsellors of this Parlemcnt, one a Protestant the other
a Catholic, are to be seat to Poitou to take information of
grievances against de Rohan and f)f his complaints. He hath
written to the king, our master, to tell him of his past and
present actions, who advised him to give no just cause of offence
to the q., and study to work for the reunion of the divided
members of the churches in France, having reconmiended the
like care to Bouillon.

My lo. hath lately made a private motion for the marriage of
the prince of Wales and madame Christine. It has been very
well received by the ministers, but being advertised from Rome
that a match was as good as concluded with the (irand Duke's
sister, they ask to be certified of the truth. My lord, having
no knowledge of it, hath taken time to satisfy them.

The emperor's amb'', lodging with nuncio, hath deprived
himself of divers amb"' visits, wlio suspect intcUigeuce between
the pope and the emperor. The amb''- goes on t(j Spain.

D'Espernon hath retired to the coimtrv upon discontentment
with tlie princes of the blood about some munitions for places
in his government.

2i- pp. V, 33.

James Monger to William Trumbull.

1612, July 23. London. — I have lately received of Mr. John
More for you 80/. st. whereof I have paid to Messrs. Angus
and Bollocke for interest 8/. and to an old man upon a bill of
your hand 8/. 15s. The rest which is 63Z. if you please to demand
of Mr. Hobson I doubt not but he will pay.

|- p. Misc. IV, 77.

Walsingham Gresley to William Trumbull.

1612, July 24. His Highness' house at Richmond. — I have
a long time awaited an occasion to renew that little acquaintance
I had with you at our meeting in this Court when I was to return
into Spain. You have our good friend Mr. Samuel Calvert and
divers others that advertise you of all things worthy your
expectation and so prevent me. . . I am still with Sir Charles
Cornwalleys, treasurer of the prince his liousehold, and if you
would vouchsafe me a letter now and then when vovi write to

330

Mr. de Quester, he would convey it to nie as he dotli monthly
some from Mr. C'ottington.

The matter of Don Pedro his embassy is known to very few.
Many give their opinions, })ut the most part err. I can assure
you Don Alonzo (his brother ambas.) nor the archduke's ambas.
know not what he is to propound ; only Monsieur de Groote,
he that was the archduke's agent, is acquainted with it, where-
with the tA\() former ambass. are ^'e^y much discontented.
It l^reeds an ill aspersion on Don Alonzo, who having been
also disavowed is reputed scarce an honest man, at least
insufficient for the place.

That Don Pedro did not accept of the k. entertainment is
apparent that his long abode here is the cause, and his manner
of coming with so small attendance, considering his great ayiida
de costa which was given him, makes some tliink that though
he have an extraordinary title, yet he is not so in effect, but hath
degraded Don Alonzo.

His great correspondency with marquess Spinola and Calderon
makes the world think your treaty of peace with the States is
likely to go forwards, for since his audience he hath dispatched
tM-o express messengers unto them.

It is obser^'ed that since his arri\al he hath not as yet vouch-
safed to visit the prince but at Tybaults where he was feasted
and lay there 3 nights, one day being in hunting with the king,
he took occasion to speak with the prince and had a long
conference with liim in private.

My opinion is that you may there more certainl}' know his
propositions, for his speaking against our voyage, it is but an
idle rinnour. But it is conjectured that he came partly to treat
of an alliance with Florence, and partly tf) prove whether he ma}'
])e barkened unto if he propound anything concerning the
redeeming of the Caution towns and to win us from opposing
of your peace.

2 pp. Misc. IV, 76.

John Brownlowe to William Trumbull.

1612, July 28. Antwerp. — I have nothing from you cither
of those papers I left with you or of the procurement of the
request from Monsr. Mcyrbeck. Let me know if any sentence
has been passed upon our cloth. Let your man make a step
to Ric. Stampel and tell him I must have the money he had
ready for me at my departure.

We say confidently that the Imperial Chamber lias prohibited
those of Mulheim to desist [building].

I p. XI, 138.

Count of Arenbergh to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 7. — Acknowledges his two letters and thanks him
for the good will displayed and the assurance about the

8J.0

succession as well as of the satisfaction that tlic king of Great
Britain will receive about it.

J p. French. Holograph ; impression of signet. Misc. iv,
82.

Thomas, Baron Arundell to Williaji Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 7, N.s. Antwerp. — I thank you for your pains
at Brussels and Mr. Wake for his here, who hath let me want
the sight of no curiosity. Please send these letters, and return
such as shall come from England, to Spa. My remembrances
to Sir T. Edmondcs and his lady.

1 p. Holograph, ii, 111.

H. BiLDEEBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Aug. 7. [Cologne].— I have yours of July 30. The
deputies of this place are off to Prague to stop the liuilding of
Mulheim. I am surprised at the emperor being in a hurry to
issue that mandate. Much exception may l>e taken to it, and
it cannot be enforced without previous discussion ; which will
take time, and the Diet is nearly due. Tlie Imperial advisers
will find their mistake. We shall gain all the time m'c can.

The em])eror will find work at N'ienna, where he will have to
satisfy the states of Austria, who have submitted 80 grievances.
However the mandate shows us what to expect from the
emperor.

The Frankfort troubles are not yet settled. The citizens
appeal to the emperor. Commission is given to the archbishop
of Mayence and the landgrave of Darmstat, or their deputies,
to settle the difference. The latter is not acceptable to the
citizens, being a relative of the magistrate, and tliey call for a
third commissary. The citizens will get nothing.

I send you a copy of a notice published here against the last
claim of the Princes Possedants. They dare to say that they
have ne\('r hmited down those of the religion. Also a copy of
the Imperial mandate against Frankfort.

S pp. French. Seals, viii, 126.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Jidy 29. Paris. — My friend Monsr. Capcll of Sedan
reports Avell of Dalichamps, except that he has an Englishman,
Mr. Allain, in his house, which may stay your son's learning
French. Capell would take liim in his mother's house.

We expect Pastrana on Simday or Monday. He brings 300
persons and 450 mules. To avoid the insolence of the Parisians
crying aux asnes as they did l>efore Feria, he requests that
250 horses may be sent about 5 or 6 leagues. Bonoeil, conductor
of ambassadors, meets him at Estampes, and the next day
the marquis de Coeuvre, Lt. -General of the Isle of France,
will receive him there and M. de Guise or another magnate will
welcome him. This matches Maync's reception in Spain which

was mean till he came to IMadrid. The great ballet which
was intended will be forborne, because the k. and q. would
have to feast the duke at their own table, and only Ills omii table,
with covers for 30, will be defrayed. He will l)e a FHostel
de Navarre Ijelonging to de Roquelaure. Bouillon, \vho was
going to Sedan, hath been stayed by the q. to be jiresent
at the negoeiation. At Maine's entry to Madrid all prisoners
were set at liberty. Some of the soldiers, who seized some of
his baggage by the way, were to be hanged, others sent to the
galleys, but Maine made suit for them.

The broil at Bordeaux between de Rohan and Barrault was,
on Conde's arrival, partly pacified.

From England we learn that Neville will be principal secretary
and Winwood second. But it is not likely that Sir T. Lake
will be put off from the place whereof lie is already in half
possession.

I shall be glad if Berruyer comes hither.

2| pp. Seal. V, 34.

Geokge Russell to William Trumbull.

1612, July 31. Lou\'ain. — Here is one come out of England
that declareth a tragedy like to be wrought upon certain priests,
captives in Newgate, to the number of 30, all like to be poisoned
in their salades at supper, which grew upon this that the arch-
bishop of Canterb. did solicit the king to rid the land of as many
as were in present hold, to which the king answered negatively
as a thing odious to Christendom, because it w^ould be thought
matter of malice and not government. The queen and the earl
of Northamp. more sharply took him up in terms, yet with
discretion, so that res erat infecta, but upon that a sauce came
to their meat that all of them that had tasted it had like to have
been poisoned. The rumour is brought here very confidently.
If you know ought thereof ... I pray communicate it to
your friends. Salute your bedfellow and good brother in our
names and tell her the fear is there will be much controversy
l)etween my wife and her before she can get her jewel again
being now jjut in her ear. Hereof . . lately we have had an
example between Mr. Halle and Mr. Maxile in England how
dangerous it is to pull the jewel away once fastened in the ear.
Ending with an end of one of little Will's lessons quantum me
diligis, tantum. fac ut valeas vel quantum te a me scis diligi, et
millies vale.

1 p. Misc. IV, 78.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Aug. 10. Cologne. — I have yours of Aug. 25. The
senate and citizens of Frankfort are still at loggerheads, and
the deputies of Strasburg, Worms and Spires have done nothing.
The citizens are moderate and respectful to the senate, who
seem to be obstinate.

342

At Prague they are reforming the Senate and the Reichof-
raad. The papists are still in a majority. Spinola is there
by this time. The administrator entertained him finely as he
passed by Frankendaal. I hope he will have difficulties at
Prague, if he is to draw the emperor into a league to 2>roceed
against Aix, Mulheim or Juliers.

ll pp. French, viii, 127.

Abraham Williams to William Tkumbull.

1612, Aug. 1 o.s. The Hague. — Some 12 days since we
returned here after we had been out just a month. We had only
one da}^ and two nights' warning and scarce time to make our-
selves ready for the journey, much less write to anybody. My
lord took his leave of the States but fur 15 days. He intended
to be out no longer and left no man behind him, his excellency
being aljsent and most part of the States General were away
for 16 days. I have two letters and hear of a third (which should
be from you) which has gone to England. Whilst I was in
England, I had no time to salute any man, nor knew the way
towards you. Since our return my lady's extreme sickness and
the trouble I have had to settle myself so distracted me as I
had no desire to write. We have advertisements from Lubeck
that the king of Denmark hath received an oN'erthrow with the
loss of 8,000 or 9,000 men, who passing over a bridge in Swede
and being entered some 4 Dutch miles into a hollow way, were
prevented lor the retreat by the breaking down of the bridge,
and set upon behind, before and each side by the king of
Swede's army which lay in ambush in the woods, few of them
escaping. No great credit is given to the report because Lubeck
is a party against Denmark. We expect the Palatine here in
20 days, about which time Schonberg will be here from England,
\vhose ambassage hither is to carry to his Ma**' the ratification
of what was treated here l)y the count of Hannaw. The sudden
death of Barnevelt's brother, the pensionary of Rotterdam, hath
caused much discourse. He was not only an upholder of the
Arminian sects and a protector of Vorstius, but a tyrannical
persecutor of the religion. What the two deputies from the
Hanse Towns have negotiated here, who are returned re infecta,
I refer you to my lo. for. As regards his particular in England,
if he obtain the place, I shall be better able to show my Io\e
to my friends, of whom you shall be in the first rank. I pray
God send us an honest man, who setting aside all private ends,
will have especial care of the common cause. My lady
Winwood, who very often hath been at death's door of late,
hath amended in these last 20 hours. There will be more
assurance when she is delivered of her burden about
Michaelmas.

3 pp. Seal. Misc. iv, 79.

.•5 UJ

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Tbumisull.

1612, Aug. 1, o.s. The Hague. — I returned on 19th ult. and
found my wife in a continual fever, which I will make my
excuse for silence. We hear that the k. of Denmark doth not
nuich prosper in his war, and is retired to Copenhagen. Two
deputies have been here from the Hansc towns to treat with the
States about the redress of wrongs which they receive by reason
of that war, but for this time they are returned, and [have] done
nothing. It seems that the maritime towns Lvibeck, Hamburg,
Bremen and others arc not willing to enter with the States,
which they desire, into league against the king of Spain. Colonel
Schooneberg whom \-ou know is gone to England, sent by the
administrator with the ratification of all those points which
were treated Ijetwcen H.M. and the ct. of Hannau, at whose
return to Heidelberg tlie prince Palatine will set forward towards
England by this town, and ma}' make some stay here. Ct.
Henry purposes to go with him. Death of Barnevelt's brother.
To the end of your letter I can oiily say that resolutions of Court
are vmcertain especially of that nature : but I pray you believe
that in England I did you right with those ^vho have greatest
power to take notice and requite your ser\ices. When I have
means to do you any good office, no man shall be more forward,
because no man doth better .know your merit.

2 J pp. xlvii, 55.

Elizabeth [Countess of] Worcester to William Trujibull.

1612 [endorsenient], Aug. 2, o.s |Spa]. — Thanks Trumbull
for reeonunending a physician, and for the offer of his house.
At my first coming to the Spa the weatiier fell out so ill that the
water was not fit to be used. I doubt 1 shall be constrained to
stay longer here than I thought, and so be likewise forced to
return the nearest way for want of time.

{Postscript]. — Requests that her letters may be sent to
England.

^ p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 80.

H. BlLDERBEt'K to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Aug. 12. Cologne- Your last is of July 30, which I
answered last week. The emperor calls for the anticipation of
the Imperial diet, and for money to repel the Turks in Transil-
\ania, and has sent Anspach to the United Princes, who has
served him \\ell in the matter, but he has now been begged to
represent to the emperor that the orders issued against them
(with respect to their allies, the Princes Possedants of Juliers
about the building of ^lulheim) were not calculated to get money
from them. I do not think he will get nnich unless he revokes
the orders. So you see how the Turk is helping us at Mulheim.

Troubles at Frankfort are not yet over, in spite of the arrival
of the deputies from Strasburg, Worms and Spires, whom.

341.

though well disposed, the citizens regard with suspicion, as
present at the request of the magistrat. They have sent
deputies to Prague to clear themselves from the blot ^\ith which
the magistrat would stain themselves and their children. It
is to be feared the emperor will gradually introduce a catholic
regime.

The marquis is going to make a tour in Brandenburg,
promising to return soon.

1^ pp. French, viii, 1'29.

Samuel Calvkrt to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 3. [London]. — . . . This gent, brings you our
letters. . . . He will see Holland and I deal with my lord to
afford him favour. He wishes to consult you wh\' his brother
loves him no Ijetter and what means there is to gain his due. Our
great, strange, little lord is gone, and as soon forgotten. Sir R.
Winwood was here, to be secretar\-, as some gave out, l)ut is
returned, and on arrival after a most dangerous passage, found
his wife almost dead. He may come again, or Sir H. Neville
shall be preferred. Sir Thomas Lake wonders lie is not a
councillor in the mean time. The Signet Seal is taken from him
and given to Rochester. All our state is in several motions,
some towards good, that's the king, and some few, others only
bending their affections and power to preserve a continual
favour, which is the misery of our age. Everything uncertain
and tlie best hope declining. Don Pedro begins to plot his
business though he was poorly entertained. The k. is absent.
The queen ho^'ers about London, to whose court the Spaniard
hath access at pleasure. Don Alonzo is to return, as being held
too good to tarry. We expect the Palsgrave in a month. They
nay Spinola is going to Juliers to dispossess the princes. Ameii
(if it would break the peace or truce).

Our men in Denmark are mostly slain, at least those of quality,
being put upon desperate attempts. That king is (contrary to
expectation) somewhat careless of the well treating of his
brother's people.

Our plantations go on, the one doubtfull}% the other
desperately. Ireland with all our money and pains not }et
settled in any fashion to assure us either profit or safety.
Virginia less provided [?] for, b\' how much the last lottery's
benefit will scarce pay old debts. There is another intended.

Remember me to Mad""^ D. L. [?J Mr. Sherborne, after the
expense of 700 or 800/., is destitute of employment.

2 pp. Holograph. Seal, xiv, 46.

[Grey, Baron] Chandos to W^illiam Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 3. Spa. — For this gentleman you speak of I shall
make use of him before any other if I have occasion, but before
I received your letter I had ))egvm to prepare inyself for the

315

waters so as I shall iKjt have any necessary occasion to take his
physic unless sonic accident happen extraordinary. His counsel
I shall make use of in the mean time. I pray conmicnd nic to
Sir Griftin Markhani.

1 p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 81.

J. Beallieu to William Triaibull.

1612, August 1. Paris. — Your packet which you purposed
to send by Berruyer came by one of dc C'hastillon's men. I do
not know if Berruyer has arrived. He has had time to do
the journey three times oAer. He may be stomached by a
peremptory discourse of my lo. when he was last here,
concerning the business of Aix.

Pastrana arrived yesterday with 70 gentlemen in his livery
of scarlet with gold lace. Amongst 150 mules some 40 or 50
with his own stuff had crimson velvet smnpter cloths with his
arms embroidered in gold, and many lusty footmen were in
another livery. The k. and q. saw the entry from j)rivatc
windows. The d. of Xcvers received him out of the gates and
went with a companj- of 300 or 400 gentlemen as far as the
further end of the suburbs. Besides him there were few men
of quality, whereas it is reported that out of Madrid there issued
17 grandees to receive Maine. Pastrana was forced to stay
an hour or two in the fields, expecting Nevers. Tlie people,
after a proclamation against insulting Spaniards, was more
continent than was expected, although many at sight of the
meaner sort raggedly clothed upon their mules could not forl)ear
laughing. After Maine's first audience the king went to tlie
Escorial, and the second audience will be on 15th. His company
have had many jars with the Spaniards, and some of them having
killed a gentleman were delivered by the duke to justice. But
there is more concurrence between the states than for many
years. The United Provinces will feel the smart of this new
alliance.

The deputies of the religion here together with two of the
ministers of this chiu'ch, apj)ointed by the synod of Privas to
work a reconciliation between the great ones of the religion,
have had divers conferences with Bouillon and Uesdiguieres,
seeking first for an express promise under their hands that they
Avill depose all particular passions, and procure the common
good of the churches. When they are agreed upon the forms,
they propose to work a stricter reconciliation amongst them.
Whereof those of the state here having taken some jealousy
have told the deputies that, if de Rohan do think to work his
reconciliation otherwise than by addressing himself immediately
to the queen, or those of the religion to seek their security within
themselves rather than in her Ma'y'^ i)rotection, they will be
much deceived.

Conde came back last week having compounded to the (('s
liking the broil between de Roquelaure and de Barrault.

Those of the Scottish guard, by the king's reiterated recom-
mendations and by my lord's assiduous labour, are restablished
to the great disgrace of their captain.

I have spoken with the agent of Geneva, my kinsman, abovit
Sir John Throgmorton's memorial sent by you, to know whether
he, as a neighbour to those countries, could tell mc anything of
what is desired, who told me that he remembereth to have been
employed by old Mons' de S**^ Aldegonde in such a Inisiness
about the Ip. of S"= Aldegonde itself, which is in Savoy, but
could not get him an\- satisfaction because the land had been
devolved into some otlier hands, and was no more in possession
of his kindred. And for the lordship of Beaumont, he hath
heard of one in Bresse and of another in the valley of Tarentoye
in Savoy, but can tell nothing of either.

I have had no time to thank Sir Gr. Markham for his kindness.
I have deferred to send Mr. Corham's garters in hope to do it
by Berruyer.

3 pp. v, 35.

Monsieur Nieuland to Willia.ai Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 14. Hague. — Has received his letter of the Gth
and commiuiicated it to Trumbidl's friend, who said that it
was " fort bien escript " and that he would keep it to make
an extract. The next day he sent for mc and retvu-ned it.
King James' ambass"^* has arrived in Denmark to mediate. The
affairs of the Hanse Towns are not yet settled according to our
hopes. The duke of Brunswick has been asked by letter to
agree with the town of Brunswick as the citizens ha^ e repre-
sented. I think tiiat town is a great hindrance to the affairs
of all the Hanse towns in general. Our Provinces are not yet
agreed for the " repartition " of the soldiers and what depends
thereon. Barne\'elt works hard for it, bvit I do not think he
will succeed with the Frisians. The dispute between Eglisemius
and Vorstius will be in a few days. I have given a pamphlet
to our friend's servant who came here on his way to Amsterdam.
It is by an Englishman who says here in the open street that
none of oiu- ministers knows God. You will be able to see it.
Mr. Caron's arrival here is daily expected.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 83.

King James I. to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 5. Apthorp. — Upon the advertisement you have
given us Ijy your last letterf that you perceived that some
course was intended in those countries in prejudice of the cloths
of this realm, we have ordered that some consultation shall be
had by our Council upon conference with merchants trading
that way, whose resolutions wlien we have received, you shall

* Kolifri Aiisd'utlier.

t His (lesiwtrli 111' 22 .Inly. S.P. Flandcrx, Vul. x, I'. 2111.

hear of, and what we shall think ht to direct you to do. In the
mean time we hold it convenient that you speak to the archduke
in our name upon the ground given you by that minister of his,
with whom }ou write you had conference, whose allegation was
the impositions laid here. The answer whereof you may say
that we find that pretext very strange, first for that we never
heard that the archduke did complain of the said impositions
since their first laying, which if we had heard of, we should have
made him reasonable answer. Secondly we do not conceive
that the said impositions are any way prejudicial to him or to
his subjects. So as we have good cause to expostulate this
course taken with the cloths of this realm, which have ever had
freedom of utterance there by virtue of the ancient leagues and
treaties between the Crown and those of the House of Burgundy.
By such a motion our purpose is you should discover what the
scope of this new course is, and whether like to be persecuted
or no. And in the mean time we will cause consultation to be
had here what (in case they persist in it) is to be said on the behalf
of our merchants by ^•irtue of former leagues, and you shall be
thereof advertised for your instruction, if there be further
dispute of the matter.

Sig)i manual. Misc. i, 128.

H. BlLDKRBKCK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Aug. 15. Cologne. — De la Voye was the bearer of my
last, this is only to send the enclosed for Thomas Murray
recommended by de Plessen, who tells me it is partK- for the
service of yovu- king. The Frankfort senate is very hostile to
our religion, calling upon all citizens to give the names of any
from Aix whom they are housing. Building at Mxdheim goes
on.

1 p. French, viii, 130.

Alathea, Countess of Arundel, to Mr. Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 7. Highgate. — Asking him to convey such letters
of hers as reach him to the earl of Arundel.
7 lines, ii, 112.

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.

1612, Aug. 7. Venice. — | Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 382].
3 pp. XV, 31.

JoHx Dickenson to WillIxVM Trumbull.
1612, Aug. 7. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of July 30. We
hear from Aquisgrane and Juliers of great preparations, but
as you and de Preaux do not mention them, 1 see no ground for
such reports, unless some commission from the emperor is
expected against Aquisgrane, Mulheim or both : but the emperor

348

will not be so overruled (though Glesil rule him but too mueh)
in the former whieh is now Deux Fonts' cause, and consequently
embraced by the whole Union ; which doth also favour Mulheim
and will second the endeavours of these princes, who have sent
to Prague, to crave longer respite, and will send a deputy to
answer the objections of Coleine. As for the Saxon's quarrel,
when I observe the possible sequel, which the Spaniard himself
nmst see. threatening a general rupture, I cannot believe he will
embark. I have written to my lo. amb'- by one of those who
go from the el. of Brandenburg to France and England. Two
days since the marq. Ernest left for Brandenburg, to settle some
business of his Order of Malta. Before he left I delivered your
letters to him and Neuburg. Both princes grant their consent
and though the marquis be not present, his substitute coimt
Swartzenbiu'g will make good his master's promise. Enclosed
are letters for Chandler and one from Hotman to Freaux.
1 J), xxir, 53.

Sir Rapiik Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], Aug. 7, [o.s.]. The Hague. — I received
a letter of 26 ult. from Lord Rochester that upon certain
advertisements H.M. has received and namely from you, he
apprehends there are practices in your parts either against his
realm or these Frovinces. His pleasure is that we his ministers
abroad should hold straight intelligence together, and see and
understand what the bottom may be of all their designs, for
something is hatching both by the needless lingering of Zuniga
in England, the coming down of Mayence to your princes, b}-
that gentleman sent from Saxe to your mmcio, and by the
treasure which your Marquis holds in his hands. Yet perhaps
if this year they do nothing against Cleves and Juliers, next
year they will do less.

The enclosed is from ct. Maurice, Inform yourself of all these
circumstances, and whether any such Order be, or be to be,
instituted, and of the building of the hermitage, what this
man is, his fashion, stature, age and all ^'isible marks, what habit,
or fashion he ordinarily wears, and what you learn write to my
1. Rochester.

De Freaux has written hither that Spinola goes to the emperor
to congratulate his election, within 8 days, but we think he
has some better errand. The ct. St. Paid and d. de Longueville
are expected here. Let me hear of the receipt of these and
what becomes of the Advocate who is in prison for treating with
our Mr. Barnevelt.

2| pp. XLVii, 56.

Extract of a letter from Brussels.

" Here is one .Vrnold Fleming of East House whose fatlier
was heretofore Bin-gamaster, and his brother is now one of the
Aldermen of Amsterdam. This man since his revolt hath

been at Rome to sue for the erecting of an Order viz. " Knights
of Martyrdom," and hath built here an hermitage. He
taketh his journey to-morrow from hence towards Holland,
and saith he will go from thence into England, to see the
coming of the Palatine. All his words tend to no other
purpose than to slander the King of England, painting him
out for an heretic, a tyrant and an unrighteous usurper of
tlie kingdom : now saying he shall die in England."
Half sheet, xlvii, 56.

William Trumbull to Prince Hexry.

1612, Aug. 10. [Brussels]. — There is nothing which hitherto
hath hindered me from tendering unto your Highness the
unfeigned offer of my luunble and faithful service, but the
consideration of your greatness and my want of merit. By
nature I am born subject to the great king of Great Britain,
your H.'s most worthy father and by grace adopted to ser\e
his ]\Ia*y as his agent with the archdukes. I should think it
an inestimable favour and no less honour to have the happiness
of being known to yoiu- Highness and employed in your
commissions while I reside in these parts. But being ignorant
wherein my service may l)e agreeable to your H. I do in all
humility beseech you by the hand of your H.s' secretary or clerk
of your council to direct my zealous intentions and they shall
endeavour to witness the sincerity of my dutifid affections
towards your H. being the heir apparent to my coinitry, the
imitator of yovu' father's several virtues and the expectation of
the better part of Christendom.

Herewithal I presume to offer eneom-aged by the common
renown of your Highness' clemencj- at the altar of your benign
acceptance a book of policy and government as the first sacrifice
and earnest penny of my unfeigned devotion. Into which
boldness I am led, not by any knowledge of the contents (which
I have ne^'er perused), Ijut for the reputation of the person to
whom it is dedicated and the subject thereof which is the element
f)f princes of your rank and dignity. If it may please your
H. to take it in good part, I shall have now happiness than I
could expect or the gift itself deserve, but if it fall out otherwise,
I will lay the blame upon my own imworthiness and strive by
all honest endea\ours to repair the default by my continual
prayer to the Almighty that he will preserve from all danger,
in health and happiness your H' most noble person and give
you as great a share in his celestial blessings as you are like to
enjov in this world's terrestrial kingdom.

lipp. Draft. Min. i, 129.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 10. Paris. — I have yours by Mr. Hicks. Berruyer
was above a fortnight on the way hither, and arrived two days
ago, looking very weak.

850

On Thursday Pastrana had liis first audience, conducted on
liorseback by the Duke of Guise with his brethren and other
princes of his House, and many nobles. Their suits and foot-
cloths Avcre embroidered all over with gold and silver. Pastrana
and most of the Spaniards were in very rich black clothes. They
had 30 or 40 fair horses with black velvet footcloths sent them
out of the king's stable, and some five or six coaches only were
for the Spaniards, wherein some of them were in colour very
l)raAe. He has two brothers with him and other kinsmen. The
audience was at half-past seven at night, where there fell out
some great contestations, fir.st between the princesses and the
cardinals, who would have taken their places before them, liut
they being supported by the queen, the cardinals were forced
to j'ield and went out of the room in a chafe. There was another
quarrel between Conde and Nevers for the like occasion, the
duke having taken place upon a banc which Avas appointed for
the princes, which the prince would have restrained to those of
the blood only. They nearly came to blows, but Bouillon,
being sent after them, stayed them both, and caused the gates
of the Louvre to be shut till their quarrel was composed, which
was done by the q. afore they went out of the Court. Pastrana
hath been visited by most of the great men, and yesterday the
chancellor, de Villeroy and President Janin, with divers other
chief men, resorted to him with some or 10 coaches. Next
Thursday he will have his chief audience, when the marriages
are to be settled. Therein we shall see how the princes of the
blood behave themselves, who have hitherto been opposite to
the same. They would be content the world should believe
them to be so constant that they would not go back from their
former resolution, but it is thought that the queen's persuasions
will so work upon them that they will consent, though perhaps
they may have, or give the world, some hope that afore the
interchangeable delivery of the princesses come to be made,
some means may be found to make the same void.

There has been a great quarrel for long time breeding between
the duke of Yendosme and the marechal of Brissac for the
jealousies of their authorities in Brittany whereof the duke is
governor in chief, and the marechal lieutenant general for the
king. It lately broke out by reason of a favour shewn by the
q. to the latter by deferring to him the commission of assembling
the states which are shortly to be held in that province, and
forbidding the duke to meddle therein, who sent the prince of
Joinville to challenge the marechal. He desired him to associate
himself with some seconds, as the duke would do on his side,
who according to the appointment gi^'en went forth next day
at 4 in the morning accompanied with the said prince and the
chevalier de Guise his brother, the count of La Rochefoucaut
the baron of Termes, brother to Monsr. Le Grand ; and on the
other side the two de Lues with two other gentlemen of meaner
quality went forth with the marechal. But this last company

351

being stayed and brought back to the town by some of the q's
officers, tlie fight was hindered, and the others, after having
roved about the town some two or three days, were persuaded
also by their friends to come back. So the matter hatli been
pacified, but not without performing some satisfaction to the
q. who was much offended at their breach of the edict.

The deputies of tlie Religion and Bouillon and Desdiguieres
are come to agreement, and I send you a copy of the act signed
by the two lords. It now remaineth that de Rohan and his
friends do the like.

Ancell is returned from Germany, and is conmiended for his
services about the emperor's election. There is speech of
sending him to Holland as an ordinary amb"'. The deputies
of the Religion have complained here that the inhaljitants of
Vassy in Champagne hindered those of the Religion from keeping
their colloque on pretence that they treated of politics. The
deputies ha^"c l)een promised redress.

The league between Venice and the Cirisons is broken by the
practises of the Spaniards, which is held very prejudicial to the
former. They accuse the amb''- of France with the Orisons* to
have done them ill office therein.

Mon" de Preaux complains of bold language used to him by
the elector of Mayence at his late coming into your parts,
accusing the new emperor to be too affectionate to the
I'rotestants, for Avhieh cause he said it was necessary for them
to proceed to the election of a king of the Romans, speaking
also with no less liberty of the business of Juliers, Cleves etc.
which he said to be imjustly held by the Possident Princes,
because it was for the emperor to ordain of the possession tliereof
until the difference be determined. Which discourse of the
said elector together with that which you wrote of the sending
of the two other ecclesiastical electors toward the archduke,
and that which is advertised of the duke of Saxe's practises with
them also, maketh tlie world suspect a dangerous combination
among them.

I have thought better to send Mr. Corham's garters by the
post, to wit one pair of black, one of russet and one of tawny
of the plain ordinary making, but the best I could choose in
the palace, costing me 4 crowns the three pairs.

3 pp. V, 36.

H. BiLDERKKCK to WlI-LIAM TrUMBULI,.

1612, Aug. 20. Cologne. — I have yours of 13th. Spinola's
journey to Prague puzzles us. It cannot be only to congratulate
the emperor, and he is said to be collecting vast i'orces in many
places, but so secretly that no one can find OTit what is happening.
The Catholics declare he is aiming at Aix.

* Charles Paschal, amliassadm from UiOJ lo KUl. Ki.U : Hint, dc la Heiirc-
sentftfinn DipJnmnfiqite dr hi Fraurr nupreia tlr.s Cantons SaisNfs. ^'l^|. iii. p. IKili.

S-)2

The authorities here liave forbidden the townsmen to take in
citizens of Aix, and have even been hunting them up.

The el. of Bradenburg, wlio wislies to get away from Prussia,
is hke to be kept there for some time more by danger arising
from the Polish soldiery, who annoyed at losing their power in
Poland, in a threatening tone demand their pay from the king,
pillaging town and country, and threatening to turn on Prussia,
the states and people whereof have been warned to be on their
guard against Polish inroads.

2 pp. French, viii, 128.

Monsieur Nieui.and to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 27. The Hague. — S"^ Caron, ambassador from the
States to the king of (ireat Britain, arrived here last evening.
jMv brother-in-law, who has been with the S''- Schonenberg at
Londoii in connection with the marriage of tlie Palatine, has
also arrived and says that all goes well, although Zuniga hopes
to upset it, but I know not yet the cause of Caron's coming.
Patents have been given to ten of our naval captains to prepare
for sea, but I know not with what object. My brother writes
from Germany that the marquess Anspach has sent to the
Palatine for assistance against the Turk, which is refused,
because the Turk has not taken arms against Germany, but
against the king of Poland. The duke of Sa^■oy has had some
designs on Geneva or Switzerland, l^a^'ing corrupted one of the
" principals " who has lieen beheaded at Berne. The Palatine
is expected here in September.

1 ]}- Holograph. French. Seal. Misc. iv, 85.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], August 14. The Hague. — If my last
are come to your hands, you will find, by the description you
make in your last that though we differ in the name of him
who doth desire to make himself a martyr, yet in the substance
and all other circumstances of the adAcrtisement we do accord.
The man is well known here and if he be in Holland, I doubt
not but he will fall into my hands. Enquire if he still doth
remain with you, for he is of a fleeting himiour, full of caprices
and of an unsettled and unsteady brain.

Sir Noel Caron is come over hither and will be here till October.
Mv 1. Ijisle is now at Flushing, and will be here next week.

Here is a bruit that the bourgeosic of Cologne is up against
the magistrat after the example of Aix and Franckfort.

2 pp. XLVii, 58.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1G12, Aug. 16. Paris. — Your last of 5th acqviainted me with
Spinola's journey to (Germany.

Yesterday the contract of our marriages was signed, the duke
of Pastrana being fetched in coach to the Louvre liy Conty,

accompanied witli most of the inarcchals and other great men.
The company was not very great, bnt they were gorgeously
appareled in caps and gowns. The ceremony was done pri\'ately
in the queen's cabinet by reason of the competition of the great
ones for places. Contrary to expectation Conde and Soissons
signed the contract. There were, first the king, the queen and
inadamc, then (jueen Margaret, and after her Pastrana and the
amb'' lieger : then the nuncio, the princes of the blood, and last
the duke of (iuise. Hereunto assisted a Spanish official, senor
Maldonato, come from Spain as Puysieux was sent thither for
the like purpose. Some think that the princes of the blood will
retain power to cross the contract hereafter afore the inter-
changeable delivery of the princesses. I cannot think they
will do so since they have been brought thus far. Pastrana
and his galants are this day entertained with a baU and banquet
by q. Margaret. The k. and q. are to be there. The like is to
be done, at the queen's request, by most of the great men, slie
herself being iu\able to do so.

Pastrana proposes soon to go with the k. for some days to
Moneeaux, while the princes go to their country houses, and
Bouillon to Sedan, wliere he will welcome you if you go there.

Desdiguieres has leave to return to Dauphiny, hoping that
the q. will perform her promise to him. Order is taken for the
making over to the king the 100,000 cr. which are to be paid
him, at the end of this month, for the exchange whereof they
})ay 2,250 I. sterling to the merchants.

1 enclose a letter about your son to madame Cappel at Sedan.
Her son was tutor for two years to the young duke de Tremouille.

2 pp. v, 37.

Sir Griffin Markham [endorsement] to
WiLi,iAM Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 16. Dusseldorff. — Mr. Hottoman and Dickenson
delivered your letters to the princes and received good answers.
The marquess being gone hath left order with his vice-regent,
and before yesternight I spoke with my prince who is contented,
so as I hope, the next week to send Mr. Clarke his full resolution.
The father's name which you desired me to ask is Nicolas. The
son's I know not. Our marquess Ernest is gone into Brand,
and will hardly return these 3 months. The younger is still at
Wesel, but not with any intention to go into England as you
think. The countries upon his coming are ready to withdraw
what before they granted, fearing false measures. ... I
pray you remember count Maurice his letter and wliat else you
think fit for this place to know.

J p. Signed S. S. S. Misc. iv, 84.

J[ohn] S[anford] to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 10. o.s. Madrid. — The Cawley business is safely
embarked in the Indian Pleet. and is coming home deeply laden,

wt i2)« Dowi,. in— 23

854

the other galleon is dri\en forward cum geinitu maris et voitorum.
You mention that Colford intends to journe\- to Spain, though
my 1. will not persuade him to it unless his just causes move
him to it. Yet he wishes sometimes that he were here that
misunderstandings might he reconciled, and the main business
disembroiled from their private jars. Hard and hard never
made good wall : yet e\cry man will be stone, and nobody
yields to be mortar, and they will never raise a building. Let
them chide within doors, that the consulto do not overhear them.
Our Court is in gala. The d. of Maine is acquitting himself
very gallantly, and hath a great company xerv rich in apparel,
both themselves and their pages. On Wednesday, the day
before Bartholomew even they went to the com[mo]n gala.
On Saturday, the day of San Luys de Francia was made a public
holiday. The d. of Maine was at the court, with the king on
horseback, and went to the d. of Lerma's house near the Prado.
They are to go to Valladolid to be entertained with reed spear*
and bull fights. My 1. will write by Rivars. wiio shortly parts
for England.

1 p. Holngrajjii. xxxvi, 58.

Lyonell Wake to Willi.am Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 26. Antwerp. — If there be anything done in
particular for those cloths remaining at Dunkirk, or in the main
business of the general banishment of cloth, let me particularly
understand of it.

1 p. Holograph, xlv, 38.

H. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 27. Cologne. — I have yours of 20th. I am glad
to hear how well Schonburg has been received by your king,
though there are those who do not believe it, and hope that
Zuniga will stop this alliance. At Prague everything seems as
of yore and one sees little change for the better. Ct. Hohen-
zollern. President of the Reichshofraedt and Ulm, vice
chancellor, are both strongly against the reformed Religion.
I think the emperor will be unable to make the states of his
patrimonial provinces accept his demands, and to break the
truce with Hungary. Ulm, Nuremberg and the bp. of W'urtz-
burg ha^■e lent him money. The three ambassadors of Cologne
may do the same to gain their object. We are still building,
following the example of Hanau, which is as much opposed by
the elector of Mayence as is Mulheim by Cologne. Deputies
have been sent to the Hague to get the States to intervene.

The ct. of Hanau died on 19th He was intending to go to
England with the Palatine.

2 pp. French. Seal, viii, 131.

♦ Juego de catias. A game played by fovir mounted gentlemen, aimed with reeds
(caiias) for spears, fomiing quadrilles in niiniir skirmishes. Sei- Diccioiwrio de la
Letigua CauMJana miiiptiesio por Jn Ural Arod. de TCspana, sub roee. eaiias.

355

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 22. Paris. — I have yours of 12th. Pastrana has
been feasted by the dukes of Nevers and Guise, d'Ancre and
others. The q. will not go to Monceaux.

C'onde is gone to Valery and Soissons to Normandy for the
meeting of the states of the j^rovince. Desdiguieres is in
Dauphiny. Bouillon is about to go to Sedan, but all are charged
to return by the middle of October.

My lord hath been in conference with some of the Council
about the remainder of the king's debt, which they seek to bring
so low that it appears they do not mean to pay all. The ^'erified
obligations they will pay, but for the charges of the succour sent
which appear only by the rolls of England and amount to above
200,000 /. sterling they cannot agree and demand modification,
which I think the k. will not stick to come unto. There be some
older parcels pretended to be due afore the late k. coming to
this throne, amounting to almost 100,000 /. which they will
not acknowledge. His Ip. is expecting the k.'s order about
this. I think that to get one part he will forgive the other.

We hear that the duke of Savoy hath lately tried to corrupt
a sergeant of the garrison at Geneva, who has been executed.

I desire a card of the new fortification at Mulhem.

Berruyer has been very sick. He seemeth to make sure
account of Markham's proffer to him.

llpp. V, 38.

|De Villiers] Hotmax to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 2. Dusseldorp. — You foretold the command for
me to keep up sincere correspondence with the representative
of your king and Avith the ministers of all the others for the
common ser\ice, who will resolve nothing which concerns the
public good except with the general consent. You know
whether I have been remiss. Mr. Dickenson will always
complain of too much rather than of too little. God knows
that I have done my utmost for the good intelligence, to wit
with MM. Parry, Carew and Winwood and even with the late
king, who welcomed the overture cordially. MM. Ketler and
Stick* are noAv near Paris by way of Sedan. Our Palatine has
taken offence over it. They are certainly far too suspicious of
each other. They seek a way out of this confusion, but not
that which they should. Please tell me who has gone to Spain
for the duke of Saxony and what you hear about Spinola's
journey.

1 p. French, xxvii, 121.

H. BlLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Sept. 3. Cologne. — I have yours of Aug. 27. Schom-
berg has had a great welcome at Heidelberg. He came from

* Ambassadors of tlie Princos Possessionpi's.

;35(i

London in five days. His Highness is now getting ready to go
to England. Tlie eleetress Palatine has gone to see the countess
of Hanavi, who is left with eight young children, the last only
recently born.

The Imj^erialists keep up the rumour of a great Turkish effort
in Transihania, and yet Prague reports the frontier of Hungary
to be quiet. They want to get contributions.

Catholics here say that Saxony has gone to Prague to confer
with our great marquis and transfer to him his '' actions " on
Juliers. I believe tliis to be a false rumour to intimidate the
Huguenots.

Savoy tlirough his ambassador has told the Swiss assembly
that he wants the pays de Vaux, and has asked lor 1000
Lucerners for his guard. He cannot be (juiet.

2 pp. French, viii, 132.

Lyonell Wakk to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 3. Antwerp. — This trunk of linen pa})er belongs
to Sir Tho. Somerset, who will l)c with you within 2 or 3 days.
Content the post and what you disburse, take it again of Sir
Thomas.

IVIr. Thomas Alber\' left two red skins for you. Write how I
shall dispose of them.

\ p. XLV, 39.

Sir Thomas Somerset to William Trumbull.

[Undated], Thursday. Antwerp. — I have taken the boldness
to direct tliis trunk to you, having occasion to attend you.
4 lines. Holograph, xlv, 40.

Monsieur Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 5. The Hague. Has received Trumbull's letter
of 28th and communicated it to oiu- friend who is well pleased.
To-day we have news from the merchants that the king of
Denmark was prisoner in Sweden : others write that it is Gerard
Ransou and not the king, and that all the Danish men of war
have retired, it is reported, for want of pay : others say that
it is on account of the deaths and disease on the ships. They
say the nobles of Denmark are Ijcginning to murmur against the
king, saying that he is leading them to death, waging war " scion
sa fantaisie " and not " selon I'ordre militaire." Gustavus is
crowned in Sweden, and has 24 men-of-war at sea, who go where
they please. They speak of a certain quarter where MonickhoAen
descended with his men and pillaged and burned all around.
Is it not a pity to see our friends so incensed with each other.
Would it not be better to unite oiu- forces against Rome, Spain
and their adherents, who only desire and contrive our general
ruin. Those of Grauljuntners and of Vallay, following the
example of those of Dansick. h&\c put out all Jesuits, although

:in7

themselves of the Roman rehgion. The league with the Hanse
towns is still on the road. We here ha^'e told them our view,
and the deputies have departed promising to return with a
resolution, ]:)ef()re mid-October. Great efforts are being made
for reconcilement between Brunswick and its duke. There is
again dissatisfaction at Emden, but as it only affects the Nether-
landers a reconciliation will soon be made. The Palsgrave is
expected here any day and in London at the end of the month.
His Excellency will meet him, and eoimt Henry will go to
England with him. Tlie duke of Neuberg has in vain demanded
a daughter of Great Britain. He is now reported to ha^•e trans-
ferred or resigned all his claims on Juliers to the king of Spain,
and the duke of Saxe has done the same to Spinola. Caron has
left for Amsterdam, l:)iit will return this way to go with the
Palsgrave to England.

You are requested to read the enclosed and close it.

2 p2}. French. Holograph. Misc. iv, 88.

J. Beaulieu to M. Cappel at Sedan.

1612, Aug. 26. Paris. — Introducing Trumbull, who has
decided to place his son with Cappell and to bring him in person,
f p. French. Seal, v, 39.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 28. Paris. — I have been at work 20 hours for a
dispatch. I have no information yet about Sir J. Throgmorton's
business. The Spaniards here by their conversation grow more
and more odious to the French. As their liveries arc discovered
to be but the false glimpse of a counterfeit stuff, so tlie best
cheer of those that live in private houses is said to be but the
miserable fare of poor himgry lazarillos. And the baseness and
abuse is such in the duke of Pastrana's own house as that his
officers do every da\' sell away the best part of those provisions
which every morning are brought to them very plentifully and
exquisitely cliosen, at the king's cliarges, for the defraying of
his house, so that the French gentlemen that do resort to his
table are ashamed to see it so barely furnished. The duke has
had a private audience of the queen. He will depart next week.
The two contracts have been signed and Maine is on his waj-
home.

The nuncio here, a very factious and undertaking spirit,
to revenge the wrong to the pope by Richer's book, has got an
arret from the council of state for deposing Richer from his
office of syndic of the Sorbonne, and a successor hath been
chosen. The hatred of all honest men and of the most part of
the clergy is stirred against the nuncio and the Jesuits for the
great wrong done to the king's authority.

The queen has sent four or fi^'e companies of light horse t<j tlic
borders of Britanny to secure Brissac's authority there against
Vendosme.

.'J5S

Yesterday arrived amb^=- from the Possident Princes of
Juliers* to seek favour against the pretensions of the duke
of Saxony. They propose to go on to England.

Mr. Goring and Mr. Douce are going hence to Brussels, for
whom I entreat your kindness. My lo. recommends the con-
^'eying of the enclosed letter to your care.

2 pp. V, 40.

John Dickenson to William Tkumbull.

1612, Aug. 29. Dusseldorp. — To-morrow I will see the
resignation made of Mr. Pit's prebend, and will deliver the
supplications to the prince of Neuburg and count of Swartzen-
burg, marq. Ernest's substitute.

|- p. XXII, 54.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1612, Aug. 29. Hague. Either my last of July 31 did not
reach you, or I am in your debt.

Of Denmark we have divers flying bruits, sometimes that the
king is taken prisoner, sometimes that he is dead, and some-
times that his whole army is overthrown ; which divers here
believe because they do not love him. But we now hear he is
alive again and marched far into Sweden. We expect the
Palatin here in 15 days. I pray God his business may have a
happy success. Our enemies will pre\'ent it, if they can, and
have divers plots in hand to that purpose. Concerning our
going for England, I can say no more than before. liOrd Lisle
dines this day at Roterdam and will be here at night.

1 p. XLVi, 36.

Sir Raphe Winwoou to William Trujibull.

1612 [endorsement], Aug. 29. The Hague. — Since I had your
last by Sir Charles Morgan I have ad\ertisement from a very
good hand that youi- Mancididor has despatched two Frenchmen
to England, and put into the purses of each 300 cr. Of what
quality they are, and to what end they are sent, I know not,
but these [sic] circumstances of the part}- who employs them,
and the men that are employed in this conjunctm-e of our affairs
cause much suspicion. Sound the depth of this business, and
what you learn advertise my 1. of Rochester with all speed.
Arnold Fleming hath lately been at Amsterdam, but is departed,
and as I hear returned to your parts. To apprehend either him
or these I hold it impossible and out of purpose, but if you can
set a sjDy on him, the more assuredly to advertise of his passage
to England, you shall do opere pretiose, and if he land there, I
doubt not of his apprension in London.

This day my 1. Lisle will be here. Of the descent of the
Palatin mo hear nothing. The business of the pretended banish-

* Joliii dc IvL'ttlei' and Sticko. S.P. Geniiany, SlateK, Vj)l. xii, f. 34.

:3.5n

meiit of the Advocate is full of juggling. Crowell hath been
lately tampering here and there. We think he is still lurking.

Our news from Denmark is little and uncertain, but sure we
are that king doth not prosper iu his war.

2| pp. XLVii, 59.

Monsieur Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 8. The Hague. — Yesterday a deputy arrived from
our ambassador at Constantinople, who told me that in the 15
years of his stay there no ambassador had been so honoured as
ours, although at first there were some merchants called " les
Gisberti " who had countermined him both with the Sultan
and the Bashaws, but in tlie end they would ha\e lost their
heads had they not sought the protection of the French amb''*
The Sultan is said to have great regard for prince Maurice to
whom he sent a golden crown. In the event of renewal of war
against our enemies and his, he woidd place his treasure at our
disposal. As a token he has ordered that whatever our
ambassador order shall be granted to release all the slaves and
for our goods we shall pay only 3 per cent, as against 10 at least.
He had the present deputy conducted through his dominions
whicli took less than 7 weeks and did not cost him a farthing.
The Palatin is expected here to-day with a following of 12 counts
and barons.

'^\ pp. French. Holograph. Misc. iv, 89a.

Thomas Floyd to William Trumbull.

1612. Aug. 31. Paris. — I commend Sir Edward Harwood
and his comj)anions, Mr. Cioring and Mr. Douse. Our grand
extraordinary amb' took his leave _\esterday. Their Ma*"'*
would have wished his departure sooner, though the regent
hath laboured unspeakable contentment to be afforded him,
wherein our cousins of Guise have showed themselves obsequious,
and of the great ones only tliey, wherein they fear some censure
of England, Ijut chacun tasche suivre ses affaires, and the
Spaniard shall have no sooner turned his back (which will be
to-morrow or the next day) but they will vilify him d la
Frangoise, for they ha\c gathered a large catalogue of his
base and unworthy actions . . .

f p. XXV, 22.

Stiudkr's Certificate for Four English Soldiers.

1612, Sept. 1. Brussels. — Certificates that the bearers James
Boile, William Rawbon, Thomas Thajtes and W'illiam Elliot
were in the king of Spain's service in Brussels for many \ears,
and some of them severely wounded. They have now been

* Thi.s apjjcais to ))e ii report from Cornelius Hagu, Dutch ambassador at tlie
I'nrle, toueliing the lecL-iJliou of Sir Paul Pindar, tlie English ambassador wlio reached
Constantinople in Deeeniber. lltll. Tlie B^roneb amiiassadnr was Acliille de Hai'lay,
siour de Sniu-v.

360

turned out of tlieir garrison of Rhynberck by the Couimander
John Goucales, a Spaniard, who hath given every one of them
four times the strappado, and put them out of the town for no
offence, but because one of the company by some misfortune
burnt the collar of an Alferez doublet in discharging liis piece
while giving a salute. They complained to the archduke and
the king's pensionar\- of war, Manciscidor, and to seign''
Peckius, superintendent of justice, but can obtain no redress.
1 p. Unsigned. Copy. Misc. iv, 86.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 1, o.s. Madrid. — I have your last letter of the
12 August. If Colford is not on his wa\- to Spain lie sliould be
hastened. What I formerly wrote to you I entreat it may \ct
l)e concealed. If Rawlins will not allow his papers to be brought
to Spain it will not hinder Cawley and Colford proceeding in the
first fleet and there will be time enough to deal with him.

^p. XXII, 127.

William Trumbull to James I.

1612, Sept. 3. Brussels. — Upon receipt of }our Majesty's
letter of the 5th Aug. I procured audience of the archd. the
25th and then imparted unto him the reasons why your M.
finds it very strange tliat without any offence given he should
endeavour to restrain the entrance of English cloth into Flanders.
First of all I represented the causes and antiquity of the good
correspondence with the Netherlands. Secondly I deduced the
reciprocal intercourse between the two nations, by reason of
their situations, being the most commodious of all Europe for
interchangeable trade. I^astl}- I alleged the continuance of
the treaty from the dajs of Philip le Bon . . . urging the
18th Article of the peace made in 1604, stipulating a free and
unlimited trade in all parts of the Netiicrlands. I did also, by
way of prevention, assure him that if any man had made sinister
and untrue complaint of certain pretended improvements in
your M.'s customs, which might prejudice the common amity
or the trade of his vassals, they were much to be blamed for
their lewd dealings. I repeated that as there had been no
complaint Ijy the archd. or his people of the presumed enhance-
ment of the customs, it was not likel}' they were further
interested thereby than other princes.

The archd. heard me very attentively and answered that he
would think of the business and take such a course therein as
should be suitable to justice and reason. He required me to
set down in writing what I had delivered. I consulted with an
advocate of the town and one of the foremost of our merchants
trading to Antwerp and framed the remonstrance whereof I
send a copy.* It was consigned to the Audiencier and referred

* In S.l'. llanders. Vol. x, fol. 21!».

361

to the Privy Council, who iiave not yet given their resokition
or framed an answer. Although I pressed for a speedy dispatch,
they have deferred nie luitil next week, upon pretext of a
necessity to confer with those of the finances and to peruse the
treat)' of Intercourse.

Of this new passport for 2,000 white cloths to Ije brought in
Ijy the river of Antwerp I cannot say much until I may see what
conditions it carries with it. But since it is made in the name
of one Verstegan, a fa\"ourite of the Jesuits, I fear it cannot be
good for your M's subjects of the religion trading to Antwerp.

I refer in this to the ad\iee of the Merchant Adventurers
whom that particular doth principal!}- concern. In my opinion
that monopoly is opposite to the freedom of traffic and odious
to your M's subjects to ha\"c their goods brought hither in time
of peace imder the name of passport, as if they were ln^la^vful
merchandise ; when e\en towards the Hollanders, but latety
termed rebels, thej' now carry so nuich respect as to pass their
goods up the river Skelde without passports, though they pay
almost the same customs as in time of war. I have expostulated
with the archd.'s ministers about the significance of the word
passport itself, as implying a kind of hostility since they are
never in use but in a time of contention among princes. I
believe they ha^-e been maintained by the negligence of the
Eng. merchants trading to Antwerp. Coimt Aremberg and
Richardot on their return from London caused certain ships
which they found at Dunkirk laden with cloths to be despatched
without payment of any duties for passport which might havt
been continued had the merchants not prejudiced themselves
to hinder others from embracing their trade.

As for coloured cloths made in England I am informed that
they shall remain perpetually banished as they are at present.
But for white cloths the archd. by his last passport affordeth
licence to bring them by the Skelde, provided they do not exceed
the number of 2,000, and to pa\' almost double as much as they
did upon the last passport, within the space of 8 months, after
which they shall be forbidden for ever.

Anselm Prcvoste, who hath so diligently solicited the banish-
ment of our cloths, hatli vaunted in my hearing that he would
also procure it to be prohibited in Leege and Spain in 5 or 6
months time ; and it is very probable, if the arehd. persist,
that those other princes will follow his example.

On Thursday last the late earl of Tyrconnel's son had his
confirmation by the titular l)ishop of Dublin* in the English
nunnery of this town, the archd. being his gcxifather and calling
him Albert. The regiment of that nation ser\ing here is
certainly noiu'ished for no other purpose than to invade the
realm of Ireland in case of any disgust l)etween yom- M. and
the king of Spain.

4 pp. Draft. Miii. i. 133.

* Kugene Jlattiievvs. IJiady : Jiijimoijal Successii))i. \iil. i, page 331.

3«'2

Sir Dudley Carletox to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. i. o.s. Venice. — I have yours of the 5th August.
The duke of Mantua, taking offence against the publications
made by the duke of Parma touching the marquis ^lalaspina
as one that had a hand in the late treasons, doth call him to
account . . . and prepares by wa}' of arms to repair his
father's honour and his own. The duke of Modena and prince
of Mirandola are assisting him, as well as divers gentlemen,
subjects of the state, about Bergamo and Brescia. . . Yet
as the peace of Italy suits those princes who ha\e inost
authority in it, it is expected that this fray will be soon parted.
I am therefore the more troubled to know why the Spaniards
have suffered this matter to proceed so far, when their general
instruction is to suppress the first stirring of arms in Italy.
In place of interposing it is said they begin to raise new forces
in Milan. It is to be doubted that they have some further
design, and considering the courses held by their ministers in
the Low Countries, it is not improbable that . . . they will
have men in readiness to second their intended enterprises.

Here is a troublesome business fallen out between this state
and the archduke Ferdinand of Gratz. The chief occasion is
the taking of six Uscocchi. The archd. has sent hither the
goA'crnor of Fiume to treat their delivery and to expostulate
some wrongs done by the officers of this state to his subjects.
He was assisted bj- the Spanish ambassador . . and betwixt
them there were uttered many bra\'ados. A force of galleys
was sent to assail the Uscocchi, Ijut fell instead upon others,
the archduke's subjects. Repulsed at Mosconiza, they spoiled
Lurana. In exchange the Uscocchi have burned villages in
Istria. The expostulations of the Spanish ambassador and the
envoy were answered in general terms that they thought the
Uscocchi fit to be chastised, and for the archdk. they desired
to continue good amity with him.

Another accident of no small consequence is a sudden
resolution by the State to dam up one of the mouths of the
Po, whereby they hope to land uj) the port of tioro. The pope
is much offended, more for the resolution than for the thing itself
which he conceives will not take the effect intended.

The earl of Arundel came to Padua 2 days since from ^\hence
my Id. Rosse went last week towards Florence. I have been
long going thither to breathe some good air after a stifling
summer in these lagunas. I send you an abstract of my last
letters from Constantinople.

i pp. XV, 32.

Enclosure.

Pera, the 1st August, 1612.

The chief Vizier Nasuff Bassa is expected at the Porte within
15 days. . . . Upon information that Coastantine, the late
expulsed prince of Moldavia had by assistance of tlie Poles

collected a great army with intent to re-enter his princedom,
the Polish amb'' was stayed here until some were returned that
were sent to take notice of the proceedings. In the mean time
C-onstantine invaded the country, but was entrapped between
the Tartars and Shomshi, prince of Molda^'ia and whoUj' dis-
comfited. So now the Polish amb' is kept more close than
before* and doubtless there will shortly ensue a further breach
between the Turks and the Poles, except the Poles acquit
themselves by disclaiming this action and any further pretence
of Moldavia ; and the rather because the Turks begin to
apprehend their danger by the success of the Poles in Moscovia,
that Poland should become of power able to resist the Turk
with great equality.

The Capten Bassa is departed with 32 galleys and fregattes
to visit the coasts of the dominion in the Arches, when he shall
have gathered the guards abroad he may have some 70 sail of
galleys.

Yesterday as the Grand Signer passed out of the Seraglio to
pay his usual weekly visit to the church of Sta. Sophia, a certain
fanatic, going naked, threw a stone and hit him on the shoulder,
narrowly missing his head. As the king's physicians resolved
he was not mad, he was this day beheaded,

11 pp. XV, 33.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 5. o.s. Dusseldorp. — On Sunday the resignation
was made in my presence by Sir Gr. Markham to Neuburg and
Swartzemburg at the same instant. I delivered each of them
a petition in the name of Dr. Pits, for the collation of the prebend
on Mr. Pet. Now the grant is ready and Pet may come. . . .
The el. palatine will start for England towards the 12th or 13th
of this month. I know not if he will land here. He will at
Wesel to see the young prince of Brandenburg. But going to
pluck so excellent a flower, he should make all possible speed,
and have sent for a wind into Lapland that he need not stay at
the sea-side.

1 p. XXII, 55.

John Wilson to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 5. Rimbeck. — Renews request for a passport to
England or license to come to Brussels to procure the same,
not demanding anything of the king for his 7 years' service.

J p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 87.

* The prince of Moldavia sliould be Stepliaii 'L'omsa. Tlie Polisli anil>assador
Has Samuel Targowsky. He had been put under arrest Ijecause of support given
to (.'onstantine. Sec Von Hammer; GeM'hichir ih'fi ()sni(inisn'ht'n J^riefta. \nl. ii,
page 7 U).

364

Tlie Pastoks and Pkoi-essors of the Church and School
i>f Geneva to .

1012, Sept. 6. Geneva. — Concerning liis controversy with
Molina.

3 pp. Latin. Misc. iv, 91.

H. BiLDERBECK to WlLLlAM TrUMBULL.

1612. Sept 17. [Cologne]. — I have yours of 11th. The
enclosed is for Cokjnel Ketler, ambassador of the Princes
Possedants at Paris whence he will go to your king. We
expect the elector palatine here in 10 days. We have here
three ambassadors from the said princes, who in audience told
the " magistrat " that these princes were surprised at their
procedure about ^lulheim, and that if it did not cease, they
would resort to reprisals. The answer was that they had not
molested any of the princes' subjects. You can judge the
truth of the answer with which I do not think the princes will
be satisfied.

2 pp. French, vii:, 133.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 9. Paris. — I received yours of 24th Aug. on 29th.
The Brandenburg amb''^ are baron Ketler and dr. Sticke. Their
errand is to thank the q. for her assistance both in Prussia and
Juliers, and to declare his reasons for never consenting to the
admission of Saxe into the real possession of Juliers and Cleves,
first because his treaty with the d. of Saxe at Juterbock was but
conditional in case the d. of Neuburg and the states of those
countries coidd be brought to yield thereunto, which they have
refused, and second because Saxe hath not performed of his
part any of the conditions of that treaty, and lastly because he
hath eluded the ho])es of state which made both the kings of
England and I'rance and other allies to give their counsel unto
the admission of the duke, which was to withdraw him thereby
from Spain, whereunto they allege he hath since plunged more
deeply than before. Hereupon they have desired the q. to
let them know, in ease the duke should use any foreign helps
to assail their master in the said countries, what assistance he is
to expect from France. He offers that he will put in sufficient
caution for the satisfying of the d. in anything reasonable at
the final determining of the difference. The amb™ shew them-
selves to l)e much animated against tlie duke for notable wrongs
which they pretend their master to have received from him.
The}' are also charged to seek the q.'s intervention for the
pacifying of the war between Denmark and Sweden, and for the
compounding of the dii'ferences between the latter and the
k. of Poland. Having received answer here they are to repair
to Jingland, but have been detained 10 days here by reason of
Villeroy's illness.

3C5

Pastrana, after being feasted 1)>- Conde at royal command,
departed on Wednesday by way of Fontainebleau. Escorted
thither by the d. of Mombazon, he recei^•ed from the k. a jewel
worth 16,000 cr. and one from the q. of 4,000, ha\ing sent her
100 pairs of Spanish gloves. The meaner Spaniards are said
to have stolen a ninnber of things from the liouse where thc\'
were lodged.

The k. of Spain has not signed the contract — only Lcrma by
his procuration. That, they give out here, to have liked of
rather than the k.'s ordinary form of signing Yo cl Reij.

There have been broils in Rochelle, first because a coimsellor
of this Parlement, de Coudray, was sent to be surintendant of
Justice there, he being suspected unto them, though of the
Religion. The commotion was increased by the coming of
deputies of an Assembly held at Xaintonge for the preservation
of the town of St. Jean d'Angely. Coudray was forced for
safety to lea^'e the town under the protection of the Mayor.
He was fired at, and retired to Niort, and sent a report thereof
to Paris.

The duke of Guise and others having complained to the q.
of the wrong done to the d. of ^'endosme about Brittany, she
is reconsidering the matter.

The Count of Soissons and the marechal de Fervaques have
fallen out, the former claiming that the toMU of Quilleboeuf
was assigned to him by an agreement with the latter, which was
denied. Soissons then used threats, and the marechal, when
Soissons was going to Normandy, came hither to appeal to the
q. leaving a garrison in the town. To Soissons, exasperated at
this, the q. sent de Coeuvrc to take out the garrison and replace
it by Suisses.

3 pp. Seal. V, 41.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 12. Antwerp. — I cannot find or hear of the
treaties you required. The secretaries in whose custody are
the records of this town dare not without warrant from the
Burgomaster and Magistrates give out copies W'e have had
to put up a memorial to that effect, and are referred to the
report of the Pensionary de Weerdt who in hope of })rofit . . .
hath consigned us to the secretary Ewins in whose custod\' all
the treaties between this town and the English nation do remain.
From him we have prociu'ed this inventory which I send, that
finding anything to your purpose you may order copies. The
said secretary Ewins is now in hand to make search for the
three treaties passed in the years 1522, 1554 and 1566, and to-
morrow we shall know whether he can come by them. These
formalities have taken up two or three days, and I fear what
we shall find will not further your design.

The papers of Lieven [?j de Mair left with the clockmaker
are of great l)ulk, and of no little estimation in his conceit, but

366

I cannot see how they can edify you in this business. You
should let us know whether you want any of the papers in the
inventory. Mr. Wake will be with you on Friday by whom
the treaties shall be sent.
1 p. XIX. 20.

J. Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612. Sept. 12. o.s. Dusseldorp. — Hotman will give you
the news. Only I will say there is little sincerity in the world
and some confusion in the government here ; but we have this
comfort that they who can do us harm are not likely to stir as
yet. . . . The elector Palatin hath visited the duke of Wirten-
berg and the marquis of Baden Durlach.

I p. XXII, 57.

[John] Sanfohd to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 12. o.s. Madrid. — I can write nothing of the
Cawley business till Colford arrive, whom we expect daily. It
is like to succeed well, if the parties be not their own hindrance.
The Indian fleet brings the golden fleece and the aurum
potahile that will quench their thirst.

The king is to go to Portugal early next month. His youngest
son Alonzo died here last week, the first anniversary of his birth.

We have this year buried two more of our household.
Beaulieu writes that my negro kitchen boy is dead at Paris.

My lady Digby is great with child and keeps her bed.

Young Heath passed this way two days before I received your
letter to him. For old acquaintance we furnished him out of
my lord's house with almost 30s. in his purse and addressed
him to Bilbao, where he should find present passage for England.
I send you back his father's letter to wliom and Mrs. Heath
remember me, as also to your Deb. and her bedfellow badfellow.
Tuissimus.

1 p. XXXVI, 59.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 22. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of 2nd. De
Bures is here. I enclose a packet of Markham who will tell you
the news. These princes are sending to Prague to prove to
the emperor the justice of their cause, and the mendacity of
the Cologners, and also to the Princes TJnis. The same infor-
mation done into French and Latin will also be given to me
and Dickenson to send to their Majesties and the States, it being
likely that Spinola will have a note on the subject in his instruc-
tions.

The elector Palatine is expected here in a few days on his
way to England. I do not yet hear that Zuniga has departed
thence. Let me hear if Father Nay is returned. A \cv\ bad
opinion is entertained of his journey, because of the places he
went through and the one to which he has gone.

1 p. French, xxvii. 122.

367

From Prague.

1612, Sept. 22. — On the 18th an Imperial mandate was given
to the deputies of Cologne on the building of Mulheim, which
is to be intimated to the Princes Possessors of Juliers by a
messenger of the Chamber of Spire to tlie effect that within a
week they are to take away the licences or " gabelles " on the
Rhine, to stop building within 14 days and to inform the
emperor in a month ^^•hcther the\- have obeyed. A like order
has been granted against the workpeople.

Spinola has been much caressed here. He dined with the
duke of B^uns^^•ick on the 19th and has been in communication
with Clesel, the bishop of Vienna who governs the emperor.
It is said that if the princes reject the imperial mandate and
if the emperor has to enforce it, and asks Spinola's support,
he will gladh' give it. Although the latter told the prince of
Neuberg, when there, that he would not consider the building
of Mulheim as a fortress, at Prague he would have proposed the
contrary.

The diN ision of the late emperor's property is postponed till
after the funeral on Oct. 10. His debts arc estimated by tiic
archduke Maximilian at more than " 10 tonneaux d'or " [torn].

The emperor, the archduke Maximilian, the treasurer and a
sworn valet of the chamber work at the Imperial chamber,
called " Kunst und Schatz cammcr " practically every day for
4 hours, and they say \ery precious things were found besides
15 bales which the late emperor proposed to send elsewhere.

The emperor has had a severe attack of gout. The archbishop
of Prague died this clay*. The Tartars are reported to l)e
doing much mischief in Poland. The Poles arc offering a
stout resistance and have taken many prisoners.

^hPP- French. Misc. iv, 92.

H. BlLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612. Sept. 24. Cologne. — Your great marquis is at last at
Prague, and well received. He seems to wish to impel the
emperor to war with the Turk, promising support from Spain.
This would affect Mtdheim and Aix. The marquis passing the
frontiers of Baden and hearing gun fire at Durlach for the
ceremony of the oath by which Zurich and Berne are to confirm
their alliance with Baden, refused to believe it, till he heard
the facts from a captain who had been present.

The elector of Brandenburg has brought all his artillery from
Jidiers to Wesel, which has not pleased Newburg, who went
himself to Juliers to see that Brandenburg's commissioner had
not taken more than belonged to him.

The elector Palatine is expected in 3 days.

l^ pp. French, viii, 134.

* Karl von Lam)>ei^. Gams gives the date of his death as IS September, Serim
/^piKrojioriim. |)aa:e Mfl.T.

J. Beauliku to Wii.MAM Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 15. Paris. — I ha\c not yet been able to search
among my lord's papers about tlie duties which you request
in yours of the 5th.

Some have been imprisoned here for a design against the
queen's person, to win her love by magic. They arc a Spanish
monk, Clarissimo an Italian, one Bonpar of Dauphiny, and one
Moisset, otherwise Montauban, who from being a tailor rose to
be farmer of tlie salt and worth 500,000 cr. He sent for the
Spaniard and Italian from Sjjain at his own charges, as he says,
to be cured of some diseases. His confiscation is alrcadj' begged
by Conde and d'Ancre. Le (irand is in the conspiracy, accord-
ing to report, and Guise has spoken to the q. on his behalf, and
deferred his journey to Pro\'cnce. These sorcerers are also
accused of false coining.

On Friday a rumour arose of the king's death. A quarrel
took place near the Louvre between de Rouet, a captain of the
guard, and a soldier, who drew his sword and was pursued by
bystanders crying Prenez-le, il a voulu tuer le Rouet, which
was understood for le Roy. The people could not be appeased
till they saw the king coming from the Bois de A^incennes. Next
day he returned thanks in Notre Dame for the good affection of
the people.

The deputies of the Religion who went to St. Jean d'Angely
to procure de Rohan to subscribe to the act of Reconciliation,
already signed by Bouillon and Desdiguieres, have returned
saying that they found de Rohan willing, so that we hope to see
the ancient union between the members of our churches re-
established. But he Mould not restore the lieutenant governor
of the town, I^a Roche Beaucourt, as that M'ould be a danger
to the security of the town.

De Puysieux is back from Spain. That king wishes a league
defensive between the two crowns, which I do not think France
will entertain.

Villeroy is recovering.

From Geneva we hear of a new practise of Savoy, a traitor
having been seized viewing the fortifications, set to work, as he
confesses, by the governor of a Saxoyard fort called les Alinges.

Mr. Randolf and his nephew arc here, full of your
kindness.

\Postscripi\. — If my wishes could further the verifying of
your dream, \'ou should find me as forward awake as your
fancy was apt to conceive it asleep. If by any means that
imcxpected happiness could be expected from you. I conjure
you for myself and for all your good friends here, who have
longed these three years for your company, to lose no opportimitv
for it.

^ pp. V, 42.

Sir Thomas Overbi'ry to Mr. Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], Sept. 15. Theobalds. — I have done my
best offices for you toward my lord of Rochester, and my lord
hath done such toward the khig as I hope you shall find good
effects of it in due time. In tlie mean time l)e \'igilant and
large in promises toward such as only offer their service and for
sucli as perform the king will pro\'e as Ijountiful, nor shall
you want means to recompense merit, and you of all the rest
it Ijehoves to look about you, for your residence is in the shop
of wickedness. If upon the deatli of any great man in that
country, you can help my lord of Rochester to any good bargain
of excellent hangings at the second hand, or pictures or any
household stuff which they have there better than ours, it would
be a very acceptable service to my lord.

1 p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 90.

Contract of William Trumbull with the Prince of Orange.

1612, Sept. 26. Brussels. — The prince grants him 3 months
to consider the matter, at the end of which he may proceed or
abandon it. In the intcr\al no one else shall deal with it.

If lie accepts the prince shall gi^e him all necessary privileges,
as fully as if he was acting himself.

H.E. shall sell him all the wood he sells to others, at the present
price.

In the e\ent of disputes or war liolding up the making of the
irons, he shall not be bound to pay any rent ; and when the
troubles cease he shall resume the quiet enjoyment of the said
works.

Time thus lost is not to count as part of the term of 21 years'
enjoyment of the M-orks.

In the event of disputes or war within 15 months of the
conclusion of this business, any rent paid for that time shall be
restored.

He shall have access to seek for mines in any territory of
H.E., and the right to come and go at pleasure to take the
mine and coal to the works.

He shall ha^-e the right to take from the woods of H.E. what
is considered necessary for erecting the said works, which are
to be left in good repair at the end of the term.

He may have the 2 corn mills outside Diste on paying the
present rent, and also the place for a mill near Sichen, for a
reasonable rent.

He may raise the ground on each side of the stream serving
the mill of Siehen, and if this is injured thereby, he may liave
that mill at its ])resent rent.

He shall have all the facilities required in H.E.'s jurisdiction
for tlic furtherance of the said works, paying for any damage.

He promises to pay H.E. 3,000 florins a year during the term
of 21 years, the first payment to be on 1 April. 161 4.

2 pp. Spanish. Slisc. iv. 80.

\\i.]Oio rviwri. Ill- 24

370

George [Abbot], Archbishop of Canterbury to
William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 17. Lambeth. — I have your letters and
memorials and the book against Casaubon. I have been at
the consultation with the merchants touching the restraint of
our cloth in the archdukes' dominions. The lords were much
more careful of it tlian the Merchant Adventurers were for
thej- who understand tlie mysteries of their own trade best,
desire the LI. not to be too solicitous in it, l)ut to attend the
further event and seemed to conceive that the archdukes'
attempt would cool of itself, or they could right themselves
another way.

But now attend another matter. Li July last you wrote
liither touching one Abraham Vlaming, fovmder of the Order
of Martyrdom, that he was coming to England to commit an
execrable fact. There hath wanted no silent care for his appre-
hension. And I have " light " upon one in whom all your
marks of description do agree, for he is a Hollander, at least b\-
habitation for these 10 years. He is reasonably tall, of a slender
body, pale face, with a red head and beard. His coming to
England was at the time designed by you, and there are more
circumstances which may aggravate tlie suspicion that the
person now in custody is he at whom we aim. He saith on
examination that he is of the Reformed Religion, was born in
the Lower Palatinate, whence he came 10 or 11 years since, that
his name is Johannes de Horneck, that he was six years at
broken times a student at Leyden, served the States as a soldier
for two years and a half before the truce and is well known to
count Jolin de Nassau. These things run so contrary to the
other tliat they put us to a pause. Help to untie this knot,
and if you conceive him to be the man under a counterfeit name,
let me know with what we shall charge him and on what
particulars. You did not mention the age of Abraham \^laming.
This party is about 27, and perhaps not yet grown to that
desperate height of wickedness. Till we hear from you he
shall be safe, as he is, without any talk abroad.

1 13. I, 1.

[Pierre] Datiiexes to Wii^ham Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 17. Heidleberg. — His Highness starts to-day
with eight counts of his Council and 35 gentlemen to reach
Holland by the Rhine and to pick up prince Henry. Spinola
has been splendidly recei^•ed, but no answer was given
him, the policy of this coiu't being to a^•oid all occasions for
offence. The nuptials of Olzberg will be at the beginning of
next month, and many princes will be there. It is said that
archduke Leopold has resigned his bishopric of Strasburg to
Vaudemont the younger, that he will marry the surviving
daughter of Bavaria. T ask you to forward to London during
our journey any letters which may come to you for the elector.

371

They will conic franked to Brussels and I have arranged for
their further postage. We daily expect Monsr. Paul. Please
deliver enclosed to Monsr. Philippe de la A'oie at Brussels.
3 pp. Holograph. French, xxi, 126.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 17. Hague. — This day we expect the States'
resolution concerning the Garter for H. Excy. We have stayed
long enough for it. They will accept it. The administrators
of the East India Conipaii}- will shortly send deputies to England
to treat with our E. Indian merchants. They have offered us
hard measure in those parts last year. It is wished that both
nations would join in one company which is the only way to end
all difficulties. I delivered jour letters to H.E., who thanks
you for its conveyance. The king of Denmark is gone to sea.
Tliey sa\- the yoiuig Palatin will be at Cologne this day. I hear
from Heidelberg that all his train will not make 200. There
will go ct. Solmes, and the Rhingra\'e, colonel Elmstat and his
brother, colonel Schonberg and his brother, Mons. Landshalte,
marshal page of honoiu- to comte d'Eysenberg, the comte de
Solmes and a young baron of Bohemia and de Plessen and
Dathenes with 24 gentlemen and 12 pages and footmen. His
company will increase as he goes, especially in this town by the
count Henry and his train. My lady Winwood is recovered,
and is as great as she can grow. As to our going for England,
I can only say that the king intends to meet with his council
upon the 21st and then resolve upon a secretary, but who it
will be stands wholly in his pleasure.

\\p. XLVi, 37.

IjYonell W.\ke to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 27. Antwerp. Since I came from Brussels I
have had many discourses with Mr. Aynscomb concerning the
passport of 2,000 white cloths, and have urged him to tell me
plainly how he will deal with me for 80 or 100, which is all I
desire, but as I have found him in the differences with his master
and Roelands, so in this, for he hath so many evasions, circum-
locutions and shifts that no man shall take hold of his words,
so that in conclusion although I urged him very much of his
promise to you in my respect, yet all helpeth nothing, so much
that I am rather further from agreeing with him than some
others. In regard whereof and of the great inconvenience which
may hereafter ensue, I would, if you encourage me, make a
voyage to your town, and if it be possible to redress these
inconveniences, or at least to desire Messieurs de finances
to set down some reasonable price which we shall pay for every
cloth, for he is so far transported with a hope of great gain that
he M'ill not make any certain price but by circumstances. I
suppose about 18 gs. will be the price, and what hindrance this
exorbitant exaction will be to the sale of our English cloth, I

372

leave to you, being a Aery material point by you to be looked
into, for if we yield to giA^e more than before, it will ever here-
after be exacted upon us.

Write your opinion, for although Anthony Wither be gone
and ceases to prosecute this business any further, yet if you
will but a little encourage me I will come thither in his place
and follow it, for by no means this abuse may be permitted.
Neither if we will respect our future good we must not yield
to give any more than formerly \iz. 9 gs. or rather to pull
down that, for the less the taxation is, the more cloth will be
vented.

[Postscript]. — S'- Van Lemeur desired to have your letter
sent hither open, to have sent it to his brother.

l^ pp. XLV, 42.

Monsieur Blanckes to William Trumkull.

1612, Sept. 28. Sedan. — Your son has arrived. I am very
pleased to see him and will take as much care of him as of my
own. I have taken over his things as your man will tell you.
I will take the boy to see Mr. Melvin and your other friends
here. I hope to see you soon.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 93.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 19 o.s. Dusseldorp. .... The el. of
Brandenburg hath been in danger of being slain. Touching
Mulheim, we know not yet how these princes shall speed in
their suit for 5 months' respite, but we doubt that the emperor
will be again too weak to resist importiuiity. Some of the
disputes between the marquis Ernest and our Palatine are
accommodated, but many remain. I scribble these lines after
the drinking of divers healths, according to the miserable fashion
of this country, which may plead mine excuse.

1 p. XXII, 56.

News from A'ienna and Prague, 29 Sept. 1612.

Col. Dampier has won over by a stratagem 180 of Iiis
nmtinous soldiers, with whose help and that of otlicr
obedient soldiers he has reduced the other nuitincers to
submission.

At Prague there are two ambassadors of the elector Palatine
and the landgrave of Hesse \torn].

The emperor has issued a more severe order against Mulheim,
calling on the princes of Brand, and Neuburg to obey within
a month. The electors of Cologne and Saxony are said to have
offered to acconmiodate this difference, and in case of refusal,
to carry out the emperor's order. Spinola had his last audience
of the emperor and empress on 29 Sept. Messieurs Peckius
and Putz have arrived at Prague.

I p. French. Misc. tv, 92.

.'{7.'}

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Oct. 1. Cologne. — ^I have yours of Sept. 25. On 28th
M. Paul, the ambassador, arrived liere, who promised to write
to you on liis return to Heidelberg. Last week we had many
I)rinces, counts and countesses at Mulheim hoping to see the
Palatine, but hearing his journey was postponed they went to
Dusseldorp to await him there. We hear from Konigsberg that
the elector of Erandenljurg has narrowly escaped killing. If
the princes of Christendom do not join forces to avenge such
crimes, of which the Jesuits make profession, no king nor prince
will be safe.

ll pp. French, viii, 135.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 22 \endorse?nent]. — I have yours b\' Mr. Colford.
I enclose copies of the contracts between France and Spain.
Colford arrived on the 15th. His lordship made him very
welcome in return for his courtesy at Brussels, and gave him a
letter of recommendation to Sir J. Digby. Commend me to
Mr. Wake and Mr. Chandler. I sent for a note of all the treaties
I can find in my lord's book, that you may see which you want.

We are expecting the issue of the examination of tlie prisoners
named in my last. If tliey are released, it will rather be to
smother a foul matter than for ^^•ant of proof against them.

2 pp. V, 43.

1612, Oct. 2. — Extract from the paper of contradiction shown
to the Privy Council by those of Bruges and the Frank against
Colonel Boid on 2 October, 1612, to excuse themselves from
paying what is due to him.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 144.

J. Chandler to Wm. Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 23. Antwerp. — Encloses papers received only
the night before. Through negligence they have included one
not required, viz. that of 1495, and left out the one most
wanted, of 1488. Has arranged for it to be written out and
sent. . . .

^ p. XIX, 21.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TkUMBULL.

1612, Oct. 3. Cologne. — The enclosed is urgent for London.
His Highness arri\ed at Mulheim last Monday without entering
this place and \esterday was at Dusseldorf, whence I have just
liad this packet. Let me know wlicn the bearer reaches
Brussels.

I p. French, vin, 136.

.'{7 1-

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.

1612, Sept. 24 o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 397.J
l^pp. XV, 34.

Jan van Soutem to Madame de Worcester.

1612, Oct. 4. Louvain, at I'hotel de TEmpereur. — Abkiiig
for the return of the horse procured by his man for M. Rodolph
lier " dispencier," on his departure from that town, together
with the cost of hiring, as the owner is sueing his said man for
the cost of the horse and hiring, M. Rodolph not having as yet
returned the horse.

I p. French. Misc. iv, 146.

John More to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 25. London. — \ow returned from the country,
and busy after many weeks' absence. I acknowledge yours of
the 15th.

H.M. does not yet settle the vacant oitices. I conjecture that
Sir H. Neville will be principal secretary, and probably " Myn
Heer " with him*. For 1. Treasr. the c. of Northampton is
specially spoken of, and I think he may have it if he will. The
lords meet the king this day at Hampton Court, where if nothing
be afl'ected by Tuesday, I expect no resultat till the Palsgrave's
arrival. Your Don Pedro hath at length taken his leave, and
shall have 4,000 oz. of plate worth 1,500/. on Smiday ; and
on Tuesday will start for Spain by way of Flanders. Tlie intent
of the negotiation was to hinder the Palsgrave's match, wherein
were divers passages fit to be related at our meeting, wliicli when
it will be I cannot conjecture, until I shall see here a principal
secretary established. 1 dealt very plainly with Mr. Levinus
about your extraordinaries before the 1. Treas'^ death, antl
had this answer that my 1. would allow no extraordinaries to
any agent before the end of his employment. I will be mindful
thereof when there is opportunity. Meantime you may charge
me with your bills of exchange, for I ha\e all that is due to you
till the end of this three months, though some others are behind
for six months.

Munger will have given you accoimt of the 80/. delivered
to him in July last.

As touching yoiu- " Project " thougli I judge it very
necessary for this state, honest and profitable, yet considering
the humours of our people and our pri\ileges I jiresume it will
never be of any use here, and so not worth\- of the pains and
charges you have and may bestow on it. Yet if you please
(upon a second advice) I will return it entire, not having yet
shewn it to any person.

2| pp. XXXII, 37.

* i.e. Winwood.

375

T. MiERBEECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Oct. 5. — I think I have reason to complain of having
no reply to my letters for vestra navis in tuto navigat while
mine is swamped by the least swell and to send them rouses
suspicion. That is why I want to know if they are delivered.
With regard to the placarts, I have not found the last of Cambrai,
but M. Vereyken, speaking in general terms, said that the
negotiation would be free, principally about cloth. I will send
you the others by the first. Since my departure all has gone
well and I am in a position to know exactly about the king of
Spain's dealings with France. This being in train I will with-
draw to Middelburg to iiiform tlie king and his Excellency of
everything. I have invented this cipher, on which I made
overture to you, so easily that it can be read without confusion,
surpassing any cipher ever invented. I have also discovered
a way to write in the air and to communicate my ideas at half
a league away without anyone finding out. T wish I could have
an opportunity to see you, but for many reasons I cannot.
Nunquam enini accedam ad consilium nisi auro vocatus.
I beg yovi to write me what the king sends to you. I propose
to send my ciphers to him, thinking them worthy of his Majesty.
Also something else to put him in surety about the person of
Vlamink, begging you to inquire if the pere commissaire* has
not writteii from Madrid, for I am daily awaiting his letters,
with great devotion, and will tell you about them. I also ask
you to communicate to me what is passing over there, Sed
essentialia, as I will do. If I had a master so liberal and great
I would not fail to know the most secret affairs of state. Sed
opus sunt opes, sine Us nihil fiet quod est opus, as Demosthenes
says. I will send you the speeches and look for a friendship
which on my side I offer to you for ever.

li pp. French. Misc. iv, 101.

Monsieur Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 6. The Hague. — Two days ago one of the
Palsgrave's suite arrived here to arrange quarters for his train
of 140 persons. The intention was to come by Aernhem and
Utrecht, but the Rhine is so low that they will travel by
Nimuegen and thence by the Waal to Dordrecht. They are
expected here on the 18th. To-day the count Henry of Nassau
with count John will go to meet him. Caron is on his way to
England. Winwood is preparing to leave in a month for his
new ]iost there. I could wish that Hen . . . [torn] might
return here in his place. His excellency says that he hears
our friend is in Zeland.

f p. French. Misc. iv, 94.

* Pi'ob.'ibly referring to Xeyen.

S7B

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 27. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 398.]
21 pp. V, 44.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 28 o.s. Heidelberg. — I have been at home
five days, having had a troublous journey on account of the
plague which is killing many in and near Cologne. I wish you
could be present at the christening of my son next Sunday week.

There has been a bad change at I'rague. All the old and evil
counsellors are restored, witli bishop Gloesel at their head who
enjoys the reputation of having neither God nor religion.
They are doing their best to break with the Turk ; their
only object being to seek advantage over us. Their idea is
clearly seen when the king of Spain offers to keep up 3,000
men under Spinola to further his claims after the death of
the three brothers, his cousins, thinking himself nearer the
succession on his mother's side than those of Graitz, and to
have arms in his hand. Bvjt our people have their eye on
him. The building and defences of Mulheim are progressing.
Coming through Cologne 1 had a word with the nuncio's secre-
tary, who told me for certain that they would soon destroy
Mulheim by force. Spain is the last hope of the Papists. The
marquis of Anspach will be married next Sunday when there
will be a meeting of the United Princes and their envoj's.
Maurice of Hessen sent a week ago a solemn einbassy to the
marquis of Baden at Durlach to ask for the eldest daughter for
his eldest son. We hope great things from tliis marriage. The
administrator takes the insults of this wretched Procurer
Merwe much to heart. His Highness has sent the paper to
the United Princes and the States in order to consult them
thereupon, and then to write roundly to his Most Serene
Highness.

21 pp. French, xxxiv, 6.

H. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 8. Cologne.— I have yours of the 1st. The Palatin
arrived safely at Wesel and was well received everywhere ;
except that at Kerserswert some soldiers saluting held their
harquebuses too low and wounded a servant in the last boat.

The deputies of this town are back from Prague having
obtained mandata arctiora for the emperor against the building
of Mulheim.

1 p. French, viii, 137.

Robert, Viscount Lisle, to William Trumbull.

1612, Sept. 29. Hushing. — I am now going to England, and
would bid >'ou farewell and offer what office of a friend I can
do you here. 1 received from you certain patterns of lace which

377

I carry to England. If they are liked there, I will order some,
or otherwise I will return them to you. Of the hangings I have
not heard from vou.

p. Holograph, xxix, GO.

A relation of what passed from the Duke of Mayne's entrance
into Madrid till his departure.

1612, Sept. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii,
p. 391.]

6^ pp. XXII, 127a.

John More to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 5. London. — This bearer Withars departs when
many of my small businesses concur. H.M. hath lately used
very gracious speeches of Sir Tho. Edmondes and his own
happiness in being so plentifully furnished with able and worthy
servants. We expect the Palsgrave about the middle of this
month, who is more desired for the calumnies of the other party.
I cannot yet inform myself whether your friend's suit for trans-
porting bell-metal be reasonable, or no, but it cannot be effected
till we have a 1. Treasurer. I refer you to the bearer for our
particular occurrences.

1 p. XXXII, 37a.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612, {endorsement], Oct. 5. The Hague. — The elector
Palatine arrived in this town the 29th ult°. He is lodged with
ct. Henry but defrayed by the States of Holland. In his train
are some 150 but the direction of this voyage is imposed upon
ct. Solmes, Monsr. Plessen and Monsr. Schomberg, whom you
know. The elector is at Amsterdam and with the first wind will
embark at the Brill. The prince, both for his fashion which is
commendable and for his spirit which is active and full of life,
doth promise much, and I am fully assured that H.M. will receive
in him tout plein contentement.

We hear that your marquis is started from Prague, and we
doubt that he hath brought with him full powers to put into
execution the mandements which the emperor hatli published
against Mulheim and Aix. The k. of Denmark doth not thrive
in his war, and our English troops are consumed to nothing.
I hear that either Arnolt Vlaaming, or the devil in his likeness
is apprehended in England. Sir Noel Caron has been here two
months but is continued in his charge and sent back to England.

[On a slip attached, in another hand\. — Morbais lives in
this town and hath done a great while, though he hath now and
then pressed a discourse unto me, but I have always kept him
so at staff end as lie now gives me over. [Signed] Ajbraham]
Willi[ams].

2 pp. XLVii, 60.

378

H. BiLDEEBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Oct. 15. Cologne. — I enclose copy of the Imperial
mandate against Mulheim, which was communicated to the
Princes Possedans four days ago. It is now time to do what
they decided long since.

Spinola is expected here to-day. He is to be treated alia
grande. The emperor has again tried but in vain, to anticipate
the date of the Imperial Diet. The emperor wants to renew
the war against the Turk. This is to get money from the princes
of the empire so that the Spaniard may get it cheaper later on.
The emperor is sending commissaires to Aix, not to make
changes, but to inquire.

ll pp. French, viii, 138.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 8, o.s. Heidelberg. — Spinola is hourly expected
at Frankfort, where a boat is engaged to take him to Cologne.
From Prague we hear that his long audiences make it clear that
he is there on business. They are angry with Mulheim and Aix.
To Aix the emperor has sent commissaries to induce the inhabi-
tants to accept the orders already given in favour of the Catholics
and the old tnagistrat. For Mulheim the emperor is said to
have ordered Spinola to raise 3,000 men to execute his orders.
We are confident that this is only to frighten us. The elector
of Saxony has told the emperor roundly that he will not hear of
the Imperial Diet meeting before the spring and they must
not break the peace with the Turk. Spinola says that he has
never met a more politic man than bishop Glosel and the latter
that he knows no better soldier than Spinola. Imperial Com-
missaries are at Frankfort to settle the quarrel between the
Magistral and citizens, who complain that they have never
had their privileges. The match between the prince of Cassel
and the Baden princess is brought to the point that the princess
insists on having a Lutheran minister with her, which the
Landgrave refuses. The decision is put off to the Ansback
meeting. When our prince reached Kaiserswerth one of his
suite was wounded by a salute.

2 pp. French, xxxix, 7.

Thomas Floyd to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 19, N.s. Paris. — The great apprehension we
had of the wicked sorcerers and traitorous coiners in effect
proveth nothing, la Roche having hanged himself in prison,
as some think, others suspect he had either said enough, whicli
he might have afterwards retracted, or had something more if
he had not been prevented. Moysset Montauban will certainh-
frustrate the marq. of his confiscation, but Monsr. Le Grand
will not satisfy himself with the Parlement's declaration of his
innocency, pursuing to discover some inveterate malice against

.'J7!)

himself, and the original of this scandal, wherein he findeth
general and mighty assistance. This king's and queen's
favourites ill agree. The two princes of the blood take . . .
small comfort to be here though they are to that purpose much
sued unto. Count Soissons, after six weeks' absence and more,
was here but stayed not above three days, whether upon the
old or new discontent I cannot assure you. Your count Henning
and our duke Bourneville hath not as yet been admitted to his
audience. . . . Upon this day sennight this Court Parliament
passed an edict forbidding all assemblies of them of the
religion . . . without the king's special leave thereunto. . .
This is done (it is thought) upon a meeting appointed by them
to be held at Rochelle the 26th of this present, which the state
would gladly have prevented.

One Mons''- de Rambure of the Religion, a very worthy soldier
and governor of Aiguesmortes ... is taken prisoner because
he would have strengthened the place, by the constable
governor of Languedoc, wherewith divers gentlemen of the
country are much offended, and profess they will . . . resist
any other that shall be recommended to his office.

[Postscript]. — My Id. sent unto me to entreat vou to say
by the next what you hear of Sir Ralph Winwood, and where
he is. He has twice failed to answer letters. Mr. Poules has
departed for Rome, leaving his sisters in great assurance, as he
thought, to be nuns ; but I think they will find a rub they were
not aware of.

1 p. XXV, 23a.

John Dickenson to William Tkumbull.

1612, Oct. 10. Dusseldorp. — This bearer is admitted canon
here, but not on so good conditions as I had thought, but German
chapters arc strange bodies and have strange statutes, and
generally, in all nations, men aim at their private commodity.
The prince's letter should have cost him nothing, although tlie
clerks of the chancery would have murmured against me, as
appeared by the apprehension they had at the first.

I p. XXII, 58.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 10 o.s. Madrid. — ^I have yours of Sept. 9 and
another by Mr. Colford. The king will go to Portugal at the
end of Nov. The Council hold it fit that this being the king's
first action, and Lisbon being a place where there will be a
concourse of all sorts of nations, he should go with more
magnificence. His galleys, both of Spain and Italy, and his
fleet of ships are to meet him there, and he shall have divers
regiments to attend him. The Council of Hazienda have
provided a million for the journey. I still think he may not go.
If the ambassadors have to go, it will cost them or their masters
the better part of 1,000Z. Many here discourse as though

3«0

these forces shall upon his return to Castile go forward on some
other enterprise, some saying that they will be carried to
Flanders, where it is believed next spring there will be a war,
not immediately with the Hollanders, but in the emperor's
quarrel, who (they say) will declare himself in the Juliers
business, meaning to show himself sensible of the rebeldia of
Brandenburg. Others that these forces united in Portugal
shall under Don Diego Brochero attempt the removing of our
plantation in Virginia, and that the prince of Savoy's coming
with the galleys is onlj^ to cover their intents.

I hear from Lisbon that a ship from the Havana bringeth
word of divers soldiers there, both of Spain and others, which
this last spring were sent from Andalusia, ready to attempt
Virginia, and that to this end all ships that for some months
had arrived there, were embargued. Since there is news from
Seville that the Spaniards have overthrown our men in Virginia.
To this I gave little belief, but informed the Secretary of State,
who assures me that it is not so, but that the Spaniards muttered
that the plantation was permitted, and held it very unfit that a
company of voluntary or loose people . . . without command
or interposition of their king should go forward with that which
might in time prove of so much inconvenience to the k. of Spain.
We have here had strange rumours of hostility between England
and Spain, it being current for many days that some English
ships should have set upon the king of Spain's arinada which
came from Lisbon imder Don Juan Fajardo, and slain him and
sunk three galleons. I having occasion to desire audience, it
was bruited that the k. had sent for me and commanded me to
forsake Madrid in tliree days. Some ambassadors even sent
to me to know the trutli ; the Council tried to find the authors
of these bruits.

Father Nayen, a Franciscan, is lately arrived, who was
employed for the making of the truce with the States. He
Cometh from Rome. He had with Lerma two or three long
audiences.

The good old Constable of Castile will hardly be fit for public
business. He giveth out that St. Francis hath appeared to him,
saying that by his intercession God hath granted him some
days of life to repent. The constable hath now taken a
Franciscan's weed.

The new Conde Roderigo Calderon will have much ado to
get leave to return to Spain. Though Lerma seem to desire it,
Uzeda, the king's confessor and others are absolutely against
it. The Conde de Salinas is reconciled to Lerma. If Calderon
do not return, he may succeed Don Inigo de Cardenas in France.
The duke of Pastrana returned on the 7th o.s. Their reception
in France was more noble than that of the French here.
Cardenas at the first })ul)lication received a fair diamond, and
upon the new ceremonies a cupboard of ])late, but the ordinary
amb"'- there hath received nothing.

381

Don Diego Sarmiento is suddenly stayed, and made
assistente of Seville, and no other deelared in his room, which
hath revived the bruits of the breach. The secretary tells me
there will be a new nomination in a few days.

I am sorry that Colford hath not brought Rowland's papers.
Tell me what course they take in England upon the banishing
of the cloths, and whether they do not banish their Flanders
commodities, which are of greater A'alue than what we bring
from England to Flanders.

4> pp. The last para, holograph, xxii, 128.

[De Villiers] Hotman to William Tkumbull.

1612, Oct. 20. Diisscldorp. — These princes, to show their
respect to the emperor, have removed the war ship they had
at Mulheim and stopped building, but as to the abolition of the
licenses and the demolition of the ramparts they sent, a week
ago, deputies to the emperor to make their excuses and refute
the calumnies of their adversaries. We would know from de
Preaux and you the secret of Spinola's negociation at Prague.
We hope you are back from Sedan in good health.

^ p. French, xxvii, 123.

H. Bilderbeck to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 22. Cologne. — I have yours of 14th. The princes'
ambassadors have left for Prague, where the emperor will winter.
Anspach's nuptials with a countess of Solmes are now celebrated.

LandgraA'e Maurice has demanded the eldest daughter of the
marquis of Baden for his son Otto. It is considered settled.

1 p. French, viii, 139.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 14. Hague. — On Friday my lady was delivered
of twins. The Palatin desires to bestow his name on the boy
and his mistress's upon the girl. To accompany him my 1.
invited count WiUiam of Nassau and the princess of Portugal,
and to make up the due number took the lady Cecil and the
lady Burlace. This great christening was on Sunday last.

The Palatin is still here, but has sent forward his horses and
baggage that he may follow with less trouble. If possible he
will embark at the Brill, it being a double journey to go by
Flushing, though it be the surest passage. Spinola goes to
Bohemia, and will hover up and down those })arts till he have
new directions from Spain. I fear that cloud will turn to a
shower of rain and wet us all in those upper parts, which are
ill provided to hold out water.

1-J p. xlvi. 38.

382

William Trumbull to [King James I].

1612, Oct. 15. Brussels. — On Thursday last the marquis
Spinola returned from Prague and is now at Marymont to give
the archd. aii account of his legation. Don Roderigo Calderon
and some others of the Spanish ministers are there also to give
their advice upon his report and the resolution of the emperor
who (as these men vaunt) doth altogether favour and approve
their designs, both out of a purpose to oblige the Spaniards,
and to maintain the greatness of the House of Austria. Spinola
was admitted to dine with the emperor at his own table, which
is spoken of in this town as prodigious and strange accident,
because he is of that family which arrogates to itself a privilege
of greatness above all other princes. At Spinola's departure from
Prague the emperor gave him in token of love and kindness a
diamond valued at 6,000 cr. by common estimation. Whereas to
gain the emperor's good opinion (it is said) that Spinola carried
him from the king of Spain a present of very great value, and
gave 20 chains of gold to 20 of the emperor's servants. In his
journey Spinola hath openly declared himself to be opposite to
the Possident Princes of Juliers and Cleves ; hath proposed the
making of a league among the Roman Catholic princes of
Germany, and assisted the CuUener to procure a mandate against
the town of Mulheim. He likewise hath opposed the present
government of Aquisgrane, sought to debauch the dukes of
Saxony and Brunswick, and offered to assist the emperor with
3,000 men at the king of Spain's charge, conditionally that the
wars may be renewed against the Turk, whereunto the emperor
seemeth to be much inclined, and therefore laboureth earnestly
to anticipate the appointed time of the Imperial Diet.

On the contrary part the Protestant Princes, perceiving that
the Imperialists endeavour by this means to consume their
treasures and weaken their forces, do as much as lieth in their
power seek to protract the aforesaid diet, and to hinder the
Spaniard from encroaching any further upon the authority of
the empire.

The archd. Maximilian hath accorded with the emperor to
accept of 250,000 florins of Germany in full payment and satis-
faction of the part and portion which he ought to enjoy in the
patrimonial lands and goods of the House of Austria. But
this prince hath his commissioners yet at Prague who do pretend
a far greater sum to be due unto their master for the same
occasion. In the mean while there is all human industry and
secret practices used by the ministers of Spain and these arch-
dukes to corrupt the subjects of the United Provinces and the
duchies of Juliers and Cleves to the end they may dispose those
inconstant and unsettled natures to a general rebellion, and so
both reduce the Provinces to the yoke of their ancient servitude
and get footing in Germany.

One Mons''- de Foyen, a gentleman of these countries, well
versed in businesses of state, is lately sent in great secret and

383

diligence on an Embassage from the king of Spain to the king
of Denmark. But what his commission may import I cannot
yet discover.

Notwithstanding all the diligence which hath been used by
the archd. to obtain the extraordinary contributions from the
Province of Flanders which are mentioned in my former letters,
they have not hitherto been able to induce the Flemings to
yield to their request, neither will they continue their
ordinary allowance of 60,000 fl. by the month but with some
rebatement, and that only for the space of the half-year now
next ensuing.

Since the writing of my last letter to your Ma^y about
banishment of English cloths out of these Provinces I have
incessantly solicited the archduke's Council to hasten their
promised answer to the remonstrance which I presented to their
master the 25 of August, but they are so tedious and slow in their
proceedings as I am yet put off with delays and requests to have
patience for a while longer, upon pretence that the business is
of so much weight and difficulty as it doth require both time
and mature deliberation. Nevertheless, this prince and the
Audiencer on their behalf have in the interim sent new and more
strict injunctions to all the officers of their ports to hinder the
entrance of English cloths into all the towns under their
jurisdiction, saving only the 2,000 whites (which are permitted
to come into Antwerp by way of passport) and to confiscate
them without remedy or further contradiction as merchandise
wliich are prohibited and unlawful to be vented among their
subjects.

T forbear to trouble your Ma'y with the repeating of tliat
affront which hath lately happened in France to the archdukes'
extraordinary amb"^- sent thither to congratulate with the king
and the queen regent for the new alliance between them and
Spain*, knowing that your Ma*y hath already received the
particularities thereof from Sir Thomas Edmondes. And there
being no other news ... I conclude this letter etc.

3 pp. Draft. Min. i, 135.

From Italy, 19 Oct., 1612.t

The only news is that the negotiations for the marriage of
the prince of Wales with " the Florentine " are completely
broken off. The others with Savoy are still going on, and may
continue some days, though they may come to nothing, as it
is the interest of both parties not to break them off too soon.
In Rome the Pope and the Jesuits are engaged in exhorting
the popisfi princes in Germany to make war against the building
of Miilheim. We hear that in London two Jesuits have been

* The duke of Bournonville. The king refused to give him audience unless he
liad letters of credence. The difflculty was over a q^iestion of title. See Winwood's
Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 401.

t Enclosed with Buwinckhausen's letter of 5/15 November, printed below.

384

put in prison, taken out of the house of the Spanish ambassador,
on account of the discovery of a conspiracy against the person
of the king.

Those fathers are making so much progress in France, that
they are the arbiters of that government, and their power is
such that perhajjs when it is desired to reduce it, it will be too
late. Formerly that kingdom was divided into Reformers and
Catholics, now the latter are divided into two factions, Jesuits
and " politics," who hate each other more than either of them
hates the Reformers, and the Jesuits intrigue against the
Catholics more than against the Huguenots, whence some
confusion must needs ensue.

26 Oct., 1612.

1 hear with much pleasure that the gospel is flourishing in
Germany. But the disorders at Prague give little hope, since
in St. Paul's opinion, he who governs ill his own house is unlikely
to know how to govern the church.

If the domestic Council of the present emperor is bad and
like that of the dead one, everything else in the empire will be
to match. Nothing else is to be expected. On all sides it is
believed that the building of Miilheim may bring about an
upheaval. This much is certain that Rome and the Jesuits
too regard it with the utmost solicitude, for Cologne was one
of their great supports and they will contemplate any means,
even to violence, to avoid losing such a help. Rome with
Spain is doing its utmost to create obstacles. This cannot
be without war and they hope to have Saxony with them.
They go so far as to believe (laughable as it is), that they
can make him a Papist. It is true that nothing is impossible
when the power of self interest is considered. Here there is
no news except that the negotiations for the marriage of the
prince of Wales with the Florentine are completely broken
off and those with the daughter of Savoy re-started. But the
age of the prince, especially as he has a father who is not old
and another brother who cannot be considered too mature,
gives no reason for haste.

2 pp. Italian, xii, 10.

[John Sanford] to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 18 o.s. Madrid. — Colford arrived on Tuesday.
He broke his arm at Orleans and yet carrieth it in a scarf. He
and Cawley met before my lord on Saturday but without the
satisfaction expected. To-morrow they will meet again before
my lord and father Creswell. News this day from Lisbon is
that the Plata fleet was seen about Cape St. Vincent, ready to
enter St. Lucar ba3\ It is rumoured that the Spaniards have
been repulsed from Virginia. Pastrana is returned, out of
France. Our Don Philip is gone toward Lerma. His going to
Portugal is doubted of.

\ p. Unsigned, hut in Sanforcrs hand, xxxvi, 60,

385

Examination of Antonio Paton before the
Archbishop of Canterbury.

1612, Oct 19. — Was born in the duchy of Milan, 42 years ago ;
at 10 was taken by his father to Germany for a year ; thence
returned to Milan for 10 months at school, but not learning
Latin ; thence to Marseilles for two years, prenticed with a
pewterer ; afterward lived 9 years in Languedoc and elsewhere
in France. In this time he was 6 months in the service of the
late k. of France, and went to sea ; was hurt in the arm ;
returned to Milan for 4 or 5 years. Exercising the trade of
engraver ; was married, but his wife being dead, returned to
France about 8 years ago. Since then has wandered from
town to town there and in the Low Countries. He denies ever
being at a Jesuit school, but hath confessed to a Jesuit once at
Nice about 14 years ago. He received the sacrament of the
Altar at Lille on Easter last, but cannot say in what church,
nor give the priest's name ; denies that he ever had instruction
to do violence to any one in authority.

He admits that he hath words in his book, but knows not
if they are charms. He received them at Mortemain, a town
three days' from Paris, from a capt. Honora, servant to a gentle-
man of Mortemain. Honora professed to be able to cure fevers
with the said words. He said he wrote them to show to his
superior. He said he did not believe them, but wrote them out
of curiosity.

He knows no one in England and liath no business here,
getting his living travelling about.

He is a Roman Catholic and hath a brother John in Milan.
He was never called La Fay or any other name. He was last
at Brussels on St. John Baptist's Day last past.

He saith he hath 145. in his purse, and that he can get his
living by his own labour. But after he showed us nine pieces
of gold in a glove.

2 pp. Copy. I, 2.

H. BlLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Oct. 28. Cologne. — I have yours of 22. The Spaniard's
tricks tend solely to embroil the world. Some help him greatly
without knowing it. Your great marquis is to raise three
regiments to deal with Mulheim. The States General and
prince Maurice have lately written to the Princes Possedants
warning them to look to Aix and Mulheim. Spinola at Prague
was much attracted by Klesel, who thinks him the greatest
soldier in Christendom. The Aix mandate hangs fire. Dr.
Baptiste Eisen makes difficidties, knowing that he will not win
the favour of either party.

The Anspacli marriage was a grand afi'air — more then 2,000
horse and most of the United Piinces. The Hessen-Baden
marriage will be settled by the princes themselves, the deputies
being unable to agree on the rehgious question.

W(. laifi Pcwii. 111—25

386

The elector of Brandenburg is sending as liis deputies to
Prague colonel Jagereyter and Christian de Bellin to meet the
ambassadors of the princes of B. and Neuburg, possibly with
some advancement of the common cause.

l^ pp. French, vni, 140.

John Finet to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 21. London. — Protests that Trumbull's letters
have not been vmanswered ; two or three months since he wrote
to him by a young man, a carpenter, who went abroad to better
his trade by travelling. Understands their letters miscarried.
He now encloses a letter to a noble lady about the progress
hither of the Palatine.

1 p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 95.

John, Count Palatin, Administrator of the Palatinate
to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 21. Heidelberg. — Requests that during the stay
of the Palatin in England letters addressed to him from the
Administrator and the dowager electress ma\' l)e forwarded.

^ p. French. Seal. Misc. iv, 96.

Monsieur Nieuland to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 31. The Hague.— In reply to letter of the 25th.
The Palsgrave on his return from [torn] towards the Hague bj-
boat encountered a storm and was in great peril. Mercifully
he escaped but had to stay half a day and one night on a little
island called the Kaegh with people little better than fisher folk.
At the Hague he stood godfather for lady Winwood's twins,
giving his own name to the boy, and his lady's to the girl. He
left on the 25th with so good a wind that he will be a day or two
at sea. I told his excellency about our friend and that he was
still at Bruges. He seemed much surprised, and said " II me
semhle pen de Constance en cest homme."

[Po.st.'icript.] — It is reported here that Spinola has absolute
orders to carry out the emperor's " placart " against Mulheim.

1 p. French. Holograph. Misc. iv, 98.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 22. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol iii, p. 400, omitting the last half page, which contains the
following] :

I hold Berruyer a churl for not calling when he passed by
Senlis. We have had your friend Russel here above a week.
The king and queen are at St. Germans, and the Coimcil is
dissolved and dispersed to its several houses. . . . The
contents of this letter I recommend to your discretion.

387

We have news of the death of the count of Soissons last night,
to the grief and loss of patriots and namely of the Protestants,
and to the great advantage of the others that be Spanishly and
Jesuitically affected.

4. pp. V, 44a.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 22. o.s. Heidelberg. — The Wirtemberg ambas-
sadors passed through a fortnight ago. They acted as sponsors
for my infant son. The Anspach marriage was very magnificent.
There were 2,600 mounts present. The Hesse Baden match
is also concluded, but we do not know how the matter of the
ministers is settled. The emperor has issued a new mandate
about Mulheim. The Princes Possedants have agreed to
build no more warships on the Rhine, but will not destroy those
they have and will probably build more in time. Yet their
adversaries are always gaining some advantage. We are told
that the States have declared their neutrality but find it hard
to believe. The emperor's commissaries, the young Fursten-
berger, [Felix] Rehinger and Barnclas*, are on their way to Aix
to inquire into the administrator's doings there and those of
his ambassadors during his vicariat. This is likely to turn to
my master's prejudice. We already see the effects of Spinola's
mission to Prague. We must keep our eyes open. We would
know from you the truth of the quarrels among the grandees
of France alDout a certain Montauban imprisoned for sorcery.
A letter has been sent from here to the Queen about arms which
the duke of Nevers has had made at Liege. His excuse is that
tliey were only to supply his houses in France and elsewhere.
Also we want to know about the Franco-Spanish marriage
treaty.

2 1 pp. French, xxxiv, 8.

George [Abbot], Archbishop of Canterbury to
William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 23. Lambeth. — I have your letters about Arnold
Vlaming, and that he is now in Brussels. John de Horneck
is therefore released. I have since laid hold on another who
calleth himself Antoine de Paton, and pretendeth to have been
born in Milan, but hath spent much time in France, and goes
for a Frenchman. His Ma*y said that you had given advertise-
ment of two called La Fay, pretending to be Picards, whereof
one hath his hand maimed, as hath Paton, a man tall, lean
faced, brownish hair and beard, about 42, somewhat bare in
clothes, and pretending to be a maker and engraver of seals.
A book was found on him, wherein were divers charms in

* The commissioners were Wilhelm, count of Fiirstentaerg, Arnold von Perglns
and Felix Etidiger. Their instructions are dated 19 October. Chroiist : Brieje
iind AMeii snr GcurhinMe des 30 Jdhrif/en Krifge/i. Vol. x, page 805,

388

Italian, Latin and some strange words, and among these eharms
one is that no weapon shall hurt a man, another how to shoot a
pistol or harquebus so that it shall not miss, a third how to win
a woman's ehastity. It is evident by his book that he hath
roamed over France and the Low Countries, and now, but three
weeks before his apprehension here, he had those charms, at a
place three days' journey from Paris, given him of purpose to
enable him for his coming to England to do mischief. I send
you his examination which was taken in French*. I never
found more tokens upon any to declare him a villain.
Ip. 1,3.

[Pierre] Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 23, o.s. London. — I am directed by his Highness
to thank you for your attention to his affairs. I shall be glad
if you can send the enclosed to Mons' de Lingelsheim. These
are the first fruits of the honourable reception of his Highness
in this country. Our 24 hours' good passage predicted our
welcome. Those who have misrepresented our prince are
ashamed of themselves. The king seems very satisfied with
him in every way.

1^ pp. Holograph. French. Seal, xxi, 127.

From John Finet.

1612, Oct. 23. — A relation of the count Palatine's reception
in England. [Printed in Winwood's Memorials, Vol. iii, p. 403].
2f pp. Misc. iv, 97.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 26. Paris. — Refers to Mr. Russell's return to
Brussels. He had borrowed 2 cr. 8 .sols from Beaulieu which
he will pay to Trumbull, who is to buy therewith, and with the
4 cr. laid out for Coram's garters, a pair of strong Milan silk
stockings. The q. hath reserved the government of Normandy
to herself.

1 p. V, 44b.

Adam Mesterton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5. Termont. — I vas myndit to haif vretten onto
you at Leuthe and onto your louing bedfellow bot be resson
yat I vas in purpos of my jornay towarts Zelant and Hollant
vil no* interrope you w* langer lettir yan allou yat my bedfellow
and I awathis yo'' cuming heir agan my hom cuming quhilk
sal be agains Saterday cumis acht dayis being ye xvij. of yis
present at quhilk tym gif pleise ye Lyveing Lorde I hope to be
returnit back agan. I pray you as you cum doune a day or
two I vil not truble you heir to stay in no maner of wayes langer

* At page 38.") ah.oyp.

389

nor your lescr sal permit. My wyf lies trost yis day a litil
gharve for your bedfellow bot mereitis not to send ye sam
quhil yat ye perty be sum maere. Yis, S^ in haste not
forgetting my commendations to your bedfellow and to your
selfe q" meitting q"' I awathe for as is said w* good deuotion 3'at
knawis ye Leuing Lorde in (juhas godlie grace I recommend you.
1 p. Misc. IV, 100.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Nov. 5. Cologne. — I have yours of Oct. 30, with
enclosure for Mr. Dickenson. At the Anspach marriage the
wet ground spoilt the jousts. The Baden princess is not to
have her own minister, but liberty of conscience. The Austrians
have given the emperor 200,000^. and to archduke Maximilian
8,000 ducats. The elector of Saxony and other dukes press
Brandenburg to accept the award of Jutersbock. It is sad that
religion and political considerations are sacrificed to an ill
founded claim.

At Dusseldorp they are trying to settle the misunderstanding
betwen Neuburg and the ct. de Swartzenburg about Medman,
a little town in Berg, where Lutherans and Calvinists came to
blows in the church. Neuburg imprisoned some Calvinists,
who were released by the count. I wish the marquis were
back here. The deputies of the town are leaving for Prague,
about Mulheim.

\\ p. French, viii, 141.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 29. [o.s.]. Heidelberg. — I had yours of 18th
three hours after I wrote to you on 22nd. I have imparted
your news to the administrator, who apologises for troubling
you witli packets for England. The Imperial Commissaries
for Aix, young Furstenberger, Felix Rudinger and one Bernclas,
have not yet left Prague, there being no monej^ for their
journey. They mean to restore the old magistrat, which will
be prejudicial to my master and very grateful to the " Jebusites,"
but I hope they will make a " faulxbount " of their designs,
the 3 * being resolved to take this matter to heart at any cost.
The Cologners still keep up their proceedings against Mulheim,
and will soon send another deputy to Prague, viz. the Burgo-
master Hardenraedt, a sworn foe of the Religion, with other
Doctors of the Law, to press their case, to which the Imperial
Council are too ready to listen. The Princes Possessors did the
same a week ago, though they have scarcely made any other
answer to the late order than to break up their ships on tlie
Rhine and to demand no more licenses. There has been trouble
in the Bergen district between our people and the Lutherans.
Neubourg has made certain prisoners, but Schwartzenbourg

* A cipher symbol.

representing the elector of Brandenburg, has sent order for their
release, which has been done. Otherwise the prison gates would
have come down. Neubourg is furious, though such follies are
common with him, but is now on his guard, for such squabbles
annoy the nobility. The Baden princess is not to take a
Lutheran minister with her, but to summon for her communion
one from the neighbouring villages. We hear from Amsterdam
that our young master took ship at Brill on the 16tli, but
nothing more.

2 pp. French, xxxiv, 9.

[Pierre] Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. 30. London. — Here is another packet for Mons"^-
de Lingelsheim. The prince of Wales on account of a chill was
not present at the Lord Mayor's feast, where the elector was
well received. The king has lodged him near his chamber to
avoid the bad weather, when going morning and evening to see
his lady. The rest of us have reason to thank God for the
affection we perceive in his Majesty, the princes and the princess
for his Highness.

1 p. Holograph. French, xxi, 128.

Sir Raphe Win wood to William Trumbull.

1612, \endorsement\ Oct 30. The Hague. — For all the silence
and cunning of your marquis we say he hatli procured from the
emperor this assurance that at the next Imperial Diet your
archduke shall be chosen king of the Romans. That done
Spain will employ all her poM'er to have him chosen, as this
emperor was in the life of Rudolph, king of Bohemia. No man
doubteth but that he urged the emperor to redouble the
mandment against Mulheim, which if the princes shall disobey,
he hath, or shall have, charge to do execution against the place.
Sir Stephen Lessieur, I think, passed by Antwerp last week,
for at Middleburg he was the 26th inst. My last from England
give assurance that the projected match between our princess
and the elector will take place to the great contentment of H.M.
and all his good subjects.

Ij pp. xlvii, 61.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 9, Friday, [n.s.]. Antwerp. — I see no appear-
ance of procuring your papers in reasonable time. The clock-
maker playeth the knave, and except I will take all his papers,
he will not let those you want go out of his fingers. The young
secretary Ewins, in whose custody are the papers concerning the
treaty of Bruges, will enforce us to pass the same formalities
and undergo the same extraordinary charge as for the former
papers, nor will the papers be easily procured from the notary
without passing them for authentical, so more days will be
required to bring these things into fashion.

'3U1

On Thursday arrived an express from Spain addressed to
Paulo Bustanza, which came in nine days from Madrid, who,
as it is supposed, hath brought news of the absolute, full
negociation of the half million for the provisions of these
countries to be paid here by them and Bustanza, but thereof
is no certainty.

The Pensionary Roelans departeth this night towards
Brussels, by order from the magistrates of this town to solicit
the moderate taxation of the passport of white cl[oth] granted
to Versteghen and to procure that all men in general may pass
their cloth upon the same, and hath caused Mr. Nieuport to pass
an attestation before notary touching the circumstances of the
differences between him and the said Versteghen. Have an
eye to his proceedings in that business, . . . and give me
knowledge what passeth.

Tell Wake I have his letter, but have not written, expecting
his return from Brussels on Sunday or Monday.

\ Postscript]. — The cloth ships appointed for Middleburg were
not arrived on Wednesdaj' last.

1 J pp. Holograph, xix, 22.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Oct. — . — The Palsgrave arrived at Gravesend on Sat-
urday 17th and there lodged that night. Next day early the d.
of Lenox . . was sent to . . convoy him to the court. By the
Tower he was entertained with the greatest honour that place
could afford, whence he passed directly to Whitehall. At his
coming further from his barge he was received upon the great
stairs by the d. of York attended by six of the greatest earls,
of Shrewsbury, Worcester, Pembroke, Rutland, Southampton
and Sussex, four barons and 12 pensioners and many others,
by whom he was immediately brought into the banqueting
house where the king, queen, the prince and the fair princess
were read}^ to receive him. His assuredness and the gallant
carriage of himself even in the very first approach did win a
great deal of respect from the beholders, which in my conscience
was much furthered by the base malice of those (papists you
may be sure) who before his arrival had strangely detracted
from his person, constitution, favour and what not. But I
assure you that he is a very fine prince, tall for his years, of a
strong constitution, round faced and an aspect pleasing, with
eyes black and quick. In addressing himself first to H.M.,
next to the queen, then to the prince, and lastly to his mistress
... he did not fail in any one point. The contentment H.M.
conceived in beholding him was such as all that stood by must
easily discern. After H.M. had saluted those which accom-
panied the Palsgrave (amongst whom et. Henry was especially
graced by the king) the retreat was made into the privy galleries,
from whence after . . . some half-hour he was dismissed to
his lodging at Essex House. The train which he hath is not

great, but very honourable. . ... It consisteth of six principal
earls and councillors, of which number the ct. Solms is principal,
three pages of honour, 8 gentlemen of his bedchamber, 20 other
gentlemen, his pages of lesser respect and the complete number
of his household officers and servants, for by those only his
house is served and not by the king's officers. The ct. Henry's
particular train is very great and gallant, but we say that he
will not stay here above 14 days. Our preparations for the
entertaining of the ct. Palatine at Christmas with masks, barriers
and such like will be very great, and the Inns of Court . . .
do purpose to contribute their talent hereunto. Besides a
house at Royston already prepared for the ct. Palatine there
are two lodgings here provided for him, the one at Whitehall,
the other at St. James's. So as you see he is anchored and
some say until Easter, others until Whitsuntide. . .

The Mastership of the Horse is a mark strongly aimed at by
two powerful competitors, the e. of Pembroke and the Visct.
Rochester. In the meantime we have neither Id. treasurer nor
principal secretary, who notwithstanding are hourly expected.
But some have gaped so long that they are become jawf alien.

l^ pp. XXXIX, 54.

Abraham Williams to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 1. Hague. — I have yours of Oct. 20. We rejoice
to hear of the extraordinary welcome and kind treatment of
the Palatin in England and doubt not it is as cutting a corrosive
to all our ill wishers where you hve. Our going to England
is as uncertain as ever. If we go our departure will be upon a
sudden.

I p. XL VI, 3!).

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], Nov. 1. The Hague. — This is to recom-
mend Mr. Bennet, son to Sir John Bennet, He purposes from
you to go to France, where he hath been before, to spend some
further time.

^ p. Holograph, xlvii, 62.

John Frederick, Duke of Wirtemberg, to
William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 2. Stutgart. — Thanks him for supporting his
deputies at Brussels. Encloses letter for his Ma*y to like effect.
Approves of the compromise, the princes who assisted him also
agreeing.

1 p. French. Misc. iv, 99.

II. BiLDERBECK to Wm TrUMBULL.

1612, Nov. 12. — I am expecting to liear from you how the
archdukes prcjpose to deal with the affront to their ambassador,

393

the due de Borneville, in being dismissed without audience of
the king. At Prague the emperor is at loggerheads with the
estates of Boliemia about some guns whieh he wished to take
to Vienna. The rehgious disputes continue at Dusseldorp, as
well as those between Neubourg and the count of Swartzenberg
and between Medman and Glabach. The archbishop of Cologne
is back and staying at present at Bruel where they are expecting
Neubourg, to confer with him. It won't be about threading
pearls. The deputies of the town have not yet left for Prague.
It is said that they have got iiold of the instructions of the
ambassadors of the PP. who have gone to Prague about Mulheim.
I wish the people of their Excellencies would keep their affairs
more secret.

l^ pp. French, viii, 142.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, Now 13. Antwerp. — Since I had yours by Mr. Wake,
your young clerk hath brought the enclosed, whieli suits not
your purpose except to satisfy curiosity. I have not paid him,
the better to engage hiin to procure the joapers concerning the
treaty of Bruges, which he hath partly promised at the return
of secretary Ewins now at Mechlin. The clockmaker will not
let you have the papers, pretending that five or six weeks ago
I made him offer of 8 cr. to have them all, which were better
to give him than an Albertus and pay for the writing of those
three papers alone. My compeer and I will endeavour to get
them at that price or better cheap if ])ossible, for if thej- are of
use, although not for the business I have now in hand, yet for
your information of the ability of Flanders in making of cloth
both in their quantity and qualitj% so soon as the rest shall be
procured, they shall be sent you.

I p. Holograph, xix, 23.

Sir Raphi; Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsemeni], Nov. 4. The Hague. — This gentleman
is son and heir to Sir Julius Caesar. You will expect no greater
recommendations to show him kindness. We hear from France
that the ct. of Soissons is lately dead and that there is great
appearance of some present troubles.

The 1st inst. Mr. Wake, secretary to Sir Dudley Carleton,
passed this way to England.

1 p. Holograph, xlvii, 63.

M. Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5. Loudon. — Asking him to consign a packet
of the Elector Palatine to the postmaster, under his own cover.

The prince's sickness seems variable, as is usual with erratic
levers. We liope he will be better after these crises. Our own

.'3!)t

particular affairs are completely settled. M. de Ketler, the
Brandenburg ambassador, has his despatch and they say is
satisfied.

-i p. French, xxi, 129.

German Marsham to Mr. and Mrs. Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5. London. — Right kind and loving Master and
Mistress : The trees are delivered to the countess of Arrendal.
The shipper that brought them from Flushing to London is
paid, and the countess saith I shall have all the other that is
laid for her within 8 days. Meantime I go to Kent and I have
hired a cart from Gravesend to carry the trees and bring the
stuff with him for 205. I go to-morrow to Beltieng. The
carter dwelleth at Nettelstead and knows the way to your
house.

Mr. Albery sendeth his daughter as soon as his wife can get
a maid. I have spoken to Mr. More and Mr. Finnet, but cannot
hear of your coming over. Mr. Finnet wrote to you long ago
by a friend, bvit the letter is come to him again. The prince
was very sick and was let blood on Sunday last, and is better.

The Palsgrave is much graced in England and shall marry
with the lady Elizabeth. Let me know if I shall deliver the
Spanish songs I left the last time at Mr. Tyler's. Mr. Albery
said he would send you two new books.

I heard you speake of 3Z. which you should have of Mr.
Seger. Send me word and I will see if I can get it of him. I
cannot hear of Mr. Dudley.

\\pp. I, 110.

J. Eeaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5. Paris. — I have yours of 21 Oct. by a gentleman
of Monsr. de Preaux. The Court is in mourning for Soissons
although with no great inward grief. Conty sues for the
government of Normandy, pretending to have the queen's
promise for the first vacancy. The q. means to keep it herself,
but is an earnest dealer with the countess of Soissons for
Dauphiny, to be bestowed on Conty, promising to the young
count the reversion of his father's office of Grand Maistre and
his company of 100 gentlemen entertained, with 100,000 francs
yearly of his pension, which was 150,000, and the revenue of
the ecclesiastical livings worth some 50,000 francs a year.
But the countess refuses, and the q. defers the grant of the
office and of the men-at-arms. Desdiguieres sues for Dauphiny,
pretending a promise thereof.

Before Soissons' death d'Ancre had made a combination
with him and others against the ministers of State, but now
the q. hath willed d'Ancre to be reconciled with them, which
he promises to be, but will have no friendship with the
commander of Sillery, the chancellor's brother*.

* Noel Brulart, Knight of Malta.

;j!)5

You will have understood the danger in which those of the
Religion stood by reason of the Assembly which those of
Xaintonge and neighbouring provinces were to hold at Rochelle
the 20th inst., and of the arrest published by the other side in
the Parlements of I'aris, Toulouse and Bordeaux against such
Assemblies. But the q. is disposed to pacify those matters,
and Bouillon, since his return, hath worked with her to that
effect. She hath promised not only to have the general edict
for those of the Religion anew published, with an amnesty for
de Rohan and his company, but also to permit by connivance
assemblies in every province, as the late king did, so as they do
not assemble divers provinces together. Ministers are to be
exempted from the taille and subsidies, as the popish clergy
are. Rohan may place any lieutenant in St. Jean d'Angely
that he pleases, though for formality he is to name three for
her choice. The two companies which la Rochebeaucourt and
Foueaut had there are left to Rohan and his lieutenant. She
hath sent de Rouvray (chief deputy for those of the Religion)
to Rohan and the others for the staying of the Assembly at
Rochelle and to seek to draw Rohan hither. During the
difference for the government of Aiguesmortes between
Aramburc and Bertichere, for which the former is detained
by the constable, she hath sent de Chastillon to hold the place
in sequestration until the matter is compounded. Meantime
one baron de Sonjon, a friend of Rohan's, suspected to be
employed for Aramburc, has been taken prisoner by the
constable.

Sir J. Digby writes to my lo. concerning Colford that the
k. of Sp. hath ordered that they shall be paid their due upon
the first three fleets coming in, and shall be allowed 10 per
centum for the time past and to come.

[Postscript]. — The enclosed packet is for Ketler, and you
should desire your friend at the Hague to keep it till his return
from England.

3 pp. V, 44c.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5, o.s. Heidelberg. — I had yours of Oct. 23
last Saturday. From the merchants' letters we hear of
our yoimg master's arrival at Gravesend. Two days ago
there arrived here a Brandenburg envoy, one Dr. Pabst, to
tell our master about Mulheim. From here he will go to
Baden, at Durlach and to Wirtemberg, at Stutgart for the
same purpose ; but not so much in Brandenburg's name as
in Neuburg's ; for here he is sub una and there he will be
sub utraque specie. He is a good and sincere man. He takes
witli him a secretary of Neuburg's called Faber. He does
not let himself be seen at our Court, thinking that would
prejudice his master, who still continues to commit great
follies, having good correspondence with those of Cologne. When

396

any decision is taken in the morning at the council of Dusseldorp,
it is known al Cologne after dinner. It is perfectly certain that
Neuburg would rather hinder than forward the building of
Mulheim,, whatever he may say or do. He makes use, for the
most part, of the advice of three Papists, who are subtle and
dangerovis. One is of your country*. You know him well and
give him some credit, but they speak ill of him everywhere.
The second is a Lorrainer, formerly banished from the Court
of the late duke of Juliers for having seduced a young lady,
which he did at the Court. The third is a secretary brought
up at the Court of Brussels. I leave you to imagine whether
any good can be hoped from this. The danger is that this
poor prince may go to his ruin.

The imperial commissioners for Aix are on the way. Upon
a letter of the emperor they demanded of the town of Noremberg
money for the expenses of their journey ; but to a good
demander a good refuser. Things are going so badly at Prague
that the Bohemians wish that they could have the late emperor
as their king again. Dennagel has recovered his liberty and
as soon as he was out of prison he went to find his old master
Leopold to give him an account of all he has gone through.
The business of Frankfort goes from bad to worse and it is to
be feared that the catastrophe will be serious . . . but the
town and the magistracy have been deserving of chastisement
long since because of the wrong done to the faithful and
their banishment.

The enclosed concerns the poor Frankenthal widow. She
begs }'ou to send to Procureur Avet at once.

2 pp. French. The words in italics deciphered, xxxiv, 10.

John Thokys to William Trumbull.

1612, 5 Nov. [London]. — Your man was welcome, and the
news of j'our health more welcome. . . The matters of Savoy
lie dead, while the prince is in desperate termes not to Mve ;
not in human help, but God is above all and in so extraordinary
a case imdoubtedly will show His more than ordinary power.
And as I was writing this, news come that the prince having
been speechless and without knowledge towards 6 o'clock to
night after some slumber waked and spake so as new comfort
is grown in all the Court, and much hope. God increase it if
it be his will. The lady Elizabeth's wedding day was appointed
on St. John's day, tlie third holiday of Christmas, or as some
think Twelfth day, fearing all preparations would not sooner
be ready. . . Send to my mother and niece to let them know
I am well and have received my niece's letter, and that this
night her Inisband is come safe to London. I have not yet
seen him, but lie is well. . . . To-morrow morning he cometh
to be with me, and 1 will dispatch him as soon as I can and

* Sir Griffin Mai-kbara.

397

send him to them. Sir Rowland Morgan is looked for liere
every day. I began to fear because my nephew Thwayts stayed
so long and 1 heard nothing of him."

[Postscript]. — " I am afraid that the good news of the prince's
amendment is but given out to comfort his gentlemen that are
standing at his chamber door, for I am certainly told he is
dead. One of the lamentablest chances that in this world
could fall out."

J p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 102.

The Same to the Same.

1612, Nov. 6. — The prince was alive at noon to-day. . . He
was put in a sweat, and spake some words and some hope there
was. Since I hear men doubt again, and that such as now
come from him. At four o'clock after noon.

My nephew Thwayts commends him|self] to you. . . Send
to his wife. Neither he nor I could write more this time.
Whatsoever any man writes to you till this hour concerning the
prince, trust to what I have said above. The king now is gone
to Tibols.

^ p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 103.

Daniel Buwinckhausen to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 5-15. Stutgard. — Herewith a letter from my
master to king James. His highness has had our treaty and
all this conference of Brussels shown by his Council and by the
miiversity of Tubingen and has now sent to the archduke
sufficient notification upon all the points.

The archduke I^eopold came yesterday on his way i'rom
Passau to Alsace. He is hunting to-day and will proceed to-
morrow, unless he waits for Vaudemont's coming from Lorraine,
whom M'e shall have to-morrow coming from Bavaria. They
would have us believe that they only desire peace for the empire,
and war with the Turk. I doubt their being serious, if they
had the means to make trouble. Some think the affair of
Mulheim will compel them to take arms. I send you an extract
from letters just received.

1^ pp. French. Holograph, xii, 9.

Father Marten to William Trumbull.

Note addressed : Agent etc. a Bruselles, en la rue diet
Blindenbech, en bas de la maison de Monsr. La Chantre de
St. Goudeuol.

1612, Nov. 15. — s.p. Cameraco. — Amplissimc Domine,
expectaui et adhuc exspecto audire aliquid de negotio nostro.
Ideo nactus opportunitatem per latorem harum, ego humiliter
precor ut Dnatio. Vr. dignetnr scribere unum verbum quid
possim expectare, quia si forte propter meam vocationem

398

vel aliam causam quam non possum imaginari, dns. non vellet
adiuvare neque illo modo neque alio libenter intelligerem nam
fortasse inueniam alium agendi modum, quia sunt aliqui
qui libenter acceptabunt istam conditionem. Sed si D.V.
vellet acceptare, ego paratus sum committere illam cum
tota commoditate et etiam non volo agere cum alio donee
recuset, nihil exspectans nisi vestrum fauorem in aliis negotiis
si forte contigerint, magis enim estimo vestram gratiam qviam
quascunque pecunias. Si placuerit mittere aliquem qui hoc
negotium sollicitet, ego me ipsum pariter adiungam et com-
mittam omnia vestrae discretioni quia mea intentio non est
nee esse debet, ut Dns. appliearet suam auetoritatem et
laborem pro nihilo. Sed mallem ilium habere totum propter
humanitatem quam ab illo personaliter aceeptavi. Utetur sua
diseretione. Sic exspectans responsum valeat.

P.S. Si placet obtinere liter as a priuato consilio vel
quocunque modo videtur vobis expediens ad rectorem
u[nive]rsitatis ut causa aequaliter audiatur. Sed mallem sicut
decreuimus.

Per amicum quem dominus nouit ex effectibus suprascriptis.

1 p. Misc. IV, 113.

Thomas Albery to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 6. London. — I have recovered my countrj^,
though not without hazard, being driven to Yarmouth, or that
German was here within 3 days so soon as I. I hope Mr. Wither
hath given you satisfaction of the 50 guilders I purpose to send
my daughter so soon as I can get a maid. I desire to hear how
Colonel Boyte speedeth. I doubt I shall come over before
Christmas. Our hope of p. Henry hangeth in a very doubtful
balance by reason of a second sickness. He was generally
prayed for yesterday. He was living at 2 this day, but his
Ma'y not willing to see so lamentable a spectacle is this morning
rode to Tibbols. The queen [is to] Somerset House and the
Palatine to Essex House. The Lords have long been busied
over the accounts of the 1. treasurer, who is said to have set
after the coffers many thousands more than the 1. Buckhurst,
so that his lands had been long since seized but for the 1. Tho.
Howard, his brother-in-law. The fishing busses have been
much hindered by the companies of these [torn] adventurers
who have jiroduced many blind allegations to hinder that
excellent business. It had been this week effected but for the
prince's sickness. The Virginia lotteries go forward, but too
coldly for the honour of our state. I fear some of the highest
rank are espaniolised, who I dare not Avrite of in this tell
tale page.

[Postscript]. — The prince hath been out of knowledge, but at
2 o'clock he had a cordial and slept. After he woke, he was
reasonably refreshed, and then fell out of knowledge again.

I p. 1,111.

399

Francis Middleton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 6. London. — Apologises for long silence. I
received a letter from you long since . . that I did charge
you with more rugs than you had of me. It is true I did so,
for Mr. Monger had of me three rugs at 61. which I thought
had been for you. I did think to have seen you ere now. . .
There is a little owing me . . for two rugs at U. and six
quishings at 50,s-. It is all 61. 10s.

[Postscript]. — If you would send me over two lOqr. Brussels
ticks of 40s. a piece and two finer about 50s. a piece and four
9 quarters about 365. a piece I should be much beholding to you.

^ p. Holograph. Trace of seal. Misc. iv, 104.

Monsieur de Bure to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 16. Dusseldorp. — M. Le Sieur, his Britannic
Majesty's ambassador, has arrived here on his way to Prague.
He has orders to see the princes on his way and to recommend
the Mullam affair to the emperor. Also to go to Heidelberg
and to the duke of Saxe. The king of Denmark in person is
reported to be in the Lubeck Canal with his boats, having
arrested 14 of the town, which seems the opening of a new war.
[Rest of letter torn].

1 p. French. Holograph. Misc. iv, 123.

John Kendrick to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 7. London. — I have been much in the country
with my brother, who has stone in the bladder and is to be cut
for it within 3 or 4 days. All that hath been here done about
the banishment of our cloth since my coming hither is as much
as nothing, for our Company have not been once before the
Council, nor for aught I can do purpose to move the Lords
about it till they see how trade will go this shipping at Middel-
burg for Antwerp and tliose parts ; from whence if (as in times
past) they may in any reasonable state furnish the duke's
country I do see little likelihood that the Company will tolerate
the Antwerp trade again, having now by consent of all of the
Court forbidden us that place and limited only 8 months time
to clear the country and then to follow there no manner of
trade whatsoever, which resolution will not be lightly altered
unless the Council lay their commandment upon us to that
end, which I do not think they will do. There hath been order
lately given from our Company here to those of Middelburg
to send up for Antwerp 5 or 6 coloured cloths to try what the
archduke will do, which if he confiscate, then it is thought that
the like course will be taken here with some of his principal
commodities, and so a trial Avill be made who will be quickest
weary of those extravagant courses. I have long since sent
Mr. Russell's letter to Mr. Doctor Larode with one of my
own to which I have yet no answer. When it cometh, I will

too

send it Mr. Russell. This evening here is a ship come ont of
the straits named the Matthew very riehly laden, worth 100,000/.
which maketh many a merry heart, in regard it was thought
she had miscarried. I shall not now relate the death of the
hope of England, our gallant prince Heiu'v. I wonder to under-
stand by your letter that you ha^'e yet had no answer to your
memorial to the archduke. It cannot be much longer deferred.
l\pp. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 105.

J[ohn] Sanf[ord] to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 7, o.s. Madrid.~My 1. is distasted with
Colford's negotiation. He hath been so persuaded of the
equity of his cause that he had a very hard concept of Cawley,
and hath given him shrewd language. Colford stands most
on his factory, which he holdeth to be due [? torn] ever since
the giving forth of the libran9as, which is here taken as an ill
construction of the words, which appear on evidence produced
by Cawley and signed by Colford, that he is not to receive the
factory till every partide be fully cleared and discharged, which
is understood here to signify to be fully satisfied and paid from
the king, and so father Creswell and other friends would
persuade. He requireth also interest upon interest, a thing
ptmishable by Spanish law. He is thought to heed too much
his own ends to the prejudice of the rest of the co-partners,
and it seems that Rowlands and he are herein combined. Cawley
makes him very fair conditions, but he keepeth off. It is high
time they were agreed. The fleet is come, almost 12 millions,
and three millions and a half of pesos for the king.

My 1. had on last Thursday, Gunpowder Treason day, his
son baptised. Without any king Philip godfather — only the
nobility of our own house. All they of our nation were present,
Mr. Colford among the rest. The king is preparing for Portugal
by way of Seville. Philibert of Savoy, now generalissimo of
the galleys, hath taken his oath and his banner of the king
and is gone to the coast to take up his charge. There was a
flying report from Lisbon that the Spaniards had been repulsed
from Virginia, also that 80 ships were lost in the Tagus near
Lisbon. Yesterday Mr. Rossingham, gentleman sewer to the
king and one of our household here, departed for England.
Cottington is still with us. I hear he has his answer touching
his consulship of Seville, that to get it he must turn Roman
Catholic. Sir Rob. Chamberlain and Mr. Bareford are gone
this week towards Barcelona for Italy, Mr. Hudlestone for
England, sick ever since he came.

2 pp. Holograph, xxxvi, 61.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 7. Vlushing. — This gentleman is son and heir
to Sir Julius Caesar. He goes to see your town and to return
home by Calais. Our prince hatli been in great danger, and

401

on the 3rd the French doctor told the king he was in desperate
case, and said that he was not to be dealt with as a prince bvit
as a common person if his life were to be saved. Dr. Butler
was of the same opinion and all the rest of the doctors. Yester-
night they shaved his head, and this day he must be " boxed "
the 3 day style. Last night they gave him a glister, and he
\'oided half a himdred grape seeds, having not eaten any in
three weeks before. You may guess in what case his body is.
After the glister had wrought, the same night he took reasonable
good rest.

1 p. Holograph, xxxix, 55.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 17. Saturday. Antwerp. — This day a gentle-
man asked me whether you were here, and desired me to let
you know that he had been here to speak with you. He would
not give his name, but said he was with you in Mr. Dudley's
company, which would give you sufficient notice of him. He
will come to me to-morrow night or on Monday morning,
supposing that on receipt of this letter you will presently come
hither. I think he is Irish, and I know him by sight. My
cousin Isaac Wake came hither yesterday and is gone for
England by Dunkirk. He says he returns in three weeks for
Venice.

I p. Holograph, xlv, 41.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 8 o.s. Madrid. — Before the arrival of Colford
by his several informations I was grown to have a harder
opinion of Calley than he deserves. The chief difference betwixt
them consists in these four points. The first for Colford's
factory, the second for the interest of Galley's debt to him, the
third is when this money is to be paid, the fourth a reckoning
of small value, for a dinner which Colford made to some officers
coming to Spain with such like things amounting to 351.

Colford pretendeth for his factory that it was due unto him
ever since they received bills of exchange from the archduke,
and so demandeth such allowance of interest as is given for
the whole debt, whereas it is covenanted betwixt them by
indenture that Colford is to accept and have his factory at the
clearing of each partide and not before. The which Calley
intended had Colford proceeded directly to have allowed him
without any contradiction, and that he should have received
it in three payments as the debt is received from the king. For
the second which is the interest, notwithstanding the agreement
imder their hands, that CaUey shall allow two in the hundred
for the factory of such moneys as he should procure, and eight
in the hundred per ann. during the time that he should retain
such moneys in his hands, yet Colford demandeth interest upon

Wt, 1216 Down. Ill— 26

402

interest from even^ six months, alleging that because the money
was not paid at the time when they expected, he had thereby
run into many inconveniences amounting to more than the
value of ten in the hundred, whereupon I brought Galley to
condescend that from the time that they expected the money
should have been paid, he should allow him interest upon
interest^ Colford from that time demanding nothing for his
factory ; for that if tiie money had been punctually paid,
his factory had then ceased, and therel>y he should suffer no
inconvenience for Calley's cause, but likewise he should make
no benefit of Calley's not being paid at the day.

For the time of payment C'alley offered to pay it proportionally
in three portions according to the king's order.

And for the last difference instead of the 30 and odd pounds
which Colford demanded, mutato nomine, Calley hath voluntarily
given him 40L for his diet whilst he lived with Colford at
Brussels.

Upon those indifferent terms I supposed those differences
had been settled till that this day I understand that Colford
delivering his account, which he ever did formerly in Flemish
money, would now by a new shift reduce it in such a manner
to Spanish ducats, as thereby to gain the whole exchange of
the money, so that with the ten in the hundred that is allowed
him for his interest and the allowance of the exchange, Calley
should give him twenty in the hundred for his moneys. But
I conceive he doth in this as in everything else iniquuin petere
ut aequum ferat. But the West Indian fleet being now arrived,
and their papers not yet presented, it may be if he use those
tricks, he may repent it.

Concerning the partida in which Wake is interested and the
Nunnes, there is no question or difference in that, though
nothing is done in it, for that Colford with those shifts which
only concern his particular in the matter of factory, hindereth
the proceeding of the whole business.

The West Indian fleet is come home rich to the \'alue of
twelve millions, three being for the king. But tliis good news
is counterpesed with a very miserable accident on St. Luke's
day at Lisbon, whereby by a sudden tempest all the ships
in the river were cast away or broken, above 80 in number,
including 3 or 4 of our countrymen.

Your extraordinary ambassador is arrived*. The king's
journey to Portugal yet holdeth.

There is order given for 3,000 Spaniards to be sent into those
parts, and I believe you sliall see the (juarrel begin about
Juliers.

3 pp. xxii, 129.

• The count of Furstemberg, sent with congratulations on the double marriages.
Trumbull to the King, 19 Aug. 1612. S.P. Flanders, Vol. x. fol. 21.5.

John Halliday to John Cokham.*

1612, Nov. 9. Middlebrough. — For that it is needful for
oui- comp. to know how matters stand there at Antwerp and
the Lords of his Majesty's Council are in expectation to be
rightly informed of the archdukes' proceedings and what course
is there taken and held touching the late restraint, therefore
they have appointed me to provide five coloured clothes to be
forthwith in my name and as my proper goods sent to Antwerp
by way of the river of Scheld and to consign the same to you
as the fittest man in their opinion to be trusted with this business
in confidence of your sufficiency and willingness to do them
this service as also of your secrecy in the carriage thereof,
according to the oath which you have taken to the fellowship.
So that I purpose forthwith to send the s*- five cloths up to
Lillo to Ant. Lippens, who presently shall write you of the
receipt thereof to the end that, two days before their coming
into the archdukes' dominions, you may give notice thereof
where it ought to be given that such clothes are intended to be
brought up. And upon the bringing in of them to Antwerp,
yoii are required to have a special care that the license tolls
and all other duties whatsoever demanded or to be paid be
duly tendered and paid to the officers or farmers appointed
for the receipt thereof, that the cloths for any such default
thereof be not found, or made, confiscate, and if they shall
be detained or seized as being brought in against the restraint
or otherwise, then you are to take sufficient witness how matters
are carried and to protest by a sworn notary, according to the
manner used in that place, against the seizers or detainers of
the said cloths for all cost and damage that may fall out or
arise by reason of the said seizure or detention contrary to the
treaty of peace, amity and mutual commerce lately concluded
between his Ma*y of Great Britain and those princes and between
those princes and the States of the United Provinces. This
course you are required punctually and precisely to observe
without seeking or using any means to cover or conceal the
said cloths or taking them up secretly either for saving of duties
or license or other matter or otherwise fear of seizure or confis-
cation pretended, for that these cloths in manner as aforesaid
are destined and adventured to make a trial, and as is hoped
may be a means to certify the archduke's misunderstanding
touching the late restraint by the wise prosecuting and sequel
of the matter. And so desiring to hear from you with all
speed T end.

[Signed], John Hallydaie.

Thus far is all written by our Secretary Mr. Wheler, only
Jno. Hallydaie wrote his own name which I have counterfeited
the best I can.

* Sent «ntli Corlinro's letter of 26 Novenilier, printed below.

404

This following was written by Jno. Halliday liimself —
These five cloths I have sent this day to Lillo to Ant. Lippens
who I have written to follow your order therewith according
to custom that so no advantage may be taken therein, which
cloths cost 22/?. the clo. here being marked with this mark I. H.
This praying you to advise me per the first of the answer of
this my letter, and proceeding in this business in manner as
aforesaid I end etc.

llpp. Copy. XX, 38.

Christopher Wragge to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 9. Town Mailing. — I am glad you are satisfied
with my teaching of your son. My wife resteth very thankful
for your wife's token.

^ p. Holograph. Trace of seal. Misc. iv, 107.

A[r)AM] Mesterton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20, N.s. Dendermont. — Sae pleis wit yat gode
be praisit ame sawelie returnit back agane frome Zelandt
awathing heir your cuming gif it war no* to your impediment
in your effairs, zit neueryeles wy may not ha\'e ye bowe alwayis
bendit. I wil awath you now w* yis scherrett and speciallie
becaus it is now tym for your bedfellow gif sche desyris to by
ony flex, hes bein yis Manday ressonable guid schep as I half
harde. My wyfe tellis me yat ye sort off gherve yat sche
desyris most willinlie to by cumis no* so abondant as neid
waer bot no* ye les byis all yat sche thynkis can serf hacr turne.
This, S', in haeste and awathing your selfe for ans"^. Is
recommending your self w* all your huyshald in ye protection
off ye euer Living Lorde w* my maist humble commendations
to your Loeuing bedfellow and to all ye barnes.

I pray yow, Sr, zit agan w*out anie seremonie to cum doune
w* yo'' bedfellow and barnes and playe thrie or four dayis.
It kan no* be so fer out of your way ; kan half heir allways
newis from Brussels in twa or thrie hours.

1 p. Misc. IV, 116.

Nicholas Bennett to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 11. . — Good Uncle, my aunt hath been

too bountiful towards my wife in her token in respect of her
and my little deserving, yet my wife (willing though not able)
to requite intreateth by these to accept a small token of a
liquor called Usquebath, which I will inform you to be very
wholesome to take at any time, when and so often as it shall
seem good to you to take anything for offence of meat or drink
overcharging the stomach. It is of my own making, therefore
doubt it not. We for the most part (I hope) in England do
worthily sorrow for the too too imexjjected end of our more than
never enough lamented prince. . . If I might imderstand the

405

chai'ges of conveying letters, I would willingly defray the charges
in hope of that content which I undoubtedly expect by your
letters. And for my secrecy in these so deep affairs 1 protest
I wish no longer to live than to be true to this state. But such
is my desire to know that I fear my opportunity may be offence
to know. If not, my life should sooner fail than I prove false
to my friend.

I p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 109.

H[enry] Bakon Da[n]vers to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 11. Bath House, London. — A letter of thanks
for an enclosure.

I p. Seal. Misc. iv, 108.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 12. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 410.]
2|pj7. V, 45.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 12, o.s. Heidelberg. — I have yours of Oct. 31
with enclosure for his highness. Our people have written from
England of their magnificent reception especially his Majesty's
reception of our master, with great signs of true affection and
contentment, which makes us extremely easy and it will shut
the mouths of our malcontents who have attributed so many
imperfections to so gallant a prince. We hear great complaints
of the proceedings of the palatine of Neuburg, chiefly of his
passionate violence in maintaining his preachers, contrary to
the treaties and reason, mounting his men to force the
Calvinists, and favouring the Catholics. He went on the 5th to
Brule to confer with the archbishop of Cologne it is said and
the bishop of Treves and Spinola. I leave you to imagine
what to expect from such a gathering. The Imperial diet is
to meet at Ratisbon on April 25 next.

1^ pp. French, xxxiv, 11.

John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg, to
Henry, Prince of Wales.
1612, Nov. 22. Regismonti. — Serenissime princeps Domine
cognate et affinis longe charissime : opportune nobis accidit
quod cum, ad 111™ Dm. Rhadziwilium amicum et fratrem
nostrum charissinmm, s*** v™« legato nobili Balthazaro
Kankingk, de s*^"* v''*^ prospera valetudine et integro statu
sermones habere licuit, quem cum ipsi penitus notum esse
intelleximus, retulit nobis ea de s*"* v"^""* pic zelo, tum quae
eum comitantur omnium llegalium uirtutum ornamenta,
denique de singulari affectu s"^ v'** in nos nostramque domum
electoralem ; quae nobis quam jucunda acciderunt. Itaque
est quod gratulemur s*' v'"" de faciliori successu, cui nostra
quoque vota conjungimus.

K)(5

Accepimus paulo ante s"^ v^^" literas quibus a iioliis petit
id genus animalium quod Serenissimo parent! misimus* : non
grauis nobis res est animalia istius modi comparare, sed (luemad-
modum sana per mare deduci possint, unicus iste labor est.
Si igitur s*"" v™ ministruni aliquem mittere vellet, qui rectam
et idoneam eorum curam haberet, tum etiam nautas istas
Anglicas, qui inviti sane ista animalia deferiuit, in officio retinere
posset, eo modo res omuino facilior redderetur, qua in parte
nostram operam in uos recipimus.

Locuti sumus denique cum legato s''^ v'"" an in comparandis
canibus nostrum desiderium ad s™ v™™ deferrc uellet, recepit
hoc in se dummodi Uteris nostris s*' V"'^ hoc nostrum petitum
testificaremur. Rogamus igitur, ut ah illo eadem uberius
cognoseere, nobisque hac in parte gratificari velit.

Quod ad legatum attinet exhibuit se erga nos tum uniuersam
nostram aulam talem ut intermittere non possimus quin cum
gte yrae gy nominc studiose commendemus, quo ipsius res et
fortunam sibi commendatam habere velit, denique si forte
ipsius reditus aliquam moram traxit, rogamus ne s" v''^*^ id
ipsum graue cadat, cum affectus noster erga s™ v""" ipsum
diutius apud nos retinuerit. De quo praesens testis esse poterit.
De caetero nostra studia et amorem s*' v™" perpetuo com-
mendatum esse cupimus.

2 pp. Signed, Johannes Sigismundus, Elector. T'race of seal.
Misc. IV, 119.

John Corham to William Trumbull.

161*2, Nov. 14. o.s. Antwerp. — I even now late in the
evening recei^'ed a letter from Midd. underwritten by Jno.
Hollyday (a man to you well known) who writes of five coloured
cloths he hath sent to Lille consigned here to me, which are
the same you have heretofore heard of. Now for that I would
not fail in the least about clearing them here in all tolls, I entreat
your assistance, being better informed of kind of bringing in
of clo[ths] upon such terms than myself. I would have sent
you the copy of my letter, but that is somewhat long and would
ask too much time. I pray let me hear from you instantly for
that I am resolved not to do anything therein until I have some
instructions from you first how to clear them, and afterwards
how to carry myself, the cloths being attached (which we arc
to expect). The clo. are already at Lillo. Here is not a man
that knows of these 5 cloths. Thus expecting your present
answer.

[Postscript]. — This day is certain news come that the prince
died on yesterday was sennight which is most grave and
lamentable news.

^ p. XX, 36.

* A papei- preserved in the Piiblic Record Office refers to ships Ijeing sent t(i
I'etuli eland deer presented by tlie elector of Krandenburg. S.P. Germaiiij, Stair's,
vol. ix, I'ol. 274.

40t

Jamks Monc;kh to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. H. London. — The two last bills of exchange
charged on nic payable to Mr. Phillip Jacobs were here satisfied
by Mr. John More, since which time hath been presented me
from the aforesaid Mr. Jacobs two bills of exchange more, the
one of 40/. sterling, the other of 30l. both which were taken
up by you of Mr. Jno. Martines in Brussels, as he saith, and I
nothing doubt, albeit I understand not so much by any letter
from you. I have accepted them both and will see them well
paid until Mr. Jno. More do reimbourse me with the same.

A p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 110.

William Salmon to William Trumbuli,.

1612, Nov. 14. — Loving cousin, I have received your letter
but there was not that good news which we hoped for — ^that
we should have had some news of your coming into England —
to welcome you and my cousin and little ones. God has visited
our land with much sickness generally which is called a new
disease, and manj^ die thereof and few houses but have tasted
of it. It hath pleased God to take away my father and many
others. This sickness my son also very hardly escaped and
some of my servants. The Lord corrects us for our sins.

1 p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv. 111.

Second examination of Anthony Paton before the
Archbishop of Canterbury.

1612, Nov. 14. — Hath only been once at Antwerp, and that
for 12 or 14 days. He lay in a house near the river, but
remembers not the owner's name. The sign was the City of
Lisle. This was a year ago. He exercised his trade of graving
there, and sold his wares on the Bourse. Was twice or thrice
at Bnissels, the last time being at the feast of St. John Baptist
last past. It was a year since he was at Brussels, at the Unicorn
in a great street which he cannot name, but it is near a street
called the Seventeen Provinces. There also he exercised his
trade on the Bourse. Asked whom he knoweth at Antwerp
and Brussels, he " knoweth no man." Asked where in France
or the Low Countries he could procure a certificate of good
behaviour, he saith he was unknown there.

1 p. Copy. I, 4.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Nov. 26. Cologne. — I have two of yours, the first by
De la Voye who is on his way to Heidelberg. You name one of
the 13th which is not to hand. I thank you for your account
of the palatine's reception in England. Le Sieur, ambassador
for your king, is now here on his way to Prague. He has seen
Mulheim, and is charged to speak to the emperor about it
conjointly with the French ambassadors there and elsewhere

408

in Germany. The two kings, he tells me, propose in future
to act together in the affairs of their allies. Le Sieur will go
by Heidelberg.

The emperor's commissioners arrived here last week and are
now with the elector of Cologne at Bruel, and may go to Treves,
on their way to Aix. I am sure the administrator will send
some one there to look after his interests.

I hear from Prague that Spinola's chief business with the
emperor has been about de Mulhemii structura impedienda
incolisque disturbandis. It is to be feared that the Spaniard
and the archduke will not rest till they have got this thorn
out of their foot, which can only be done by war. The emperor
is going to Austria, at which the Estates of Bohemia are not
best pleased. The ambassadors of tKe Princes Possedants have
had audience of the emperor.

2^ pp. French. Seal, viii, 143.

John Corham to William Trumbull.
1612, Nov. 26, N.s. Antwerp. — I even now received yours
of 25 present, and according to your order I herewith send j^ou
the copy verbatim of my letter I received from Midd[elburg]
from Jno. Hollyday about these 5 col[oured] cloths* by which
you shall understand at large the Compan3^'s intention, the
order being taken by them although sent and to be prosecuted
in a particular man's name. The letter is likewise written by
our Secretary Wheler, but underwritten by Jno. Hollyday in
whose name the clo[ths] are to be prosecuted which I judge
to be the cause that the Compan^^ in general have not written
to you about it because in general they will not be seen in this
business. Now the course I have begun to take and to follow
is this : This day being accompanied with Mr. Wake I went
to the License and told the controller (Van Oppen not being
there) I did expect a par. of 5 cl. without nominating what
they were, for I held not fit to say they were colours, then would
they presently have given sutEcient warning for the forbidding
their coming in, and I think the process (which we must expect
to follow) would have done us more hurt than good. Neither
do I think it is the least requisite to name what sort of cloth,
I expect, until they be arrived. Now to-morrow I mean to
write to Lillo to Ant. Lippens that he send them me, packed
to be here on Wednesday in the afternoon (before which time
I doubt not but to hear from you). At the arrival to the
" keye " I will presently go to the two tolls where we use to
clear our clo. (and they, I know, will clear them) and pay such
duties as they shall demand ; from thence to the Finances,
where, when they but hear coloured clo. named, they will, I am
sure, presently confiscate, but I will there before Mr. Wake and
a notary (both which I mean to take with me) offer to pay all
such duties as they shall demand and to that end will take 50

* At page 403 above.

409

or 60 giild in money with me, and when they shall have confis-
cated them, I will presently by the same notary protest against
them for all damages that may arise by reason of the s<*-
confiscation, protesting how I was there with my money to
have paid all such duties as might be demanded upon the s"!-
5 cloths, and of the notice given before their arrival, all which
being done I know not how to go forward without your help.
But to give you present notice thereof and of their proceedings,
it may be I may come myself to Brussels tcj you, but doubt
cannot stay long with you, for that I am presently minded to
go for Middelb. about the latter end of this week with Mr.
Skinner, but would willingly see something done in this business
before I went that I might better inform our Comp. how things
are like to go and the likelihood of the event of this business.

Now I would fain be resolved whether upon these goods,
which I offer to clear, they may pretend the 4 doubles, as they
do upon goods which are concealed and brought in by stealth.
If they could, I am sure I am free, for that the goods do neither
belong to me, neither did I ever send for them, but are sent me
unawares and unexpected. I would fain be resolved from you
how I were best enter them here in the tolls and licences. In
my own name as the goods of John Hollydaye's ; in my own
name simply, or in John Hollydaye's name simplj? ? Besides if
there be any other course which you would have me use in the
clearing of these 5 clo. or before I do clear, or after I have offered
to clear them, I pray presently inform me, and I will be willing
to follow your directions, for that I would not have any confis-
cation pretended by any default of mine, and in this business I
am sure you can better direct me than I can direct myself and
to that end will expect your present answer to be given on
Wednesday in the forenoon, for I will give order they shall
not be given until Wednesday afternoon or Thursday morning,
because I will not clear them before I have your answer,
doubting lest in clearing them I should omit something necessary
to be used in the clearing of them or in protesting them against
the officers or seizers after they shall be attached. Upon this
noon Bourse it is by some credibly reported that there is forth-
with a passport to be granted for the bringing in of coloured
cloth, but whether according to former passports or according
to the late granted passport to Versteghen cum suis is uncertain ;
of which matter you will no doubt learn the certainty at Brussels
either by Mr. Aynscombe, who went thither yesterday or by
some other whom you imagine should know of such businesses,
but I hold it idle, and therefore will not leave to go forward
with the business in hand except express order (and that
presently) from you to the contrary. This is as much as at
this present I can write you of the business and on the first
occasion you shall hear again from me either by letter or by
my personal appearance.

2 pp. XX, 37.

410

Nicolas Bennett to Mr. William Trumbull's man.

1612, Nov. 19. — This day my uncle Sallmon received 20/.
in part of payment of 125/. for my uncle Trumbull's house,
and with all he paid that 20/. to one John Cardinalc of Beltringe
in part payment of 103/. for house and land in Yalding, near
unto the lands of my uncle TnmibuU's ; and further my uncle
Salmon saitli that if he liad some 20/. more of ready money,
he could purchase tlie field which my uncle Trumbidl heretofore
so much desired to lay to his land, wherefore I desire you to
certify your master of these businesses with as nnich speed
as may be that all these sales may be effected betwixt this
and Christmas next, for so it is of all parties much desired,

I p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 112.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 19. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 411.]
If pp. V, 46.

Daniel Buwinckhausen to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. U;. Stuttgard. — 1 have yours of the 17. These
last days the ambassadors of the PP. of Juliers were here.
They are going to all the United Princes, chiefly about the
affair of Mulheim, whereof the issue is still uncertain.

1 p. French, xii, 12.

John Corham to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 29, N.s. Antwerp. — I received yesterday \'ours
of the 16th in due time with the enclosed mandate, and having
it tliought good to use your counsel in entg- | entering] in them
the owner's name, namely Mr. John Holly daj-, English merchant
resident in Middelburg in whose name the goods are to be
redemanded, and the suit prosecuted, neither can that any
way prejudice the main. For in whose name can it be better
followed than in the owner's ? Now you are to vmderstand
that this day the shipper which brought the papers came up.
He came not unto me until almost 11 of the clock, so that I
willed him presently to give them one in the license and
tolls and that I would clear them in the afternoon, but it should
seem he was prevented, for before that time they were by the
searchers got out of the ship and carried to the king's pachouse
[sic] as confiscate, being a forbidden commodity. Now between
2 and 3 of the clock I went to the tolls, where they would not
clear them, for that the ship had not been there to give them
first on according to custom, so from thence I w'ent to the license
where they were taken up and made confiscate, and told them
of a parcel of 5 roll clo. come from Midd. in Hendrick Adrian's
and was come to clear them and to pay such duties as they
ought. Mynher de Buch, the controller of the customhouse

411

(Van Oppani iK)t there) gave nie for answer they were ah-eady
taken up and were confiscate and the 4 double thereof, being
a forbidden commodity. I told him I saw no reason but the
goods might come in seeing I was ready to pay all such duties
as I could be demanded. He willed me to go in to speak with
Myn heer Oppam. I told him I was not to go any further
to clear the goods, whereupon Mr. Wake being with mie went
and fett the notary and John Chandler, who were hard by,
and again before the notary and the two witnesses I tendered
the money for the clearing of the s'^ 5 cloths, and for denying
them, there[?J protested against them for all costs and damages.
From thence Mr. Chandler and I went to seek the shipper,
but not finding him returned to the tolls, where we told them
that our cloths were already taken up, and therefore might
clear them, but they gave for answer that they could not clear
them vuitil the skipper had been first there, but therein consisteth
nothing for that will neither make nor mar. Yet when I can
find the skipper I will go with him to the tolls to clear them,
although it be nothing to the purpose.

Now I thought good to let you presently understand how
things this day have passed, because you may there rule yourself
accordingly, for that I presume there is already advice gone
to the Finances about the s"* cloth, and I hold it fit you presently
make demand of them, as the goods of Mr. Hollydaye, otherwise
perceiving our drift, they may presently go to confiscation.
I do purpose to be with you on Saturday or Sunday at furthest
and will bring you the rest of the pays and to-morrow will write
to Mr. Hollydaye about to get the Company's order for the
prosecuting the business. The chiefest cause which I write
you at present is that you may there use such means that they
do not forthwith make them confiscate ; and so referring the
managing of this business wholly to your care etc.

1^ pp. Seals. XX, 39.

George [Abbot], Archbishop of Canterbury, to
William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20. Lambeth. — Sends the second examination
of Paton*, the end of which is suspicious. He professeth to be
a strongly settled Romanist but denyeth that he ever had
purpose of ungodly practise ; but therein I am not too hasty
to believe him.

i p. I, 5.

Thomas Albery to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20 [endorsement. London]. — German [Marsham]
will be ready to depart next week. He hatli done all your
business in Kent. The funeral of the prince will be on Monday
14 days. The king is at Theobalds with the palatine, and

* At page 407 al)Ove.

412

prince Charles at Whitehall. The funeral will not be greater
than that of a duke, and horses will not be led as at first resolved
by the Council. I send you a copy of a letter of my 1.
of Rochester, whom the king greatly favours, and for the
honourable virtues he hath deserveth no less. I long to hear how
Colonel Bolt's suit standeth, hoping yourself are come to the
true knowledge of the money which my advocate was resolved
he should prove was lent by queen Elizabeth to the States of
Flanders.

I hear it reported that though almost all courtiers did envy
the late 1. treasurer for his greatness, yet few there are who
would not be so great as he. So great a man will not be found
durante viae (sic) regis. He is wise, blessed be God, and seeth
unto his kingly state. I dare not write what I would. Some
say the Lord Coke, L. Chief Justice, shall be L. High Treasurer,
and Sir Walter Cope, Master of the Court of Wards for his
Ma*y'^ use. His Ma*y is said to be very respectful that many
great officers shall not be enjoyed by one person. Seeing this,
I conclude you need no intercessor more than your letters.

Mr. Davis, the merchant, was this eight days at the Council
table, and the Sp. ambassador opposed against for the sugar
he had sequestrated. The Civil Law shall try whether the
goods shall rest in part of his satisfaction or not, but he hath
" praised " and sold them, and hath the money for them, and
doubteth not to hold it. For Virginia there is another house
built in the Strand where any man for 12d. may draw a running
lot. The other at St. Paul's Churchyard is at 5*. the lot, and
he that brings in 3l. shall presently have a spoon of a noble.
German will bring yovi a new book. I can get no maid yet,
but about Christmas will bring my daughter over.

\Fostscripi]. — Here be new farthings coined of copper — 21s.
to the 20a'. for them that will take them, who are by patent
bound to make payment in silver at any time to any bringing
5/. worth of them. His Ma'y is resolved the busses shall be
built ; their charter is not yet signed, but the company meet
on Sunday next, and two barren " dees " are given them.
Sir Tho. Smith is a principal man in it. I pray you write
what hope is to be had of the king's monej^ and whether you
think it will come to a treaty or not for I would fit myself to
the occasion.

3 pp. I, 112.

Samuel Malapkrt to William Tkumbull.

1612, Nov. 20. London. — Though he has no reply to his
letter of 10 Sept. is sure that Trumbull is mindful of his business
against the count of Hooghstraten for the lOOg. pro anno owed
to him, and that an cjrder has been obtained from the covmt
unto his receiver Monsr. Pierre Francois at Mons for the pay-
ment since the truce ; otherwise it will be necessary to use some
other courses by law. Encloses a letter for his cousin Hermes

413

Muets at Mons, whereby he much marvelleth " that he did
neither hear of me nor of your worship, and that except I did
look better to my business all would be nats " but since I doubt
not he has understood that there is an end made with Vermeulen.
I long to hear of him whether Francois Monfroit my farmer
have paid him some moneys, for there is to receive two years
and will be three come the 30th of this month. [I] send you
by the bearer three pair of " glofs " one pair for Monsr. de
Groote and one pair for Monsr. Van Steenhuyse the third pair
for yourself.

I p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 114.

John Forde to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20. Brussels. — I am right sorry that it was not
my good hap to have spoken with you at my return from
Namuer. I hope you have received the treaties of the year
1573 which I did leave with the good gentlewoman your bed-
fellow. I cannot as yet find the other of the year 1554, only
certain treaties of that 2)eace betwixt king Henry VIII and
emperor Charles that is only confirmation of amity and friend-
ship between them and makes no mention of any merchandise,
the which is written only in Flemish. If you please U) have
the same, send me word with the first, and 1 will cause the
same to be written and I will send you the same, if you think
it may stead you. The GrefRer de Grote telleth me that the
treaties of 54 may repose in the greflier's office of the spicquer
\sic] in Bruges homme [who] hath many registers the which
I will at my return to Bruges, which is on the 21st of this month,
seek all the same office to assist you.

[Postscript], — If you do write to Sir Griffin Markham, pray
remember him of the 75_/?. which he doth faithfully owe me or
I will be thankful unto you, for except you do assist me therein,
I shall never get anything of him ; or if you could deal with
merchants in Antwerp that hath administration of his rent
that he would answer for so much cloth or any other commodity
as is worth 75_^. or in fine I leave all to your very approved
discretion.

1 p. Misc. IV, 115.

John Forbes to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20. Middelburg. — What is, is, to none of our
comforts save that the will of God must always be reverenced.
. . . Let us pray to God to make his Maj. wise by this
warning . . . which prognosticateth more if it be not by
an extraordinary change pre\ented. . . . This is but the
beginning of ills if the right fruit be not made of it, whereof
I am in great doubt. ... I see nothing for my country but
plagues and punishment from God, and who shall have but fe^^'
days shall have too just reason to wish himself as I am if God
do not change the mind of our gracious king to another course.

414

. . . I would gladly wish myself in most sorrowful estate
to procure his Majesty's weal and to have him embrace the
counsel that only should establish his throne. ... I am
assured that beloved prince is taken in mercy for himself but
in wrath to those that come after him. . . . Doubtless this
breach . . . doth open a great gap to the enemies of God's
church and of the dominions of our gracious king and does
embolden their courage to evil which . . . was yet restrained
by the fear conceixed of his forward courage, who now is out
of their way and has left none after him of whom they liaA'e
such fear. . . .

A postscript asking for letters to be sent to Mr. Andrew
Melvin at Sedan with the little packet of money sent to him
from Newcastle for a young man named Barker residing with
Melvin at Sedan. Perhaps Trumbull's servant would do this
" for a countryman."

2l pp. Holograph. Misc. iv, 117.

John Thorys to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 20. Friday. Dorset House, [London].— The
king went to Tibalds on Tuesday and goeth from thence to
Royston, and when he comes home my Lords of Northampton
and Suffolk go to meet his Ma*^ who will lie at Audley End,
my lo. of Suffolk's house, and there make my lord of
Northfampton] Treasurer. Sir Walter Cope is made M'- of
the Wards. The funerals of the prince will be on Monday come
fortnight. Yesterday was the young prince his birthday and
he full 12 years old and dined with the queen. ... A young
fellow came stark naked to St. James' few days after the prince
died and entering in at the gates which were opened for him
at his great and loud knocking, marched very magnifically
along till he came to the Privy Chamber, and there made a
speech to all the company, saying that he was the prince's soul
and was come from heaven whither he should return after
2 days, having in the mean time spoken with the king. At
last he was forced to confess his knavery and so was dismissed
for a frantick fellow. The palatin shall be fiance at Christmas
and married the 1st of May, and so I take my leave. Yo le
scrivo, mas no oygo nada de V.M.* Hoc est justum eUi fnrtasse
dignum sit. Commend me to Mrs. Trumbull and live happily,
for merrily I imagine you can no more than we after so great
and general a loss. Vale.

1 p. Misc. IV, 118.

Jean Babtiste Iserroels to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 30 N.s. London. — Wishes to know if letters
sent on the 23rd by Quester have been received. They concerned
the recovery of a debt.

J p. French. Misc. iv, 126.

* T write to you but liear nothing from you.

415

William Johnes to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 30 N.s. Paris. — Lady Worcester's steward at
her being in Louvain hired a horse to wait upon Sir Edward
to Brussels, to be delivered at my arrival there at the Three
Buckets Inn. The host was asked to send on the horse to a
place appointed. The horse cannot be found. I ask you to try
and recover the horse or moderate at a reasonable composition.
It was a very jade and not worth 5 crowns.

[Postscript]. — The queen is much incensed against Monsieur
de Rohan and those of the religion. Yet she is willing to gi^c
them all contentment, but they are loth to put themselves to
her mercy.

It was thought that the king would have mourned for the
untimely death of our hopeful prince, but he did not.

1 p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 127.

[Dk Villiers Hotman] to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 1. Dusseldorp. — We all grieve for the death of
the most accomplished prince in Christendom. Since the death
of our great king, we have had no such sad news. Lessieur on
leaving Cologne had not heard of it. He has shown me the
clause in his instructions requiring him to keep in the closest
touch with us French ministers for the business of le bon parti.
He began with me in trying to settle the differences between the
Lutherans and Calvinists, and showed much address.

I send to M. Beaulieu something he asked me to have shown
to Mons'- the ambassador. The Imperial Commissioners arrived
at Aix two days ago.

1 p. French unsigned, xxvir, 124.

H. Bilderreck to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 2. Cologne. — The well-affected liere are lamenting
the death of the prince of Wales ; the others rejoice at such
news.

The deputies of Aix have represented the state of their town
to the Administrator. He seems to have cherished the hope
that there would be no alteration in his arrangements during
his vicarship. If this is not so it will behove the United Princes
to be more careful about the promises made to them.

1 p. French, viii, 144.

Arthur Aynscomr to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 24. — The ominous news of our prince is too true.
Mr. Gullimore hath written of it and from Zealand many have
the news. May God preserve our next heir and pledge us from
other changes ; but this we see, how uncertain our present
states are.

I p. Misc. IV, 120.

416

Joseph Skelton to William Trumbult>.

1612, Nov. 25. Rotterdam. — At this morning is certain
tidings come that our hopeful prince of Wales departed this
world on Friday was 8 days in the evening about 9 o'clock.
Some will say that he was poisoned saying that his belly was
swelled and that there was order taken that on Saturday (the
day following) it was appointed he should be opened and trial
made, of which 1 hear not further. God he merciful unto the
king and queen and the rest of that princely race.

At the Hague ... is one apprehended — his name is
Brote. Sometime he lived in Brusseles in Court. It is said
that this man hath a pension from the king of Spain. This
man, it is said, should have betrayed many of the frontier towns.
It is thought he will die for it. He hath been at rack, confessed
many things, and many letters found whereby many things
are known. Time shall tell us the certainty of it.

Concerning my own business I do understand by my good
friend Mr. Peck how much I stand bound to your worship.
Our partner Mr. Etherington hath dealt very hardly with us
and still do continue his dishonest course. Yet there is such
an order taken that the work shaU be set up in Antwerp
according as is promised by Mr. Peck. I desire you to pass
by all past faults and I hope you shall find us men of our word.
I am sorry to have the occasion at present.

[Postscript]. — It is here reported that before Rochall lieth
70 sail of the French king's men of war, to oppress them of
the town. If you have received any answer from Mr. de
Beaulieu that you would be pleased to write how that action
is granted.

I p. Seal. Misc. iv, 121.

Andrew Melvin to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 25. Sedan. — All friends here are well and specially
his uncle who desireth to know of Mr. John Forbus of the wars
in Sweden and Denmark. Trumbull's son William is well. He
has been indued with good principles from his youth. He is
of great memory and for his age has a solid wit, very capable
in everything and so the more danger if it be not well employed.
Good Mr. Blanks takes great care towards him, and so it is
found in his French tongue to the admiration of the Frenchmen
here.

1 p. Holograph. Signed, Andreas Melvinus fifanstevensis.
Misc. IV, 122.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. *26. Paris. — In requital for yours of 14th you

shall know that de Rouvray being returned from Rochelle

bringeth word that those of the Religion there accept the queen's

terms, but ask for them in writing within the 25th of this month.

* Actually dated 26 Octolier, but endorsed November.

417

They desire that the allowance given them for the ministers
and garrisons be increased to 160,000cr. as was granted by the
late king at Nantes, and that whenever any government of
places held by them fall void, they may name three persons for
the q. to choose one. Also that some order be taken about
the yearly election of the judges for the Chambers of the Edict
in this Parlement, complaining that those worst affected to
them are commonly thrust in.

The Spaniards, continuing their insolent usurpations in the
lands between Beam and Navarre, ha^^e forced the q. to send
four companies of soldiers to the governor of Beam. Monsr.
de Hauterive, brother to de Preaux, is sent to Madrid on the
subject. There is a report that the latter shall leave you to
go ambassador to Spain. The Spanish ambassador here, Don
Inigo de Cardenas, came yesterday to take leave of my lord,
in whose room the Sp. ambassador at Venice is expected.

Conde having since Soisson's death renewed his pursuit to
be admitted into the secret affairs, hath gotten himself installed.
If he be constant to his promises, he shall work much good.

The Sp. ambassador reports that the India fleet, long delayed
by weather, has arrived with 15 millions, but this is doubted.

2 pp. V, 47.

Daniel Buwinckhausen to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 26. Stuttgart.— The news of the death of the
prince of Wales has stunned us all. It is a very great loss to us
Germans also. God preserve us from many such accidents and
save for us the king, queen and the rest of your royal house,
which we consider as a bridle to the Spaniard. It is to be feared
that this change may affect Juliers where we fear great disorder
if a remedy is not speedily employed. The ambassadors of
these PP. have had audience of the emperor. M. Le Sieur
was to be at Cologne on the Vi inst., and is expected here soon.

Encloses a packet for Col. Schonburg.

2 pp. French, xii, 11.

Captain John Blount to William Trumbull.

[1612], Nov. 26. Antwerp. — [On the prince's death] we
must take the example of king I)a\id and pray for him that
shall succeed that he may be pater patriae and endowed with
as many royal virtues as any of his predecessors ever had.

{Postscript]. — At your last being here Mr. Lidgones and I
were twice at Mr. Wake's to visit you, but failed.

1 p. XI, 139.

M. D'Athenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 27.— Had his last letter on the 20th. Recom-
mends another fat packet to his habitual courtesy. The absence
of the king and the palatine, hunting at Roj^ston, leaves nothing
Avorth writing about.

French. J p. xxi, 130,

Wt.l216 Down. Ill— 27

418

A[ndre] Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 27, [o.s.]. Frankenthal. — I thank yon for yours
of 4th, 7th and 14th, which came by the ordinary, by de la
Voye and Boschot. On my return here I learn the sad news of
the death of the prince of Wales at which our adversaries rejoice
d gorge ouuerte.

De la Voye has not yet spoken to the administrator, who has
been hunting the wild boar. Last Simday H.M. sent for me
to tell me of the success of his case at Malines. I took the
opportunity to commend De la Voye.

The Aix business is considered one on which turns all the
authority of my master and of the union. Aix deputies have
lately been here for assistance. They were told that if the
commissaries intended anything against the new Magistral my
master would immediately send representatives to oppose their
designs as far as possible. The conference of Erfordt will be
held between Saxony and Brandenburg so Fuchs says. Neuburg
is still bent on mischief. We hear much of oiir enemies' designs,
but are on our guard. I will return your copy of the marriage
treaty by Boschot or de Grim when passing on his way to
England. Keep account of what you spend on letters. You
shall be repaid by Bilderbeck at Cologne or elsewhere.

2^ pp. French, xxxiv, 12.

Daniel Skynner to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 28. Antwerp. — I received per Mr. Newport a
note with a pattern of stuff, which upon receipt I caused to
be put in work, conform unto the monster*, whicli shall be ready
within three weeks at furthest and hath promised me shall be
much better. This enclosed I received yesterday from
Midd[elburg] as then making account to have been my self
messenger this day but my business hath been too tedious
beyond expectation, so that it will be Friday before I can come
from hence, when without fail I shall be ready to have my
definitive sentence at Brussels, for what is to l)e done here is
this day to be ended. If you see S' Masterton I pray you
tell him from me that I have much injury per the longe tardation
of these bays [baize] at Dunkirk, and request him to procure
an end thereof against my coming, because I know not what
haste this enclosed might require. I thought good to send it
before my coming.

I p. xxxvi, 90.

Thomas Newport to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 28. Antwerp. — I have enquired of the gravers
at the Exchange and they know no man named Anthonie
Patton. ... I delivered to Meinhere Vanhove the money
which you delivered me. Touching my affairs you shall under-

* Fi'om old French monstre = moritre, a specimen.

419

stand that Hans Versteghen dealeth very badly with me. Upon
Monday I went to him in the morning and showed him my
orders to avoid further charges who would give me no direct
answer, so I was forced to send a notary to him that day, and
to him he gave as indirect an answer, as I was compelled to
send the Usher of the Hoffe, whicli I did upon Tuesday morning,
who told him he would answer him upon Wednesday, where-
upon I stayed till Wednesday. The Usher went again and he
will give no answer to him or me but delays, so I have protested
against him. In the mean time T am much damnified in not
having my cloths, and put to much charges. Therefore I
humbly pray you to speak to Morf''- Robiano that such order
may be taken that I may not be mocked by Versteghen with
their order, and shall in regard of my great hindrance damage
and charges. The finances would be pleased to set a tax as
well upon my 9 cloths, already by mc received, as also per the
71 cloths in the king's packhouse. Upon my clotlis he hath
received of me in money 6 weeks past the sum of 2Ql. 6s. 8d.
which is something above 9 gul. a cloth. The Pensioner of this
town, Dewarty, is now at Bruges and this matter is recommended
to him from the College here and I pray you to speak to Moritius
tliat my request be made to show my great loss and hindrance
per this bad dealing of our new farmer.

Praying you again to speak to Mon*'- Robiano how that I
am used. Versteghen, now he hath put me to all this charge,
would have me to refer it to Dr. Wright, but I had rather
see him to " dame."

1 p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 124.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 29. Vlushing. — I have nothing from you these
3 or 4 weeks. Since mine sent by Mr. Caesar our prince is dead.
You may read as much as written to me from my friends there.
The same day he died the king went to Tyballs where he stayed
three days only, in which time for the most part he kept his
bed. On Monday last he came to Sir Wa[l]ter Coope's house
at Kennington, but finding that no remedy could remove the
representation of his sorrow, after two nights he returned to
Whitehall, nor will he stay there any longer than until Monday
next, but back again in Tyball's. The next morning after the
prince's death the Lords of the Council repaired to St. James's
where they took an inventory of all the prince's moveables,
which by them was committed to safe custody. That afternoon
his body was opened, no conjecture of poison appeared, all his
principal parts sound, only his liver a little discoloured towards
whiteness, and his brain somewhat charged with matter. His
death is imputed to an universal inflammation of the blood
occasioned through his over- violent exercise at tennis and
over-eating of grapes. The funeral will be on Dec. 7.

420

The P. Palatine feared the death might hinder his desires,
but the k. understanding of it gave present commandment that
he should have as free access as before to the lady Elizabeth
and to eat with her. The substance of the contract between
them is concluded and set down in Avriting. H.M. giveth
40,000/. to be paid in four years ; the ct. Palatine assureth
unto her the defraying of her house and all other charges.
Fifteen hundred pounds p.a. for her minor expenses, and a
jointure of 10,000L p.a. in widowhood. If he marry again,
then to have the 40,000L restored with a great quantity of
moveables and all her jewels. On St. John's day in Christmas
next the parties shall be publicly contracted in the king's chapel.
May 1 is appointed for the marriage with this proviso — that if
by any unexpected accident the Palsgrave shall be in the mean-
time recalled to Germany, the marriage shall be instantly
without more order consummated. The mourning shall last
only till March 24, for it seems he will have no mourning on
his day. On April 23 he and ct. Maurice shall be invested with
the Garter.

Before the king go to Ty})airs it is expected that the
1. treasurer and two secretaries will be chosen. We shall then
peradventure know who shall be Master of the Horse and of
the Wards. Sir George Carew who was chief in that office
died the 13th. All this I received yesterday from England.

[Postscript], — We are still in trouble about the augmentation
of our quota, which is the point which if we cannot agree, it
will overthrow our Republic.

2\pp. Holograph, xxxix, 56.

William Williams to W[illiam Trumbull].

1612, Nov. 29. — You shall receive by your man an Irish
greyhound, and for that he is for the wolf or the fox rather than
for a hare I think he will be more acceptable unto you. Yet
•will he course a hare so the " rasse " be not above a mile.
I have taken order to have out of Ireland a good one, but it
will be Candlemas afore he doth arrive. For the dog may be
delivered to whom you shall appoint I send you enclosed this
note to receive him at the Savoy of one Walter Plunkett, an
Irishman belonging to my 1. Compton's sister who hath her
lodging in the same yard where my 1. Compton heth at the
Savoy. My 1. had determined to come for England this summer,
but I think the loss of our prince will alter his determination.
Our Spaniard Diego hath been here and is returned to Florence.
He desired me to do his commendations to you, and so Mr.
Garet in hke manner. Mr. Cotington is well, but comes not
for England until May as he writes. I doubt not but you have
the news of the arrival of the Indian fleet. Mr. Costingham
is arrived from Madrid. Sir John Digby's lady is brought to
bed of a son.

421

All is mourning and sadness. The honours are performed
Monday week. The king will be here until then.
1 p. The last three sentences in Spanish, xlvi, 40.

Attached, a, note addressed to Walter Plunket at the Savoy at
my lady Compton's lodging. Walter, my desire is that that
you deliver the greyhound which you promised me to the bearer
hereof. I have spoken to your old master, Mr. Hall, and he
was glad that you had undertaken to send to your brother
about this dog, for he thinks they will send a good one.
Fail not to deliver him to the bringer of this note, though I be
not in London.

\ p. XLVI, 41.

[De Villiers] H[otman] to William Trumbull.

1612, Dee. 9. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of Nov. 26. Please
show M. Beaulieu the extract from the first proposal of the
Aix Commissioners, to which in my opinion those good folk
will make no answer till the arrival of the Heidelberg and
Brandenburg deputies.

We will keep an eye on Spinola if he comes to Cologne. The
Brandenburg envoys have had good answers in England and
Holland. We expect them here soon.

[Postscript], — I hear of the loss of vessels coming from Goha
to Portugal, amounting to four or five millions. What has
become of father Ney ?

1 p. French, xxvii, 125.

H[u6h] Perry to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 30. yEndorsement]. — I intreated Mr. Walk to
enquire of one Van Bembc a jeweller dwelling in the Leet
Straet what jewels he sold unto A[d]rean Robell with all
particulars and the price of each. When you have it, intreat
him to attest it before notary. I intreated Caverson the
younger, his brother in law, to do this, but he forgot. If you
see him, he will go with you to Van Bembe. When Waike was
at Brussels Van Bembe was from home.

^ p. Holograph. Trace of seal. Misc. iv, 128.

James Monger to the Same.

1612, Nov. 30. London. — All such moneys as you have
charged me with by exchange payable to Mr. Philip Jacobs
I have accepted and they are all paid by Mr. John More.

I p. Misc. IV, 125.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Nov. 30. o.s. Vlushing.— Yours of 24th I had
yesterday. Mr. Corham brought the news thereof before
it came, for he had sent it by the post. With him came from

122

Antwerp my kinsman whom you mention. I questioned him,
and he confessed that by those vermin Jesuits he had suffered
himself to be persuaded to be made a pensioner to the k. of
Spain, but how they would employ him, they liad not yet
opened. He came into your parts from hence where lie arrived
about a month ago. He then made himself known to me.
I do not remember to have seen him before. He first desired
to borrow money of me for his journey to Denmark, having
Ijeen there last summer with Captain Farmer. I refused and
betook myself to persuade him to give o^er that service and
take entertainment here under the States or in this garrison,
proposing to myself to make him an honest servant to my
prince and country, not knowing that he was a Papist, but
asking after his bringing up and being told me he was a Papist,
I refused to admit him either to serve here or to recommend
him elsewhere. Pleading his poverty he said he was fallen
into disgrace with his friends at home and that therefore he
knew not where or how to help himself. I ordered my own
son to give him a piece of gold, and so I did quit myself of him.
His voluntary confession of his progress since that time telleth
me that from thence he went to the Slus and thence to Antwerp
by land, and so to Brussels, where by reason of his wants he
repaired to those " Cannalies " [canaille] that you named,
who fell into their wonted practices to gain him to the service
of Spain, promising him if he could procure letters unto them
from his friends to assure them that he was what he pretended
to be. He saith he now returneth to his friends, and to come
back again shortly. I will not be his absolver. I have caused
him to be searched bj?^ our Provost Marshal who found on him
only two letters, one from the servant in the house where he
lodged called John Derby, written to his friend in England,
an idle letter, the other from one Captain Preston, an Irishman
serving the archdukes, written to his friend Mr. George Labor
[Lalor ?], an Irishman also, lying in Grusin Lane in London,
entreating his friends' assistance in a business that he hath to
handle with his friends for money, to further him in a pretended
marriage. This is all I can gather. I am much beholding to
you for your advertisement of the young man. There can be
no honesty in those of our countrymen who go about to make
themselves pensionaries to Spain. But where you say that he
is known unto me, let me know your meaning and spare not to
speak or write ought profitable for H.M.'s service. Your words
were " he is described to me to be a tall proper gentleman, but
other circumstances I was not cm-ious to learn for he is said to
be well known unto your self." I send him over under guard
of our Provost Marshal's servant with your letter to me.

Yom- letter is the first I received from you this month, and
yet I have written to you by divers.

2f pp. Holograph, xxxix, 57.

4^23

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Dec. 10. Cologne. — I have yours of the 3rd. The
Postmaster here cannot account for the loss of your letters,
except that it often happens !

The emperor wishes the Imperial diet to be held at Ratisbon
on H April. The United will meet first. The duke of Saxony
and those interested in Juliers arc to meet at Erfurt in January.

The emperor's proposals as to Aix are not hopeful. They are :

1. The emperor is to be sole arbiter.

2. Having heard the complaints of the Jesuits and old
Magistracy against the Protestants who at the moment are in
power, he takes them into his protection.

3. The Magistracy is to leave the administration of justice
to the Echevins.

4. The reformed Magistracy is to license the garrison, under
compulsion.

The good folk are mvich distressed at the proposal. The
Princes Possedants as protectors of the town will send deputies
there. I wish the Heidelberg commissaries had arrived.

The Spanish ambassador is to be married here. This makes
me very suspicious seeing how easily they could fill the town
with disguised soldiers, for the festivities. I am amazed that
the PP. do not think more of their estate and put some garrison
in Mulheim.

2| pp. French, viii, 145.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 10. [n.s.]. Monday. Antwerp. — The liolidays
prevented my sending these papers sooner. Our young clerk
could not have access to the papers in the Town House till
this day. The others will be ready to-morrow. If you want
others, it would be well to use this clerk while he can help us ;
for secretary Ewins would abridge him of doing us further
pleasure.

Mr. Coreham went to Middelbourg on Saturday. Two
letters have since come for him from thence, one from John
Hallidaie, the other from Mr. Wheeler ; they have ordained
him that having made full declaration of the 5 cr. upon the
tolls and license, he should proceed no further in that business
until their further order. I thought good to give you adver-
tisement that if Coreham required your assistance, you would
suspend anything that you have in hand hereabouts, except
you receive your warrant from a superior power that may
command you.

The post of Spain is arrived but no letters for* Mr. Wake,
who desireth you that if there be any for* him in that
packet, I would immediately send them, for he laboureth with
more than a woman's longing to have them. If your letters
contain more concerning his business than you suppose may

* The text reads from in each case, obviously in error.

424

be given him to understand by Mr. Colford he hopeth you will
make him participant. We do not desire to anticipate the
mysteries of your proceedings about the cloth.

The fleet is arrived the 9th ult. rich in plate, 9 millions in
circa and 2j millions in copmanscap.* Of the plate 3j millions
for the king's account.

Mr. Wake would desire you that, having yourself no letters
for him, you would send to Mr. Bayly that if either he or any
of his friends have letters for him, to send them with all
expedition.

l^pp. Holograph, xix, 24.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], Dec. 1. The Hague. — The advertisement
you sent is of importance, that the emperor has given the
investiture of Cleves and Juliers to the d. of Neuberg, and that
at the instance of your marquis, which doth discover that
which we have suspected, that between his son and your princes
there is an underhand and secret intelligence. The ambassadors
of Brandenburg which have been in France and England this
last week arrived here and to the negotiations have received
this answer that the States will ever be willing to join with the
kings of Great Britain and France to lend their assistance for
the conservation of their countries. The States are now content
that the ct. Maurice shall receive the Garter but on condition
that H.M. shall dispense with him for the observing of certain
ceremonies which they think will give scandal to the discipline
of the Churches, and H.M. is content to acquit him of all. He
was to have been received into the order with the ct. Palatine
before Christmas, but it is to be put off till the accustomed
time — St. George's day.

All the letters from Denmark say that there will be peace
between that king and Sweden.

1^ pp. XLVii, 64.

John Chandler to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 11. Tuesday. Antwerp. — I send you by the
last ordinary the Perpetual Edict decreed in Lille by Philip
le Bon for the banishment of English cloth etc. Here enclosed
I send the other papers recommended, for which, containing
20 leaves, are paid and disbursed by Mr. Wake 20*. ster. We
are given to understand that the finances have taxed Mr.
Versteghen's passport of white cloth at 11^. per cent, but whether
it be in Mr. Newport's particular respect or generally, we know
not, but desire to be advertised. Wherefore we desire that
you will inform yourself thereof, and give us notice what is
passed thereabouts. Mr. Wake expecteth his letters from
Spain and in default of them your advice of what hath passed
in that business.

^ p. XIX, 25.

* For Dutch koopmanschap, merchandise.

425

Mary Gilpin to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 2. o.s. Hague. — I do send you another copy
of the treaties which I have, and for the date of them I do not
know, for the[y] are just copied as I have them. The Company
of Merchants Adventurers have a large book of me which was
my husband's concerning divers treaties and privileges which
I make no doubt but there is somewhat in which will serve
your turn. Concerning the money for copying, I hope you
will no more mention of, but wish it were in me to do you a
greater kindness.

J p. Misc. IV, 129.

Walter Mynors to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 2. Rineb[erg]. — Asks if a sum of 20 nobles, which
his brother Ralph had promised to leave with Trumbull for
him, has been paid or not.

I p. Misc. IV, 130.

William Trumbull to King James I.

1612, Dec. 3. Brussels. — Yesterday was sennight these
princes returned from Marymont to this town. To-morrow
they will give audience to an ambassador sent hither by the
archduke's brother, the archd. Maxmilian about the dividing of
the late Emperor's goods (as men think) and some otlier private
businesses concerning the House of Austria. Count Furstenberg
and his colleagues, now commissioners for the emperor to take
information of the present government of Aquisgrane, have
been secretly at CuUen to speak with the magistrate of that
city, and since are gone to find the bishop at his house called
Bruel where they should also meet with the elector of Treves,
to the end that by their joint advice and the counsel of these
archdukes the whole scope of their proceedings may be governed.
These diversions of those men will give opportunity to the
administrator of the Palatinate and the elector of Brandenbourg
to send down their deputies in like manner for the aiding of the
Aquisgraners. And so in short time it will be seen which way
the emperor doth incline, and what answer those of the reformed
Religion are to expect at his hands.

The archdukes, to manifest their inflexible resolution of
banishing our cloths out of their territories, have sent one
Monsr. d' Ayala, commiss. of their finances and one Monsr.
Marchant, superintendent of their confiscations, into Flanders
with ample authority and power to make enquiry for all such
English cloths as have been brought into that Province by
stealth or indirect means since the expiration of their late
passports. Under the cloak of which commission they have
committed sundry insolences, wherewith the Flemings seem
to be much aggrieved, but hitherto they cannot have any

J.'2()

redress, albeit they profess that their privileges are thereby
violated, and say that in case the archd. will not permit English
cloths to be vented in that country as well as at Antwerp, they
will refuse to accord him the million of florins which at this
present he instantly demandeth of them for an extraordinary
contribution to pay his debts. The Antwerpers are likewise
somewhat startled at an order lately made by the Merchant
Adventurers after G months time to call away all those of their
Society which trade into the archdukes' dominions, foreseeing
that (in case it be observed) the Italians which now maintain
a trade of silks among them, must also withdraw
themselves irom hence, and follow our Companj^, as the
shadow doth the body, because they cannot otherwise
utter the commodities of their country. And it is conceived
that if there could any secret means be used to bring these
English merchants to Bruges, which are now residing at Antwerp,
the Flemings, who are desirous of trade and much pressed with
the continual exactions laid upon them by these princes, would
so tamper with them as we should henceforward have our
wonted commerce with quietness and freedom. The rather
if your Ma*y should withal find it convenient provisionally to
forbid the entrance of all Flemish manufactures into your
realms, or else to make them pay license, and be brought in
by the way of passport, as our cloths are with the dominions
of the archdukes. In which order there seemeth so much
greater expedition to be used, because there is all human
industry employed to revive the making of cloths in the town
and certain workmen enough brought hither from Liege who
have already made 12 pieces of mingle coloured cloths, for a
trial, and if those prove well, are determined to make a far
greater quantity. Moreover their own coarse cloths, made at
Wert and other towns of these countries are, since the banish-
ment of ours, raised in their value at least 12 per cent., and likely
liereafter to increase in their price unless there be care taken
to get some speedy redress from these princes. Herein they
are much encouraged through the great abundance of wool
which is daily brought into the ports of Flanders and Brabant
by the unlawful practices of your Ma'^'* evil affected subjects
(who prefer their private gain before the public benefit of the
commonwealth) and this fraud is committed for the most part
out of the river of London by the way of Zeland, or else out of
the Cinque ports and their members by way of Boulongue,
Callay and Dunquerke. And although I have heretofore in my
precedent letters both to your Ma'y and the late 1. treasurer
represented the inconvenience of this disorder, yet I most
humbly beseech your Ma*y give me leave to repeat it again
in this dispatch, forasmuch as even at the writing thereof I
was credibly informed by an officer of the archdukes that it
is still continued to the great hindrance of your Ma*y'' subjects
and the enriching of this nation.

427

According to your Maty''* commandment delivered me by
the 1. viscount Rochester I have dealt effectually with the
Irishman named in mj^ former letters*, and been assured by him
that at this present there is a confederacy fjctween the Pope
and the king of Spain (as soon as there shall happen any disgust
between your Ma^y and him) to send 6,000 men into the realm
of Ireland, of which army they are to bear the charge by equal
])ortions, and to land them in the four several provinces in this
sort — 2,000 in Leinster, and as many more in Ulster, 1,000 in
Munster and 1,000 in Connaught. And he saith further that
there are five Franciscan friars sent thither to prepare the way
for those men's entrance by stirring vip sedition in the country
and debauch your Ma*y'^ subjects to join with your enemies.
I questioned him about the time when the practice should be
put in execution and at what ports this army was to be eml>arked
and make their descent. He answered that all those circum-
stances were not hitherto resolved on in regard that the business
was not yet come to perfection, and promised and voAved to
me that he would earnestly endeavour both to discover these
and all such other conspiracies as should be hatched hereafter
among his covuitrymen, either against your Ma'y'^ person
or your dominioiis. This much he required me to signify unto
your Ma'y in his naine as an earnest of the service which he hath
vowed to your Ma'y, in recompense whereof he most humbly
beseeeheth your Ma'y to grant him a general and free pardon
for all such offences as he may have committed against your
Ma'y'" laws ; which he protesteth never to have been other
than coming out of England, without your Ma'y'^ license,
and that only witli intention to enable himself the better to
serve your Ma'v and the state. And for his present mainten-
ance that he may the better travel up and down these countries
(which are extremely dear and chargeable) to have an annual
pension of 6s. 8d. by the day during his life, the first payment
whereof he likewise desireth may begin in the month of January
next ensuing. If by these means he may be enabled to continue
in the Netherlands, he promiseth to apply both his own pains
and those of his friends, to gain a good part of the Irish regiment
serving here to your Ma*y'^ devotion, and when there shall
be cause, either to bring them to your Ma*y'^ service, or to
divert them from that of your adversaries.

Herewithal I send your Ma*y an answer which after long
expectation the archd. hath made to the remonstrance I pre-
sented unto him, above three months since by his special
order and commandmentf, which doth sufficiently declare his
intention not only to banish English cloths out of his covmtries,

* This would seem to be Fargiis Donnel son of Hugh Donnel of Tene Kelly.
See 8.P. Flanders, vol. x, fol. 303.

t Tile text of the answer does not seem to have been preserved, but there is a,
paper of Trumbull headed " Considerations upon tlie Arcliduke's answer, delivered
to me the 25 of November, 1012," in S.P. Flanders, vol. x, fol. 239.

428

but also (as I have often said heretofore) here to revive the
use of that manufacture to the great hindrance your Ma*y's
subjects and the em-icliing of his own. In it are contained
divers mistakings and more impertinences, as by the due
examination thereof will plainly appear, and in part is made
manifest by the parts observed out of the chronicles and certain
ancient treaties between your Ma^y'^ predecessors and the
prince of the Netherlands.
3|- pp. Draft. Min. i, 139.

Notes at bottom of page :
Boileduc for cloths.
Sir Albert.

Archduke's mourning.
Ireland.

Pater Nayeu's death.
Pater Alfonso. 1
Cap. Valke. /
English men at Dunkirk.
Levies in Burgundy, Artois, Gelders.
[Ibid.l

A[dam] Mksterton to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 3. Terremonde. — S"-- Your agreable 28 9"™
1612 veis resaueit, and considdering ye first and lamentable
artikle of ye dathe and depertinge of our naturael manlie and
hoopefule Prynce am no' only sorie and full of maelancolie
as on naturael subiect and servant acht to haife for ye daethe
and loose of his kyndlie kyng and Prynce bot also particularhe
for ye guide hoope I had and vas awaething for, gif ye mareaege
betuix his Ma*'"' and ye huyse of Florens had goone fordwarte ;
bot on most haife patience in ye Lorde remitting ye Caus to
o' Kyng and sauiour Chryst Jesus, quho hes sufferit ye self
passage befor, w* quhom I dout not bot his grace is restend.
In ful cuming of ye secoimd poynt of yo"^ messeise my wyfe
is sending to your bedfellow fyfe bussels, and euerie on hes on
litil bilget hoe muche yat hes bein payit justlie for ye sam q"'
extendis in all to ye soumme of fyfthein florens seuen stuners
end ein halfen, and ye first yarne Aas achte florens and thre
stuners extending in all to ye soumme of thriend tventie florens
ten stuners and haife. My bedfellow byis non other sort nor
gif it vair for hi"^ selfe ye q* I dout no' bot your bedfellow
sal half contentment w* all, and says to me yat sche kan no'
haif according to hir appetyde becaus guyd yarne cumis no'
so abundantlie and my vyfe says yat ze haif no Intrest by it
as zit, soe sal do yair in sinserlie as for o'^ selfe. I haif loukit
for you heir, Sr, wt your bedfellow and schyldirine bot hes
contentment in your letter. I kan no' be merrye at yis present,
and I haif bein in ye lande of Waes' w' my wyfe and sum of
our schildirrine and hes had miserable passage w' scherret
so w' Impedement of water as toyis yat ar blawen one ye waye
w' ye wyndis, and soe sal stay or meitting q" kresmis or q" ye
wedder and waye be more establesit or according to your best

429

laser, and soe leefing af to truble you, Sr, w*^ langer impasment,
is recommending you w* your bedfellow and schildering into
ye protection of ye euer leuing Lorde w* my wyfis hartlie
commendations to your bedfellow onto quhom sche is sending
a litil deel of ye pi-ouision I brf)cht w' my from Zelant ye q"'
vas werrie smael in itself becaus yair vas verrie litil of ony
prouision cumit in as zit ; remitting ye rest to your guid ans"^
and to mak vs partecipant of ony furder newis from ye kynde
cuntrye. God gif yat yai may be blyether yan ye present hes
bein.

li pp. Holograph. Misc. iv, 131.

Andre Paull to Wii.liam Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 3. [o.s.]. Heidelberg. — I enclose Mons"'- dc
Ste Catherine's answer to Berruyer. The emperor's commis-
sioners are playing the devil at Aix. The inhabitants have
complained to our master who is sending deputies — Baron de
Winenberg and Dr. Pastor. Boschot, who brought news of
the success of H.M. in his suit at Malines, left for his home
last Tuesday, by Cologne. I will send the marriage contract
by the gentleman who is lea\ing for England.

1 p. French, xxxiv, 13.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 3. Paris. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 414].

2 pp. V, 48.

John Brownlowe to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 4. Antwerp. — I would know upon what terms
my business stands with Vincles. Enclosed is a little packet
from Mr. Farbushe with money marked A.M. with his love
to you. He would have it sent to Sedan.

[Postscript]. — The 20l. from Sir Wm. Stanley's first payment
I have received. How will you have it disposed of ?

J p. XI, 140.

Sir Dudley Carleton to the Same.

1612, Dee. 4 o.s. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's
Memorials, Vol iii, p. 415].

3 pp. XV, 36.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 5, o.s. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of Nov. 16,
20 and 23. I will deliver Markham's on his return. If the
emperor's commissioners at Aquisgrane had nothing else to
say than what is in their proposition, their errand were not
so extremely to be abhorred, but their commission is like a
Kentish man, having a long and dangerous tail. Yet I think

430

the emperor will have some regard of Deux-Ponts, whose
reputation is deeply engaged. Our jars here are not composed.
I hope we do not give our adversaries so full a subject of laughter
and an invitation to make use of such an opportunity and stir
sooner than they would. Aquisgrane adds fuel to our disagree-
ment, hut not flame. How opposite our Palatine is to the
courses of Heidelberg you know. Touching Aquisgrane he is
as careful as they of Brandenburg. The Marq. Ernest is gone
to his brother in Prussia.

Asks for particulars of the place of 7 bastions.

1 p. XXII, 59.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 5, [o.s.]. Heidelberg. — The bearer is one of
the administrator's suite on his way to England to oxu- master.
He is commended to you. The proposals of the Aix Commis-
saries are : first that the townsmen are not to maltreat one
Berckheim and another sorry rascal, the two prime movers in
the late trouble ; second, not to interfere with the Jesuits in
their work; third, to dismiss their troops. They appeal to H.H.,
who is sending deputies. We can now see the rest of the objects
of the commission. The town is to be the opening scene of the
drama — or tragedy. You can estimate Furstenburg's capacity,
who after leaving Prague met on the road de Creange and asked
where he was going, and being told to Anspach, asked him to
commend him to the marquis and to tell him from himself
that next year the emperor would be fighting the Turk in
Hungary and that H.H. would be his second in command ;
that war over the emperor would be dealing with the rebels,
meaning our Protestant Princes. The marquis replied " Voild
un gallant Commissaire qui SQait si hien reveler les secrets de son
maistre et de son ambassade. Don Balthasar de Zuniga will
soon be in these parts to be married by the Bishop of Spire at
Aidenheim, one of his houses. Thence he will go to Cologne
to meet Spinola. The emperor's amb''- Colonel Fuchs has
been here tliis week to say that the diet will be a fortnight
after Easter next, exhorting H.H. to be present. He got no
promise. The emperor has returned to Vienna. He is ruled
by Closel. What could be more foolish than to offend the
Protestants, to expect contributions from them, and then to
have a diet where I promise you there will be trouble ?

La Voye has had his audience, and will have his answer to-day.

2^ pp. French, xxxiv, 14.

J[ohn] Sanford to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 5, o.s. Madrid. — All the eyes of Christendom
were fixed on our hopeful prince, for love or fear of him, as one
that balanced the state of kingdoms and kept them upright.
Colford's papers cannot be admitted in the Hazienda. There

431

were 100,000 cr. brought into that caxa (house) and paid them,
the officers called upon them to come in and clear their papers
and to receive their money. The former tricking of points and
retardation of the business in delaying to agree betimes between
themselves l)eginneth now to show itself according as you and
I always inspected [sic] would come to pass. The point on
which Colford is quarrelled is the delegated power which he
gave to Francis Fowler to negotiate and receive for him, and
his moneys to be paid nominatim to Wadsworth and Fowler,
who being now dead, and no clause appearing in his will, by
which he could qualify Mr. Berrie his executor to undertake in
that point, is like to frustrate this year's crop unless the papers
be cleared out the office of the Hazienda. Father Creswell
hath offered to be deposed to relieve Colford, as the latter
himself told me, but cannot be received. Clear the papers,
and the money is ready, which though it fall into next year's
account, yet both principal and interest shall be royally paid.
Now what entremes* Mr. Roulands will play hereupon, ipse
viderit.

1 p. Holograph, xxxvi, 62.

Thomas Newporte to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 6. Antwerp. — I have made enqiiiries of all our
gravers upon the Burse here and I cannot find that there is
any such as Anthonie Patton. My business at an end here
with Mr. Versteygen, I being entreated by some of the finances
who write me, I thought it good to accept of a reasonable
condition especially being moved thereunto by great men,
which if I had denied them, would have peradventure take
it in ill part. I see by the progress of this that they are mightily
backed and will make the best and most of their passport for
that I think they will bring in all the cloths themselves, they
having denied some cloth buyers of the town here which went
to Middelburg and bought cloth there. My cousin Rumpane [?]
will be the day merchant, for most of the cloth that shall come
upon this passport. I pray you speak to Moritius for me that
he meddle no more but that he keep all my papers by him,
and I shall be much beholding to you.

Please send the enclosed to Sir George Shirley.

I p. Holograph. Seal. Misc. iv, 132.

Sir John Digby to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 7, o.s. Madrid. — I have yours of Nov. 6. Calley
and Colford have accommodated their dilTerences, which might
have been done the first day that Colford came. I fear that
although the money be here ready for them, they will hardly
so clear their papers as to make much benefit of this fleet.

* a comical interlude between th« acts of a play. Pined.a : A Neto Dictinnary
Spanish and English.

432

Colford is fallen into an inconvenience by the death of Fowler
in whose name the papers were made. I have a kinswoman in
the monastery of Brussels who hath often written to me in this
business. Let her know to what terms it is now reduced.

About Nov. 26 were brought, dispatched from Don Inigo
de Cardenas, the tidings of the death of our most worthy prince
Henry. There could scarce anything have happened whereat
these people would have grieved less.

The journey to Portugal is prorogued. The Portuguese have
already spent 300,000 or 400,000cf. in preparations. The
reason pretended is the tie which the king hath by the late
treaty with France.

Lerma hath lately strengthened his house by two marriages.

Father Nayen is dead, who was employed in the truce. He
died on 20 Nov.

Si' pp. XXII, 130.

Captain Edmund Bruz to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 9. London. — I sent you a month and more ago
a letter including 3 pairs of spectacles from the count of Bruaye.
I have had no answer and pray you tell me whether you received
the letter. I am lodged in the Strand in Mr. Millington's house
near St. Clemans.

I p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 133.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 10. Paris. — The demands of the deputies of
Rochelle are flatly refused, but the q. will make good the
promises made by de Rouvray in her name, and will make a
new publication of the edict. The article allowing provincial
assemblies is not included. De Rohan hath sent to make his
submission.

The States' amb"^ here hath been told that the q. will
continue the pay of the two French regiments in Holland for
another year, conditionally first on her being able to recall them
at any time for service against rebels of either Religion, secondly
that no captain or other in the said regiments may come
hither to assist those of the Religion, thirdly that the q. may
reserve unto herself the disposition of such officers' places as
fall void, and lastly that the States discharge this crown toward
the k. of Great Britain for the debt owing to him, it seeming
that they stand in some difference with our king about it. The
amb'' doth not think that the States will be brought to most
of these conditions.

The Spanish amb''- lieger here is departed, having left an
imberbis Dutchman, who served him more as an amanuensis
than a secretary, to supply the place till an ambassador come.
But it is thought he may return. The Conde d' Oliva and the
marquis de Flores Davila are also going home, and it is thought
the amb"^ is to have a consultation with them about the

433

affairs of France, England and Germany. There has been
jealousy here about the secret conveyance here of extraordinary
sums of money, the destination whereof cannot be discovered.
1^ pp. Seal. V, 49.

Daniel Buwinckhausen de Walmerode to
William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. Ml- Stuttgard. — On the prince's death and the
great expectations entertained of him. Lesieur has been and
left that day but his Highness has been away, at some distance.

I p. xir, 13.

A[ndre] Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 10. o.s. Heidelberg. — Your last was of Nov.
21 o.s. Spinola is to execute the decree against Aix. Our
deputies left for that place on Monday, and we hear from
Dusseldorp that Brandenburg and Neuburg will send theirs
as soon as ours go back. Of the good will of the former we are
assured, of the latter we doubt. A book has come out at
Cologne, said to be written by the latter's Vice-Chancellor, De
jure administrationis Palatinae, from which we see only too well
the ill will of our opponents. But is it not folly in these
people mouere nostri quaestionem status, qui tot celebres actus
peregit. Either Deux-Ponts is not administrator, or the
emperor is nothing. The report of Zuniga's marriage at
Aidenhain persists and causes us increasing suspicion.

Of the Erfui-t diet various things are murmured, some arguing
that it is in Saxony's favour, and to forestall the mediation
sought by Brandenburg from the kings of France and England.

The accident in your country affects the right party in
Christendom generally and renders the wound more bloody
and the loss more sensible. But we take consolation in seeing
that your wise king in no wise diminishes his regard for his
Highness, but redoubles it.

I^a Voyc left two days ago with answer that as his proposal
affects the public good and chiefly the members of the Union.
H.A. will communicate it to his allies, and that a full answer
shall be given in a month. Howe\cr our friend lias gone to
see his master at Anspach and then the prince of Anhalt, and
is to be back in three weeks.

l^ pp. French, xxxiv, 15.

[Pierre] Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 11. [London]. — Yours of Nov. 26 reached me
on the 5th. At the beginning of this week we paid our last
respects to the late prince. E^dl persons are pleased at his
death. The ceremony was magnificent. The king however
has remained at Royston where his Highness joined him 2 days
ago, and will be in the country till the week before the holidays.

|j9. French, xxi, 132,

Wt. 1216, Down, in— 28

434

The Lords of the Privy Council to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 12. Whitehall.— Will be glad to know if he has
further information of Richard Throckmorton, sent over by
the Lt. Governor of Flushing as a suspected person. He
confesses to have been relieved by the Jesuits in Brussels and
particularly by Hoskins, from whom he had 20s. for an ayuda
de casta and 15 or 16s. for charges at his inn in Brussels. He
gathered from the Jesuits that they did not give more for
want of recommendation from their correspondents here. He
therefore came over to obtain such recommendation and then
return. He is being kept under guard, till they hear from
Trumbull.

I p. Signed, H. Northampton, T. Suffolk, E. Worcester,
E. Zouch, E. Wotton, Jul. Caesar.

Misc. IV, 134.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 12. Vlushing. — Some few days after All Hallowes
here arrived out of England, and within a day passed hence
into your parts Tristram Horner a gentleman of Somerset. At
his landing he was brought unto me, with whom among other
passengers, I spoke unto. He told me he had some business
about Antwerp. Since which time, but within these three or
four days, hither came from him a servant of his with letters
as from divers others to be delivered in or about London ;
knowledge being given me hereof by some whom I set out to
treat such businesses. I caused this servant to be brought
unto me upon whom I found many letters, amongst which one
from captain John Blunt, which I opened (for of him and his
brother I must tell you I have no good opinion) and in that
letter I met with some matter which caused me to stay both
the servant and the rest of the letters, and do detain him and
them, till I may be fitted with a passage for England, when I
purpose to send him and his letters to the Lords of the Council.
From the voluntary confession of this servant, for I examined
him thereabouts, I find that his master Mr. Horner doth
altogether frequent the company of those two brothers, and
lodgeth with captain John Blunt, from which fellowship I am
afraid there can no great good come unto our state. Of this
I give you knowledge that for H.M.'s service you may take
good inspection of the conversation of Mr. Horner and observe
his ways and doings. His man told me that he was a man of
great living, and I enquired of his condition and place of abode,
and find that he is seated in an island called Flat Howmes
[Flatholm] not far from Bristowe, a place of so great strength
as whereof if an enemy were possessed, he might greatly trouble
our state ; more in these so dangerous times, this vermin of
papistry so swarming in our kingdom. I leave it to you to
consider how necessary it is for H.M. servants in these parts

435

to look carefully about us, and after the actions of these men
to cast our best sights by which to discover their practices.

I will set you down the substance of capt. Blunt's letter.
He writeth to a cousin of his own name in England that he hath
received of him a letter of late, full of compliments, which he
saith he might have well spared " for you know I am your true
friend to the end. You write that you will come over into these
parts, the which I will not have you to do there is no new nor
much good otherwise to be done yet. I wonder that you have
lived so long in England, and have not made some better fortune
for your self. If you will follow my counsel, you shall follow
hard Sir Edward Blunt. Be not slightly answered by him.
He saith that there is now none left but you. Ply yourself
unto him by all the means you can, but if you can do no good,
then come hither, but let that be your ultimum vale. Yet do
your best. Mr. Bret telleth me that the lady Mary NeviU
complaineth that you come not at her. If you come into these
parts, see that you procure letters of recommendation from
the ambassador ; the lady aforesaid and Sir Lewis Lookner
can do much with him." So he taketh his leave of him willing
him to commend him to all their friends.

If you can pick ought thereout, let me have your opinion,
or if you can make any use of it, you have it at your pleasure.
Here is even now landed here, who are coming unto your
parts, one Sir George Petre and one Sir Edward Eston, both
great Papists, and the last an inward friend to Mr. Toby
Matthews. You will have an eye on tliem and their con-
versations. I am sore afraid that it nearly approacheth some
danger. The wonderful trotting up and down, to and fro,
betwixt our country and your parts, and the infinite numbers
of papists who daily pass as well by this port as by these
others on the coast of Flanders and France ! The good God
awake us out of this lethargy, which hath almost wholly bereft
us of our understandings. I have a little eased (by pouring
out these my heart's complaints unto you) myself.

4 pp. Holograph, xxxix, 59.

[The Same to the Same ; a fragment].

[Endorsed of like date]. — One of the sons of Mons''- Barnevelt,
who was in England with the ct. Henry was by the king made
knight and had a mug of good value also*. It is said that he
hath given the king satisfaction from his father about Vorstius
and other matters. Touching the marriage with the Palatine,
nothing that is to come can be more certain than the king's
purpose, and may be, it will be performed sooner than is
imagined, which will be known upon the king's return from
Royston. You cannot be ignorant of the news lately come

* Apparently this refers to William van der Ryt of Brodchen, General of the
Horse of the United Provinces, knighted on 2 IDecember. Shaw ; Knights of
England, Vol. ii, page 152.

436

from Sweden, for I do not doubt that your archdukes are in
like manner specially combined in that business, that this next
year they expect an invasion in Finland by the k. of Poland
in which there will be 10,000 men paid by the pope. Let me
know what you luiderstand thereof.
^ p. XXXIX, 60.

1612, Dec. 12, o.s. From London. — This lamentable funeral
is this day passed, truly with much magnificence but with more
grief than any was these many hundred years. A sight full of
royal state, but full of calamity to the state. . . . His Highness'
liousehold remains as they did till the last of December ; then
it will be dissolved. It is thouglit that during the tender age
of prince Charles the queen will desire to have him li^'e with
her, at her table and diet. In the mean time two chaplains
to his Maj. are appointed to attend his Highness ho instil him
in the principles of religion professed by the church of England.
It shows a gracious care of the good and tranquillity of the
state. His Maj. is at Royston for 2 or 3 days; was not well of
a scouring but is recovered. The Prince Palatine is with him
but was at the funeral with most of his troops and followers.
He is dear to the king as one of his own children. Count Henry
went away yesterday. All admire his virtuous parts and civil
government. He bestowed 500L in gold of the king's servants
in Essex house, a reward so princely that his memory will be
ever honoured here. H.M. bestowed upon him a ring worth
lOOOL and gave him six fair horses witli rich furniture, that
were the late prince's, and all the prince's dogs.

At the k.'s return it is thought wc shall have principal secre-
taries and some say a Id. treasurer. Here is extreme elbowing
by great lords to bring in their friends to be secretaries ; yet it
is confidently believed tliat Sir Rafe Winwood shall be chosen.

Copy in Throckmorton's hand, l^ pp. xxxix, 58.

Sir Raphe Winwood to William Trumbull.

1612 [endorsement], Dec. 12. The Hague. — Last night 1 had
yours of 7th concerning the loan of 100,000Z. by her late Ma'y
to an)' of your Provinces. I do not remember that ever I have
heard of any such matter, and if there were any such debt,
you may believe it should not so long ha-\'e Iain asleep, but
would have been either in lier time demanded, or since required
by the ]<ing. These Provinces arc indebted a far greater sum,
for which we have contracts and obligations of rembursement,
and every year a small portion is paid to the sum of 40,000Z.
So dead are these times that I have not written this month to
England. I am weary of this idle employment, and so much
the sorrier for the decease of your holy friar,* who they say
would have set us a work by the overtures he had to propound,

* Priar Nayen, wlio died on 20 November.

437

if he had returned into these parts. The bruit is liere constant
and credibly' belicAed that he had a fig given him and that
before he was condemned by a formal sentence by the inquisi-
tion. We are nothing glad to hear of the rich return of the
West Indy fleet. No man here doubteth but that your marquis
would upon so good an occasion, as is specified in your letters,
hazard the rupture of the truce, but if he shall have the means
to surprise any of our f(jrts which are of importance the States
are much wronged b\' their ofRcers, for they spare no cost nor
charge either for the fortification or the ammunition to hold
them secured from any sudden attempt. Yet I think as long
as your archduke shall live amongst you, we shall live good
friends without open war. The d. of Neuberg, I mean the
prince his son, now sends a solemn embassy to England in a
time as you see unseasonable either for his Ma*y to give his
commissioners audience or for the despatch of his own affairs,
but antiquum obtinet this right, \vc expect the return of ct.
Henry.

2^ pp. Holograph. xi,vii, 65.

Lyonell Wake to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 23. Antwerp. — We have long expected the return
of your man Jermine which is the cause of my not writing to
you. Aynscomb will have told the receipt of his last letters
from Spain dated Nov. 29, under whose cover I had one from
Mr. Colford of like date saying that all differences are ended
between Mr. Cally and him, but writeth me particularly of
nothing, no not of that which nearly concerns me, as what
interest Callcy allows me for a debt of 400Z. 10s. made over to
give interest nor how the same shall be paid, so that I am kept
as blind as a beetle, but cannot help myself until the first pay-
ment be made, which I pray God follow according to our
expectation, and then, God willing, I will be a little more
respected and know the manner of their proceedings better
than 1 have done. The rest of his letter is wholly about the
differences between Caley and Rowlands, for the composing
whereof there is another procuration sent to Arthur, but his
instructions are such that I fear we shall not bring them to any
agreement, wherein no diligence on my part shall be wanting.

Remember your promise to come and make merry with us
this Christmas holiday.

1 p. Holograph, xlv, 43.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612, Dec. 24. Cologne. — I have been away, but have yours
of the 9th. The new magistracy at Aix were unable to accept
wholly the emperor's proposals, chiefly because the position
of the administrator was affected, the Palatinate commissioners,
the baron of Winenburg, Burgrave of Alzen and Dr. Pastorius

438

being expected. I hope all may go well, but the emperor's
commissioners talked of returning to Prague, on the principle
of possidere uti possident, not finding things as they were led
to expect by the Catholics who had importuned the emperor
for this commission in the hope of being restored. Poland has
never been in a more pitiable state, the king being out of his
kingdom with the prince and a few troops, the queen being
at Vilna in great anxiety ; the rebels have seized everything
belonging to the king who, on his return, will not have one
village, nor a sou of revenue. When he entered Cracow, two
chimneys of the Palace came down, and an Italian predicted
to him the loss of the two kingdoms. The town of Elbingen
in Prussia has been put under the ban for having refused to
give up the principal church to the papists, and now Thorn
is likewise threatened. These towns are closely connected
with Dantzig, where the elector was handsomely received,
with a Lithuanian prince Razim, also of the Religion.
3j[pp. French, viii, 146.

[Daniel Buwinckhausen] to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 24. [Stuttgard]. — You will know the proposal
of the emperor's commissioners at Aix — (1) that the existing
magistracy should not abuse their predecessors, especially
as H.M. has taken them into his protection, (2) not to molest
the Jesuits in their profession, (3) to disband their garrisons
and guards, including their menages ; to which they have only
answered that they can do nothing without the knowledge of
the Palatine administrator, whose decision they await, and
Heidelberg commissioners have gone there. Of Mulheim every
one is in doubt of what will happen, and it is much to be wished
that the Princes possedants were better agreed together, as it
would be much for the peace of these countries and of the public.
I look to you for news of England. Prince Louis Frederick,
elder brother of my master, nearly went himself to England
to condole, but we have sent an express courier by France, who
perhaps will bring us the promise of the marriage.

2 pp. French. Unsigned, xii, 14.

Gabriel Colford to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 15. Madrid. — Has received Trumbull's saluta-
tions by Mr. Sanford, and condolences on his mishap.
He hopes to be well by March. Our business goetli
exceeding slowly, and we doubt of success, although by the
ambassador's care 100,000 ducats were assigned us this flote
which now may be spent " before we shall our papers clear in
the offices, and all this by reason that Mr. Calley standeth so
long trifling before he compoundeth with those he is indebted
unto, which should have been done 6 months ago and the papers
presently presented that we might have had time before the

439

coming home of the flote to have cleared and remedied all these
difficulties which the official finds now with our papers which
now in so short time can hardly be redressed. Mr. Galley and
all his friends begin now to see the inconvenience of Mr. Galley
his not agreeing with Roelans in time, the want of which papers
I fear will turn him to more inconvenience than he is aware
of. I beseech you lend your helping hand once more for the
compounding of these matters. A new power is sent down
to Arthur Aynscombe about it, and I have written both to
S'^- Roelans and Mr. Wake about it. Please to let me know
what the one offereth and the other demandeth. I hope to
procure a full despatch of all from hence, for my lord amb"^- is
desirous that S'- Roelans should have convenient satisfaction
and Mr. Galley must have his papers — else he will hurt himself
much." Refers to the death of prince Henry — he was like to
have proved a worthy and brave prince.
1 p. Holograph. Misc. iv, 135.

Ande,:^ Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 15, [o.s.]. Heidelberg. — I avail myself of the
return to England of the gentleman who brought the news of
the death of the prince to thank you for yours of the 5th. Don
Balthasar de Zuniga arrived last Saturday with 70 horses, of
which 10 were for saddle and the rest for carriage, at Brusel,
a little town in the bishopric of Spire, for his marriage at
Aidenheim to-morrow.

For the Erfurt Assembly on Jan, 13 the commissioners
are the marquis Sigismond of Brandenburg, the two Landgraves
Maurice and Louis, and the count of Solmes, but so far
they have no instructions from the emperor. The imperial
council keeps issuing unusual commissions against the United
Princes, showing their ill will. They care nothing for the
advantage and quiet of their masters.

Before the Imperial diet there will be a meeting of the Union,
chiefly to enable them to meet the designs of our adversaries.

1^ pp. French. Seal, xxxiv, 16.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 17. Paris. — I have yours of 5th and 6th. One
of the chief points, namely the holding of provincial councils,
granted to Rochelle has been retracted, though granted in
writing by de Rouvray. The declaration is in the hands of the
Parlement to be verified so we shall shortly see the consequences
of this controversy. In the queen's cabinet the prince of
Tingry and the count of La Roche Guyon came to blows and
are in prison. She had purpose to make some knights of the
Holy Ghost this New Year, but there were so many claimants
that the ceremony is put off. D'Ancre is much displeased.

My lo. hath been exercised to hinder, as at Brussels, the
erection of an English nunnery here, for which the duchess

440

of Longucville's sisters* and others were labouring. Some
numbers of English gentlewomen were already gathered in
a house with them for that purpose, but his Ip. " hath gotten
that brood to be clean sent away out of this country."

I enclose an extract from a letter of Mr. De\'ick complaining
that you have forgotten him.

I have lately received a letter from Mr. Chandler written in
April last summoning Mr. Flood and myself to pay him 61.
wherein we are each bound unto him upon his return from
Jerusalem. Mr. Flood tells me we should be certified whether
Chandler was in person returned home, and whether he had
been in Jerusalem, and that we should ha\e our bills back
before we pay. Tell him I have only now had his letter.

[Fostscript]. — I send a letter from a Mr. Allen who claims to
have known you at Brussels. He gave a good account of your
son at Sedan, and that he is grown already a very good French-
man. T hear from England that you and Mr. Beecher are to
be Clerks of the Council.

3 pp. V, 50.

Extract from Devick's letter of 21 Nov., enclosed : Complains
of not having heard from Trumbull for many months.
I p. Id.

M. Dathenes to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 18. London. — The king returned from Thebols
very late yesterday and his Highness with him. He is expected
to remain over the holidays to receive the condolences of the
ambassadors. After that the fiancailles will take place on
the 27th.

There is no other news except that H.M. will be deciding
about the vacant offices.

|j9. French, xxi, 131.

A[ndre] Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 18-28. Aidenheim. — I came here yesterday to
see the preparations for the marriage. I have yours of 12th-
22nd with Blauer's for H.H. Don Balthasar arrived liere on
Monday evening. I am told that the bride will be at Spires
in two daj's. The preparations are on such a scale as to suggest
that they are a cover for something else. One of the chief
princes of the Union has written to my master that recruiting
goes on in Cologne and Munster, and we have the same news
from Strasburg and Hoehfelden, a place in Austrian jurisdiction
in Alsace. We foresee a storm and guess that it will burst
first on Baden on account of his action towards the children of
the late marquis Edward Fortunatus. Tua res agitur paries

* This proliahly refers to Catherine, Antoinette, Marguerite and Hleanor
Orleans, sisters-in-law of the widowed duchess, Catherine Gonzaga.

141

cum proximus urdet. The Erfurt assembly will be put oft'.
Wolfgang William will be there in person with 150 horse. The
best opinion is that it is a feint, and that tlic imperialists do not
want to settle differences, but to magnify them. The archdidce
Albert is coining money, the value to be a Reichstaler, and to
issue it at the Francfort fair, but we hear it is worth 7 ov 8 sous
less than the Reichstaler. Please send us one or two that we
may prevent its circulation here.
i\ jyp. French, xxxiv, 17.

Sir Dud lev Carleton to the Same.

1612, Dec. is. Venice. — [Printed in Winwood's Memorials,
Vol. iii, p. 417.]
3^ p'p. XV, 37.

to an Ambassador.

1612, Dec. 19. Constantinople. — A resolution of state taken
within the last 4 or 5 days occasions fear of intended war against
some part of Christendom. The (i. Signor in person goeth in
4 days to x\driiToplc with all his court, and all soldiers in pay
are to go there as soon as possible. He hath drawn out his
own treasure, which is done only in case of war in person, and
300 field pieces. It is pretended that he goes on pleasure as
sultan Soliman used to do, but so great preparation argues a
more consequent business than pleasure.

War is apprehended either with the emperor or the king of
Poland. Most guess for Poland, to disquiet Moscovia, which
now this state conceiveth doth import future danger to the
Ottoman Empire if these two kingdoms should unite. On
the other side the emperor's amb"^* ha\'ing had hitherto no
resolution, but rather absolute denial the chief part of
his message, which was about Transilvania, is summoned to
go with the Grand Sig'- to Adrinople, which giveth jealously
of the intendment towards Hungary, as also it is by others
discoursed that the purpose is to appropriate the entire juris-
diction of Transilvania, Moldavia and Wallachia, and to change
the manner of the government of those provinces by putting
only a Basha, having been hitherto governed by princes of their
own both nation and election, with approbation oiily of the
Grand Signor ; by reason whereof they have ever been factious
putting in and putting out, according to the natural instability
of those people with great disturbance of this state, and indeed
the occasion of wars with other adjoining princes, and so to
cut off all pretences and interposings of the king of Hungary
about Transilvania and k. of Poland about Moldavia, which
two provinces those two kings claim a hand in the placings
of the princes thereof, as of late was done by a Polish and

* Andreas Negroni, a Genoese, v. H.amnier ; OesrhicJdc ilen OsmaiiLicUen Heiclis,
Vol. ii, page 747.

442

at present is done by the emp^'^ ambassador ; and therefore
foreseeing that in the effecting thereof both these States will
be moved to oppose the same, it is conceived fit to have a great
army in readiness with the Grand Signor in person ever upon
the confines to daunt those princes, who l>y proffering to resist
the Turks' intention may see it dangerous to draw upon them
a present invasion by so huge an army ready in place to proceed
either upon the emperor or king of Poland at pleasure upon a
sudden. This business hath been so secretly carried and so
suddenly resolved and earnestly prosecuted that we can advise
only by conjecture. But by the effects of their daily proceedings
we shall have henceforth better notice. As occasion shall offer
your Ip. shall be advised.

2 pp. Copy. Unsigned, v, 51.

Edward Eustace to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 20. Antwerp. — After leaving Trumbull he came
here with a letter from Mr. Stanihurst to receive 40s. of a
printer, who owes him some money but said that he was not
bound to pay until the end of the next month 20/. of which
Stanihurst "is to give me 19/. I had perished if it were not
for my friends in Herintals which made me good cheer in an
inn near the town." Requests the loan of 40s.

1 p. Misc. IV, 136.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 22. A'lushing. — Compliments. When my kinsman
Throcl<morton took leave of me, he said he would go by Holland
to Germany and so to Denmark. I knew nothing of his
papistical intentions, or would have sent him back to England.

I return Beaulieu's letter, but you did not enclose Sir Dud.
Carleton's. Our States are daily occupied to establish the
fundamental parts of their Republic which chiefly consisteth
in their finances, wherein, by the augmentation of their quota,
I trust they will agree and after a year or two's contestation,
which being ended we shall see with what face they will govern
their commonwealth. " We are in expectance of what wares
your princes will bring next upon the market place, by which
we may grow into some new occupation with them, and we
begin to be afraid that they will do nothing less than give us
any business at all (other than by their windy instruments)
either against Mulheim or Aquisgrane, but a little more time
will make us more perfect of their courages."

S pp. Holograph, xxxix, 61.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TRUMBULL.

1613, Jan. 2. Cologne. — I have yours of Dec. 23. Your
archduke's malady suggests that he will not live long. Transil-
vania is in the enemy's hand. The emperor calls for aid against

443

the Turks, but non exauditur ah omnibus. The d. of Wirtemburg
has gone to meet the young duke of Brunswick, and may draw
him into the Union. The palatine of Neuburg had written
to the d. of Wirtemberg that he meant to be at Studgart witli
his wife on Dec. 29. But he has been told that the duke will
not be there, and it is uncertain whether lie will go there or to
Frankfort.

Enough that we shall soon have him here. He has also
written to his people at Dusseldorp that he wants a good place
in the chasteau. Messieurs de Brandenburg will probably have
told him that he must listen to the elector's resolution.

Last Sunday there was trouble at Aldenraedt, a village in
Berg, between the Neuburg people, who wanted to introduce
a Lutheran minister, and the villagers who were satisfied with
the Reformed one, placed there by the countess of Bentem,
who has the advowson. A squire of the Palatine's was killed
and two others wounded.

l%pp. French, ix, 1.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 24. Heidelberg. — Festivities at Aidenheim. The
bride, M"<^ de Petkem, arrived at 4 in the afternoon last Monday
and went straight to the church. The festivity after the
ceremony only lasted about 2 hours, D. Balthasar was in such
a hurry. There were no other princes or seigneurs of high
rank.

The commissioners are still undecided when to go to the
assembly of Erfordt. Things are going very ill at Frankfort.
The archbishop of Mayence has succeeded in introducing two
papists to the magistrat, as well as an echevin of the same
colour. The imperial commissioners have left Aix and are with
you. The Venetian ambassador in England assures them that
the king of Spain will not meddle in the affairs of Aix and
Juliers, being too much afraid of infringing the truce with the
States. All is quiet here in preparation for the imperial diet.

l^pp. French, xxxiv, 18.

The Earl of Northampton to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 25. — I had before this answered your letter
touching the archduke's dealings with our merchants if the
bulk of the king's affairs had [not] borne me down . . . his
Majesty charged me to examine all the grounds upon which
the archduke seems to build these shifting counsels of which
I suppose he will be the first to weary, for hard were the case
if this kingdom could not better forbear luxum than his subjects
can vestitum.

Some two months past I took some pain in searching treaties
of former times and found . . such uncertainties . . as made
me doubt of any ready course to come . . to a certain end

(.44

of that business . . . but no course shall be left unsought
that may stop the current of this bravery, ejicouraged, as I
believe, from Spain or else this archduke would not ha^'e been
so hasty to set his rest before all the cards had been drait
through. So soon as matters are ready for a council board
they will be brought to tlicir true touch . . and sent over
to your prosecution.

Sir Thomas Studder . . . was lately to have run hasard
of his fortune where he lives by the brutish folly of his man
sent over and the villain}- of a knave whom he met, if matters
had not been well managed. My desire was that he should
have made his address by you, and so have flown above the
pitch of that foul cormorant that finding weakness in this water
fowl hold it a fit time to prey on him. But henceforth I
perceive ... he means to take a safer course . . .

His M*y is in health. He hath only had a little pain in his
foot, which amends, and the marriage of my la. Eliz. grace is
now brought to Shrove Sunday, which will ease us both of a
great charge and a great company. The Palatine departs soon
after and I think about April the bride will follow.

1^ pp. Misc. IV, 137.

H. BiLDERBECK to WiLLIAM TrUMBULL.

1612-13, Jan. 4. Cologne. — I have yours of Dec. 26th from
Antwerp. The bishop of Spires is making great preparations
for Zimiga's marriage. We do not yet know that he has arrived
at Udenheim, the fairest house of the bishop. From Strasburg
we liear that at Hochfelden near Hagenau this spring a
place monsire* is to be held. They propose to have a house
moving ; not a good preparation for an imperial diet.

The Heidelberg commissioners have arrived in tempore at
Aix, those who are there for the emperor having declared that
they are come not only ad inquirendum sed etiam ad reformandum.
They will not get this reformation as cheaply as they think.
The States mean to occupy frontier towns such as Orsoy, which
will annoy Newborg more than Brandenburg.

The prince of Newborg has gone to his father in Germany,
and proposes to go on to Erfurt.

The imperial diet is to be at Ilatisbon a fortnight after Easter.
We hear that the Muscovites have completely defeated the
Poles. Savoy is levying in Piedmont, and may attack Geneva.

1| pp. French, viii, 101.

Isaac Allen to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 26. Paris. — Has received from Trumbull 20l.
by John Bedgings.
" I p. Misc. IV, 139.

* Monstre here probably witli the old meaning of muster.

445

M. Dathenes to tlie Same.

1612, Dec. 26. — We are without news of you aud attribute
it to the high winds and storms. His Highness was presented
with the order last Monday and on the same day his Majesty
declared that he Avould celebrate tlie nuptials on 14 Feb. next
and the ceremony of St. George eight days before. To-morrow
the betrothal will take place.

1 p. French, xxi, 169.

John Dickenson to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 26. Dusseldorp. — I have yours of 7th and 16th.
Our Palatine buildeth much on the emperor, but does not desire
the two kings and the States to be excluded. He seems satisfied
with the answers given to Ketler in France, England and
Holland touching the Saxon, and will be a suitor to them for
the ending of the different of the succession between Branden-
burg and himself. . . . Sii- Gr. Markham twice at Brugghe
a place not far hence, (I account not the first time, when he
had an unhappy fall) in the former of these times departed in
the night, which bred great suspicion here, but he acquainted me
with the cause of his going, showing the letter whereby he was
invited. I doubt not but our Palatine hath sent to the elector of
Coleine, with whom he seeketh to be in good terms and to make
use of the friendship of him and his brother the d. of Bavaria,
specially towards the emperor. He desires to make fair weather
... on all sides but without embarking himself with the bad
party for aught I can see but there may be some further mystery
. . . and things may so fall out that lie may enter into a
desperate humour. I will not therefore swear for him. He is
departed hence to Neuburg and will be at Erford at the
conference. To Aquisgrane he sent separately, as hath our
Council of Brandenburg, so that the Protestants there have a
salve for that sore. Ketler is at his house in the country and
will not come here, by reason of the misunderstanding between
Swartzenburg and him.

1 p. XXII, 61.

Walter Mynors to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 26. Rinesberk. — The bearer has paid me most
of the money contained in the letter which my brother Ralph
gave me to send to you. He said he would either leave 20
nobles in your hands or entreat you to disburse that sum to me.
God bestowed a son on me on Christmas eve.

I p. Misc. IV, 138.

Sir John Throckmorton to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 27. Vlushing. — Here now in this passage cometh
to you one Sir Wm. Ligon a Worcestershire knight. He hath

446

spent some time in these parts about the business of the late
Sir Thomas Harwell. I leave him to your good observation.
1 p. Holograph, xxxix, 62.

|De Villiers] Hotman to William Trumbull.

1613, Jan. 6. Diisseldorp. — I have yours of 17th and 22nd.
The Erfurt meeting will be put off on account of the absence
of the el. of Brandenburg. That of the Union is not yet fixed,
nor the Diet really certain. Ketler is hurrying after the elector
to Prussia in spite of weather and floods. Up to Dec. 19 our
Mulheim deputies had no answer from the emperor. The
matter may be left to the meeting at Ratisbon. If that at
Aix could also be put off, it would be better for these people
who are still threatened by the imperialists, and opposed by
Neuburg. Spinola's designs for next spring are talked of, and
Germany will suffer by them.

My last from the court was : We know that the king of G.B.
complains and blames your Princes Possessioners greatly for
this quarrel and augurs badly for it on his side. His ambassador
at Vienna will find full sympathy in their Majesties' ministers,
who only desire general peace.

I thank you for de Plessen's and D'Athenes' letters. I had
not heard from them since December.

1 p. French, xxvii, 106.

H. BiLDERBECK tO WiLLIAM TRUMBULL.

1612-13, .Jan. 7. Cologne. — All affairs of consequence in
Germany are referred to the diets of Hungary, Austria and the
empire. There is much talk of levies and a place monstre at
Hochfelden. I think this is only to intimidate.

The differences between Brandenburg and Neuburg are not
yet settled. This is the position at Frankfort. The elector
of Mayence, acting for the emperor called upon the citizens to
name 36 men for a choice of 18 to take part in the counsels.
The citizens named them, but not satisfied with these, he called
for other twelve, and then for ten more. The citizens then saw
his game.

The emperor's commissioners were to leave Aix to-day without
a settlement indeed things seem more troubled. They decided
to enter into communication with the deputies of the adminis-
trator and Brandenburg. There is much bitterness on the part
of the Papists. The Protestants on the contrary are for peace.
I hope that the Catholics are starting a game which we shall
finish. The archbishop of Cologne is here to salute the three
kings.

21 pp. French. Seal, viii, 103.

447

Sir Thomas Lake to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 30. Whitehall. — I was at Royston when I received
your letter concerning Mr. Mayn which there I dispatched, but
at our returning I found your man gone, so there is nobody to
call for it. It lies ready . . . and because his Ma'y is now
upon his return to Royston, I will leave it at my house. . . .

The matter of the cloth you writ so earnestly in is committed
to my lo. Privy Seal and some of the lords to look into, but
we find our merchants to make no great account of it, and that
they shall make them weary of that course and set it open again.

On Sunday the contract was made between the elector
Palatine and the lady Elizabeth.

Sir Thomas Cornwallis hath a son a page in that court, I know
not with whom. He prays me to convey a letter to you and to
request you that you will have an eye to him, and let his father
hear what you find of his behaviour.

1} pp. Holograph, xxvii, 192.

J. Beaulieu to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 31. Paris. — I committed an eclipse last week
by reason of my lord of Arundel's arrival on his way from Italy,
and I was commanded to show him the sights of the town. My
time hath been shortened by a letter to Mr. Hotman, which
you may read, and a French sermon and other distractions.
You will learn in that letter of the bold and extraordinary act
of the chevalier de Guise against the baron de Luz, lieutenant
governor of Burgundy, who is little lamented although the fact
is odious.* The packet for Mons"^- de Libigny is from the prince
Palatine's agent here. Lord Arundel stayed but 3 days, lodged
in my lord's house. He is grown exceedingly lean through his
disease. Sir Thomas Glover is returning home also from
Constantinople, having left Mr. Pindar in his place. I heard
from de la Grange, secretary to Conde, that he left you going
to Antwerp. I have yours of 12th.

1^ pp. v, 52.

Andre Paull to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 31. Heidelberg.— Your last of the 13th was
handed to me a week ago with the enclosures which I delivered
myself to the addressees. Madame the electress thanks you
for your trouble. They brought us the news of England,
that our young master was back at London, ha\dng gone
hunting with his Majesty giving him pleasure. We are now
waiting anxiously to hear about the funeral of the late prince
of Wales and if the betrothal of his Highness took place on

* Bdm^ de Malin, baron de Luz, killed in the rue St. Honors on 5 Jan. 1613 n.s.
by Prangois Alexajidre de Lorraine, chevalier de Guise, a younger brother of the
duke o£ Guise. The Guises claimed tliat it was a duel. Le Vnssor : Hisi. du Regne
de Lowis XIII. Vol. i, pp. 372-4.

448

the appointed day. We should have Uked this and the
nuptials to have taken place at tlie same time hnt that depends
npon his Majesty's wishes.

Since my last I hav'e practically no news. The emperor and
empress are taking their ease at \'ienna, diverting themselves
by hunting the boar and concerning themselves little with
public affairs, at which the estates at Bohemia and Austria
are very ill pleased and it may cause much trouble in the future.
They say that a general diet will be held in Hungary very soon,
to be followed by that of the empire about Easter. Practically
nothing more is said about the assembly of Erdfort. The
covuit of Sollern, who was recently at Aidenheim to confer with
Don Balthasar, and who is one of the principal commissioners,
said that he had as yet no instructions from the emperor and
that he knew nothing of the progress of that assembly which
shows clearly that it is not in good faith that they want the
princes interested to be in agreement, but all is trickery to
seek their advantage over us by dividing us more ajid more.
They send word from Cologne that the count Palatine is on
the way with 150 horse to visit his father and go on to Erfurdt.
I dare not write to yovi or trust to the pen the strange pro-
ceedings of this prince. We are assured on good authority
that he cherishes popery in his heart and will soon make it
manifest. That is why he has such great favour, credit and
assistance at the court of the emperor and the ecclesiastical electors.
At Berckheim in the country of Bergen there was a church of
ours which he has given to the Catholics.

Our deputies for Aix write us that all is going quite well.
The good citizens have been much confirmed and consoled
wliile the emperor's commissioners, on the contrary, have
become very subdued and are waiting to spread their sails,
saying that they only came to take information of all that was
passing in order to make a report to his Majesty. With regard
to the chief business they pretend that they never had any
commission or wish to attempt anything. Now they are
about to retrace their steps towards Pragvie and now the talk
is of the large sum, to wit 8,000 thalers, which they demand for
their expenses in coming, and as much for returning.

They report from France that everything is going extremely
ill. Those of the Religion are assembled in large numbers
at La Rochelle and are preparing to make a move. Some of
ours say that they are in the wrong and that they ought not to
proceed as they do by force but trvist to the queen's word.
We have not heard what they say in defence and if you have
fuller information I ask you to comnivmicate it.

I have just received yours of the 27th with the pieces of silver
and those for M. de Lin, and will communicate your news to
his Highness. M. de la Voye has not yet returned but is
expected at any moment.

3 pp. French ; the words in italics deciphered, xxxiv, 1,

44!)

Robert, Viscount Rochester to William Trumbull.

1612, Dec. 31. Whitehall. — In answer to your letter from
point to point. First for the pension to that Irish gentleman*
the king is content to grant it him during pleasure, that is
during life if his service deserve it, and after the first service
of mark his patent may be changed into that tenure, but afore
it is not fit, only bare expectations are projected. For his
pardon the king is contented, but knows not how it can be
under the great seal, without a public discovery of the person
therein named. But he may have it secretly under the signet,
acknowledging his services and reciting the reason why it was
not under the great seal. For breaking the whole Irish regiment,
it is impossible ; their conditions there are so good, and so
little to be promised at home. Besides they will do more harm
at home than where they are. Therefore never deal upon the
whole body, but find out some particular men amongst them
discontented out of the reason of their own fortunes, and work
upon such to discover the designs of the rest, and to use them
to dishearten the rest from any hope of ever recovering their
country or from expecting any better conditions if the Spaniard
held it, then as now it is. For Mancissedor it is true it were
well he were banished, but there is no likelihood, for the worse
instrument he is towards us, the better servant he is to the
Spaniard. For the matter of cloth and your cipher I will not
forget it. And for allowance for your private services, send a
note of the service itself and the charges, and I will procure it
to be allowed.

Holograph. Seal. Misc. xiv, 185.

H|uoTi] Perry to Lionel Wake at Brussels.

{Undated. ? 1612]. — Adrian Robell carried with him to
Bruxelles 12 j)l. velvets and I think did lie at that time on the
murr [? wall] at the Three Tuns or the Red Tom right over
against the Town House.

The town measurer will tell you how many pi. he measured.

1 hear the young and elder Laversons bought some of him
and some he sold for money. And with those bills and money
he bought certain jewels of one \hlanh^^ Vande Bembde a
jeweller dwelling in the Steen Straet.

I pray you to enquire how many pi. velvets he sold and to
whom and whether he did ' cut ' ofl' of one pi. to give one for
tan in another as Robell answered me when I told him of at
15 I hear was cut off one of the velvets.

I understand he sold these 8 pi. velvets viz. 7 black, 1 crimson
and that he should have bartered the whole 8 pi. which doth
amount unto about 500/. sterling which I do earnestly entreat
you to enquire.

* Pargus Dnnnel. See noto al pa^iP 427 nljovp.
Wt. 1216. Down. 111—29

J-oO

I pray enquire of Jan Piens or S' Cachopin for a rapier and
2 pistols left with Hans Piens.

If you understand of my matter there worth the writing I
pray you to let me hear from you.

Headed : A Rembrance for Mr. Wake.

On the dorse. — To get van Bembde to give a note of his hand
of the particulars of all the jewels and their prices which he
sold or bartered to A. Robell, and the particular bills and sums
which he had in resconter thereof, and afterwards to get it
done before notary if possible.

Headed : Mr. Chandler.

IjP^. Misc. IV, 145.

[? 1612]. — The four members of Flanders with the other
Estates owe about 100,000Z. ster. to the queen of England
and to certain merchants who furnished the money on her
credit.

3 lines. French. Misc. iv, 66.

William Trumbull to the Lords of the Council.

1612. — In answer to your 11. letters of the 12th of this month
I cannot say any more concerning Mr. Richard Throckmorton
than is therein expressed. At his being in these parts I was
informed by some men well affected to his Maj. and the state
that he was a dangerous person as well for the " habillityes "
of his body and disposition of his mind as for his frequentation
with the Jesuits, of whom he has received money to carry him
into England and means to defraj' his expence during his abode
in Brussels. Also that he was presently to repair hence into
his coxuitry by way of Flushing and so return hither again at
Christmas or shortly after. Knowing that the Jesuits' corrupt
practice is religion and that they do not part with rewards to
any but their creatures and such as are employed by them for
some wicked purpose, I supposed Throckmorton might have
some of their plots in hand and some letters about him which
might discover the truth. Thereupon I wrote to the lieutenant
governor of Flushing to apprehend him and to seize his papers,
considering that if any matter of practise were found about him,
the lieutenant shoidd send him prisoner to England or otherwise
treat him as reason should require. More than is above written
I have not to prefer against Throckmorton and refer him and
his cause to the censure of your 11. grave wisdom.

1 p. Min. II, 2.

Extract from the Edict of Pacification, at Brussels,
17 Feb., 1577.

[? 1612]. — Art. 18. Approving all obligations incurred by
the States with every one that has helped them, and especially
the queen of England.

451

Out of the Edict Perpetual, made 13 Sept., 1579.

Art. 23. As the Estates are bound to the queen of England
and the duke of Anjou for help, we will send a person of
quality to them to perform good offices and the old friendship
shall be continued.

Art. 19. Ratification of all obligatioiis incurred by the
Estates with all who have helped them, in conformity with
Art. 18 of the Edict Perpetual.

1 p. Copy. Misc. IV, 143.

List of the plate, gold, silver, grain, silk and other goods of
his Maj. and individuals brought by the galleons of the fleet
of terra firma in New Spain in the year 1612.*

l\pp. Spanish, v, 51a.

Questions for the new Diet.

What course to take on the questions in respect of which the
last diet of Ratisbon was dissolved, the renewal of the pact of
the religion ; multiplication of votes ; change in the revisions ;
suspension of the affairs of the monasteries, cession of bishoprics
and sees usurped by the Protestants, jurisdiction of the Imperial
Chamber.

As the Protestants will probably present their grievances in
the diet, the Catholics should do the same and present them
to the emperor for a final decision so that each side may be
sure in what concerns it.

To put down a good sum of money before the diet, and if
things drag on and this does not suffice, to try and make up what
is lacking.

Need to satisfy those who have paid in advance for the public
good.

How to set on foot the embassy to France, the person and
his instructions.

How to win some Catholic princes who have not yet entered
the Union and League.

How to notify this union to the present emperor, as it was
decided to notify it to the late one.

1 p. Spanish, xxii, 136.

Autopsy of the Physicians on Prince Henry.!

1612, Nov. 7. Signed by Mr. Marin (Mayerne), Henry Atkyns,
John Hamon, Richard Palmer, John Gilford, William Butler.

\ sheet. Endorsed: Certificate on Prince Henry's being
opened. Misc. iv, 106.

* There is a duplicate of this paper in S.P. Spain, Vol. xix, fol. 193.
t Printed in Birch : Life of Henry, Prinre of Wrdes, page 359.

452

Trumbull's Letter Book contains drafts of his despatches to
the king, the earl of Salisbury and Sir Thomas Lake, of the
following dates for the year 1612 : Jan. 9, 20 ; May 13 ; June
3, 8 ; July 1, 15, 22 ; Aug. 5, 13, 19 ; Sept. 3, 23 ; Oct. 29 ;
Nov. 12, 19 ; Dec. 30. The actual despatches are preserved at
the Public Record Office, in State Papers Flanders, Vol. x. The
despatch of Sept. 3, is there dated the J-th.

Min. I, 111, 112, 113, 118, 120, 123, 124, 125, 127, 130, 131,
132, 134, 136, 137. 138, 141.

-153

INDEX.

A.H., Father, the Jesuit, 272.
Aachen. See Aix la Chapelle.
Aarau, Arau [Aargau, SwitzcrlandJ,

266.
Abbas I, Shah of Pei-sia, the >Sophy :
Sherley on mission from, 101-2 ;
letter of, delivered to James,
148.
Abbot, George, bishop of London :
favours Sanford, 32.
appointment to Canterbury, 32-3,

44, 47, 56.
archbishop of Canterbury, 308,

330.
dispute with Coke, 84.
sworn of the Council, 99.
and Marbays, 267 ; examinations

of Paton before, 385, 407.
Sanquhar surrendere to, 297 ;

Dalston sent to, 331.
may further Turnbull's advance-
ment, 331.
wants king to get rid of priests,

341.
letters from, 257, 370, 387, 411.
letter to, 272.

, chaplain of, 307.

William, letter of, 179.
Abthorpe, Apthorp [oo. Northampton],

letter dated at, 346.
Aoclen, Achelen, M. van den, com-
missioner for archdukes to Aix
la Chapelle, 114.

, reviles French, 202.

Achmet I, Sultan of Turkey, Grand
Signor, 137, 359.

, makes truce with Persia,

193, 219.

, fanatic attacks, 363.

, preparing for war, 441-2.

A'court,— , 291.

Acuiia, Diego d', Spanish ambassador
in Savoy, helps duke to make
new levies, 113.
Administrator [of the Palatinate].
See John Casimir, duke of Deux
Ponts.
Admiral, lord high. See Howard,

Charles, earl of Nottingham.
Adrian, Hendrik, 410.

Adrianople, Adrinople [Turkish Em-
pire], 441.
Adriatic Sea, the Gulf, 287.
Aernhem. See Arnheim.
Aerschot, duke of. See Crov, Philip

de.
Aerssens, Artsens, Frangois van, lord
of Sommelsdijk, Dutch agent
in France, asks for du Moulin,
136.
Aertsen, Jacob, sentenced at Utrecht,

76.
Aeswijn, Reinhard van, sieur de Brakel,

Brackell, 35.
agents. See under Ambassadors.
Aidenheim. iSee Odenheim.
Aigues Mortes [Gard, France], 379,
395.

, governor of. See Rambure,

M. de.
Aiguillon, duo d'. See Lorraine, Henri

de.
Aix la Chapelle, Aachen, Aken, Aquis-
grane, Ayx [German Empire],
36, 45, 133, 193, 283.
letters dated at, 175, 180.
and the Princes Possessioners, 33,
46; and the Dutch, 119, 120,
173, 213, 223.
deputies of, 234^5, 241.
mayor of, 46.

troubles at, 105, 107-9, 114-6,

120-1, 125-6, 129, 130, 143,

171, 175, 180, 189, 193, 202,

212, 215, 345, 352, 446.

Otto of Hesse at, 129.

new magistracy for, 134 ; matters

at compounded, 199.
deputies of, at Cleves, 143 ;

ambassadors at, 149.
emperor's mandate against, 145,
188, 190, 202-3, 212, 223, 385 ;
threatened by fresh ban, 180 ;
ban confirmed, 257.
French mission to, 149, 150, 158-9,
167, 173, 188, 198; French
leave, 202-3.
archdukes' deputies at. 150 ; they
leave, 208 ; archdukes' attitude
to, 442.
and princes of the Union, 167, 418.
and the Jesuits, 170, 199.

Aix la Chapelle — contd..

efforts for, 216 ; threatened attack

on, 222, 240, 304, 322 ; alarmed

by demonstrations of Albert,

227, 234, 240.
French attitude to, 216-7 ; Dutch

forces to defend, 223.
appeal for help to, 223 ; Spain

and archdukes unlikely to break

truce for, 336 ; king of Spain

will not meddle with, 443.
relieved by Rudolph's death. 227,

231, 241.
France and, 233, 235.
and Neuberg, 253, 285, 445;

Possessioners warned about,

385.
profits by favour of Deuxponta,

258.
and the administrator, 265, 293,

295, 298, 322, 416.
Heidelberg commissioners and,

279, 285, 288-9, 425, 438, 444,

448.
election of new magistrat at, 279,

291.
commissioners of Marquis Ernest

at, 288.
interest in, at Frankfort, 292, 347

deputies of, at Frankfort, 316.
I'eferred to empress, 319 ; emperor

and, 342, 347, 377-8, 387, 389.

425.
Saxony's attitude to, 323.
expected attack by Spinola, 351

appeals for help, 418.
Cologne and, 352 ; Spinola against

existing government of, 382

he is to act against, 423.
war with Turk would affect, 367
imperial commissioners for, 389

396, 408, 415, 421, 425, 429

430, 443, 446, 448 ; their pro

posals, 438.
emperor's proposals for, 423, 438

deputies from Palatine for, 429.

430, 433.
adds fuel to disagreements, 430

oarmot accept emperor's pro-
posals, 437-8.
Alarache. See Larache.
Alardo, Colonel Giovanni, ambassador

of Savoy in France, 220.
Albergati, Antonio, bishop of Biseglia,

papal nuncio in Germany

(Cologne), secretary of, 376.
Albert, archduke of Austria, governor

of the Spanish Netherlands,

173, 178-9, 223, 242, 258, 314.
letter from, referred to, 322.
letter to, referred to, 314.

Albert, archduke of Austria — contd.
1611:

and Saxony, 7.

sends ambassador to England, 8.

and Lord Roos, 34 ; and Henrj'
Hunt, 59.

desires peace, 58 ; proposed pro-
teat of Dutch to, 138.

remonstrance of clergy to, against
religious freedom for English
merchants, 59.

sends Boisohot to Cambray, 60.

claim to certain rents, 76 ; can-
didate for king of the Romans,
95, 100, 151-2, 202, 208.

appeal of James to for Col. Boyd,
80, 105, 120, 209.

and William Seymour, 87-91, 97,
99, 105.

and Aix, 116, 119, 120, 143, 190,
203, 208, 212, 216, 223.

placart of, 122.

and cloth trade, 128, 153, 156.

Philip wants to remove from
Flanders, 151.

and Wurtemberg claim to Mont-
beliard, 167-8, 215, • 260, 274,
397.

Dutch complain of breach of
treaty by, 168.
1612:

and Germany, 215 ; receives con-
dolences on emperor's death,
229.

and Holker, 222.

goes to meet brothers, 234 ; and
Maximilian, 235.

as candidate for empire, 235, 241,
248. 262, 269, 289, 292, 294,
302-3, 312-3, 315.

and exclusion of English cloth,
236, 242, 259, 260, 279-81, 291,
301, 309, 347, 427-8, 443-4;
Trumbull has audience of, upon,
360-1.

and Aix, 227, 233, 288-9, 294, 408.

claims on Rudolph's estate, 229 ;
good understanding with
brothers, 231.

sends Col. Bethune prisoner to
Paris, 230.

and the cloth trade, 230, 360-1,
399, 400.

removal to Hungary considered,
232.

mission of Neyen to Pope for, 242.

wishes to be neutral, 253 ; peace-
able disposition, 281 ; unlikely
to take hostile action, 293 ;
suffering from gout, 259 ; un-
likely to live long, 442.

455

Albert, archduke of Austria — c'jntd.
raising money, 260 ; plan for

regulating coins of, 274 ; diffi-
culty in raising money, 383.
and Scottish seminary at Douay,

273 ; and the Jesuits, 282.
objects to Calderon, 274, 282.
proposes to force import of English

wool, 280 ; king's advantages

over, 281.
going to Marimont, 181 ; Spinola

goes to report to, 382.
sends Neukirk to Spain with

invention, 282 ; bills of

exchange of, for Colford, 401.
pact with Matthias, 288, 299;

orders prayers for success of

diet, 303.
Zuniga asks for services of de

Groote, 317.
and Saxony, 321.
emperor entrusts execution of

Mulheim mandate to, 336 ;

unlikely to break truce, 437.
ecclesiastical electors send to, 351 ;

promise to make king of the

Romans, 390.
complaint of English soldiers to,

360.
godfather to Tyrconnel's son, 361.
orders to restrain importation of

English cloth, 383, 403 ; means

to revive cloth trade in Flanders,

428.
and emperor Rudolph's inherit-
ance, 426 ; coining fresh money,

441.
, secretary to. iS'ee Pratz,

Philip.

. (See also archdukes.

Albery, Alberie. Albury, Thomas, 277,

296, 335, 356, 394.
letters from, 298-9, 331, 398, 411.
case of taken up by Council, 330,

332.

, daughter of, 394.

, wife of, 394.

Aldenraedt, duchy of Berg [Rhenish

Prussia, German Empire], 443.
Aleman, Matthew, author of Guzman

Alfarache (Picaro), 319.
Allen9on, Alenson [Ome, Prance],

145, 172.
Aleppo, Syria, 183, 247.
Alessandria [Prov. Alessandria, Italy],

135.
Alfonso, Pater, 428.
Algiers, Ai'giers, N. Africa, 318.
Ali Bassa, beglerbey of Greece, 137.
Alincourt, sieur de. See Neufville,

Charles de.

AUam, Mr., 340.
Allen, Isaac, 163, 179.

, letters from, 170, 220, 296,

444.

, , referred to, 440.

Alhnges, les Alinges, [Haute Savoie,
Prance], fort of, governor of,
368.
Alonso, Infant of Spain, 161.

birth of, 141, 156 ; death, 366.
Alost [Prov. E. Flanders, Belgium], 90.
Alsace, Elsace (France), 7, 43, 281, 397.
troops in, 5, 8, 15, 20, 31.
war in, 46 ; levies in, 202-3.
Leopold in, 182.

, Upper, 31.

Altheim, Althain, Althan, Count, 69.

, letter to, 6.

, asks pardon of king, offers

services, 73 ; ready to disband,
74 ; Leopold sends for, 74 ;
pardoned, 80.
Countess of, 68.
Aluxan, Matteo, 319.
ambassadors, agents, commissioners,
deputies, envoys, papal nuncios,
residents, secretaries :

Dutch at Dusseldorf, 10, 13.
pay of, 13, 16 ; release of priests

at mediation of, 327.
presents to, 19, 20, 34, ()7, 217,

365, 374, 380.
manner of endorsing letters, to,

28.
allowance to, 180.
payment of, 239.
names of:

Aix, to France. See Kuickhoven.

archdukes, in Flanders to Aix.

<See Acclen, M. van den ; Wer-

pen, M. de.

archdukes, to the Electors. See

Furstenberg, count of.
archdukes, to England. See
Boischot, Ferdinand ; Grote,
M. de.
archdukes, to France. See Boum-
onville, duke of; Henning,
count ; Pecquius, Peter,
archdukes, to the Hague. See
Coenvelt ; Crawel, Werner ;
Lemire ; Maas.
archdukes, to Spain. iSee Fursten-
berg, count of.
Brandenberg, to the archdukes
and Aix. See Heggy, Conrad
de ; Langenberg, Dr.
Brandenberg to Heidelberg. See
Pabst, Dr.

456

ambassadors, agents, etc. — contd.
names of — contd.

Brandenberg to Prague. See
Bellin, Christian ; Jagereyter,
Colonel.

Denmark, to I'Jngland. See
Carisius, Dr. Jonas.

Deuxponts to England. See
Hanau Munzenberg, Philip
Ludwig, count of.

Dutch, to Brussels. See Huygens,
Christian.

Dutch, at Cologne. See Bilder-
beck, Henry.

Dutch, to Denmark. See Bas ;
Hogerbeets ; Opdam, sieur de.

Dutch, to England. See, Caron,
Sir Noel.

Dutch, to France. See Aerssens,
Fran9ois ; Vandermyle, Cor-
nelius.

Dutch, at the Porte. See Haga,
Cornelius.

Dutch, in Spain. See Hodenberg,
Theodore.

English, at Brussels. See Trum-
bull, William.

English, to Denmark. See An-
struther, Robert.

English, in France. See

Edmondes, Sir Thomas ; Parry,
Sir Thomas ; Wotton, Edward,
lord.

English, to Germany. jS'ee Lesieur,
Sir Stephen.

English, at the Hagiie. 6'ee
Dickenson, ,lohn; Win wood.
Sir Raphe.

English, at the Porte. See Glover,
Sir Thomas ; Pindar, Sir Paul.

English, in Spain. See Comwallis,
Sir Edward ; Cottington, Fran-
cis ; Digby, Sir John ; Howard,
Charles, earl of Nottingham.

English, to Sweden. See Spencer,
James.

English, at Venice. See Carleton,
Sir Dudley ; Wotton, Sir Henry.

French, to Aix. See Selve, Lazare
de, seigneur du Brueil ; Vieu-
ville, marquis of.

French, at Brussels. See Preaux,
M. de.

French, at Dusseldorf. <See Hot-
man, John de Villiers.

French, in England. See Beau-
manoir, Jean de, sieur de Lavar-
din ; Spifame, Samuel, seigneur
des Bisseaux.

ambassadors, agents, etc. — contd.
names of — contd.

French, to the Grisons. See Pas-
chal, Charles.
French, at the Hague. See

Refuge, Eustache de ; Russy,

M. de.
French, to the Elector Palatine.

iSee Ste. Catherine, M. de.
French, at the Porte. See Har-

lay, Achille de, sieur de Sancy.
French, at Rome. See Caesar,

duke of Vendome ; Savari,

Frangois de, sieur de Breves.
French, in Savoy. See Barrault ;

Bullion, Claude ; Fouquet,

Guillaume, marquis de la

Varenne ; Giieffier, Emile.
French, in Spain. iSee Brulart,

Peter, marquis de Puizieux ;

Cochefilet, Andr6 de, baron de

Vaucelas ; Lorraine, Henri de,

duke of Mayenne.
French, to the Swiss. iS'ee Refuge,

Eustache de.
French, to the Princes of the

Union. See Ancel, Guillaume.
Geneva, to France. See Anjorr-

ant, Jacques.
Hungary (Matthias), to diet of

Rothenburg and to Branden-
burg. See Polheim.
Hungary (Matthias), to Wurtem-

berg and Heidelberg. See

Staremberg, baron,
imperial, to Aix. See Fursten-

berg, count of, jun. ; Pernglas ;

Rtidiger, Felix,
imperial, at Brussels. jS'ee Vis-

cher.
imperial, in France. See Ridolfi,

Alessandro.
imperial, to Elector Palatine. See

Fuchs, Colonel,
imperial, at Porte. See Negroni,

Andreas,
imperial, to Rothenburg diet. See

Geitekoflers, sieur de; Wester-

nach, sieur de.
imperial, to Saxony. See Gard-

terden, Henry de.
imperial, in Spain. See Ridolli,

Alessandro.
Archduke Leopold, to Spain. See

Mirabaldi, Antonio.
Liege, to Brussels. <See Wachten-

donc ; Warrow, M. de.
Lorraine, to Brussels. See Ori-

oourt, baron d'.
Mantua to England. >S'ee Rossi,

Carlo di.

457

ambassadors, agents, etc. — contd.
names of — contd,.

Mantua, to Venice. <S'ee Arco,

Conte d'.
Archduke Maximilian to Brussels.

See Valkenstein.
Neuburg, to Aix. See Marcel, Dr.
Elector Palatine, to Aix. See

Pastor, Di-. ; Winenburg, baron

of.
JOlector Palatine, to the emperor.

See Colli, Hippolitus de.
Elector Palatine to England. See

Schonberg, Col. Hans.
Elector Palatine, in France, 212,

447.
Elector Palatine, at the Hague.

See Schonberg, Col. Hans.
lOlector Palatine, to Princes

Possess! oners. See Plesson,

Wolrad von.
papal nuncio in Elanders. See

Bentivogho, (iuido.
papal nuncio in France. See

Ubaldini, Robert, bisho]) of

Montepulcian o .
papal nuncio in Germany

(Cologne). See Albergati, An-
tonio, bishop of Biseglia.
papal nuncio in Germany (Prague).

See yalvaggo, Giovanni Battista,

bishop of Luni Sarzana.
papal nuncio in Savoy. See

Costa, Francesco, bishop of

Savona.
papal nuncio in S|)ain. See

CarafFa, Decio, bishop of

Dam as.
papal nuncio at Venice. See

Gipsio, Berlinger. bishop of

Rimini.
Persian, in England, 271, 284.

See also Sherley, Sir Robert.
Persian, at the Hague. See Sher-
ley, Sir Robert.
Persian, in Spain, 247.
Polish, at the Porte. See Tar-

gowsky, Samuel.
Princes Possessioners, at Brussels.

See Cruper ; Lutzenrade.
Princes Possessioners, to France

and England. See Ketteler,

baron John ; Langenberg, Dr. ;

Stioke, Dr. ; Syberg.
Savoy, in England. See Ruffia,

Claude, count of Cartignano.
Savoy, in France. See Alardo,

Col. Giovanni ; Chabo, Fran-

9ois Amadeo ; Draconnier ;

Ruffia, Claudio, count of Car-
tignano.

ambassadors, agents, etc. — could.
names of — contd.

Savoy, to Spain. See Motte,

count de la ; Torre, count della.
Savoy, to Swiss. <See Villette,

Amedee, baron de.
Saxon, to Brussels. See Fuchs,

Dr.
Saxon, in France, 212, 220.
Spanish, at Brussels. See Car-
dona, Philip de, marquis of

Guadaleste.
Spanish, to Denmark. See Foyen,

M.
Spanish, in England. <S'ee Taxis,

Juan de, count of Villa Mediana;

Velasco, Alonso de ; Zuniga,

Pedi'o.
Spanish, in France. >See Cardenas,

Inigo de ; Figueroa, Louis

Suarez de, duke of Peria ;

Gomez, Ruy, de Silva, Mendoza

y la Cerda, duke of Pastrana ;

Maldonato.
Spanish, in Germany. <S'ee Zuniga,

Balthasar de.
Spanish, at Rome. See Castro,

Francesco di.
Spanish, in Savoy. See Acuua,

Diego d' ; Barbarana, Dr.
Spanish, at Venice. See Cueva,

Alonso de, marquis of Bedmar.
Swedish, in England. See Van-

dicke, Jacob.
Swedish, at the Hague. See

Schutsen, Jean ; Stornborch,

(Justavus Erichsen, baron

d'Orenstein ; Stralen, Olaus ;

Vandicke, Jacob.
Transylvanian, at Vienna, 141.
Turkish, in France, 107.
Tuscan, in England. See Cioli.
Tuscan, in Spain. See Elchi,

Count Orso d'.
Princes of the Union to Wesel.

See Buwinckhausen, Daniel.
Princes of the Union, to France.

*Sec PauU, Andre.
Venetian, in England. See Correr,

Marc Antonio ; Foscarini ;

Antonio.
Venetian, to Mantua. See Gritti,

Piero.
Venetian, at Rome. See Cavalli,

Marin.
Wurtemberg, to Brussels. See

Benson, Antoine ; Buwinck-
hausen, Daniel ; Zenger,

Christoffe.

458

amber cups, 217.

Aniberg [Bavaria, German Empire],

216.
Amersfoort, Amerfort [Prov. Utrecht,

Netherlands], 76-7, 97.
Amiens [Somme, France], 217.

governorship of, 93, 104, 110, 118.
governor of. See Preigny, M. de.
Amsterdam [Prov. N. Holland, Nether-
lands], 29, 30, 48, 77, 304, 346,
357-8.
news from, 390.
book published at, 29/i, 47-8.
proposed staple at, 47.
princesses of Conde at, 167 ;

Elector Palatine at, 377.
alderman of, 348.
burgomaster of. See Bas, Sieur.
Anoel, Ansel, Guillaume, French am-
bassador to the Princes of the
Union, 295, 312, 329, 351.
Ancre, marquis of. See Concini, Con-

oino.
Andalusia, Spain : 380.

Cottington to be consul in, 164.
Andelot, marquis d'. See. Cohgny,

Charles de.
Andrews, Lancelot, bishop of Ely,
remarks about primacy,
new book by, 64.
Angers [Maine et Loire, France],
Angouleme, France, 100.
Angus, Mr., 338.

Anhalt, princes of. See. Augustus ;
Christian, prince of Anhalt Bern-
berg ; John George of Anhalt ;
Louis of Anhalt ; Rodolph.
Anholt, baron, 20, 31, 39.
Anjorrant, Jacques, agent of Geneva
in France : 94, 124, 346.
warned by Villeroy of Savoy's
designs, 122.
Anjou, duke of. See Francis of Valois ;

Gaston, son of Henri IV.
Anna, wife of John Sigismund, elector
of Brandenburg, 46.
protests against admission of
Saxony, 70 ; welcomes Neuburg,
108, 115 ; gives him letters
against Saxon claim, 125, 126.
Anna, daughter of Archduke Fer-
dinand, of the Tyrol, princess
of Innsbruck ; marriage to
Matthias, 95, 109, 158-9, 194-5,
202 ; coronation of, 223.

, , jewels for, 152.

, , queen of Bohemia,

248, 291-2 ; at election of
emperor, 311.

, , the empress, 372, 448 ;

affair of Aix referred to, 319.

32:

107

Anna Catherina («ee Gonzaga), widow
of Archduke Ferdinand of the
Tyrol, 194, 219.
Anne, queen of James I, 416, 419.

at prince's masque, ] , 2 ; out-
biirst against Rochester and
Overbury, 83, 85, 98; dis-
pleasure not much mitigated,
138 ; agrees to his return, 180.

count of East Friesland appeals
to, 30.

movements of, 106, 138. 140, 164,
221, 276, 398.

receives Boischot, 160 ; enter-
tains Zuniga, 331.

pleads for pirate, 170 ; and deal-
ings with priests, 341.

joins with prince to make a
masque, 181.

present of duke of Savoy to, 217.

does not favour Florentine match,
276 ; Zuniga has free access to
Court of, 344.

receives Bouillon, 284, 286 ; re-
ceives Palatine, 391.

in mourning for queen of Den-
mark, 286.

Charles dines with, on birthday.
414 ; may want him to live
with her, 436.
Anne of Austria, fourth wife of PhOip
II of Spain, claims to empire
tlirough, 376.
Anne, daughter of Philip III, the
Infanta :

marriage to Louis XIII, 113, 128,
139, 150-1, 205, 214. See also
under marriages.

Digby to propose marriage to
Prince Henry, 128, 164-5, 205 ;
expostulation about, 171 ;
marriage suggested, 251, 263.

styled queen of France, 232, 334 ;
to renounce all claims, 312 ;
difficulties over, 328.
Anne Catherine, queen of Denmark,

286-7.
Annevault. See Hannewald.
Ansbach, Anspach [Bavaria, German
Empire], marquisate of, 13,
430, 433.

, meeting, 378.

, margrave, marquis of. See

Frederick ; Joachim Ernest.
Ansel. See Ancel.

Anstruther, Studder, Robert, English
envoy to Denmark, 228, 310, 346.
Antichrist, book of, 46.

overthrow of, 48.

459

Antwerp [Belgiuml : 122, 149, 177-8,
193, 224, 260, 275, 296, 307,
322, 335, 407, 413, 416, 422,
434, 444, 447.

sack of, 4.

letters dated at, 10, 49, 57, 61,
122-3, 149, 153, 161-3, 169,
178-9, 191, 195, 200, 203, 219,
224, 228, 240, 243, 255, 269,
288-92, 299, 302, 307, 324,
327, 339, 340, 354, 356, 365,
371. 373, 390, 393, 401, 406,
408, 410, 417-8, 423-4, 429,
431, 437, 442.

mail, 289.

proposed staple at, 47, 59, 230,
281 ; English company pre-
paring to abandon, 399.

claim to land in, 118.

English merchants at, 131 ;
English traders to, 360-1 : cloth
trade at, 383, 399, 403, 426.

Jesuits at, 304.

money sent from Spain to, 317.

Lesieur at, 390 ; Isaac Wake at,
401.

pensionary of, 97. <See also
Dewarty.

Bourse, 407.

Mint, graver at, 10.

Red Hart at, 122.

liver of. See Schelde.

staple cloth at, 269.

treaty of, 59.
Anzeatic. See Hanse Towns.
Aosta, bishop of. See Martini, Ludo-

vico.
Ap Gronowe. See Lewis, Thomas.
Apthorp. See Abthorpe.
Aquisgrane. See Aix la Chapelle.
Aragon, Spain, desire for king to live

in, 214.
Arambure. See Rambure.
Aranjuez [Prov. Madrid, Spain], 96,

284.
Arau. See Aarau.

Arbella, lady. See Stuart, Arabella.
Archdukes, rulers of Spanish Nether-
lands, those of Brabant, 113,
268, 271, 326.

letters to, referred to, 314.

grant investiture of Ravenstein
to Saxony, 3, 4, 7 ; grant
investiture to Brandenberg and
Neuberg, 72.

ambassador of, to England, 16 ;
offended by RuiBa, 62.

thanked for favours to Cranbome,
51, 63 ; courtesies to Roden-
burg, 67.

Archdukes — contd.

and the Cleves succession, 58 ;

to confirm Passau agreement,

76.
and Kast Friesland. 58.
and revival of cloth trade 62-3 ;

and exclusion of English cloth,

128, 370, 403, 425-6.
go to Marimont, 63.
protest of Col. Boyd to, 120 ;

letter in favour of Boyd, 121.
and Aix, 120-1, 125-6, 143, 188-9,

216, 234, 425.
contribution to seminaries, 127.
unfriendly acts in dominions of,

127.
and prince of Hesse, 130 ;

solemnise funeral of queen of

Spain, 189.
and Wurtemberg's claim to Mont-

beliard, 160, 237, 337.
Dutch representations to, about

breach of truce, 189.
deputies of, expected at the Hague,

197 ; and Saxony, 215.
curiosity about preparations of,

202 ; other preoccupations, 234 ;

stand on guard, 242.
invention submitted to, 223.
treat with Orange for salins of

Burgundy, 238, 242.
efforts to replenish coffers, 243 ;

new coinage of, 305.
affected by death of elector of

Cologne, 250 ; thanked for

condolences, 261 ; indifferent

about Cologne, 294.
and Montbehard, 264, 274.
intrigues of, 269 ; mission to

electors, 273.
retiring to Marimont for summer,

274 ; back at Brussels, 425.
Ridberg appeals to, for protection

274 ; support supplied, id.
Bucquoi visits, 303 ; Mantuan

ambassador visits, 305.
sending present to James, 305.
send congratulations to einperor,

317 ; and elector of Mainz,

327.
unlikely to break truce for Aix or

Mulheim, 336.
efforts to corrupt subjects of

States, Juliers and Cleves,

382 ; secret understanding with

Spinola's son, 424.
eff'w'ts to get contributions

unsuccessful, 383.
ambassador of aff^ronted in France,

383, 392.

400

Archdukes — conhl.

and Finland, 436.

. See also Albert ; Isabella

Clara Eugenia.
, secretary to. See Fleck-
hammer ; Manoididor.
, treasurer genera] of. See

Kobiano, Balthazar.
A rchdukes of Austria :

to confirm settlement between

emperor and Matthias, 209.
. See Albert ; Charles,

Margrave of Burgau ; Charles,

of Munsterberg ; Ferdinand ;

Leopold ; Maximilian.
Arco, Conte d', envoy of Mantua to

Venice, 263.
Aremberg, count and prince of. See

Ligne, Charles de.
Argiers. <See Algiers.
Armeu. See Arnemuiden.
Arminians, 342.
Arminius, Jacob, 148, 180, 205.

disputes on opinions of, 48 ;

Vorstius appointed to succeed,

139.
Arnemuiden, Armeu |Prov. Zceland,

Netherlands], 335.
Arnheim, Aernhem, Arnham [Prov.

Gelderland, Netherlands], 86,

275, 375.
Arosteguy, Arostiqui, Antonio de,

Spanish secretary of state, 123,

246, 380-1.
arras. See tapestry.
Artois, Arthois :

proposal to revivi^ cloth trade in,

63, 230.
contributions from, 2()0 ; levies

in, 428.
estates of, 230.
Artsens. See Aerssens.
Arundel, countess of. See Howard,

Alathea.
, earl of. See Howard,

Thomas.
Arundel, Thomas, lord, letter of, 340.
Aschaffenburg [Bavaria, German Em-
pire], 235.
Aschhausen, Johan Gottfried von,

bishop of Bamberg, 5.
emperor sends to diet, 164.
Ashton, Sir Roger, 306.
Atkyns, Henry, physician of Prince

Henry, 451.
Attorney General. See Hobart, Sir

Hemy.
Aubespine, Charles de 1', marquis de

Chateauneuf : in commission of

Finances, 216 ; objects to

Dolet, 220.

Aubigny, sieur d'. See Stuart, Esme.
Audiencer, the. See Verreyken, Louis.
Audley End, co. Essex, 414.
Augsburg [Bavaria, German Empire],

news from, 22.
Augustus, prince of Anhalt, 265.
Augustus, prince of Neuburg, the

Palatine's brother, 54.
Augustus, of Saxony, marriage of,

204-5.
Aumale, duke of. See Lorraine,

Charles de.
Auniont, Antoine, M. d'. 216.
Austria, 8, 36, 51, 209, 446.

troops levied in, 13 ; Passau
troops in, 15 ; damage done by,
78.
sending help to Prague, 29.
Matthias summons nobility of,

112 ; emperor going to, 408.
grants money to emperor and

Archduke Maximilian, 389.
archdukes of. See Albert ;
Charles, margrave of Burgau ;
Charles of Munsterberg ; Fer-
dinand ; Leopold ; Maximilian,
estates of, 28-9, 31, 254, 259, 340,

448.
troops of, 40, 74.
Austria, House of, 41, 184, 336, 382,
425.
and Saxony, 7, 37, 324.
succession to this empire, 95, 269 ;
supports Matthias as king of
the Romans, 190 ; hold over
Germany, 230.
Avet, Procureur, 396.
Ayala, M. d', commissioner of finances,

425.
Aynscombe, Arthur, 313, 371, 409,
437, 439.
letters from, 179, 292-3, 299, 307,
415.
Ayx. See Aix la Chapelle.
Azvedo, Pedro Henriquez de, count of
Fuentes, governor of Milan,
14.

B.

Baden [German Empire], 129, 367.
meeting of Cantons at, 36, 39, 109;
alliance with Zurich and Berne,
367.
ambassadors of Savoy leave, 109.

, marquis of. iSee Edward

Fortunatus ; George Frederick.
Badoer, Anzolo, treason of, 287.

mj

Bagshaw, Dr. Christopher, secular

priest, 304.
baizes, 418.
Baker, Mr., secretary to Archbishop

Abbott, 331.
Balagny, Sieur de. See Monluc,

Damian de.
Balbi, Nioolo, merchant, 186.
Baldwin, WiUiam, S.J., examination of,

16, 19 ; imprisoned, 21 ; release

expected, 59 ; at Brussels, 258,

272.
Ballam, Balam, Henry, Harry, a

messenger, 90, 165, 169, 170,

178, 276, 278.
payment to, 218.
ballet, for Pastrana, abandoned, 341.
Balthazar, Balsar, Baltazar, Mr., 170,

298, 307, 328.
. See alxo Zuniga, Balthazar

de.
Baltic Sea, 77.
Balzac, Henriette de, marquise de

Verneuil, 11-2, 34.
Balzar, M. See Deurne, Baltazar van.
Bamberg, bishop of. See Aschhausen,

Johan Gottfried von.
Baramuthes. See Bermudas.
Barbarana, Dr., Spanish agent in

Savoy, affair with la Grange,

156-7, 163 ; and Nemours

marriage, 176, 186.
Barbary, N. Africa, 49, 107, 196.
Savoy may attack, 76, 94.
Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 400.
Barclay, Barklay, William, his book

" De Potestate Papae," 7, 26.
Barefoot, Bareford, Mr., 214, 225, 400.
Barker, — , 414.
Bamolas. See Pernglas.
Barneveldt, Elias, pensionary of

Rotterdam, death of, 330, 335,

342-3.
, John van Olden, grand

pensionary and Advocate of

Holland, 49, 335, 342, 348, 359.
ill, 4, 21, 30, 70; mending, 81,

97, 101.
attends States of Holland, 70 ;

goes to Araersfoort, 76-7.
letter of, referred to, 167-8.
attitude about Vorstius, 174, 277 ;

ascendancy of, 325 ; gives James

satisfaction about Vorstius, 435.
and Spanish peace proposals, 294.

318.
works for repartition of troops,

346.
advocate in prison for treating

with, 348.
son of knighted by James, 435.

baronets :

creation of, 64, 82, 85, 99, 106.
precedence of, 266, 271.
baronies, expected sale of, 82.
barons, point of precedence, 266, 271.
Barrajas, Spain, 334.
Barrault, M. de, French ambassador
in Savoy, 15, 19, 23, 53, 114.

, M. de, mayor of Bordeaux,

333, 341, 345.
Barre, Robert de, 85.
Bartaul, M., 218.
Barvitio, — , 97.

Bas, Sieur, burgomaster of Amsterdam,
Dutch ambassador to Denmark,
101.
Basadonna, Basadono, — , a bastard

of, 14.
Basle, Basel, Switzerland, 4.
news from, 33, 86.
sends help for Berne and Geneva,
29.
Basse, Mr., 161.
Bassompierre, Fran9ois seigneur de,

256.
Bath, 00. Somerset, 305, 306.

Salisbury goes to, 283, 285-6, 290
Bathori, Batory, Battori, Gabriel,
prince of Transylvania : 133,
172, 204.
Polish complaint against, 137

forces moving against, 141.
victory over Prince Sherban, 137
Tartars to help, 145 ; and the
Turk, 182.
defeats Matthias' troops, 158-9

success of, 182, 202.
Matthias treats with, 238.
intrigues of, 254.
Bathuret, Mr., 244, 321.
Bavaria [German Empire], 397.
disputes with Salzburg, 144.
increasing power of, 241 ; talk of

levies in, 254, 279.
dukes of, 61.

. See also Maximilian ;

William V.
princess of. See Magdalen,
daughter of William V.
Bax, governor of, 308.
Baxen, M., 230.
Bayly, Mr., 424.

Bayonne (Basses Pyrenees, Prance):
102, 122.
— — , governor of, .321.
Bazan, Alvaro de, second marquis of

Santa Cruz, 318.
Beam, France : Spanish encroachment
on, 417.

462

Beaulieu, Boulue, Jean, 3, 5, 11, 36,
71, 121, 129, 142-3, 161, 180,
193, 208, 227, 265, 322, 324,
415-6, 421.

, lettei-s from, 2, 7, 8, 12, 15,

19, 23, 25, 29, 33, 35, 44, 46, 52,
58, 60, 64, 68, 72, 77, 79, 82, 86,
92, 94, 99, 104, 107, 110, 113,
115, 117, 121, 124, 130, 133,
136, 139, 145, 149, 175, 181,
187, 192, 198, 205-6, 211, 216,
220, 222, 224. 228, 233, 236,
243, 250, 253, 256, 259, 266,
270, 275, 277, 284, 288-9, 291,
295, 302, 309, 312, 320. 322,
328, 333, 337, 340, 345, 349,
352, 355, 357, 364, 368, 373,
376, 386, 388, 394, 405, 410,
416, 429, 432, 439, 447.

, , referred to, 234, 289,

366, 442.

, leaving Edmondes, 214.

, iU, 309.

Beaumanoir, Jean de, Sieur de Lavar-
din, Laverdin, French ambassa-
dor to England, marshal of
France, 8, 9, 13, 20, 25, 34.

Beaumont, lordship of, 346.

Beauvais, bishop of. See Potier, Rene.

Bedgings, John, 444.

Bedmar, marquis of. See Cueva,
Alonso de.

Beecher, William, 24, 259, 266, 322.
to be clerk of the Council, 440.

beer, 13.

Beeston, Sir George, 140.
, Sir Hugh, 140.

Belin, Bellin, castle of, 230, 238.

bell metal, 377.

Bellarmine, Robert, Cardinal ; 60.

his book '' De Potestate Summi
Pontificis," 7, 9, 12, 15, 69, 118.
book against Barclay, 26.

Bellegarde, Caesar Augustus de, baron
of Termes, 350.

, due de. See St. Lary, Roger

de.

Bellin, Christian de, deputy of Bran-
denburg to Prague, 386.

Bellievre, Bellieures, M. de, prooureur
general, 216.

Beltinge, Belting, Beltringe, co. Kent,
394, 410.

Beneschau, Benaky [Bohemia, Czecho
Slovakia], 11.

Bennet, Sir John, 392.
son of, 392.

Bennet, Nicholas, letters of, 404, 410,

Benson, Antoine, governor of Besan-
(jon, envoy of Wirtemberg to
the Archdukes, 215.
Bentem, countess of, 443.
Bentivoglio, Guido, papal nuncio in

Jlanders, 316. 348.
Beraun [Bohemia. Czechoslovakia],

38.
Bercka, count of, wife of, 68.
Berckheim, in Berg [Rhenish Prussia,

German Empire], 448.
Berckheim, — , 430.

Berg [Rhenish Prussia, German Em-
pire], duchy of, contributions
to pay off troops, 66 ; dispute
with Neuburg over, 389.
troubles in, 443.
Estates of, 3, 22, 71-2.

, articles proposed to, 16-7.

Bergamo [Prov. Bergamo, Italy], 362.
Bergen op Zoom [Prov. N. Brabant,

Netherlands], 71.
Berlin [Brandenburg, German Empire],
5, 7, 10, 66, 99, 105, 211.
news from, 14.
negotiations at, 13-15.
Neuburg goes to, 101, 106, 115.
Bermudas, Baramuthes, islands, 85.
Berne, Bearne, Switzerland :
news from, 29.

Savoy's designs against, 4, 26,
33.' 36, 53 ; Savoy and, 109,
126, 149.
measures of defence, 29 ; troops

disbanded, 86.
and pays de Vaud, 109, 113, 129.
traitor executed at, 336, 352.
alliance with Baden, 367.
Berrie, Mr., 431.

Berruyer, Mons., 3, 6, 29, 33, 36, 47,
52, 71, 78-9, 99, 139, 145, 150,
181, 341, 346, 349, 355, 386,
429.
suspicion of, 193 ; dishked speech
of Edmondes about Aix, 345.

, brother of, 99.

Berry, Mr., 298.

Bertie, Robert, lord Willoughby of
Eresby, to take force to
Denmark, 249.
Bertissiere, sieur de. See Leques, M.

de.
Besan9on [Doubs, France], governor

of. See Benson, Antoine.
Bethune, Maximilien de, due de Sully :
15, 64, 79, 175.
resignation of, 9, 11, 12 ; disgrace
of, 19 ; leaves Paris, 23 ; goes
to Poitou, 100.

1.03

Bethune, Maximilien de — contd.

and Conde, 25 ; Bouillon jealous

of, 69 ; yields place to Bouillon,

86.

letter to queen, 50 ; asks to

attend Huguenot assembly, 69 ;

speech to assembly, 82, 108.

representation of general assembly

to, 82 ; appeal to assembly, 92.

queen dislikes behaviour at

assembly, 100.
Soissons acts to prejudice of, 136.
wife of, duchess of Sully, 212.
Bethune, Maximilien de, jun., marquis
of Rosny, grand master of the
ordnance, 136, 212.
Bethune, Philip de, baron de Selles,

79.
Bethune, M. de, colonel, 230.
Beziers, bishop of. See Bonzi, John

IV de.
Bilbao [Vizoaya, Spain], 366.
Bilderbeck, Henry, Dutch agent at
Cologne, Sylvester Pistorius :
112, 418.
letters from, 4, 8, 12, 19, 24, 26,
28, 32, 35, 39, 51, 56, 61, 70,
75, 78, 80, 86, 94, 97, 102, 106,
109, 114-5, 120, 122, 125. 129,
134, 142, 148, 158, 164, 167,
171, 181, 188, 193, 197, 202,
204, 211, 216, 223, 227, 233,
235, 241, 247, 259, 264, 206,
269, 275. 289. 291, 295, 298,
302, 312, 313, 316, 319, 322,
327, 331. 336, 340-1, 343, 347.
351, 354-5, 364, 367, 373, 376,
378, 381, 385, 389, 392, 407,
415, 423, 437, 442, 444, 446.
ill, 259, 302.
Bilson, Thomas, bishop of Winchester,
and archbishopric of Canter-
bury, 28, 32.
Binche [Prov. Hainault, Belgium], 303.
Bindon, Viscount. See Howard,

Thomas.
Bingley, Mr., 64, 99, 147, 239, 279.
birds of Paradise, 30.

, small, licence to shoot, 195.

Biscay, Spain, troops from, 237.
Biseglia, bishop of. See Albergati,

Antonio.
Bishop, Dr. William, secular priest,

304.
Bisseaux, seigneur des. See Spifame,

Samuel.
Blankes, William, 416.
letters from, 258, 372.
• , , wife of, 258.

Blauer, — , 440.

Blois [Loir et Cher, France], 72, 220.
Blount, Blunt, Charles, earl of Devon,
139.

, Sir Edward, 435.

, Captain John, 434—5.

, , letter of, 41 7.

boar hunting, 418, 448.

boar pies, present of, 170-1, 174, 218,

240.
Bodley, lady, 99.
Boesse, M. de, 46, .54, 149, 172.
Bogdan, Stephen. See Radolo.
Bohemia [Czechoslovakia], 17, 24,
46, 57, 202, 211.
Passau troops in, 15, 60 ; damage

done by, 78.
Matthias and, 26, 70-1, 74, 76,
81 ; succession of Matthias to,
208.
Union ready to help, 54.
talk of emperor's restoration in,
86 ; vast designs against, 241 .
Spinola going to, 381.
chancellor of. See Lobkowitz,

Zdenko Poppl von.
Estates of, 17, 24, 28, 32, 37-42,
51-2, 55-7, 61, 68, 70-1, 73-5,
81, 95, 114, 134, 144, 145, 148,
259, 393, 408, 448.

grant to Matthias. 152, 160.
directors of, 141.
forces of, 32, 42, 65, 70, 112.
king of, 241. 310. See also

Matthias.
Landrath of, 143.
nobility of, 18 ; a baron of, in

Palatine's train, 371.
queen of. See Anna, daughter of
Archduke Ferdinand.
Bohemians :

arming, 17, 22 ; and the Passau

troops, 36, 40.
and Matthias, 20, 37, 40, 73-5,

98.
capture Lesieur and Teynagel,

36.
and the emperor 36, 55-7, 61, 75,
95, 102, 107, 148 ; opportunity
for, by emperor's death, 230 ;
would like to have Rudolph
back, 396.
Bold, Boit. See Boyd.
Boile, James, English soldier, 359.
Bois, Abbe de, 211.
Bois le Due, BoUeduc [N. Brabant,
Netherlands], 428.

464

Boischot, Boyschot, Ferdinand de,
auditor general of the army,
ambassador of the archdukes to
England, 8. 31, 47, 51, 63, 77,
290, 315, 339.

Edmondes' opinion of, 12 ; criti-
cism of, 21.

sent to Cambray, 60 ; Trumbull
sees about Seymour, 90.

men and goods held up at Flush-
ing, 140.

arrives in England, 146 ; has
audience, 148, 166.

Thorys gets letters from, 155 ;
Norton interpreter for, J 92.

not very welcome, 1 68 ; avoided
Salisbury, 187 ; noblv enter-
tained, 192.

and case of Thomas Alberie, 330,
332.
Boischot, Madame de, 181.

, son of, 181.

Boissise, Seigneur de. See Thumery,

Jean de.
Bollock, Mr., 154, 338.
Boim [Rhenish Prussia, German Em-
pire], 143.
Bonne, Francois de, duke of Lesdi-
guieres, Desdiguieres, constable
of France, 23, 205, 212, 220,
368, 394.

and duke of Savoy, 151, 153, 157,
175-6, 181.

attitude to marriages, 198 ; ad-
mission as duke and peer of
France, 329.

and the Huguenot deputies, 338,
345, 351.

and the queen, 353.

movements of, 355.
Bonnyrag, a pursuivant, 181.
Bonoeil, sieur de. See Thou, Rene de.
Bonpar, of Dauphine, 368.
Bonzi, John IV de, bishop of Beziers,
the queen's almoner, red hat
for, 177.
books, 47, 55, 64, 85, 129, 109, 170,
249. 272. 285.

cost of, 29, 30.

of Digby's party, seized by In-
quisition, 111.

of Dumoulin against CoefFeteau,
115.

against Calvin, 113 ; against
Casaubon, 370.

seditious, countenanced in arch-
dukes' dominions, 127.

seized in England, 192.

forbidden at Hague out of respect
for James, 305.

books — contd.

of policy and government, sent by

Trumbull to Prince Henry, 349.
of charms, 386.
new, for Trumbull, 394, 412.
titles of:

Ad Epistolam Card. Perronii

Responsio, by Casaubon, 211.
Ad Frontonem Duoaeus Epistola,

211.
of Antichrist, 46.
Anticoton, 15.

, answer to, 24, 86.

Apology of Lord Delaware, 106.
Atlas, of Gerard Mercator, 29.
Banquet of Wits, 250.
Carnestoliendas, 28.
Christiana et modesta Responsio,

235.
Clavicula Solomonis, 142, 159.
De Attributis Dei, of Vorstius,

139, 142, 147, 169.
Declaration etc. touchant le fait

de Vorstius, 228, 235, 239.
Deduction de 1' Administration, 5.
De Ecclesiastica et Politica

Potestate, 244, 298, 357.
De jure Administrationis Palatinae,

433.
De licito usu aequivocationum, of

Lessius, 153.
De potestate papae, of Wm. Bar-
clay, 7, 26.
De potestate papae, bv Lessius,

153, 179.
De potestate summi pontificis,

by Bellarmine, 7, 9. 12, 15, 69,

118.
De primatu regis Angliae, 211.
De rege et regis institutione, by

Mariana, 15.
Don Quixote, 275.

, reference to, 225.

Du Moulin against CoefFeteau, 115.
Examen epistolae monitoriae Mag.

Brit. Regis, by Coqueus, 4.
French Diotionarv, by Cotgrave,

56.
Gothefrov, de tutelis electoralibus,

122.
Incounter with P.R. by Morton,

295.
the king's, 65.
libel against the Assembly at

Saumur, 115.
Peregrinus Romanus, 179.
Picaro, 319.
Progres du Mystere d'Iniquit6,

by du Plessis Mornay, 107, 113,

118, 129.

465

books, titles of — contd.
PuerOis, 327.
Spanish Grammar, by Sanford,

28, 46.
Theatre de 1' Antichrist, by Vignier,

9, 12.
Tobacco, a paper, by Sanford, 28.
Bordeaux [Gironde, France], 338.

Cond6 at, 100, 104, 107, 122, 333.
broil at, 341.

mayor of. See Barrault, M. de.
mayoralty of, 107, 114.
parlement of, 395.
Chateau Trompette, 104.
Borghese, Marc Antonio, the pope's
nephew, marriage of, 27.

, Cardinal. See Caffarelli,

Scipio.
Borgia, Borja, Gaspard, Cardinal, 135.

mission at Rome, 284.
Borja, Thomas de, bishop of Saragossa,

pope's claim to goods of. 111.
Bomeville. See Boumonvillo.
Boroughs, Captain, 119.
Boschot, — , 418, 429.
Bouillon, duke of. See Tour d'

Auvergne, Henri de la.
Boulogne [Pas de Calais, France], 426.
Boulue. See Beaulieu.
Bourbon, Anne de, countess of

Soissons, 394.
Bourbon, Charles de, count of
Soissons : 11, 82, 187, 212, 394,
417.
and Sully, 136 ; gone to Nor-
mandy, 177 ; quarrels of, 212,
220,
dispute with Wurtemberg, 145,
172; discontents of, 198, 243-4,
256, 302, 397 ; reconciled, 312.
signs marriage contract, 353 ;
goes to states of Normandy,
355.
quarrel with Fervaques, 365 ;

death, 387, 393.
bargain with Ancre, 394.
Bourbon, Charlotte Catherine de (n6e
de la Tremouille), Conde's
mother, 23.

.visits Holland, 139, 167,

168)), 182; back, 212, 216.
Bourbon, Charlotte Margaret de (the
wife), princess of Conde, 149.

.visits Holland, 139, 167,

168h, 182 ; back, 212, 216.
Bourbon. Eleanor of, princess of

Orange, 139, 168)).
Bourbon, Fran9ois de, prince of I
Conti, Conty, 256, 394. \

attended Pastrana, 352. '

Bourbon, Henri I de, prince of Conde,
93.

Bourbon, Henri II de, prince of Cond6,
177, 368, 379.
escapades of, 5 ; dispute with

Guise, 23.
grant to, 8 ; leaves Paris, 65 ; in
Guyenne, 82, 93 ; at Bordeaux,
100, 104, 107.
and Sullv, 25 ; has Vatan's goods,

205.
and the archdukes, 89, 91.
writes submissively to the queen,
will return, 94 ; returning, 122.
and mayoralty of Bordeaux, 107,

114 ; at Fontainebleau, 158.
discontents of, 198, 256 ; quarrel

with Nevers, 350.
feasts mother and wife, 21 1-2 ;

entertains Pastrana, 365.
goes to Bordeaux to compose
quarrel, 333, 341, 345; goes
to St. Valery, 355.
signs marriage contract, 352.
admitted to secret affairs, 417.

, , secretaiy to. See

Grange, M. de la.
Bourbon, Louis de, 187 ; count of

Soissons, 394.
Bourbon, Marie de, daughter of Henri,
duke of Montpensier, the young
lady of Montpensier, 187.
Bourg [Bresse], [Aix, France] : 46,

114, 149, 172, 220.
Bournonville, Borneville, duke of,
ambassador of archdukes to
France, king will not receive,
379, 383, 392-3.
Bouthem, company of, 112.
Boyd, Bold, Boit, Boyte, Colonel, 398,
412.
appeal of James for, 80, 105, 120,
209, 285 ; protest to archdukes,
120.
letter of archdukes in favour of,

121, 209.
refusal to pay, 373.
Boyschot. See Boischot.
Brabant: 54, 59, 195.

chancellor of. See Pecquius, Peter.

court of, 269.

lieutenant of. See Bredam, sieur

de.
Rate (Council) of, 224.
and Aix, 227.
contributions of, 260.
fortifications of inspected, 317.
English wool exported to, 426.
brabanzons. See Flemings.
Braine le Comte, Bryne le Compte
[Hainault, Belgium], 271.

Wt. 1216.

Down III— 30

46«

Brakel, sieur de. See Aeswijn. Heiii-

hard van.
Brandeis, [Bohemia. Czecho Slovakia] :

11.
Brandenburg [German ]Ompiro|: 105,
177.
Anspach making toui' in. 344. 348.

353.
Council of, 445.
Elector of. See John Frederick ;

John iSigismund.
Electress of. (See Aima, wife of

John Sigismund.
prince of. iSee George Wilham.
house of, treaty concerning Juliers.

42. '

difference with Keuburg, 227.
brawn, 204.
brazil, brasil wood, taken in a prize.

332.
Breda [Prov. N. Brabant, Netherlands] ;

71, 97, 102, 182, 238, 242.
Bredam, Sieur de, lieutenant of

Brabant, letter to, 72.
Breitler, Praefect, release demanded,

51.
Bremen [German Empire], unwilling
to enter league against Spain,
343.
Brescia [Prov. Brescia, Italy], 31)2.
Breslau [Silesia, German Kmpire], 152.
news from, 14(1
Matthias at, 144.
bishop of. iSee Charles, archduke
of Austria.
Bressc, France, 34().
Bresse, M. de. 114.
Bret, Mr., 435.
Breves, sieur de. See Savari, Franc^ois

de.
Brill [Prov. S. Holland, Netherlands]:

377, 381, 390.
Brissac, comte de. See Cosse, Charles

de.
Bristol, Bristowe, co. Gloucester, 434.
Brittany. France : 136, 256. 365.

quarrel between Vendome and
Brissac over, 350, 357.
Brochero, Don Diego, 380.
Brogden, Biogeden, Mr., 244, 259.

lOlizabeth, maiden name of Tnmi-
bull's mother, 244h.
Brokodiski, chief chamberlain, 141).
Brooke, Sir Calisthenes, 29.

debt to Trumbull, 47-8, 119.
ill, 119; dead, 142.
wife of, 142.
Brooke, Henrv, lord Cobham, 109.
Brote, — , 416"
Brouage [Charente Inf. France], 211.

Brouet, Brouaye, comit of. iS'ee

Spinola, Gaston.
Browne, Sir William, lieutenant

governor of Flushing, 10.

, letter from, 33.

, letters to, 35, 44.

, hopeful recoveiy of, 35 ;

death of, 56, 71.

, son of, 56, 109.

, , wife of, 71, 109.

Mr., 324.

, son-in-law of, 324.

Brownlow, John, 95, 133, 307.

.letters from, 62, 169, 179,

219. 224, 228, 243, 291, 294,

324, 339, 429.
, mother, wife and son of,

170.
Bruce, Edward, baron Bruce of Kin-
loss, Keloys, Kenloss, Master of

the Rolls, 13, 16, 28, 332.
. , son of, made clerk of

chancery, 31.
, , son of, said to have

slain Essex's son, 332.
Bruok, Brugghe [Rhenish Prussia,

German Empire], 445.
Brueil, seigneur de. See Selve, Lazare

de.
Bnichsal, Brusel [Baden, German

Empire], 439.
Bruges [Prov. VV. Flanders. Belgium] :

56, 90, 169, 386, 413, 419.
letters dated at, 169.
.services of Boyd and Scots at,

120 ; directed to settle with

Boyd, 121.
claim of Boyd upon, 209 ; refusal

to pay, 373.
and revival of cloth trade, 230 ;

suggested remove of English

merchants to, 426.
burgomaster of, 121.
estates of, debts due by, 80, 105.
treaty made at, 280, 390, 393.
the Frank at, 373.
Bruhl, Bruel, Brule [Rhenish Prussia,

German Empire], 298, 393, 405,

408, 425.
Brulart, Nicolas, seigneur de Sillery,

chancellor of France, 78, 394.
Soissons attacks, 198. 212, 220;

reconciled, 312.
and king's marriage, 217; visits

Pastrana, 350.
and Huguenot deputies, 220.
Brulart, Noel, knight of Malta,

commander of Sillery, 394.

467

Brulart, Peter, marquis de Piiizieux,
Puysieux, 78.
mission to Spain, 328, 338, 353,
368.

Biimswick [German Empire], ban
against, 102, 182 ; dispute with
duke, 34(i, 357.
dirke of. See Henry Julius,
young duke of. See Frederick
Ulric.

Brusel. See Bruchsal.

Brussels, Belgium; 12, 14, 19, 22, 27-0,
36, 45-6, 48, 52, 58, 68-9, 77-8,
96, 113, 116, 130, 133)(, J42,
145, 154-5, 162, 169, 179, 191,
200, 203, 208, 214, 223, 235,
239, 244, 253, 255, 258, 261.

263, 269. 292, 316, 337, 346,
363, 371. 373, 385, 387-8, 391,
390, 402, 404. 407, 409, 41().
418, 421-2, 434, 439. 449, 450.

English representative at, 4 ;

question of ambassador for, 34.
Cranborne at, 51 ; Seymour at,

90, 105 ; English visitors at,

145-6, 276, 302.
estates at, 58-9 ; English soldiers

serving at. 359.
letters dated at, 58, 62, 87, 90,

121, 167, 229, 236, 242, 259,

264, 272-3, 279. 290, 303. 316,
348, 369, 382, 413, 425.

contract dated at, 369.

conference of, 397.

Archduke Maximilian visits, 216,

220.
princesses of Conde at, 216.
mission of Wachtcndonc to, 227 ;

deputies of Wirtemburg at,

392.
Gerard at, 257 ; Spinola at, 322 ;

visitors to. 358.
boat of, 62.
burgomaster of, 97.
Blindenbeoh St., 397.
Council at, 224.
Hostel d' Oranges, 90.
Hotel de Ville, Town House, 449.
Jesuits' College, 272.
monastery of, 432.
Red Tom Inn, 449.
Sablonne, near the red cross, 179.
St. Gudule's church, 272, 397.
Three Buckets Inn, Three Tuns,

415, 449.
Bryne le Compte. See Braine le Comte,
Bt'uz, Capt. Edmund, letter of, 432.
Brvdges, Grev, fifth baron Chandos,

Chandoix, 102, 124, 161, 276,

335.
, Iptter of, 344.

Buch, Mynher de, controller of the

customs, Antwerp, 410.
Buchaim reiters, 140.
Buckerage, Buckridge, John, bishop of

Rochester, 47. 56.
Buckner. Thomas, 323.

letters from, 162, 166.
Bucquoi, count of. See Longueval,

Charles de.
Budweis, Budweiss [Bohemia], 50,
61, 74, 78.
Passauers at, 24, 38-41 , 70, 73 ;
imperial ban against, 68.
Bugdina, prince of. See Radolo,

Stephen, prince of Moldavia.
bull fights, 354.

Bullion, Claude, sent bv queen to
Saumur. 79, 92, 94, 100, 110,
113, 115, 118. 121, 124.
sent to Savoy, 153, 176, 181.
Bures. Bure. M. de. 47, 645, 72. 265,
366.

, letters from, 212, 329, 399.

Bvirgau. margrave of. See Charles,

archduke of Austria.
Burgos, Castile, Spain, 328, 334.

governor of, 328, 334.
Burgundy : 31, 39, 264.

, dukes of, 62.

, . See also Philip le

Bon.

. house of, 114.

. lieutenant govei'nor of. See

Malin, lOdme de, baron de Luz.

, trade agi'eements with, 347.

, salins of, 230, 238, 242.

, troops of, 223, 304 ; levies

in, 428.

, treaty of 1506 with, 236.

Burlace, lady. 381.

Burlamaochi. Burgemachy, Filippo,

merchant, 85.
Burrell, — , pensionary of Middelbiu'g,

44, 47.
Bustanza. Paul, 391.
Butily. See Rusky.
Butler, — , 297.

, William, physician to Prince

Henry, 451.
butter, produced in Oland, Sweden,

332.
Buwinckhausen, Daniel Walmerode
von, councillor of Wurtemberg,
71, 99.
sent to archdukes about Mont-

beliard, 160, 215, 237, 274.
envoy of Princes of the Union,
208.

468

Buwinckhausen, Daniel — contd.
going to Wesel, 256, 259.
letters from, 397, 410, 417, 433,

438.
brother of, 234.
father of, 324.
Byndon, Viscount. See Howard,

Thomas.
Byssieux, Seigneur des. See Spifame,
Samuel, Seigneur des Bisseaux.

Caohopin, Sieur, 450.
Cadiz [Spain], 96.

Caesar, duke of Vendome, Vendosme,
100, 237.
mission to Rome, 257.
quarrel with Brissac, 350, 357,
365.
Caesar, Sir Julius, chancellor of the
exchequer, 16, 330, 434.
acting as treasurer, 290.
son of, 393, 400, 419.
Caffarelli, Scipio, Cardinal Borghese :
protector of monks of Camal-
doli, 27 ; appears with French
party, 134.
Calais [Pas de Calais, France] : 76, 85,
116, 220, 284, 317, 335, 400,
426.
governorship of, 172.
Calderon, Rodrigo, Don Rodrigo : 140,
184, 318, 380.
to go ambassador to Venice, 184,

186, 246.
consulted about Flanders, 231 ;
going to Flanders, 242, 278,
303.
going with Spinola, 245, 257,
261, 263 ; archduke objects to,
274, 282.
at Paris, 302, 312 ; at Brussels,

316 ; going to Cologne, 317.
relations with Zuniga, 339 ; at
Marimont, 382.
Galley, Cawley, CuUey, William, mer-
chant, 96, 111, 142, 162, 185-6,
190-1, 214, 225. 233, 244-5,
247, 261-2, 264-5, 278, 284,
299, 301, 307-8, 313, 319, 334,
353, 360, 366, 384, 400-2, 431,
437-9.
Calmar, Colmar [Sweden], 81, 101, 332.
Danes expelled from, 119 ; cap-
tured, 125, 136.

Calvert, George, 44, 101, 201, 234, 315.
recalled 16, 24 ; spoken of for
Brussels, 20-1, 31, 34, 46-7,
139, 146.
letter of, 283.
Calvert, Samuel, 50, 164, 234, 239,
240, 338.
letters from, 13, 30, 44, 49, 98,

211, 249, 344.
writes Apology of lord Delaware,
106.
Calvin, John, book against, 113.
Calvinists, 150.

dispute with Lutherans, 389, 415 ;
Neuburg illtreats, 405.
Camaldoli, Camaldda, monks of, 27.
Cambrai, Cambrey [Nord, France],
60, 303.
letter dated at, 397.
placart of, 375.
Cambridge, Cantbridge, co. Cambridge,
297.
University of, chancellor of, 308.
Cameraja, Cameras, Marquis de, cap-
tain of the guard, 232, 246.
Canada, N. America, French expedi-
tion to, 136.
Candale, oomte de. See Foix, Henry
de.
Madame de. jSee Foix, Franjoise
de.
candles, 154, 165, 169.
Canter. See Kanther.
Canterbury, co. Kent, horses of de
Vitry burned at, 82.
archbishop of, appointment of,
28, 32.

. See Abbot, George.

Cappel, M., 333, 340.
letter to, 357.

, Madame, 353.

Capponi, Cardinal Ludovico, secretary

of, murdered, 117.
Caraffa, Dfecio, archbishop of Damas,
later Cardinal, papal nuncio ua
Spain, dispute with Saragossa,
111, 123.
Caragoca. See Saragossa.
Cardenas, Inigo de, Spanish am-
bassador in France, 312, 380,
432.
treats about marriage, 65, 328 ;

signs marriage contract, 353.
and Savoy Nemours match, 110;

taking leave, 417 ; gone, 432.
reports arrival of rich India fleet,
417.
Cardinale, John, of Beltinge, 410.

4.69

Cardinals :

promotion of, 134.
Venice and dignity of, 135.
dispute witli princesses for pre-
cedence, at Paris, 350.

, College of, French influence

in, 134.
Cardona, Philip de, marquis of
Guadalosta, Guadalesta, Spanish
ambassador to Flanders, 242,
274, 316.
at Paris, 133 ; going to Holland,

150.
asks information of colleague in
England, 282.
Carew, Sir George, 64, 315, 355.

, master of the Wards, 420.

Carisius, Dr. Jonas, envoy of Denmark

to England, 132.
Carlenspurg. See Karlsburg.
Carleton, Aima, wife of Sir Dudley,
ill, 117.

, Sir Dudley, ambassador at

Venice, 12, 306.
letters from, 14, 26, 45, 57, 75,
81, 95, 98, 103, 116, 122, 134,
145, 163. 166, 182, 200, 218,
224, 238, 250, 255, 262, 287,
298, 314, 323, 334, 347, 362,
374, 429, 441.

, referred to, 24, 442.

dispute with nuncio over Castel-
vetro, 135 ; quarrel with
Mompessons, 288.
Wake secretary to, 393.
Carleton, John, elder brother of Sir
Dudley, 255.

, son of, 255.

Carmagnan. See. Ruffia, Claudio,

count of Cartignana.
Carmelite friars, two, from Venice,

reputed converts, 331.
Carmen Praga, Latin verses, 11.
Caron, Sir Noel, Dutch ambassador in
England, 277, 297, 315, 336,
346, 357, 375.
back at Hague, 352 ; sent back
to England, 377.
carpets, sent to Trumbull, 200.
CaiT, Car, Sir Robert, 20, 31, 427.

letter from, 449 ; referred to, 348.
made Viscount Rochester, 47, 56 ;

made knight of the garter, 64.
queen's outburst against, 83, 85,
98 ; eiforts to restore Overbury,
139.
made privy councillor, 283, 285,
288 ; seals to be given to, 337,
344.
master of the Horse, 306, 392;
high in king's favour, 412.

Carr, Car, Sir Robert — -contd.

Trumbull to report to, 348, 358 ;
speaks to king for Trumbull,
369.
wants hangings or pictures, 369.
Carthusians, Chartreux, at Prague,

26, 28.
Cartignana, count of. iSee Ruffia,

Claudio.
Cartwright, — , killed m duel, 1 17.
Carvajal, Dona Luisa de, Spanish
gentlewoman, remittances of
for novitiate at Louvain, 127.
Casaubon, Isaac, 308.

book of, 190 ; and Jesuits, 211 ;
book against, 370.
Caschau, Cassau. See Kasohau.
Cassel [Hesse, German Empire], letter
dated at, 154.
landgrave of. See Maurice, of
Hesse.
Castelvetro, Giacomo, servant of

Carleton, 135.
Gastiglioni, Capt. Manfrino, 68.
Castile, Spain, 186, 328, 334, 380.

constable of. jSee Velasco, Juan
Fernandez de, duke of Frias.
Castle, John, 240.

, letter from. 231.

, wife of, 240.

Castrillo, Francesco Hobo, 140.
Castro, Francesco de, Spanish am-
bassador at Rome, 134-6, 197.
Catherine, sister of Henry IV of France,

duchess of Lorraine, 66.
Catherine, youngest daughter of duke

of Savoy, 176.
Catherine, Ursula, daughter of margrave
of Baden, marriage to Otto of
Hesse, 376, 378, 381, 385, 387,
389.

, desire for Lutheran minister,

378, 390.
Catholic league, 43, 46, 54, 64, 260,

451.
Catholics, English, Papists, recusants,
reported harsh treatment of,
14 ; flock to Flanders, 273.
and the gunpowder plot, 16.
Spain ready to make trouble with,

252.
EngUsh laws against, 282 ;
summoned to London to take
oath, 298.
Caumartin, sieur de. See Feure, Louis

de.
Cautionary towns, Spanish demand for,
331, 339.
See also Brill ; Flushing.

470

Cavalli, Marin, Venetian aiiiba«sador

at Rome, and promotion of

cardinals, 135.
Caverson, Sr., 195, 204.

, the younger, 42 1 .

Cawley, See Galley.

Cecil, Cecyl, Catharine {iiee Howard),

viscountess Craiiborne, 3, 276.
Cecil, Sir Edward, 277.
letter from, 83.
quarrel with Capt. Horwood, H2~3,

98.
represents prince at christenuig at

Amheim, 275.
Cecil, Robert, the earl of Salisbury,

the lord treasurer, 33, 67, 192,

316, 320.
lettei-s from. 51, 86, 89, 94, 97,

105, 127, 160, 199, 240.

, referred to, 62, 217.

letters to, 58, 62, 87, 90, 210,

303.
.referred to, 167, 267, 426,

452.
recalls (Jalvert, 16 ; employ-
ment of Calvert, 47 ; employs

Sherbourn, 164.
and case of Huute, 59 ; and

Seymour, 105.
approval of Trumbull, 63 ; on

exempting him from subsidy,

64.
treats with Ruffia about marriage,

66 ; and Ruffia, at Theobalds,

181.
stops payments from exchequer,

99.
recommends Bovd to Trumbull,

105 ; and Vorstius, 142, 218.
entertiains Otto of Hesse, 106 ;

and Cottington, 104 ; Boischot

avoided, 187 ; and Edmondes,

309.
trees and plants for, 182.
ill, 199, 201, 240, 269, 310 ; better.

249, 266, 271, 276, 279, 284;

hopeful of recovery, 268 ; takes

leave of queen, 276.
threatens to recall ambassador

from Spain, 201 ; and appoint-
ment of consuls, 215.
asks king for assistance, 249.
people discouraged for fear of

death, 249 ; cannot recover,

283 ; relapse, 286.
Edmondes informs of Gerard, 257 ;

Dalston sent to, 331.
inclines to Florentine match for

prince, 276.

Cecil, Robert — coiiUl.

going to Bath, 283, 285-6, 290 ;
returning to London, 297 ; death,
305-6, 311-2, 314-5; referred
to, 318, 374.
Spanish ambassador casts slui'
on, about marriages, 332 ; gone
and as soon forgotten, 344.
Comicil busy with accounts of
398 ; difficult to replace, 412.
Cecil, Sir Thomas, 54.
Cecil, William, Viscount C'rauborne, 5(i,
197.
illness of, 3, 14 ; returning home,
3, 14, 47, 54 ; thanks for, 51,
63.
Cecil, William, lord Roos, Rose, Rosse,
54, 68-9, 181, 287.
letter of, 87.

travels of, 33, 362 ; money
supplied to, 57 ; money owed
by, 87.
entertained b}' archdukes, 63.
debt to Trumbull, 118, 155, 158,
165, 169, 178.
Cecil, lady, 381.
Cecil, Mr!, 155.

Ceneda [Prov. Venezia, Italy], 117.
Cepio (Caepio), ServiUus, 53k.
Cerda, Donna Juana de la, 264.
Cerdenna. See Sardinia.
Chabo, Franjois Amedee, M. Jacob,
minister of Savov in France,
14, 23, 34, 152-3,' 181, 250.
Challoner, Sir Christopher, 147.
Chamberlain, John, and Trumbull, 14.
returning home, 117.

, Sh' Robert, 214, 275, 400.

letter from, 167.
chamberlain, the lord. See Howard,

Thomas, earl of Suffolk.
Chamberlm, George, 218.
Chamier, President, 82, 121.
Champney, Dr. Anthony, secular

priest, 340.
chancellor, the lord. See Egerton,

Thomas, baron EUesmere.
chancellor of the exchequer. See

Caesar, Sir JuUus.
Chandler, Mr. Geo., 201, 204.
Chandler, John. 19, 153, 165, 168-9,
178, 195, 348, 373, 410, 450.
return from pilgrimage, 107, 288.
letters frojn, 269, 327, 365, 373,
390, 393, 423-4.

, referred to, 440.

Chandos, lord. See Brydges, Grey.
Chanvalon, Harlai de, abbot of St.

Victor, 312.
Charenton [Seine, Paris], 124, 176.
Charles IV, emperor, 188.

471

Charles \', the eiii])er()i-, 38-9, 252, 413.
Charles IX, kin;.; of France, 4]ii.
Charles IX, king of Sweden, 9.

Denmark urged to peace with,

228.
Charles, son of James 1, duke of York,

384, 412, 415, 417.
made knight of the garter, 64 ;

project to make High Admiral,

147, 171.
received Bouillon. 28() ; meets

Palatine, 391 ; celebrates birth-
day, 414 ; fresh arrangements

for, 436.
Charles, archduke of Austria, margrave

of Burgau, bishop of Breslau,

36, 78, 80, 144, 146, 214.
, , daughter of. See

Maria Chiistierna.
Charles, Archduke, of Muustei'berg,

Minsterberg, 144, 146.
Charles Emanuel I. Duke of Savoy :
troojffi of, 4, 12, 32, 53.
designs of. 4 ; and Geneva, 8. 12,

14, 15 19. 23, 25-6, 29, 33-4.

36, 39, 47, 6(), 70, 122, 126, 352,

355, 368, 4-14.
and Spain, 14, 26.
and French match, 19, 54, 151-2,

250 ; accord with Varenne, 79.
courtesy to Wotton, 19 ; La

Fontaine going to, 31, 39.
and English match, 19, 52-3, 66,

108, 157, 197.
restlessness of, 26 ; dismissal of

troops by, ,58. 72, 79, 86;

supposed intentions, 76-7, 95.
and the Swiss, 76, 109, 129, 352.
Genoa bankers discontented with,

77.
and marriage of daughter to

Xeinours, 93, 110, 156-7, 176,

217, 232.
making new levies, 94.
and the pays de Vaud, 113, 122,

181, 356.
and Berne. 126, 129, 149, 336.
stops commerce with Genevaj 129.
dispute with pope, 130-1 ; in-
solence of Spanish agent to,

156-7, 163. 186.
and Sassello, 1 35. 1 39 : objection

to Florentine match, 151.
Bourg built by, 149.
Lesdiguieres sent to, 1 53 ; mission

to stayed, 157.
reduces forces. 1 59, 160 ; levying

troops in Piedmont, 444.
])roj)oses league against Spain,

175 ; advantage of alliance ^ith,

252.

Charles Emanuel 1 — coiUd.

sends condolences to ([ueen

mother, 176.
presents to James from, 201, 217.

, daughters of. See Isabella ;

Margaret ; Maria,
charms, concealed in a ring, 69.

book of, 385, 387-8.
Chartier, — , 178.

Chartxes [Eure et J^oir, France |, 116.
Chartreux. See Carthusians.
Chastaineraye, baron de la. See

Vivonne, Charles de.
Chateauneuf, marquis de. See Aubes-

pine, Charles de 1'.
Chateauroux, Chasten I'oux. count of,

216.
Chateau Thierry, Chasteau Thierry

[Aisne, France], 105.
Chateauvieux, sieur de, lieutenant of

the Bastille, 11.
ChateUeraut, Chastelheraut [Viemae,
France], assembly of Huguenots
at, 58, 64, 69.
Chatillon sur Indre, Chastillon sur
rindrc [Indre, France], 86.
governor of. See Senevieres,
baron de.
Chatillon, Chastillon, M. de, 395 ; man
of, 345.

, comte de. See Coligny,

Gaspar de.
Chauncey, Chauncie, Sir William, 84.
cheeses, Dutch, 218.
Chevreuse, duke of. See Lorraine,

Claude de.
Chidley, James, letter from, 161.
Choram. See Corham.
Christian IV, king of Denmark : 207.
declaration of war on Sweden, 45,
70 ; enlisting Dutch sailors
and soldiers, 48 ; mission to
persuade to peace, 228, 330 ;
will make peace, 424.
favours Brandenburg, 46.
and the Dutch, 81, 119.
defeated, 123, 136 ; victory of,

125 ; takes Calmar, 132, 136.
reported death, 228, 266, 276.
applies to England for money,
249 ; careless of well treating
of English troops, 344.
besieges Elserbourg, 310 ; war-
like operations, 332-3, 343, 399 ;
reported defeat, 342.
reported prisoner, 35(), 358 ; not
prospering, 359, 377 ; gone to
sea, 371.
mission from Spain to, 383.

472

Christian II, Elector of Saxony, 37,
43, 46, 104, 252, 285)i, 322.
and Leopold's troops, 6 ; won by

Austria, 7.
pressing and menacing, 10 ; and
Cleves succession, 10, 13, 22,
36, 46, 81.
conference with Brandenburg, 33,

45 ; and Aix, 36.
accord with, 51-2, 54, 64, 68, 70.
letter to Estates of Bohemia, 58.
Neuburg Palatine objects to ad-
mission of, 66, 77.
not represented at coronation of
Matthias, 73 ; imperialist, 108-9.
death of, 103, 106, 109, 110, 114.
widow of. See Hedwig, of
Denmark.
Christian, prince of Anhalt Bernberg :
7, 22, 36, 52, 54, 149, 265, 276,
433.
at Berlin, 10, 14 ; expected at
Prague, 57 ; at Heidelberg,
103 ; at Rothenburg, 109.
tutor of Elector Palatine, 65.
emperor sends for, 141-2, 158 ;
on mission to emperor from
Union, 152.
at Nuremberg, 158-9.
emperor's rehance on, 168 ; sees
emperor's body embalmed, 219.
Leopold confers with, 216.
at wedding of Deuxponts, 291.
at diet at Rothemburg, 304.
letter of, referred to, 37.
Christian of Brandenburg, margrave
of Culmbach, Culembach, 14,
22, 45.
Christian, prince of Denmark, 266.
Christian William of Brandenburg,
administrator of Magdeburg,
285.
Christianopel, Christianople [Blekinge,

Sweden], 113.
Christma, second daughter of Henri
IV of Prance, performs in
comedy, 110, 115 ; suggested
for Prince of Wales, 133, 309,
338.
eager to cross to England, 321.
Christmas provisions, 201.
Christopher, brother of Count of E.

Friesland, 274, 317.
Churche, Richard, letter of, 183.
Cibin. See Hermannstadt.
Cimbri, the, 53m.
Cinque Ports, 426.

Cioli, Tuscan Secretary, treating for
match with prince of Wales,
279.

cipher, Mierbeeck's new, 375.

for Trumbull, 449.
Clancarty, lady, 282.
Clarissimo, an Italian, 368.
Clarke, Clarck, Mr., 290, 353.
Cleekouse, Mr., 298.
Clerk, John le, 168.
Clesel, Clessel. See Klesl.
Cleves, Cleveland [German Empire],
duchy of, 81, 115, 238, 304.
Princes Possessioners and, 4, 317 ;

damage suffered in war, 37.
succession of, 58, 64. 70, 77, 191,

310, 364.
archdukes and, 240.
meeting of Estates of, 258, 270,

312.

may escape attack, 348 ; elector

of Mayence speaks about, 351.

efforts to corrupt subjects of, 382.

emperor grants investiture to

Neuburg, 424.

, duke of. See John William.

Cleves, town of, 71-3, 79, 87, 105, 116,
120, 126, 173, 190, 208, 214,
270, 298, 312.
letters dated at, 202, 212.
Dickenson employed at, 13 ; Hot-
man at, 203.
Neuburg at, 136 ; commissioners
about Aix at, 143.
Clifford, Erancis, fourth earl of Cum-
berland, 244.
Clifford, Henry, lord, 54, 161, 205,

254, 256, 259, 266.
Clinton, Henry, earl of Lincoln, 306.
clockmaker, at Antwerp, 365, 390,

393.
cloth, 255, 375, 413, 419, 424, 449.

provided for Trumbull, 154, 165,

170, 178.
contract for, 229.
staple of, at Antwerp, 269.
encouragement of manufacture
of, m Flanders, 153, 260, 281,
393, 426.
sale of, at Constantinople, 183.
English : question of exclusion
from Flanders, 62-3, 127-8,
130, 156, 230, 236, 242-3, 259,
260, 280-1, 301, 309, 354, 370,
381, 383, 399, 424-6, 443-4.

, Salisbury's opinion about,

199 ; archduke's order upon,
278, 279, 291 ; kmg's instruc-
tions about, 360-1.

, Trumbull's audience of

archduke about, 360-1 ; ques-
tion referred to lord privy seal,
447.

473

cloth — conhl.

English : expedients for intro-
ducing, 391, 406, 408-11, 431.

, deterioration of, 280.

, trade in, with Flanders, 399,

403-4, 426 ; edict of PhiUp le
Bon against, 424.
kinds of :
baizes, 250.

, at Dunkirk, 228.

coloured, 293, 361, 399, 403^,

406, 408-11, 426.
pcrpetuanas, 280.
purple, for bed, 21(5.
sayes, 280.

white, passports for, 361, 371-2,
391.
Cobham, lord. See Brooke, Henry.
Coburg, prince of. See .John Casimir

of Coburg.
Cochetilet, Andre de, baron de Vaucelas,
French ambassador in Spain,
49, 321, 380.
Cocheus, Cocquaius. See. (Joqueus.
Coeffeteau, Nicolas, 115.
Coenvelt, Coenveld, an advocate :
envoy from archdukes to the
Hague, 293, 303, 318.
Coeuvres, marquis de. See Estrees,

Frangois Haimibal d'.
Coke, Cooke, Sir Edward, chief justice
of Common Pleas, Lord Cooke:
and High Commission Court, 84.
may be treasurer, 306, 412.
chief mourner of Stitton, 307.
cokerkins, 219, 224.
Coleraine, Colraine [co. Londonderry,

Ireland], 30, 44.
Colewitz, Colluits, baron de, 41.

.Siegfried de, 112.

Colford, Coleford, Gabriel : 10, 62, 163,
185-6, 190, 203-4, 233, 244,
261, 278, 301, 308, 313, 319,
354, 360, 366, 373, 379, 381,
384, 395, 400, 401-2, 424, 430-2,
437.
letter from, 438.
Coligny, Charles de, marquis d'Ande-
lot, 216.

, Gaspar de, comte de

Chatillon, 257.
Colli, Hippohtus, de, ambassador of
the Elector Palatine, 28, 122.
at Prague, 98 ; at Dresden, 103,
109 ; death of, 235, 247.
Collonitsch, Col. Ferdinand von, 37.
Colmar. See Calmar.
Cologne. Colen, Cullen [German
Empire]: 9, 89, 159, 241, 299,
418, 421, 429, 430.

Cologne — coiild.

news from, 233, 448.

letters dated at, 4, 8, 12, 19, 24,
26, 28, 32, 35, 39, 51, 56, 61,
70, 75, 78, 80, 86, 94, 97, 102,
106, 109, 114-5, 120, 122, 125,
129, 134, 142, 148, 158, 164,
167, 171, 181, 188, 193, 197,
202, 204, 211, 216, 223, 227,
2.33, 235, 241, 247, 259. 264,
266, 269, 275, 289, 291, 295,
298. 302, 312-3, 316, 319, 322,
327, 331, 336, 340-1, 343, 347,
351, 354-5, 364, 367, 373, 376.
378, 381, 385, 389, 407, 415,
423, 437, 442, 444, 446.

books printed at, 7, 16,

treaty of, 16, 58.

legation of, 36 ; deputies at diet
of Nuremberg, 148.

Lesieur at, 39 ; Cartignano at,
167.

and war of Sweden and Denmark,
70 ; and the emperor, 327.

ill treatment of Protestants at,
114.

and Aix, 129, 175, 227.

Saxon envoys expected at, 203-4 ;
Neuburg's good relations with,
395.

warlike preparations at, 234 ;
archdukes indifferent about,
294.

question of title to, 242.

Dutch representations to, 247 ;
Possessioners sending to, 348.

Jesuits college at. Rector of, 258.

magistrates of, 258 ; reported
rising against magistracy, 352.

and building of Mulheim, 259, 270,
279, 289, 293-5, 303, 316, 340,
354, 364, 366-7, 376, 389.

Spinola goes to, 317, 319, 378 ;
Palatine expected at, 367, 371.

sends deputies to Prague, 340,
344. 393.

plague at, 376.

importance of, to Kome and
Jesuits, 384 ; secrets of Dussel-
dorf known at, 396.

emperor's commissioners at, 408,
425 ; Lesieur at, 415, 417.

book published at, about Pala-
tinate, 433.

recruiting going on at, 440.

archbishop of. See Ernest of
Bavaria ; Ferdinand of Bavaria.

burgomaster of. See Hardenradt,
Johan.

coadjutor of. See Ferdinand of
Bavaria.

474

Cologne — coiitd.

deputies of, at Frankfort, 3i0.

, and the emperor, 354, 367.

post of, 294.
postmaster of, 193.
syndic of. See Kionenberg.
Vice chancellor of, 433.
Golonna, Don Pilippo, 134.
Colorno, — , 117.
comedy :

presented by French princes and

princesses, 110, 115.
presented by Jesuits at wedding
of Matthias, 195,
Commartui, Sieur de. See Feure,
Louis de, Sieiu- de Caumartin.
conmiissioners. See under ambassa-
dors.
Commons, House of. Lower House :

and the king, 3.
Compton, Wilham, lord, 197, 420.

, sister, of, 420.

, Lady, 421.

Concini, Concino, marquis of Ancrc.
23, 302, 439.
rise, of, 19 ; and governorship
of Amiens, 93, 104, 110, 118;
and Bourg, 114, 172.
lieutenant general of Picardy, 1 18.
action for Dolet, 216.
entertains Pastrana, 365.
and a confiscation, 368, 378.
pact with Soissons, 394.
Conde, prince of. See Bourbon, Heim
I and Henri II de.

, princess of. See Bourbon,

Charlotte Catherine and Char-
lotte Margaret de.
Conmesberg. See Konigsberg.
Connaught, Ireland, 427.
Constance, queen of Poland, 438.
Constantine, pruice of Moldavia, 362-3.
Constantinople, 183, 359, 447.

news from. 137, 219, 240, 263,

362-3, 441.
letter dated at, 183.
Turks army returns to, 219.
Santa Sophia, 363.
Seraglio, 363.
consuls, appointment of, in Spain,

215.
Conti, prince of. See Bourbon, Fran-

9ois de.
Cooke. See Coke.
Cope, Sir Walter, 64, 286, 419.

new commerce of, 239 ; master of
the Wards, 412, 414.
Copenhagen, Denmark, 343.
proclamation dated at, 45.

Coqueus, Cocheus. Cocquaius, Leopar-
dus, book of, in replv to .James,
4, 65, 69.
confessor of Grand Duchess of
Tuscany, 69.
Coram. See Corham.
Corbett, Corbut, John, cjerl;: to the

Council, 47, 192, 201.
Corbie [Somme, France] : governor of.

^ee Plainville, M. de.
Cordova, Duke of, 278.
Corham. Coram, Choram, John, 57,
62. 95, 195, 284, 288, 421, 423.

.letters from, 290. 406, 408,

410.

, letter to. 403.

, garters for, 346, 351, 388.

corn, dearth of anticipated, 77.
Comwallis, Sir Charles, 306.

, — , treasurer of the prince's

household, 338.
Cornwallis, Sir Edward, ambassador

in Spain, 200?i.
Cornwallis, Sii- Thomas, 447.

, , son of, 447.

Corrcr, Marc Antonio, Venetian am-
bassador in England, at piince's
masque, 1.
Cosse, Charles de, comte de Brissac,

marshal of France, 350, 357.
Costa, Francesco, bishop of Savona,
papal nuncio in Savoy, 157,
163.

, persuading duke to disarm,

76.
Coster. See Quester.
Costingham, Mi'., 420.
Cotgrave, Randal, French dictionary

of, 56.
Cottington, Francis, 302, 339 ; agent
in Spain, 102, 112, 123, 128,
261, 420.
letters from, 7, 31, 49, 67, 78, 96,
113, 164, 204, 262, 265.

, referred to, 60.

takes leave. 111, 113, 141; at
Paris, 124 ; back in England,
139, 164.
to be consul at Seville, 212, 215,
225 ; nmst be Cathohc for this,
400.
threatens to return home, 249.
Cottington, Philip, of Codmaniston,
Soms., father of Francis, 164.
Cotton, Coton, Pierre, Peter Cotton.
eonfes.S()r of Henri IV, 33, 258.
Coudray, M. de, coinicilloi- of Parlement
of Paris, 365.

t75

Council, the Privv, Lords of the

Council : 33,' Oi), 290, 309, 371.
letter from, 434.
letter to, 450.
and Baldwin, 10; Sherley before,

15.5.
queen appeals to, 83.
and dispute between civil and

common lawyers, 84.
clerks of, 101.
Pembroke sworn of, 148, 155 ;

Winwood likely to be admitted

to, 335.
prince sits in as president, 155.
and Savoy ambassador, 180.
and grievances of English mer-
chants in Spain, 197; and sugai-

seized, 412.
and consuls for Spain, 215 ;

Velasco sees, about a ^jrize,

331-2.
and quarrel between Montgomery

and Ramsay, 269.
often meets at treasurer's house,

271 ; busy with treasurer's

accounts, 398.
disgusted with Dutch over

Vorstius, 277 ; and fishing

rights, 332.
and Hawlev's case, 306 ; and

Thomas Albery, 330, 332.
and cloth trade with Flanders,

340, 370, 399, 403, 444.
meets Idng at Hampton Court,

374.
and the pruice's funeral, 412 ;

takes inventory of |)rince's

moveables, 419.
and Richard Throckmorton, 434,

450.
and Tristram Horner. 434.
clerks of 102 ; appointment of,

440.
: See aho Beecher, William ;

Corbett, John ; Trumbull,

William.
Court, the, reform of excess of dress

at, 28.
cochineal, cuchanela, 282, 291.
codfish, green, 218.
Cracow [Poland], 438.
Cranbome, Viscount. See Cecil,

William.
, Viscountess. See Cecil,

Catharine.
Crasher, Mr., 323.
Crawel, Crowell, Werner, burgher of

Brussels, mission of Irom Arch-
dukes to Holland, 1 89 ; tam-
pering here and there, 359.

(ireange, Ci'ehange, baron de, 4, 0,

430.

, troo])s of, 4.

Crema [Prov. Cremona, ItalyJ, jieople

of, Cremaschi, dispute with

Milanese, 202.
Creswell, .fo.seph, Jesuit, 204.

working for Knglish seminary in

Spain, 07.
Digby's relations with. 128 ; and

Cailey's claim, 384, 400, 43 1 .
Crichton, Robert, baron Sanquhar,

Samker, Sancher, Sankard,

Somcar, 297, 306.

, hanged, 324, 332.

Cristick, Father. See Scott, Robert.

Cromnau. See Krumau.

Cronenberg. See Kronenberg.

Crowell. <S'ee Crawel.

Croy, house of, 318.

Croy, Croi, Alexandie de, count of,

Fontenoy, 217, 318.
, Philip de, duke of Aerschot,

305, 318.
.Philippe de, count of Solre,

Sor, 194-5.
death of, 238.
Crumanow. See Krumau.
Cruper, M., councillor of Cleves, envoy

of Possessioners to Brussels,

237.
crystal glasses, presented to (jueen

Aime, 217.
cuchanela. See cochineal.
Cudner, Robert, letter of, 308.
Cueva, Alfonso de, marquis of Bed mar,

Spanish ambassador at Venice,

287, 362.
, expected to go to France,

417.
Cuffs, 312.

Cullen. See Cologne.
Culley. See Calley.
Culm bach, margi-ave of See Christian

of Brandenburg.
Culos, CuUo, Nicholas de, a Walloon,

alias Nicholas de Marbays,

Morbais, 200, 248, 207-8. 285,

293-4, 308, 315.
Cumberland, earl of. See Clifford,

Francis.
Cunega, Cuniga. See Zmiiga.
cushions, quishings, quissens, 164,

399.
customs, duties raised, 300.
Custrin. jSee Kiistrm.

476

D.

D.L. Mad'ie, 344.
Dakens, John, 180.
Dale, Sir Thomas, 44.
DaHchamp, Dalichamps, — , 333, 340.
Dalston, John, alias Salkeld, Salkweld,
of Morland, a converted semi-
nary priest, 331.
Damas, archbishop of. See Caraffa,

Decio.
Damme, Dam [Prov. W. Flanders,
Belgium], letters dated at, 220,
222.
Dainpierre, Dampier, Tampier, Count,
13, 372.
enters Prague with Matthias, 40.
regiment of, 112 ; horse of, 140,
145.
Danes, driven out of Calmar, 119.
Dankert, a solicitor, 248.
Dansker, Simon, the pirate, protected

by Henry IV, 109.
Danube, river, 17.

Danvers, Henr^r, baron, letter of, 405.
Danzig, 438.

news from, 193.
expels Jesuits, 356.
Darcy, Thomas, 306.
Dathenes, Pierre, secretary to the
Elector Palatine, letters from
283, 288, 300, 330, 370, 388,
390, 393, 417, 433, 440, 445.

, , referred to, 446.

, going to Wesel, 256 ; at

Cologne, 259.

, arrives in London, 279 ;

attending Palatine to England,
371.
Dauphine, Dauphiny, Prance, 353,

355, 368, 394.
Davis, a London merchant, 332, 412.
Deepe. See Dieppe.
Delaware, lord. See West, Thomas.
Delft, Delf [Prov. S. Holland, Nether-
lands], 118.
Merchant Adventurers and, 34,
47.
Demosthenes, quoted, 375.
Dendermonde. See Termonde.
Denia [Prov, Alicante, Spain], 278.
Denmark, 83, 155, 359, 422, 442.
news from, 424.

war against Sweden, 70, 77, 113,
249, 251, 332-3, 342, 356, 358,
364, 416, 424.
Dutch mission to, 101 ;
Anstruther sent to, to mediate,
346.
Willoughby taking force to, 249.
alliance with, suggested, 251.

Denmark — contd.

Scottish troops for, 276 ; English
troops in not well treated, 344.
has control of the Sound, 332.
discontent in, 356.
Council of, 119.
king of. See Christian IV ;

Frederick II.
nobles of, 356.
prince of. See Christian, prince

of Denmark,
queen of. See Anne Catherine,
stadtholder of. See Rantzau,
Garet.
Dennagel. See Gansnet, Franz, called

Tengnagel.
deputies. See under ambassadors.
Derby, John, 422.
Derrick, Mr., 226.
Derry. See Londonderry.
Desdiguieres, duke of. See Bonne,
Francois de, duke of Lesdi-
guieres.
Desmeliere, M., councillor of Bouillon,

206.
Deume, Baltazar van, M. Balzar, 163,

179.
Deux Ponts, Zweibruoken [Bavaria,
German Empire], duke of. See
John Casimir.
Devereux, Devorax, Frances (wee
Howard), countess of Essex,
276.

, Robert, earl of Essex, 332.

, , son of, slain by a

Scottish lord, 332.
Devick, Elizabeth, letter of, 65.

, William, 239.

letters from, 20, 31, 440.
necessary for Edmondes' business,
101.
Devon, earl of. See Blount, Charles.
Dewarty, pensionary of Antwerp, 419.
Dickenson, John, English agent at the
Hague : 3, 22, 27, 29, 36, 43,
52, 61, 86, 102, 125, 129, 134,
136, 215, 223, 265, 279, 294,
322, 353, 355, 366, 389.
letters from, 7, 25, 37, 45, 54,
66, 72, 87, 105, 110, 114, 120,
126, 143, 150, 173, 190, 198,
203, 212, 222, 231, 233, 248,
253, 258, 288, 293, 299, 312,
322, 347, 358, 363, 366, 372,
379, 429, 445.

, referred to, 152.

and Hotman, 5, 9.

employed at Cleves, 13 ; asked

to assist at Aix, 120.
allowance to, 13.

477

Dickenson, John — contd.
at Neuburg, 130.
at Dusseldorf, 202.
going to Duisburg, 256 ; going

to Wesel, 265.
Diego, a Spaniard, 420.
Dieppe, Deepe [Seine Infr", Prance],

60.
Diest, Diste [Prov. Brabant, Belgium],

369.
diet, imperial, 390, 430, 439, 444, 446.
nearly due, 340 ; emperor wants

to " anticipate, 343, 378, 382;

date fixed, 430.
to meet at Ratisbon, 405, 423,

444.
questions for, 451.
. See also Frankfort ; Nurem-
berg ; Ratisbon.
Dietrichstein, Dietrsitein, Dithierieh-

stein, Francis, prince of. Car-
dinal : crowns Matthias, 73, 80 ;

at banquet after, 78 ; at

wedding of Matthias, 194.
Digby, Beatrice, lady, wife of Sir John,

32.
journey to Spain, 27, 46, 56, 60 ;

at Madrid, 96.
dedication to, declined, 28.
enceinte. 111, 366; miscarriage

of, 140-1 ; bears a son, 420.
gentlewoman of, ill, 162.
Digby, Sir John, ambassador to Spain,

49, 81, 102, 132, 205, 321, 354,

373, 395.
letters from, 112, 123, 140, 161,

185, 231, 245, 263, 278, 300,

313, 318, 334, 360, 379, 401,

431.

, referred to, 328.

letter's to, referred to, 212.

his pay, 16, 20 ; journey to Spain,

27, 32, 56, 60, 78.
refuses dedications, 28.
house provided for, 50 ; first

audiences, 96 ; Spinola visits,

HI.
and Galley's debt, 96, 162, 185-6,

191, 214, 225, 233, 244-5, 247,

261, 278, 301, 307, 319, 384,

402, 431, 439.
and celebration of comnumion,

111.
to propose marriage between

Prince Henry and Infanta, 128,

139, 150, 164.
ill, 140, 142 ; very discontented,

158 ; sickness in house of, 162.
and Wake's business, 162, 185,

191-2, 203-4, 214, 225, 244-5,

261, 284, 313, 319.

Digby, Sir John — conUl.

used scornfully by Lei-ma, 171 ;

threat to recall, 201.
offers condolences, 201.
proposes establishment of consuls,

214.
deahng with president of

Hacienda, 225.
reasonable, gracious and powerful

in Spain, 226.
asked about king's marriage to

Lady Ehzabeth, 232.
reported mishap to, 249 ; re-
ported dismissal, 380.
and Colford, 400, 401-2.

, son of, 27.

, , christened, 400.

Digby, Mrs., 113, 225.

Digges, Sir Dudley, possible successor

to Trumbull, 226, 261.
Dijck. See Vandicke.
Diodati, a minister, 94.
Discovery, return from voyage, 147.
Diste. See Diest.
dogs, 406.

Irish greyhounds, 421.
Prince Henry's, given to Palatine,
436.
Dohna, Dona, baron, 97.

acts for emperor, 102.
Dole in Burgundy [Jura, France], 160.
Dolet, Dole, — , 216, 220.
Dominicans, assembly of, at Paris,

79.
Donato, Leonardo, doge of Venice :
and Camaldoli monks, 27 ; and
promotion of cardinals, 135 ;
attempt on, 211.
Donauworth [Bavaria, German Em-
pire], 149.
Doimel, Fargus, son of Hugh Donnel

of Tene Kelly, 427, 449.
Dordrecht [Prov. S. Holland, Nether-
lands], 375.
Doria, Giovanni, Cardinal, archbishop

of Palermo, suffragan of, 1 97.
dornix, sent to Trumbull, 200.
Dorset, earl of. See Saekville, Richard

and Thomas.
Dortmund [Westphalia, German Em-
pire], treaty of, 324.
Douai [Nord, France], 257, 272-3.

conventicle of secular priests at,
304.
Douce, Douse, Mr., 358-9.
Down, Ireland, titular bishop of »9ee

O'Devany, Cornelius.
Downederry. See Londonderry.
Draconnier, envoy of Savoy to France,
176.

J-78

Dresden, Saxony [German Empire] :

13, 15, 46w,, 103, 109. 115, 134,

202, 219, 220, 227, 233, 241.
letter dated at, 103.
assembly at, 5.
Dreux, comte de, France, 82.
Dreux [Eure et Loire, Prance], 250.
drinking healths, fashion of the

country, 372.
Drury, Sir Robert, and lady, 217.
Dublin, bishop of. See Matthews,

Eugene.
Dudley, Theodoeia (nee Harington),

lady Dudley, 276.

, Mr., 394, 401.

duels, 105, 207, 230-1, 257, 350-1,

447ji.
edict against, 100, 351.
at Florence, 117.
rencontres, 100, 108.
Duisburg, Duisborg [Rhenish Prussia,

German Empire], meeting of

Estates at, 256, 258, 270, 312,

322.
Dumoulin, Pierre, book defending

James against Coeffeteau, 115.
Dutch ask for, 136 ; attended

Vatan, 205.
book of, borrowed of TrumbuU,

179.
Dunbar, earl of. See Home, George.
Dunkirk [Nord. France], 153, 200, 228,

272. 354, 361, 401, 418, 426,

428.
galleons at spoiled, 49, 96.
Spanish troops landed at, 237,

240.
governor of, 59.
Duperron, Jacques Davy, cardinal,

298.
Du Plessis, sieur. See Mornay, Philippe

de.
du Puy, Florimund, baron de Vatan.

175, 187, 198, 205.
du Puy, — , baron of St. Andre, 220.
Dtiren [Rhenish Prussia, German !

Empire], 99, 105, 115, 139.
Durlach [Baden, German Empire],

367. 376, 395.
Durnefeld, Mons., 218.
Dusseldorf, Dusseldorp [Rhenish

Prussia, German Empire] :

27, 80, 80, 188, 202, 272, 289,

316, 322, 389.
letters dated at, 3, 5-7, 9, 14, 22,

25, 29, 33, 36-7, 43, 45, 52, 61,

66, 71-2, 79, 87, 96, 99, 105,

108, 110, 114, 120-1, 125-6,

129, 132, 143, 150. 173, 190,

198, 203, 208, 212, 215, 222,

I )usseldorf — conld.

letters dated at — contd.

226, 231, 233-4, 241, 2.53, 256,
258, 265, 279, 285, 288-9,
293-4, 299, 312, 316. 322-3.
,329, 336, 347, 353, 355. 358,
363, 366, 372, 379, 381, 399,
415, 421, 429, 445-6.

conference at, 7, 13-4.

news from, 433.

protection against river, 17 ; repair
and fortification of, 323.

book published at, 29».

Lesieur at, 39, 55, 399; Elector
Palatine at, 373.

religious disputes at, 398 ;
counsels of betrayed to Cologne,
396.

chateau of, 443.
Dutch, Hollanders, goods passed with-
out passports, 361.

See also Netherlands.

E.

East Fricsland [German Empire], 30,
54-5, 136, 274.
pacification in, 118 ; troops being

raised in, 202.
count of, 136.

. See aho Christopher ; Enno

111 ; Rietberg, John, count of.
Kast India Company, the Dutch, 371.

, the English, 371.

East Indies, 179.

loss inflicted by Spanish on Dutch

in, 131, 161.
English trade with, 331.
cbonv cabinet, present of, to James,

" 305.
Echter, Julius, von Mespelbraun,
bishop of Wurtzburg, 5.
lends money to emperor, 3.54.
Edict, the. See Nantes, Edict of.
ICdiet of Pacification of 1577, extract

from, 450.
Edict, perpetual, of Philip le Bon,

424.
Edict, perpetual of 1579, 151 ; extract

from, 451.
Edmondes, Anthony, 244, 321, 337.
Edmondes, Magdalen, wife of Sir
Thoma.s. "(31, 68, 129, 161,312,
340.
gives birth to daughtei', 129,

131.
commissions for, 217 ; present
for, 220 ; gloves for, 322.

47'J

Edmondes, Sir Thomas, ambassador in

France : 9, 47, 64, 68, 77, 83,

93, 99. 161, 250, 253, 256-7,

259. 340, 358. 368, 373, 383.

447.
letters from. 11, 33, 128, 150,

156, 166, 176.

, referred to, 134.

relations with Boisohot, 8 ;

opinion of appointment, 12.
and Hotman, 10 ; entertains

Wotton, 15 ; and Peokius, 82.
has Italian arrested for wild

speeches, 15 ; Devic necessary

to, 101.
books desired by, 15 ; and a

hilt, 20.
advances by, 16.
negotiations of, 23 ; asks for

repayment of debt, 108.
and the Huguenots, 94 ; and

du Mouhn's book, 115.
men of Scotch guard complain

to, 100.
and Trumbull's son, 124-5, 130, 133.
Cottington dines with, 124 ; and

Seymour, 149, 160.
and disposal of oloth in Flanders,

130.
warns French of danger of

Spanish alliance, 151 ; proposes

marriage of Prince of Wales to

Madame Christine, 338.
Bouillon asks to treat for match

between princess and Palatine,

151.
offers condolences, 181.
suspicions of Berruyer,

Searle complains of, 293.
Beaulieu leaving, 214 ;

Benuyer, 345.
named for secretary of state, 266 ;

and Salisbury's death,

king's promise to, 333 ;

speaks graciously of, 377.
excuses himself from nuptials, 279.
ill, 309.
treaty of Wesel sent to, 310 ; goes

to Fontainebleau. and receives

queen's assurances, 320- 1 .
going to Brussels, 321 ; Cardenas

takes leave of, 417.
attitude to Winwood's advance-
ment, 333 ; and Winwood, 379.
and debt due to England, 337,

355 ; and Scottish guard, 346.
tries to hinder erection of Knglish

nunnery, 439.
• daughter of, 129, 141 ; christening

of, 139, 149.
sister of, 12-3.

193;
and

312;

king

lOdmondes, Mi., 201.

Edward Fortunatus, marquis of Baden.

440.
Eger. Erlaw [Hungary], Bassa of, 141.
I'^gerton. Thomas, baron EUesmere,

lord chancellor, 330.
Eghemiller. See Hegenmuller.
Eilshcim, Eglisemmius, Daniel Ber-
nard, 305, 346.
Eingime[Y], Edward, 161.
Eisen, Dr." Baptistc, 385.
Eisenberg, lOysenberg, Count, 371.
eland deer, presented by Brandenburg

to James, 406.
Elbing, Elbingen [E. Prussia, German

Empire], 438.
Elchi, Count Orso d', Florentine am-
bassador in Spain, 49.
Eloanora (de' Medici), duchess of
Mantua, 139, 172.

, condolences on death, 176.

Electoi-s of the Empire, 60, 114, 144,
190, 216.
meeting of announced, 74 ; want

assembly at Mulhausen, 80.
ambassadors of, at Prague, 74 ;
to confirm accord at Prague, 75.
meet at Mulhausen, 95, 102.
Matthias acts with consent of,
98 ; on election of king of the
Romans, 181-2.
meeting at Sehwcinfurt, 104.
and Palatinate, 112; and Aix,

125, 188.
Deuxponts admitted to fraternity

of, 167.
emperor tries to avert election
by, 202 ; emperor will commend
. Matthias to, 209.
emperor and Matthias may require

help of, 208.
at variance over election, 229.
and JMeuburg, 263.
archdukes send Furatemberg to,

273.
move to mediate between Sweden
and Denmark, 330.
Electors, the ecclesiastical, 248.

favour Bavaria, 70-1 ; favom-

Albert, 208, 257.
and Saxony, 215 ; favour .\eu-

burg, 448.
archdukes appeal to, to mediate,

274.
mission of Trautmansdorff to,

285.
do not like vicariates in hands of

Protestants, 288.
and election of emperor, 292, 312.

480

Elfsborg, Elsbourgh, Elserbourg in

Sweden : besieged by king of

Denmark, 310, 332.
Elizabeth, queen of England :

Rodenburg employed to, 67.
Aot of cited," 84.
debt due by Henri IV to, 148.
saw need of war in Flanders, 251 ;

money lent bv to Flanders,

412, 436, 450-1.
Elizabeth, daughter of James I, 363,

390, 394.
at prince's masque, 1, 2.
proposed Savoy match for, 25,

34, 52-3, 65-6, 108, 157. 170,

174, 176, 187, 197, 217.
Palatine suggested for, 25, 53 ;

slowness over, 94, 108; Ed-

mondes asked to forward, 151.
father's regard for religion in

marriage of, 67.
supposed suit of Neuburg for,

77 ; prince of Hesse aspires to,

130, 154«.
Germans neglectful of, 187; likely

to be settled in Germany, 277.
tallf of Spanish match for, 214,

221, 232. 245-7, 262, 264-5,

279, 331.
Bouillon to approach for Palatine,

249 ; councillors coming for,

256.
considerations touching marriage

of, 251-3.
embassy from Palatine for match

with, 275.
inquiry about education, 282 ;

marriage an affair of religion,

286.
received Bouillon, 286.
marriage with Palatine arranged,

297, 306, 310 ; his attentions

to, 390, 420 ; receives Palatine,

391.
jointure of, 306 ; wedding day

appointed, 396, 420, 444^;

contract made, 447.
godmother to Winwood's twins,

381.
Elizabeth, daughter of Henry IV of

France, Madame :
proposed match with Savoy, 19,

151, 176, 251 ; proposed match

with Spain, 65, 205 ; given

title of Majesty, 226.
performs in comedy, 110, 115.
to renounce all pretensions, 312 ;

preparing to leave, 321.
signs marriage contract, 353.
marriage of. See marriages

between France and Spain.

i Elizabeth, daughter of Maximilian II,
widow of Charles IX of France,
41.
Elizabeth Charlotte, daughter of the
Elector Palatine Frederick IV,
316, 324.
lOllesmere, baron. See Egerton,

Thomas.
Elliott, William, Enghsh soldier, 359.
Elmina, Mina, Gold Coast. W. Africa,

232.
Elmstat, colonel, 371.
Elsace. See Alsace.
Elsbourgh, Elserbourg. See Elfsborg.
Ely, bishop of. See Andrews, Lance-
lot.
Emden, Enibden [East Friesland,
German Empire], 76, 118, 357.
settlement with Oiunt, 94, 99,
136.

, count of. See Enno III.

emperor :

Sassello, a fief of, 135.
Anoel and election of, 329.

. ;See Charles IV ; Charles V;

Ferdinand I ; Matthias ; Maxi-
milian II ; Rudolph,
empire. See Germany,
empress. See Anna, daughter of

Archduke Ferdinand.
England :
1611 :

and Sweden, 4 ; Neuburg to visit,

101, 136, 143, 146.
French inclined to alliance with,

23.
gallants of less venturous, 31.
Mancicidor to deal with affairs of,

123.
suspicion of Dutch practices
against, 197, 206.
1612:

Dutch relations with less close,

232.
all things cheap in, 236.
France stands by treaty with, 243.
Denmark and Sweden come to

for money, 249.
menace of Franco Spanish match
to, 251 ; war in Flanders a
help to stirring plots in, 252.
archdukes' new coins may drain

of money, 305.
and Princes Possessioners, 324,
329, 421, 445 ; Aix and Mulheim
under protection, 336.
sickness in, called a new disease,

407.
king of. See Henry VIII ; James I.
princes of. See Charles, duke of
York ; Henry, prince of Wales.

481

England — contd.

princess of. See Elizabeth,

daughter of James,
queen of. See Anne ; Ehzabeth.
English, bad usage of, in Spain, 60 ;
released from galleys in Spain,
225.
refugees, in St. Omers, 59 ; num-
bers flocking to Flanders and
priests, 273.
renegades in Flanders, and cloth

trade, 62.
reputation for incivility, 131.
popular in Spain, compared with

French, 334.
troops in Denmark, wasted away,
344, 377.
Enno III, count of Bast Friesland,
count of Emden, 76.
and the Dutch, 4, 30, 58, 1 19.
appeals to England, 30 ; settle-
ment with Emden, 94, 99.
understanding with archdukes, 58.
Ensisheim [Alsace, France], 4.

and pay of troops, 20.
envoys. See under ambassadors.
Epemon, Espernon, duchess of. jSee
Poix, Margaret de.
duke of. See Nogaret, Jean Louis
de.
Bpinoy. See Melun, Pierre de, prince

of Espinoy.
Equilles, councillor of Archduke Leo-
pold, 42.
Erfurt, Erdfort, Erfordt [Thuringia,
German Empire], meeting at,
418, 423, 434, 439, 441, 443-6,
448.
Erlaw. See Eger.

Ernest of Bavaria, archbishop Elector
of Cologne :
and Aix, 115^6, 120, 125, 188,

203, 215-6.
Neuburg visits, 126 ; and Neu-

burg, 173.
and Salzburg, 171.
at Nuremberg, 182.
favours Mattias, 202.
ill, 223, 235, 238 ; death of, 241-2,
250, 259 ; burial, 248.
Ernest Casimir, Count of Nassau Dietz,

275.
Ernest, the Marquis. See Joachim
Ernest, marquis of Branden-
burg Anspach.
Erskine, Eskins, John, earl of Mar, 20.
Thomas, viscount Fenton, 16, 20,
28.
Escoman, Madame d', charges brought
by, 11-2, 23, 24, 34, 110; con-
demned, 113.

Esoorial, Escurial, [Prov. Madrid,
Spain], 111, 123, 141, 345.
prince bom at, 140-1 ; queen dies
at, 161.
Esguillon. See Lorraine, Henri de,

duo d'Aiguillon.
Espinay, marquise of. See Mont-
morency, Hypolite de.
Espinay, Timoleon d', M. de St. Luc,

211.
Espinoy, prince of. See Melun, Pien-e

de.
Essen [Rhenish Prussia, German Em-
pire], 5, 6, 7.
Essex, countess of. See Devereux,
Frances.

, earl of. See Devereux,

Robert.
Este, Caesar of. duke of Modena, 27,

157, 362.
Eston, Sir Edward, 435.
Estrtes, Fran9ois .4nnibal d', marquis
de Coeuvres, 365.
claims mastership of ordnance,

25.
lieut. gen. of the isle of France,
340.
Etampes, Estampes [Seine et Oise,

Prance], 340.
Etherington, Mr., 416.
Eu [Seine Inferieure, France], county

of, 23.
Eu land. See Oland.
Eustace, Edward, an Irishman, 200.

, letter of, 442.

Ewens, Rafe, 139.

, wife of, 139.

Ewins, .secretary, 365, 390, 393, 423.
exchange, bills of, 21, 123-4, 131, 139,
154, 170, 204, 374, 401, 407.

, rates of, 154. 165, 334, 402.

, cost of, 353.

exchequer, 47, 192.

shortage of money in, 9, 16, 21,

99, 106, 109, 168.
to be replenished by contract for

lands, 118.
officers of, 20.
Eysenberg. See Eisenberg.

F.

Paber, secretary of Neuburg, 395.
Fajardo, Don Juan, reported English

attack on galleys of, 380.
Falmouth, Fajrmouth, co. Cornwall,

132.
Farbushe, Mr., 429.

WU 1216

Down. 111—31

482

Farmer, Captain, 422.
Farnese, Alessandro. dul«> of ranua,
80, 120, 209.

, Ramiccio 1, duke of Parma,

362.
Famham, oo. Surroy, (sastle, 290.
Felz, Fela, seigneur dc, 112, 144.
Fenton, viscount. See ICrskine,

Thomas.
Ferdinand I, the eiiijieror, 75.

, Archduke, of the 'I'vi'ol c)f

Gratz, 95. 194-5, 248.

, , Jesuit intrigues with,

263 ; difference with Venice,
362.

, , daughter of. iSep Anna,

princess of Innsbruck.

, , widow of. See Anna

Catherina.
Ferdinand of Bavaria, coadjutor of
Cologne, 202, 261.
chosen coadjutor of Munster, 132.
inherits from uncle, 240, 248 ; title

questioned, 242, 250.
archbishop of Cologne, the Cul-

lener, 279, 289, 393, 446.
artillerv sent to, 282 ; going to

Frankfort, 289, 298.
invested, 298.

at election of emperor, 310-1.
at Nuremberg, 336 ; at Mulheini,

372, 382. .
sends to Archduke .Albert. 351.
attends conference at Hrulil, 405,

408, 425.
Neuburg seeks to be on good terms
with, 445.
Ferdinando, Don, 191.
Ferette | Alsace], 193.
Feria, duke of. See Figueroa, Lorenzo

Kuarez de.
Ferrara, Italy, 27, 287.
Fervaques, sieur de. See Hautemer,

Guillaume de.
Feure, Louis de, sieur de Caumartin,

Commartin, 93.
Field, Dr., 170.

Figueroa, Lorenzo iSuarez de, duke of
Feria, (Spanish ambassador to
France, 23, 1 99, 30 1 , 328 ; death.
225.
insolence of Parisians to, 340.
Filberto, Philibert, prince of Savoj',
380.
acts as godfather, 161 ; considered

as viceroy for Portugal, 184.
made general of the galleys, 1 86 ;
ordered to rejiair to his charge,
278.
generalissimo of the galleys, 400.
Filor, Mr., 298.

Kinale, near Genoa [Italy], marquisat

of, 98.
Finet, John, 394.

letters from, 127, 217, 238-9, 267,

285, 306-7, 386, 388.
Finland, expected invasion of, 436.
fireworks, new devices for, 102.
fishing with busses, 398.

{)rivilege confirmed, 332; king

decides busses shall be built,

412.
Fitzherbert, a heretic, to be burned,

180.
Fiume, Istria, governor of. mission to

Venice, 362.
Flanders, ftelgian provinces, Spanish

Netherlands, 43, 59, 90, 116,

123, 244, 246, 267. 334, 374,

435.
proposal to revive cloth nianu-

facture in, 62-3, 230, 236, 393,

plans for, 280.
Spanish measure to stop soldiera

from coming for pensions, 142 ;

money sent from Spain to,

186, 199, 391.
Spinola going to, business of dis-
cussed in Spain, 231.
proposal to change government

of, 232.
troops from Portugal for, 232 ;

Spanish troops sent to, 237 ;

fortifications inspected, 317,
heavy taxes on consumption in,

236 ; contributions from, 260.
erection of Scottish seminary in,

247.
French match to secure, 251.
war in, drain on Spain, 251 ; war

in helps plots in England, 252.
and opening of Schelde, 260.
undue transport of wool to, 273,

426 ; exclusion of Knglish cloth

from, 360, 425-6.
fear of mutiny of troops in. 278 ;

Spanish troo])s sent to, 300 ;

Spanish troops for, 380.
trade with, 281 ; proposed re-
taliation against goods of, 381 .
report of Spinola's instructions

for, 317.
effoi'ts to get contributions from

unsuccessful, 383.
Council of, 383.
Estates of, 230.
, money lent by Ijueen Kliza-

beth to, 412, 436, 450-1.
governors of. See Albert ;

Isabella.
Flatholm, Flat Howmes, island of,

Bristol Channel, 434.

4.83

flax, from Flandei's, 281.
Fleoklianinier, Fleehamber, secretary

to the Archdukes, 58.
Fleming, Vlaaming, Vlaming, Vlamink.
Arnokl. 359, 370, 373, 377. 387.

, proposes to found new order,

304, 348-9; Winwood's refer-
ence to, 352.
Fk'mings, brabanzons arrested at
Paris, 12.
making provision of corn, 77.
aggrieved by insolence of arch-
duke's officers, 425 ; much
pressed by continual exactions,
426.
proposed reprisals against manu-
factures of, 426.
Flemish reckoning, 169.
Florence, Tuscany, Italy, 420.

quarrels among English at, 117;

English visitors to, 362.
proposed match for prince of
Wales with, 276, 383-4, 428.

, Grand duke of. See Medici,

Cosimo II and Ferdinand 1 de'.
Flores Davila, marquis of. See Zuniga,

Pedro de.
Florida, N. America, 328.
Floyd, Flood, Ploud, Thomas, 181, 404.
" letters from, 137, 152, 193, 359,
378.
brother of, 155.
Flushing, Vlushing fProv. Zeeland,
Netherlands]: 47, 109, 1.54,
228, 352, 381, 391, 450.
letters dated at, 33, 56, 116, 123,
125, 131, 133, 138, 140, 147,
155, 170, 174, 182, 196, 201,
205, 207, 218, 221, 270, 274,
277, 284-5, 325, 330, 335, 376,
400, 419, 421, 434, 442, 445.
fortification of, 134 ; double

watches kept at, 291.
governor of. See Sidney, Robert,

viscount Lisle,
lieutenant governor of. See
Browne, Sir William ; Throck-
morton, iSir John.
Foix, F7'an9oise de, Mme de Candale,
abbess, 176.

, Henry de. comte de Candale,

176n,

, Margaret de, wife of

Epernon, 176.
Fontaine, M. de, 20, 39.

, M. la, going to Savoy, 31.

Fontainebleau | Seine et Marne, France]:
46, 52, 60, 65, 68-9, 72, 77, 86,
92. 133, 139. 15.3, 1.58, 172, 302,
308, 312, ,320-1, 36.5.

Fontenoy, count of See Cii'oy,

Alexandre de.
Forbush, Mr., the Scottish minister.

320.
Forbes, Forbus, .lohn, 416; letter

of, 413.
Forde, John, letter of, 413.
forests, disparting of, 9.
Forgatz, Forgatsch, Francis, Cardinal,
archbishop of Strigonia (Gran),
194.
Capt. Sigmund, 133.
Foscarini, Antonio, Venetian Ambassa-
dor in England, 296, 315. 443.
Foucaut, M., 395.
Fouques.' See Fuchs.
Fouquet, Guillaume, marquis de la
Varenne, French ambassador
in Savoy, .58, 72, 79, 110.
sent to Bouillon, 113; back from

Saumur, 130.
treaty signed by, 153, 181.
Fowler, Mr., son of, 190.

, Francis, 431-2.

Foyen, M. de, ambassador for Spain

to Denmark. 382.
France: 33, 56, 58, 142, 163, 167, 174,
229, 234, 257. 308, 315-6, 388,
392, 407, 435. 451.
and union with Spain, 261 .
1611 :
and Sweden, 4 ; inclines to English

alliance, 23.
and Cleves disjjutc. 7 ; Neuburg
to visit, 101, 136, 143, 147 ;
and Princes Possessioners, 203.
208.
and Geneva, 15, 19, 31 ; and

Savoy, 25-6, 34, ,54, 150-1.
underhand enmities in, 34 ; clouds

overhang, 129.
finances of, 34.

suspicious of Ruflfia's mission. ()2.
Coqueus' book condemned in, 66.
Matthias hopes for mediation of,

71.
wants Dutch to take over debt
to England, 102; repayment
asked of, 108.
Mancicidor to deal with affairs of.

123.
Seymour goes to, 127 ; EngUsh
visitors in, 145 ; Paulet's ser-
vices in, 146.
concern in, about Spanish

marriages, 133.
close alliance with Spain, 139 ;
Edmondes warns of danger, 151 ;
and Spanish match, 165-6, 171.
and Aix, 143, 150, 158-9, 160, 167.
17.3. 189, 190, 198, 202-3, 213.

+84

France — contd.
1611:

money hoped for from, 147.
pressing Dutch to repay loan, 147 ;

money to be paid from, KiS.
promises help about Montbeliard.

160.
sale of offices in, farmed out, 172.
Savoy proposes league with,

against Spain, 175-6.
relations with Turk, 182.
suspicion of Dutch practises with,

against England. 197, 205-6.
1612:
and Aix, 216, 222, 227, 231, 233,

322, 336.
offer to Dutch, 221.
urges ratification of Guterbock

treaty, 231 ; relations with

Brandenburg, 348.
mission of Spinola to, 231.
travellers in, 235.
stands by treaties with England

and Dutch, 243 ; Spanish

policy to separate from Dutch,

250.
regulation of coinage in, 250 ;

and payment of debt to

England, 337.
relations with Spain, 251-2, 286,

433 ; Spanish expectations fiom,

262 ; Spain wants defensive

alliance with, 368.
need to stir civil war in, 251 ;

great progress of Jesuits in,

384.
relations with Savoy, 251-2.
desire for English alliance with !

Palatine, 252 ; proposed corres-
pondence with ministers of, |

326.
and Montbeliard, 264.
desires peace, 269.
and Princes Possessioners, 324,

329, 445.
mission of Brandenburg to. 364,

424, 433.
contract with Spain, 373, 432 ;

Spain's dealings with, 375.
Lcsieur to act with ambassadors

of, 407-8.
jealousy in about secret conveyance

of extraordinary sums of monev.

433.
Admiral of, 104.
clergy of, 207.
chancellor of. See Erulart,

Nicolas, seigneur de Sillery.
constable of. See Bonne, Fran-
cois de, duke of Lcsdiguieres ;

Montmoieney, Henry 1, dvikp of.

France — conid.
1612:
Council of, 5, 15, 65, 86, 121, 129,

207, 386.
, won for Spain, 251 ; and

debt to England, 355 ; and

Richer, 357.
Finances, commission for, 216,

220.
fleet of, off Rochelle, 416.
king of. See Charles IX ; Henri

IV ; Louis XIII.
princes of the blood, 312.
, quarrels among, 7, 11, 338,

387; wronged bymarnages, 198.
trouble with, 199 ; claim share in

government, 220, 321.
, and king's marriage, 217,

243, 353.

, and the queen regent, 302.

princesses of. See Christina ;

Elizabeth,
queen of. See Elizabeth, widow

of Charles IX ; Medici ;

Catherine and Mary de'.
Francis of Valois, duke of Anjou, 451.
Francis, Father, alias of Gerard, 272.
Franciscans, Friars Minors, at Prague,

22.
sent to Ireland, 427.
Fran^'ois, Pierre, receiver of count of

Hoogstraeten, 283, 412.
Frankenthal, Frankendaal, [Rhenish

Bavaria, German I'jinynre], 342.
letter dated at. 418.
widow of, 396.
Frankfort, Frankfurt on Main [German

Empire]: 159, 233, 235, 281,

289, 313, 316-8, 443.
news from, 36, 310.
letters dated at, 292, 330.
diet at, 31, 188, 196, 202, 234,

241, 253-4, 259, 269, 275, 292,

295, 298. 302; election at,

310-1.
, archdukes order praycis for,

303.
fair of, 114, 134, 142, 441.

.pamphlets from, 273.

catalogue of books at, 179.
church of St. Bartholomew, 310.
Town Hall, 310, 319.
dispute of citizens with magis-
tracy, 327, 330, 340-1, 343, 352,

378. 396, 443, 446.
imperial mandate against, 340.
Senate of hostile to Protestantism,

347.
fratres mart3frisationis. Knights of

Martvrdom, a new order, 304,

349. '

485

Frederick II, king of Denmark. 285?i.

Frederick IV. Ekjctor Palatine of the

Rhine, 112, 158-9, 316m, 324«.

, daughters of. See Ehzabeth

Charlotte ; Louise.
Frederick V, Elector Palatine of the
Bhine, prince of Heidelberg,
Palsgrave, 5, 103, 126, 2.53, 310,
354-5, 358, 386, 393-4, 430, 448.

and the Cleves dispute, 15.

proposed English match for, 25,
47, 176 ; preference for, 53,
65, 197, 222; slowness over,
94 ; presence in England de-
sired, 106 ; Edmondes asked
to foi-ward, 151 ; Bouillon
appeals for, 249.

Matthias sends to, 1 52 ; attends
Electoral meeting, 241.

as vioar of the empire, 226 ; may
be king of the Romans, 291 ;
too young, 293.

objection to match with, 251 ;
reason for French advocacy of.
252.

and Aix, 253, 387, 389.

as suitor for Princess Elizabeth,
257, 275-6, 278 ; marriage
arranged, 297, 306, 310.

going to England, 260. 275, 363 ;
expected, 279, 300 ; expected
at Cologne, 364.

preparations at Hague for, 277,
294, 357 ; suite preparing for
journey, 329.

at marriage of Deuxponts, 291 ;
Saxony writes to renew amity
with, 336.

ambassadors of, in London, 313.

Schomberg going to England for,
329 ; preparing for P^nglish
trip, 330, 336, 356.

expected at Hague, 342-3, 352,
357-9, 375 ; expected in Lon-
don, 344, 349, 374, 377 ; starts,
370 ; at Mulheim, 373.

visits dukes of Wurtemberg and
Baden, 366 ; expected at
Dusseldorf, 366.

expected at Cologne, 367, 371 ;
expected at Mulheim, 373 ; one
of suite hurt at Kaiserswerth,
378.

ambassadors of, at Prague, 372.

Zuniga sent to hinder match of,
374.

at Wesel, 376 ; at Hague, 377.
381, 386; godfather to Win-
wood's twins, 381, 386.

Frederick V — coitUl.

passage, 388, 390 ; king pleased

with, 388, 433, 436 ; affection

shown for, 390 ; wann welcome,

392.
reception in London, 391-2, 395,

405, 407 ; lodged at Essex

house, 398.
at Theobalds with king, 411 ;

nuptials arranged, 414 ; terms

of settlement, 420.
hunting with the king, 417 ; to

receive the gai'ter, 420, 424 ;

receives it, 445.
with king at Hoyston, 433 ;

marriage arrangements, 435,

440.
attended Prince Henry's funeral,

436 ; 7'eturns to Lcmdon with

king, 440, 447.
will leave soon after wedding, 444 ;

marriage contract made, 447.
secretary to. See Dathenes,

Pierre.
Frederick, margrave of Anspach, 121.
Frederick, prince of Wurtemberg, 260.
Frederick Ulric, of Brunswick Wolffon-

buttel, the young duke of

Brunswick, 443.
Freeman, Mr., 183.
Freiburg in Breisgau, Friburg in Bris-

gau [Baden, Cerman Empire],

book printed at, 4.
Freiatadt, Freystad in Austria, 13.
French :

uproar against, at Turin, 93.
archdukes' deputies revile, 202.
bishops condemn Bicher's book,

298.
in Mayenne's suite, hated in

Spain, 334 ; Spaniards grow

more odious to, 357.
two sent to England under sus-
picious circumstances, 358.
ti'oops :

in Holland, 23 ; in Dutch service,

70, 76, 230, 321 ; terms for

continuing, 432.
serving Savoy, 29, 72.
Frias, duke of. See Velasco, Juan

Fernandez de.
Friesland, Friseland, province of

Netherlands :
quartering of troops on, 21, 48.
and Utrecht, 35.
sides with James about Vorstius,

206.

, East. (See East Friesland.

. West, quartciing of troops

on. 119.

486

i'risians. 34().

Frontoni, t'eic, 211.

Fuchs. Foucques, Fux, Fuxius, Dr.,

Saxon ambassador at Brussels.

4, 7. 58. 110, 121. 241. 418.
. Colonel, imperial ambassador

to the Palatine, 430.
fuel, invention for saving, 1 55.
Fuente.s [Prov. Bergamo, Italy], fort,

149.
, count of. See Azvodo, Pedro

Henriquez de.
Fulda [Hesse Cassel, German Empire],

31.
Fulgentio. iSee Manfredi, Fulgenzio.
furs, trade in, 183.
Furstenberg. count of, 220.

, , envoy of archdukes to

Electors, 273 ; their ambassador

extraordinary to Spain, 402.
, , the young, imperial

commissioner for Aix, 387, 389,

425 ; gaucherie of, 430.
Fux. See Fuchs.

U.

Gabri. Ci])rian, 177-8.
Gallarda, a dances 2.
Gallican church, 206.
Gand. See Ghent.

Gansnet, Franz, called Tengnagel,

Dennagel, Tecknaghel, Teg-

nage], Tennagel, Tenogl, 20, 38.

captured outside Prague, 36, Urn;

examination of, 42.
release demanded, 61 ; confession
of, 61 ; imprisoned, 68, 134 '■
released, 73.
released, goes to infonn Leopold,
396.
Garbescque, letter dated at, 270.
Gardterden, Henry de, imperial am-
bassador to Saxony, 103.
Garet, Mr., 420.

Garset, Gasset, Kobert, 154-5, 165,
169.

, Mrs. Robert, 154.

garter, order of the :

george of Henri IV returned, 8.
creation of knights, 64.
manner of tying, 270.
for Count Maurice, 294, 302, 305,

315, 371, 420, 424.
for the Palatine, 420, 445.

garters, 346, 351, 388.

Gaston, duke of Arijou, later of Or-
leans, son of Henry IV, 187.
performs in comedy. 110, 115;
ill, but better, 177^; death, 181.
189.
betrothed to Mile, dc Montpensicr,
187.
Gates, Sir Thomas, 44, 179.
Gaucher, of Burgundy, 23.
Geitekoflers, sieur dc, em peroi-'s envoy

to Rothemburg, 120. 122.
Gelderland, province of, IS'etherlantls :
quartering of troops on, 21.
and Utrecht, 35.
Gelders. See Guelders.
Gelwoldus. councillor of Bavaria, 255.
Geneva, Switzerland: 9, 67, 79.
letter dated at, 364.
duke of Savour and, 4, 8, 12.
14-5, 19, 23'. 25-6, 29, 31-4,
36, 39. 47, 53, 66, 70, 72, 122,
126, 153. 352. 356, 368, 444.
mission of La None to, 19 ; and

the Huguenots, 94.
and France, 19.
nieasures of defence, 29 ; aj)peals to

Dutch, 49.
James ready to help, 53 ; dis-
banding troops, 86.
Savoy stops commerce with, 129.
pastors and professors of, letter
of, 364.
Geneve, C. de, baron de la Bastie,

letter of, 270.
Genevieve, Saint, 93.
Genoa [Prov. Geneva, Italy], 98, 300.
bankcTS of discontented with
Savoy, 77 ; apprehensive, 261.
and fief of Sassello, 135, 139, 142.
finances Spain, 199.
a doctor of, 204.
merchants of, 186.
bishop of. See Spinola, Orazio.
George Frederick, marquis of Baden
Durlach, 241, 247, 265, 395.
at wedding of Deuxponts, 291 ;

at diet of Rothemburg, 304.
Palatine visits, 366.
Hesse asks daughter for eldest son,
375, 381 ; daughter wants a
Lutheran minister, 378 ; negoti-
ations for match, 385 ; arranged,
387.
attack threatened on, 440.

, , daughter of. See

Catherine Ursula.
George William of Brandenburg, eldest
son of the Elector, 173-4, 316,
363.
movements of. 322, 324, 353.
his fiancee, 324.

487

emperor s
Enalisli

Gcraril, Jolm. HJ., 257-8, 272.
Germain. — , 239.
German.s :

neglectful of EnglLsh match, 187.

delays of, 202.

Gernianv, the empire : 4, 6, 14, 21, 46,

58, 99, 136, 170, 235, 257, 272,

281, 385, 397, 420, 433, 442.

news from, 31, 86, 115. 159, 208,

238, 330, 352.
joy over troubles in, 5 ; danger of

civil war in, 13 ; quiet, 198.
Spain and, 26, 186, 215, 248, 262,

376, 382.
Savoy and, 26.
English staple in, 85
mandate excluding
rnerchants from, 196.
emperor can expect no help from,

98.
plague in, 134 ; Turks not in

arms against, 352.
ministers of, 152 ; vicarship of, iii
hands of Palatinate adminis-
trator, 226.
Union acts as censor in, 168.
Rudolph's death will make
changes in, 226 ; loss not much
felt in, 229.
Maximilian returns to, 227 ;

Austrian hold over, 230.
vicarship of, 247.
Ladv' Elizabeth likely to be settled

in, 277.
Henri IV and, 304.
and France, 320 ; Ancel's mission
to, 351 ; Spinola's journey to,
352.
correspondence between English

and French ministers in, 326.

importance of Montbeliard to, 338.

Spinola proposes league of

Catholic princes of, 382 ; will

suffer by Spinola's designs, 446.

efforts to stir princes of, about

Mulheim, 383.
gospel flourishing in, 384.
common policy of England and
Prance in, 408.
Gerritsen, Martin, sentenced at

Utrecht, 76.
Gervase, Mr., 28.
Ghendt, Lieut. Col., 42.
Ghent, Gand [Prov. E. Flanders, Bel-
gium], 90, 224, 293.
Ghomorrans. See Gomorists.
GifFord, John, jihysician of Prince

Henry, 451.
Giilpin. Madame Mary, l(i2.

, , letter of, 425.

, , hei- husband, 425.

Ginterat, Henry. 152.
Gipsio, Berlinger, bishoj) of Rimini,
papal nuncio at Venice, dispute
with Carleton, 135.
Gisberti. merchants at Constantinople,

359.
Giustinian, Justiniano, Pompeio,

governoi' of Linghen, 58.
Gladbach. Glabach [Rhenish Prassia.

German Empire], 393.
(jtlarus, Glaris [Switzerland], deputies

of, to Savoy, 39.
Glosel, Glozel, iSee Klesl, Melchior.
Gloucester, bishop (designate) of. See

Tomson, Giles.
Glover, Sir Thomas, j'^nglish am-
bassador at the Porte, 183-4,
447.
gloves, 161, 163, 413.

, Spanish, 312, 322, 365.

Goa, Goha, W. India, 421.

Goad, Mr., 218.

Godolpliin, Quedolphin, Sir William,

331.
Goes, Tergose. [island of Zuid Beveland,

Zeeland. Netherlands], 59.
Goiosa. See .loyeuse.
gold, value in Flanders raised by
king's proclamation, 242 ; rec/le-
ment for control of, 243.
Golden Bull, 143, 188, 255, 311.
Golden fleece, order of the. the Toison,
50.
Spinola admitted to, 67.
Goltaker, Captain, 19, 24-5.
Gomez, Ruy, de Silva Mendoza y la
(Xirda, duke of Pastrana, 257,
294, 301, 321.

, , mission to France, 328,

338, 340, 345, 350, 352, 357,
359.
, , signs marriage con-
tract, 353.

, , entertainment of, 353,

355 ; leaves, 365 ; back at
Madrid, 380, 384.
Gomorists, Ghomorrans, party of, in

Holland, 48.
Goncales, John, 360.
Gontier, Pere, S.J., 21 1.

sermon against Huguenots, 58 ;
censured, 60 ; sent to Lorraine,
92.
letter of, referred to, 258.
Gonzaga, Catherine, duchess of Lougiie-
ville, her sisters, 440.

, Charles de, duke of Nevers,

256, 299.
provision of arms, at Liege, 302,
310, 387; meets Pastrana, 345 ;
entertains him, 355.

188

Gonzaga, Charles de — contd.
quarrel with Conde, 350.

, Ferdinand, cardinal, 134,

177, 188.

, Francesco IV, duke of

Mantua, 263, 362.
, Margaret, diichesa of Lor-
raine, 93, 139, 153, 172, 177,
187.

, Vincent 1, duke of Mantua,

157, 362.
death of, 263.
Goodridge, — , 19.
Gordes, M. de, 23.
Gorges, Sir Arthur, 64.
Goring, Mr., 358-9.
Goro [Prov. Ferrara, Italy], 287, 362.
Gothefroy, book of, 122.
Gouldbergh. See Gullberg.
Gran (Strigonia), archbishop of. See

Forgatz, Francis.
Granada, Spain, Sherley paid from,

141, 162.
Grand, M. Je. See St. Lary, Roger

de, due de Bellegarde.
Grange, Granza, M. de la, 29.

and Dr. Barbarana, 157, 163, 176,

186.
secretary to Conde, 447.
Grange, Francis de la, sieur de Mon-

tigny, 105.
Gratelon, sergeant major of St. Jean

d'Angely, 329.
Gratz [Austria], 362.

emperor's brethren of, 15, 376.
house of, 214.

and succession to empire, 95.

, archduke of. See Ferdinand.

Graubunden. jSee Grisons.
Gravelines [Nord, France], great toll

of 214.
Gravesend, co. Kent, 192, 27(), 286,

299, 325, 391, 394-5.
Gray, Patrick, sixth baron, 93.

, a Scot, hired assassin, 297.

Great Britain :

relations with Turk, 182.

, king of. See James I.

, queen of. See Anne.

Greece, beglerbey of See Ali Bassa.
Green, Mr., 222.
Greenwich, co. Kent, 83, 221.

palace, letter dated at, 80.
Gresle, Peter de, 62.
Gresley, Walsingham, letter of, 338.
Greville, Sir Fouke, 314.
Grim, M. de, 418.

Grisons, Graubunden [Switzerland],
and the passes, 8 ; king of
Spain treating with for passage
of troops, 336.

Grisons — contd:
forces of, 33.
offer of Velasco to, 149.
and Venice, 262, 351.
Spanish intrigues with, 351.
expel Jesuits, 356.
Grisper, M., councillor of the arch-
dukes, 90.
Gritti, Piero, Venetian ambassador to

Mantua, 263.
Groningen [Prov. S. Holland, Nether-
lands] : 30.
and Utrecht, 35.
sides with James about Vorstius,
206.
Grote, Groote, M. de, 413.

archduke's agent in England, 59,

187, 339.
at conference about cloth, 236 ; to
accompany Zuniga to England,
317.
letters of, 268, 270.

, the greffier, 413.

Guadalosta, marquis of. See Cardona,

Philip de.
Gueffier, Emile, French agent at Turin,

157, 176.
Guelders, Gelders, levies in, 428.
Guiana, S. America, 271.
Guienne, Guyenne, France, 82, 93, 168.

, lieutenant governor of. See

Roquelaure, Antoine de.
Guinea, W. Africa, 232.

wrongs done to Dutch in, 161 ;
Dutch and, 232.
Guise, chevalier d(>. See Lorraine,
Alexander de.

, duchess of. See Lorraine,

Henrietta Catherine de.

, duke of. See Lorraine,

Charles de and Henry de.

, House of, members of, at

christening of Edmondes'
daughter, 149.
reconciled with princes of the
blood, 312 ; obsequious to
Pastrana, 359.
party of, Guisards, 33.
Gulf. See Adriatic Sea.
Gullberg, Gouldbergh, Sweden, 332.
GuUimore, Mr., 415.
Gunpowder plot, powder treason, 16,
59, 257.
Northumberland and, 109.
Gunterort, Colonel, 142.
Gustavus, Adolphus, king of Sweden :
Danish declaration of war on,
45 ; goes to relief of Calmar,
101.
a bad paymaster, has levies mas-
sacred, 49.

1.8'J

Gustavus, Adolphus — contd.

burns Christianoplc, 113 ; defeat

of, 125 ; defeats Danes, 342.
applies to England for money,

249.
elector's move to I'econcile with
Denmark, 330 ; would rather
have Dane prevail than Poland,
333.
crowned, 350.
Guterbogh, Gutterbock. iSee .liiter-

bog.
gutters, made of clay, invention, 223,

293.
Guyenne. See Guienne.

H.

Haddington, viscount. See Ramsay,
Sir John.

, viscountess. See liamsay,

Elizabeth.
Haga, Cornelius, Dutch ambassador

at the Porte, news from, 359.
Hagemiller, HagemuUer. See Hegen-

muller.
Hagenau [Bas Rhin, France], 444.
Hague, Hagh, the Netherlands, 20.
44, 47, 58, 116, 126, 143, 149,
205, 221. 235, 247, 253-4, 271,
283, 326, 354, 395, 416.

letters dated at, 1, 5, 11, 24, 29,
32, 47, 54, 69, 70, 76, 81, 94,
96, 101, 113, 117-9, 132, 135,
138, 142, 155, 167, 200, 219.
223, 226, 235, 241, 248, 2.50,
255, 275, 277, 293-4, 305, 308,
310, 315, 329, 342-3, 346, 348,
352, 356, 358-9, 371, 375, 377,
38), 386, 390, 392-3, 424-5, 436.

news from, 4.

assembly at, dismissed, 125.

Neuburg at, 147 ; archdukes'
deputies expected at, 197.

ambassadors of Possessioners at,
223, 424.

preparations for Palatine at, 277,
358 ; Palatine at, 386.

sudden death of Ehas Barnevelt
at, 336.

treaty signed at, 9m.

document dated at, 198,

paper dated at, 183.
Hainault, Haynaut [France], 318.

contributions from, 260.

Estates of, 230.
Hall, Hal [Wurtemberg, German
Empire], 174.

meeting at, 10, 22.

Hall, Mr., 421.

Halle, Hally. See Hawley.
Hallidav. Hallydave, Hollyday, John,
404, 406, 408-11, 423.
letter of, 403.
Hanibach, Ham back [German Empire],

115, 139.
Hambden, Sir John, 117.
Hamburg, Hamborough [German Em-
pire], proposed English staple
at, 85 ; staple removal back to,
166 ; reasons for return to,
196.
unwilling to enter league against
Spain, 343.
Hammond, Hamon, John, physician of

Prince Henry, 451.
Hampshire, Hants, county of, 106.

king in, 164.
Hampton Court, co. Middlesex, 20,
138, 140, 146, 166, 192, 266,
276, 290, 325, 374.
Hanau [Hesse Nassau, German Em-
pire], 354.
Hanau Mimzenberg, Hanhalt, Hanhot,
Hannau, Philip Ludwig. count
of, 256, 294, 310, 315-6,
emperor sends for, 134, 141 ;
confers with, 144, 152; at
Prague, 149.
emperor's reUance on, 168.
going to England, 257, 261, 266,
275 ; arrangement made with,
342-3.
ambassador for Deuxponts, 275,
297 ; arrives in London, 276,
279.
has first audience, 284, 28(5 ; dines

at Whitehall, 290.
ui France, 312, 321 ; death of,
354.

, countess of, 356.

hangings. See tapestry.
Hannewald von Eckersdorf, Anne-
vault, Haniwald, Hamiibalt,
Hannswalt, imperial councillor,
97.
arrested, 68 ; examination of,

73 ; confesses, 80.
Union asks for dismissal, 149 ;
at Nuremberg, 164.
Hanse Towns, Anzeatic, 329.
disputes with, 196.
and Mulheim, 270.
meeting of, at Worms, 279.
league with Dutch, 332, 357.
affairs with Dutch, 346.
deputies of, at Hague, 329, 342-3,
357.

490

Hniilcnradt. Hanlenraedf. .lohan.

burfioinastcr of C'oI(1).'IR'. deputy

to diet at Nuit'iiiljerg. 148.
j.'one to diet at \\'orins, 298 ; at

Frankfort about Mulheiiii, 310.

310: L'oing to Prague, 380.
Hardwillier. Pierre, rector of Paris

Univei-sity, 199.
Hai'lay, Aehille de, seigiieiu' de Saiicy,

French ambassador at the

Porte. 359.
Harry. See Ballam, Henry.
Harwell. vSir Thomas. 44().
Harwood. Sir Edward. 359.
Hatfield, co. Herts., K)6.

, lettera dated at, 30(i.

Haultain. Hauthano, Hawteyn, admiral

of Zeeland, commands fleet

against piratfs. 132. 138.
Hautofontaine, 329.
Haut<?nier, Guillaume dt'. sieur de

Fervaques, marshal of France,

365.
Hauterive, M. de, 417.
Havana. Cuba, W. Indies, 9(). 380.
Hawley, Halle, Hallv. a gentleman of

the Temple, 297, 300, 341.
Hawteyn. See Haultain.
Haynaut. See Hainault.
Havnum, baihwick of, 212.
Heath. Mr., 307. 306.

. Mre., 306.

Hebei'stein, baron, cam]) marshal to

Matthias, 36.
Hedwig of Denmark, « idow of Chris-
tian 11. elector of Saxonv. 10().

285.
projmscd Swedish match for. 228.
Hegenmiiller, Hagemuller. Eghe-

niiller, Hagemiller, Hegeraillei'.

Hans Kiiprecht. imperial ooim-

cillor. 51. 97, 144.
arrested. 68 ; released. 73.
Heggy, Heck. Hegguc, Conrad de.

councillor. Brandenburg am-
bassador to the Archdukes. 29.

61.

, .sent to Aix, 115, 120.

Heidelberg [Baden, German Empire].

37. 52. 54. 01. 103, 110. 152.

188, 2.35. 241. 261. 205-0. 280.

295, 315-0. 324. 343. 355. 373.

399. 407-8, 430.
news from. 203. 231. 2.54-5. 371.
letters dated at. 370. 37(i. 378.

386-7. 389, 395. 405. 429. 430.

433. 439. 443. 447.
jirinces of Wm-temberg and Baden.

at. 247.
assembly at, 250.

V,

de.
30,

Heidelberg — vmttil.

commi.ssioners of. and .-Vix, 279,

285. 289. 421. 423. 433. 438.

444. 448.
ambassadors in ICngland. 289.
preparations for Enalish trip at,

336.
jnince of. See Fi-ederick

Elector Palatine.
Heidelius. relciise ficmanded, 51.
heiducs. hevducs [Hungarian

fantryj. 133.
Helfenstein. landgrave of. I4().
Helsinghen. Helsingden. Henry

burgomaster of I'trecht.

35, 76.
Henning. count, aniba.ssador of arch-
dukes to France. 379.
Henri IV. king of France. 06. 251.

267. 304.
death of. referred to. 33-4. 86.

327. 415.

, commemoration of. 72.

attitude of archdukes to alxnit

Conde. 89.
and the edict of Xantes. KM) ;

appix'hension of Huguenots

.since death of. 130; and the

Huguenots. 395, 417.
protected Dansker, 1 09 ; Paton

in service of. 385.
money lent by Wurtemberg to.

145 : debt due b\- to Queen

Elizabeth, 148, 35.5.
and the .Tesuits. 206.
and Savoy, 250.
saying of, 289.

confessor of. See Cotton. Pierre.
Henrietta of Savoy. duchess of

Mayennc. Mayne. 157.
Henrietta, daughter of duke of Wur-
temberg, 21.
Henry \T11, king of Kngland. 413.
Henry, prince of Wales. 219.

letter of Trumbull to. 349 : letter

of Biuudenburg to. 405.
account of masque by. 1 ; queen

apjx'als to against Hochcster.

83 ; masque bv. with queen.

181.
count of East Friesland appeals

to. .30.
pmiMised Savo\' match for, .52.

()(). 253. 383 ; proposed marriage

with Infanta. 128. 165. 205.

251. 203.
tir.st suggested by Spain. 148. 428.
and (juarrel between Gen. Cecil

and Horwood. 83.
movements of. 100, 1,38. 164. 221.

2m.

191

Hoiuy, piiinf (if Wall's — ciiiihl.

piDjiosed marria^io to C'hritjliim
of France, 133 ; pi-oposed
Floruntiiio match for. 271. 27<i,
383. 42S.

to act for brother as Ailiniral.
147 ; sits in (Council, aa president.
155.

|)resent.s of duke of Savoy to. 217.

tiltiiifr. 221 ; loses a siipjK'r at
the ruiining, 27(i.

sculpture and pictures lor, 238.

reported going to Holland, 250.

suggested marriage with Maurice's
sister. 2,52 ; pi'oposed marriage
witli Princess Christine, 338.

Edw. Cecil represents at christen-
ing, 275 ; at reception of Pala-
tine, 391.

received Bouillon, 28() ; Zuniga
has long conference with, 339.

a good husband but bountiful to
merit, 333.

illness of, 390, 393, 394, 39t)-398,
4(K)-1 : death. 400. 40<). 41().
419, 420 ; autopsy on, 419, 451.

death referred to. 404. 413-5, 417,
420-1, 428, 430. 432-3, 439.

funeral of, 411, 414, 420, 433, 43C,
447 ; lunatic pretends to be
soul of, 414.

king of France did not mourn
death. 415; James gives away
liorses and dogs of, 430.

household of, 430.
Heiny, duke of Lorraine, 2(il.
Henry J I of C)rleans, duke of Lnnguc-

ville, 257, 348.
Henry of Savoy, duke of A'emours, 157.
232.

proposed marriage of, 93-4, 110,

150-7, 103, 170, 184, 186, 217.

Heiuy Casimir, of Nassau Dietz, 27o«.

Henry Julius, duke of Brunswick

Wolfenbtittcl, 97-8, 103, 112,

219, 275.

letter to, 00.

proposes agreement between
emperor and Matthias, 74 ; for
the emperor, 75 ; oifere prin-
cipality to emperor, 80.

insults ambassadoi-s of Silesia, 75 ;
not invited to coronation of
Matthias, 80 ; at Prague, 219.

president of Great Council of the
empiie, 1(H, 190 ; represents
emperor at banquet, 134.

Augustus of Saxony marries
daughter of, 205.

answer to Neuberg about Palatin-
ate, 223.

Henry Julius — coiUd.

at I'rague, 235 : Sj)inola dines
with, 307 : Spinola tries to
debauch, 382.
made chief of the Council. 254 ;

in high favour, 259.
dispute nith Brunswick, 340, 357.
Herbenstein. von, examination of

'Peynagel before, 42.
Herbert, Sir John, secretary of State,
330.

, I'hilip, earl of Montgomery,

180-).
quarrel with Ramsey, 269.
, William, third earl of Pem-
broke. 83, 197.
sworn of the Council. 148, 155,

104.
aims at being assistant secretary,
249 ; candidate for Master of
the Horse, 392.
shook the Spanish ambassador,

332.
waits on Palatine, 391.
Herenthal. Hereuthals. Hcrintals
[Piov. Antwerp, Belgium], 442.
seignory of, 230.
heretic, to be burned, 180.
Hermannstadt. Cibin, Transylvania,

137.
herring, wliite, 218.
Hertford, countess of. See Seymour,

Frances.
Hertoghe, Advocate, 228.
Hesrey, a Dutchman, 214.
Hesse [tiermau Empire], 14(i.

. Cassel [German iMupire],

landgrave of. See Maurice,
prince of. See Otto.
, Darmstadt [GJerman Um-
pire], landgrave of. See Louis V.
Hessen, Hessens, Mr., 250, 259.
Heugens. See Huygens.
heyducs. ^ee heiducs,
Hibach, a baptized Jew, 219.
Hicks, Mr., 349.

Higgons, Higgins, Higons, Theoj)hilus,
recantation sermon, 28, 31, 33,
56.
High Commission Court, 84.
hilts, 20.
Hobart, Sir Henry, Attorney General,

307.
Hoboken, Hobocque, Hobogen, baron

of. See Schetz, Conrad.
Hob.son, Mr., 154-5, 178, 239, 207,

277, 297, 338.
Hochfelden in Alsace [Bas Rhin,
France], 440, 444, 440.

4^92

Hochstraet. See Lalaing. Anthony

de, count of Hoogstractcn.
Hogerbeets, Councilloi', Dutch am-
bassador to Denmark, 101.
Hohenlohe, Hohenloe, Goorgo Fred-
erick, count of, 102.
Hohenzolk'rn, count of, count of
SoUern, Zollern, imperial envoy,
15.
tiees, 51.

president of the Heichshofrath,

354 ; and Erfurt assembly, 448.

Hoislens, Paul, burgess of Brussels,

303.
Holker, George, letters of, 222, 299.

paper signed by, 240>i.
Holland [Netherlands] Province of,
14, 33, 208, 335, 349, 388, 442.
French regiments in, 23.
and Utrecht, 35.
Zeeland's emulation of, 50.
JS'euburg goes to, 130; W'urtem-
berg's son passes incognito, 207.
in favour of keeping Vorstius.

206-7.
princesses of Conde in, 21(>.
Pensionary of. See Barne veldt,

John van Olden.
.States of, 70, 102, 325.

■, and \'orstius, 205, 235, 250.

, See also Netherlands.

Hollandei-s. See Dutch.

HoUyday. See Halliday.

HoUys, Sir John, 300.

Holy Ghost, knights of the. See St,

Ksprit.
Home, Sir George, earl of Dunljar, 10,

20, 28, 44.
Honora, Captain, 385.
Hoogstraeten, count of. See Lalaing,

Anthony de.
Hopital, Louis Gallacio de 1', marquis
de Vitry, Vitterye, 53, 82, 155.
dead, 192; funeral, 197, 220.

, , son of, 105.

Horneck, Johannes de, 370, 387.
Homer, Tristram, gentleman of
Somerset, 434.

horaes, 62.

of de Vitrj', burned at Canterbury,

82.
presents of, 136, 157, 192, 194,

202, 207, 275, 436.
hire of, 374, 415.
Horwood, Capt., quarrel with Gen.

Cecil. 82-3, 98.
hose. See stockings.
Hoskins, John, author of ,1 Banquet

of WiU, 250.
Hoskins, — , a Jesuit, 434.

Hotman, Hottonian, John de Villiers,
French agent at Dusseldorf, 4,
37, 40, 58, 66, 73, 79, 82, 86-7,
101, 124, 131, 134, 190. 213-4,
231, 322, 348, 353, 366.

, letters from, 3, 5, 0, 9, 12,

22, J29, 33, 36, 43, .52, 01, 71,
96, 99, 108, 121, 125, 129, 132.
175, 180, 202, 208, 215, 226,
234, 241, 253. 256, 205, 279,
285, 289, 294, 316, 323, 324,
336, 355, 306, 381, 415, 421,
446.

, , referred to, 447.

asked to assist at Aix, 102, 125,
143.

goes to Ai.K, 143 ; well received,
149; operations at, 175, 212.

goes to Cleves, 203.

letter to, 5.

son of, 36.

wife of, 3, 12, 61.
letter of, 46.
Hougaerde, Hougarde [Pro v. Brabant,
Belgium], letter dated at, 299.
Hough, Mr., 56.

Household, the royal, proposed econo-
mies in, 28.

, of the prince of Wales, 430.

Howard, Alathea, countess of Arundel,
394.

letter of, 347.
Howard, Charles, earl of Nottingham,
Lord High Admiral, 147.

to be admiral for life, 171.

as ambassador extraordinary to
Spain, 284.
Howard, Henry, earl of Northampton,
lord Privy Seal, 181, 330, 341,
434.

may be treasurer, 300, 374 ;
appointed treasurer, 414.

chancellor of Cambridge, 308.

matter of cloth referred to, 443,
447.

letter of, 443.
Howard, Theophilus, second baron
Howard de Walden, lord
Walden, 16, 33, 47, 56, 197.

made governor of Berwick, 28.
Howard, Thomas, earl of Arundel and
Surrey, 197, 347.

made knight of the garter, 04 ;
at Padua, 362 ; going to Italy,
447.
Howard, Thomas, earl of Suffolk, the
lord Chamberlain, 181, 197, 414,
434.
Howard, Thomas, viscount Biiidon,
Binden, Byndon, 32-3, 56.

493

Howard, Thomas, lord (later earl of

Berkshire). 398.
Howard, Mr. H.. 205.
Hudlestoiie, Mr.. 400.
Hudson. Henry, explorer, 147.
Hues. Mr., steward of. earl of Cumber-
land, 244, 259.
Hughens, Hugens. See Huygens.
Huguenots, those of the Religion,

Protestants, Reformed church,

47. 60, 168.
deputies of. 12.

at Paris, 338. 345, 351.
and Geneva. 19, 34; sermon of

Gontier against, 58.
general assembly of, 34, 58, 60,

64, 93 ; to be at Saumiir. 65.

69.
suspicious of Epernon, 87 ; loss

by sale of Bourg, 172.
and England. 94, 100 ; at Cologne.

114.
suspicion of. 1 00 ; false rumours

about, 107, 116; rumour of

war against, 122.
need for submission. 124 ; appie-

hension since death of Henri

IV, 130.
queen chooses deputies of. to

reside at Paris, 1 33 ; state

troubled about, 187.
Dutch ask, for Dumoulin, 136 ;

Bouillon has scant crcfiit with,

199.
commissioners sent out to satisfy,

157.
Mulheim a lefuge for, 188.
deputies of, at Paris, 199, 216.

220 ; dealings of regent with,

286, 295, 415-7, 432.
Spanish match a blow to, 251 ;

report to intimidate, 356.
assemblies of forbidden, 302, 379.
objection to de Coudray, at

Rochelle, 365; repoiied assembly

at Rochelle, 395, 448.
deputies of at St. .lean d'Angelv.

368.
.Jesuits hate Politiques more than.

384.
Hungary, 73, 209, 292, 330. 354, 356,

430.
upset by Passau troops, 15 ;

victories of Bathori in, 158, 182.
levies for. 204, 302.
proposed translation of Arch-
dukes to, 232.
revolt in, 254 ; fear of Turkish

designs on, 441.
diet of. 441, 448.
Estates of, 259.

Hungary — cmitil.

King of. See Matthias.
Palatine of. See Thurzo. Count
Emerich.

. Lower, 202.

. Upper. 140-1. 146.

common disease of. 238.
Hunte. Henry, 59, 60.
hunting, James with the Palatine, 418,
447.

. the wild boar, 418, 448.

Hustin, .Josse, letter of, 149.
Huygens, Heugens, Hugens, Hughens,
Christian, a secretary of the
United Provinces. 203.
mission to the archdukes, 189.
197.

I.

Ibaiia. Don Francesco d', gentleman

of the archdukes chamber, 317.

Idiaques, Don.luan de, consulted about

Flanders. 231.
Iglau [Moravia. CzechoslovakiaJ, 269.
Ignatius, Patriarch, miracles of, 202.
Imperial ban, against Passau troops,
68.
against Ai.\. 180, 188, 202-3.
against Brunswick. 182-3.
Imix-rial chamber, 367.
and Palatinate. 8.
a.nd .Mulheim. 339.
Imperial Council, 389, 439.
Indies :

Dominicans from, 79.
cause of quarrel with Spain, 251.
import of tobacco from, 282.
Indies, East. See East Indies,
indigo, indico, 183, 282.
Ingham, Mr.. 182.
Inn, Oenus, river, 43, 51.
Inns of Court, will entertain Palatine,

392.
Innsbruck [Tyrol, Austria], 211.

, princess of. See Anna,

daughter of Archduke Fer-
dinand.
Inquisition, the Spanish. 282.

seizes books. Ill : said to have
condemned Xeyen. 437.
interest, rate of. 334.
inventions :

for saving fuel, 155.

of pipes and gutters in clav, 223,

293.
fireworks, 294.

way of communicating by air.
at a distance. 375.

494

Iri'laiul. 237. 240, 428.

])lantation of, 9, 13, 30, 44. 237,

344.
baronets to contribute to main-
tain men in, 64. 82.
l)irates to be attacked in seas of,

119; pirates leavinji waters of,

138, 147.
king's enemies of, 138.
commissary's place in, 201.
Irish regiment ready t<i be sent

to, 236-7, 361 ; design of pope

and Spain upon. 427.
dogs from, 420.

, lord deputy of. 222.

Irish :

contribution to erection of semi-
naries, 127 ; farovehe in religion,

240.
gentlemen. 178.
regiment of, in Flanders, 236-7,

361. 429, 449.
troops, mutiny of. in Netherlands.

222.
Isabella, daughter of duke of Savoy,

proposed marriage to Nemours.

93. 110, 156.
Isabella Clara Eugenia, the Infanta,
■ archduchess, governor of the

Spanish Netherlands. 229. 258.
Col. Boyd recommended to, 80,

209.
])ropo.sed removal to Hungary.

232.
goes to Marimont. 281.
confessor to, 282.

. See alio archdukes.

Isen, Hannibal. imjK-riai councillor. 51.
Iserroels, .Jean Babtiste. letter of,

414.
Isle dc France, letter of deputies at

Saumur to Protestants of. 121.
Istria. 3(i2.
Italian ;

imprisoned for wikl sjieeches, 1.5.

gentleman. 238.

trade of silk in Flandei-s, 42().

troops. 31. 304.

. mutiny of, in .Ncthciiantls.

222«.
Italy, 31, 257, 270, 305. 4(H). 447.

news from, 383. I

supplies from, for Flandera, 7.
Savoy has few friends in, 26 ; \

need for friendships in. 251-2.
.Arostegui to take business of,

123 ; Spanish rejoicings in

over double marriages, 262.
alarm of war in. 135 ; proposed

league of princes of, against

Spain. 175, I

Italy — rontd.

pirates leaving Irish waters for,
138.

travellers in, 235.

alarmed by dispute between jxjpe
and Venice. 287 ; Spanisli
policy to preserve jieace in, 362.

galleys of, 379.

Jacob, M. See Chabo, Francois.
Jacobs, Philip, 407, 421.
Jagereyter. Colonel, deputy of Bran-
denburg, 386.
JagerndorfF. marquis of. See .lohn

George of Brandenburg.
Jame.s I. king of Great Britain, 59,

87. 118, 202. 2.54, 260. 287.

298, 309. 340, 344, 347, 349,

375, 384, 416-7, 428.
letters from, 80, 314, 34().

referred to, 87, 314.
letters to. 316, 360, 382, 425.

i-efened to. 322. 392, 397, 426,

452.
1611 :
at prince's mascjue, 1,2; receives

Laverdin, 13 ; Cartignana sent

to. 14.
dealings with parliament, 3.
financial straits. 3. 9. 28 ; making

economies, 28.
book of Coqueus in reply to, 4,

65. ()9 ; book of du Plessis

dedicated to, l(i7.
and Cleves dispute, 7. 77, 125,

203.
and the archdukes, 8. 51. 63.
reported excommunication. 9, 12;

and the Huguenots, 94, KM),
affected by Dunbar's death, 20 ;

and appointment of archbishop,

32, 44.
gifts to Scots of bedchamber, 20 ;

expecting de Vitiv. 53.
congratulates Wurtemberg, 21 ;

Rodenberg employed to, 67.
Geneva ajjpeals to for lielp, 31 ;

assurances to about Geneva,

(i6.
and affair of Espinov and Ligny,

51. 90.
and daughter's marriage. 53.
warns Sanford not to turn Jesuit,

56 : writ:es to archdukes for

Col. Boyd. 80. 120. 209.
Spain fears action by, 60 ; and

use of letters of marque, 85.

495

lanu's 1. Kil I — cmitd.
interposition needed
()3.

about cloth.

coneern for relifiion in marrying

(laughter, (i7.
I'renoh want Dutch to assume

debt to. 7t>-7. 102 ; asks pay-
ment of debt. 108.
queen complains to of Rochester

and Overbury, 83.
and dispute between civil and

common lawyera, 84.
order for administering oath of

allegiance, 85 ; Xorthumber-

land accused of slandering. 109.
and case of VVilham Seymour,

89-91, 97, 105, 127, 1 49, 166,

220.
Spain wishes to be on good terms

with, 9G ; badly treated by

Spain ab<iut match. 148. 151.
Scots guards in France appeal to,

KM); F"rance breaks day with

for payment, 148.
entertains Otto of Hesse, 106;

Denmark sends to. 132.
gives Dutch leave to attack

pirates in port, 119; pirates

decline pardon of. 138 ; insists

on execution of pirates, 1 70.
approves treaty of Juterbog,

132; and Saxony, 143.
movements of. 1.38, 140. I4(i. KiO,

164. 180, 187, 197.
and Vorstius, 139, 142, 148, 169,

171, 180, 182, 197, 205-7, 218.

221.
Dutch making plans to pay, 147 ;

Dutch ingratitude to. 207.
receives Boischot and Sherley,

148, 192 ; Boischot has

audience of, 166 ; and Boischot,

187.
Fiench desire for amity with,

151 ; French disloyalty to, 171.
and Denmark, 155.
icport of employment of French

commander by, 155.
W'nrtemberg appeals to. about

Montbeliard. 160; deals with

affair, 167-8.
Velaseo suggested match to. 165 ;

second Infanta suggested to,

1 ()6.
present of leopard to. 167, 180'

192.
and Princes of the I'nion. 167,

170, 208.
wishes Xottinghani to be Admiral

for life, 171.

•lames i, 1611 — conpl.

and Savoy ambassador, 180-1,

197, 201, 206; and Savoy

match, 187, 217.
and Aix, 193.
and grievances of Knglish mei--

chants in Spain, 197.
])resent of horses to. 201, 217;

Brandenburg's present of eland

to, 406.
1612:
warning to Spain, 221.
movements of. 221. 266. 276, 2tjO,

344, 397-8, 411, 414, 419. 421,

434, 436, 440, 447.
book against Vorstius, 228, 234-5,

239 ; effect on relations with

Dutch. 249. 282 ; accepts Dutch

answer, 277.
urges Xeuburg to ratifv .luterbog

treaty, 231.
and Trumbull. 234.
and the Irish, 236-7.
and Robert Sherley, 247 ; and

quarrel between Montgomery

and Ramsay, 269.
plunged in debt, 249 ; liberal to

those of little dessert, 333.
Salisbury to ask for an assistant,

249.
and Savoy, 250 ; inclines to

Florentine match, 27().
and Langeberg's pension, 258.
Spanish excuses to, about

marriages. 263 ; talk of alliance

with Spain. 274 ; informed of

marriages. 3()0.
and Princes of the Union. 265.

278.
named protector of Denmark's

son, 266 ; in mourning for

queen of Denmark. 286.
and Persian ambassador, 271 ;

appeal for Col. Boyd, 285.
decides precedence of baronets.

271.
favour desired for opening Scheldc.

281 ; satisfaction given to

about Voratius. 435.
advantage over archdukes in

event of trade dispute, 28 1 .
and daughter's marriage. 286.

306 ; reception of Heidelberg

ambassadoiTj, 289.
receives Bouillon, cost of enter-
taining, 286, 288 ; gives state

banquet, 290.
and garter for Count Maurice,

294, 315. 424 ; and Cleves

succession, 322 ; advises ad-
mission of Saxony, 364.

49fi

Jiimes I, 1612 — contd.

and Hawley, 297 ; stern justice
for Sanquhar, 325.

present of archdukes to, 305 ;
i-eceives Ziiniga, 325 ; enter-
tains him, 331.

b(H)k forbidden at Hague out of
respect for, 305 : relations with
Dutch, 325.

and France, 309. 310. 320 ; and
Bouillon, 320.

sends Anstruther to Denmark,
310 ; Dutch restrained by.
from attacking Denmark. 333.

all letters to be addressed to, will
be his own secretary. 311. 316.
327 ; firm about secretaryship,
323.

and Virginia, 318.

France ready to pay debt to.
321 ; negotiations for paying,
337, 353, 355 ; France wants
Dutch to pay, 432.

and Winwood, 325-7, 330, 333,
335 ; will not forget Edmondes,
333 ; speaks graciously of him,
377.

wishes ambassadors to correspond
with French ministers, 326.

approves Trumbull's answer about
treatment of priests, 326 ; in-
tentions with regard to eon-
cessions to, 327.

and Dalston, a converted priest,
331 ; objects to poisoning
priests, 341.

writes to Council about fishing
privileges, 332 ; meets Council
at Hampton Court, 374.

said to have refused audience to
Zuniga. 332 ; Zuniga goes hunt-
ing with, 339.

and appointment of secretary,
335, 371, 374, 420, 440; does
not want many offices held by
one person, 412.

Rohan writes to, advice to, 338.

iSchonberg to bring ratification
to, 342-3 ; received Schonberg,
354.

sends instructions about cloth,
346-7, thinks archduke's action
strange, 360.

warned of practices against him
in Flanders, 348 ; slandered
by one Fleming, 349.

service of John Wilson to, 363 ;
will reward good service, 369.

embassy from Princes Possession-
ers to, 364 ; they appeal to,
366 ; blames them, 446.

James 1. 1612 — ccmtd.

on suspicious characters reported
by Tnmibull, 387.

very pleased with Palatine, 388,
391, 433, 436; reception of
Palatine, 390-1, 405; hunting
with Palatine, 417. 447.

and prince's illness, 398, 401 ;
lunatic claiming to be prince's
spirit speaks with, 414. 417,
447.

treaty with archdukes, 403 ;
charges Northampton to look
into cloth question, 443.

will act jointly with France in
affairs of allies, 408 ; Dutch
ready to join with, 424.

greatly favours Rochester. 412 ;
hint at evil councilloi-s of, 413.

and the fishing busses, 412.

arranges for daughter's marriage,
420, 445, 448 ; presents to
Count Henry of Nassau, 43().

Brandenburg wants mediation of,
433 ; Neuburg's embassy un-
seasonable for, 437.

knights son of Bamevelt, 435 ;
and an Irish gentleman, 449.

in health, 444.
James, Sir Henry, 298.
Jaques, a courier. 77. 79.
Jaquet. 195, 204.

.Jeaimin Janin, Pierre, President of
the Parlement, Dijon, son killed
in duel. 207.

in commission of Finances, 216 ;
objects to Dolet, 220.

visits Pastrana, 358.
Jebusites. See Jesuits.
Jermine, Trumbull's man. Se£ Mar-
sham, German.
Jerusalem, Palestine, 440.
Jesuits, Jebusites, 91, 94, 98, 115, 117,
169, 215, 272, 294, 361, 373.
385, 387, 389, 422.

at Prague, 22, 26, 32.

dispute with University, 34, 176,
198-9, 206-7, 211. 2f6 ; feeling
against, 357.

and German affairs, 55.

in Flanders, ,59.

at Aix, 108, 115, 125, 129, 150,
170-1, 175, 189, 190, 199, 215,
423, 430, 438.

and the Dutch, 120. 271, 282.

plantation by, 13(i.

at Vienna for wedding of Matthias,
158-9; and Venice, 211.

expelled from Worms, 160, 170 ;
expelled from Grisons and
Valais, 356.

407

Jesuits — contd.

and archbishop of Salzburg, 171.

queen of Spain's legacy to, 185-{).

comedy presented by, 195.

and book of Casaubon, 211.

decree of Parlenient against, 227 ;
progress in France, 384.

and Venice, 203, 327.

and Douay seminary, 304.

and building of Mulheim, 383-4.

taken out of Spanish embassy in
London, 383.

enmity with Politiques, 384.

Throckmorton helped by, 434, 450.

, advocate of, at Paris. See

Montholon.

. general of, 207.

. See (lUo A.H., Baldwin,

V\'illiam ; Creswell, .laseph ;
Gerard, .Tolm ; Goiitier ;

Hoskins ; Lessius, I.^onard ;
Mariana, .luaii de ; Pareons.
Robert ; Scott, Robert ; Strange.
Jews, demand for banishment of. 75.

trading at the Porte. 183.
Joachim Ernest, margrave of Bran-
denburg Anspach, Marquis
Ernest, the Marquis, 22, 54,
110, 141, 174, 253, 358.

letters of, 29, 61.

goes to Berlin, 99, 105 ; expected
at Dusseldorf, 127 ; goes to
Cleves, 190.

grand master of the Order of
St. John of Jerusalem, 121, 188
emperor sends for, 147, 158-9
expected at Prague, 144, 152
not going to Prague, 148.

emperor's reliance on, 168 ; at
Prague, 211, 216, 219, 235; sees
emperor's bodv embalmed, 219.

and Aix, 202,'^ 212, 21b, 288;
Matthias sent to Dresden and
Heidelberg, 241, 255, 266.

holding his Estates, 256.

settling Protestants at Mulheim,
258 ; concern about Mulheim,
289, 293-4, 312 ; criticism of
Furstemberg, 430.

at diet of Rothemburg, 304 ; to
make tour in Brandenburg, 344,
348, 353.

sends deputies to Cleves estates,
312-3, reconciled with Leojiold,
336.

marriage of, 322, 376. 381, 385,
387, 389.

sent to ask help against Turks,
343, 352.

disputes with Neuburg, 372.

gf)es to Prussia. 430.

Wt 1210

.John. Don, of Austria, natural son of

Emperor Charles V, 186.
John Casimir, prince of Coburg,

Cobourg, 58, 204.
John Casimir II, duke of Deux Ponts,
the Administrator, 36, 61, 103,
212, 265, 389, 433.

letter of, 386.

accepted as administrator of the
Palatinate, 8, 70 ; emperor's
confirmation of, 112. 120-1,
126, 132.

commissioners of, at Sc^hweinfurt,
46.

Saxony's promise to, 54.

dispute with Neuburg over ad-
ministration, 74, 143.

Matthias lioi)es for favour of, 71 ;
attends diet, 98 ; at Rothemburg,
109.

married, 158-9, 289, 291.

at Nuremberg, 158-9.

admitted to fraternity of Electors,
167. 173 ; claim recognised,
241.

vicar of empire in interregnum,
226, 230-1, 233, 247, 253 ; at
election of emperor, 310-1.

troubled by Neuburg, 250 ; treaty
with James, 265.

and Aix. 258, 265, 288, 293, 322,
348. 387, 408. 415, 418, 425.
430, 437.

Hanau ambassador of, about
Palatine match. 275 ; and
Palatine match, 300 ; sent
Schomberg to England, 343.

sends deputies to Cleves estates.
313.

entertains Spinola, 342 ; hunting
the boar, 418.

a|)peals to Union and Dutch
against calumny, 376.
John Frederick, elector of Branden-
burg, 287n.
.lolin Frederick, duke of Wurtemberg,
Wirtemberg, 21, 168, 207, 395.

letters of, 215. 274, 337. 392, 397.

letter to, 264.

claim to Montbeliard, 46, KiO.
167, 215, 248, 260. 264, 274,
337, 397.

dispute with Soi-ssons, 145, 172.

expected in England, 197 ; treaty
with James, 265.

recognises Deiixponts as adminis-
trator, 241 ; Palatine visits,
366.

at Heidelberg. 247 ; .sends to
Matthias, 254.

birth of son to, 260.

Down. Ill— 32

498

John Frederick — raiitil.

at diet at Rothemlx-rii. 304.

. daufrhter of. See Henrietta.

John George, prince of Aniialt. ifio.
John Oeorge, of Brandenburg, marquis

of Jagemdorff. duke of .laiiers-

dorf, 195.
John Oeorge of Saxon\-. latei' l-'Jector.

45, 122, 202. '231. 234. 28«.

295. 299, 348.
courtesy to CoMi, 103: ColM sent

to, 109.
letter to emperor, 103 ; em])eroi'

sends condolences to. lOfi.
well disposed to emperor. 104.

108 ; competition for favour of.

lOfi, IK), 121.
and Mulhausen meeting, 122 :

to be admitted to Union, 134 ;

Union supports, 143, 198.
]irotest against admission to

Juterbog treaty, 12(i; wants

to know Xeuburg's attitude,

132; plain with .N'eubiirg, 191.
Zuniga going to, 1.34.
France and lOngland will support,

143 ; James will not dispute

title of, 203.
at Xuremberg diet, 158.
and claim to t'leves, 174. 204, 208,

212-3. 222, 322, 324, ,329, 3.57-8.

3(>4, 445.
present of horses for, 202 ; sends

decoration to Brunswick, 219.
fear of designs of, 215.
takes Archduke Maximilan to

Dresden. 220.
and the archdukes, 223, 320-1 ;

intimacy with Spaniards, 227,

355.
claim to Vicarshi]) of ertipire, 230 ;

candidate for the empire, 3o3,
Brandenberg writes to, 233 ;

desirable to give some content-
ment to, 253.
Matthias cannot hojx" for vote

r)f, 233-4 ; promises vote to

Matthias, 248 ; wavering, 292.
claim to Kavestein and Wvnen-

dael, 237 ; talk of k'vies for,

254.
and administration of Palatinates

241 ; writes to Palatine to

continue amity, 33f).
supports Albert as emperor, 257,

312-3 ; troo])s offered to, 285.
holding assembly of estates. 259.
christening of child of, 285.
and duke of Xevers, 310 ; and

.Spain, .321.

John (ieorge of Saxony — ciiidil.

at election of emperor. 310-1 :
talks big at Frankfort, 31 fi.

inilikely to act alone, but sym-
pathies dear, 323 ; practises
with the archdukes, 351.

transfers claims to Spinola, 350-7 ;
Sjiinola tries to debauch, 382 ;
efforts of Home and Spain to
«in, 384.

and Mulheim, 372.

will not have diet earlier or war
with Turk, 378.

urges Brandenburg to accept
award of Juterbog, 389.

mission of Lesieiu' to, 399.

and confei'ence at Krfint, 418, 423,
433.
.lohn (ieorge, coinit of Solms Lich,
.322h.

, , So])hia, daughter of,

marries Ansjiach, 322.
.lohn Sigismund, margrave of Brandeu-
bura, IClector, 43, 4(), 73. 105,
195, 253, 295, 322, 348, 395.
44(i.

lettei- of. 405.

and Saxon claims, 13, 15, 22 :
conference with Saxony, 33, 45.

agreement witli Saxony, 52, 54,
()4, ()8, 70; .Juterbog terms
not shown to, (iti ; Saxony's
death will not hurt, 100.

investitui-e by archdukes, 72.

disarming, ()(! ; at Cleves, dis-
banding troops, 72.

Xeuburg pro])oses to marry
daughter of. 101 ; good recep-
tion of Xeuburg, 108.

at Dresden. 115; Saxony on good
terms with. 121 ; writes to
Saxony. 231.

connivance with Xeuburg against
Saxon\-. 125; doubtful conduct
of, I2('i.

going to Prussia, 120, 143; wants
Dutch to send to Prus.sia, 132;
and investiture of Prussia, 173,
177, 193, 198, 202, 205, 212-.3,
220, 310.

sends to Xuremberg diet, 143.

commissioners of at Cleves, 143.

and Princes of the Union, 143 ;
treat\- « ith .James. 2(i5 : present
to James, 405.

received in .state at Warsaw, 203.

and Xeuburg, 211-2, 222: Xeu-
burg's jealousy of, 3(57.

l-;nglish and Dutch help for, 223 ;
plans to dispossess, 317.

409

John Sigismund — cnnl/l.

rejects treaty of Juterbog, 233 ;
desires mediation with Saxony,
322 ; and Saxon claims, 329,
3()4.

invited to Frankfort. 259 ; un-
Hkeiy to go. 275 ; ambassador
of, at election of emperor, 310-1.

inclines to Mattthias, 312; and
.Mulhcim. 372; and Aix, 421.
425. 430, 433, 44(i.

will stand upon treaty of Dort-
mund. 324.

wants to get away from Prussia,
but may be kept there. 352 ;
sends deputies to Prague. 38(i.

mission to France, 364 ; am-
bassadors of. at Hague. 424.

narrow escajje of. 372-3 ; in
Prussia, brother joins. 430 :
at Danzig, 438.

emjM'ror may declare against,
over .luliers. 380 ; inged to
accept award of Juterbog. 389.

and troubles at Berg, 390.

and conference at Erfurt. 418,
439. 44t) ; wants mediation of
France and England. 433.

livalrv with Xeubnrg. 443. 44o-().

and the Dutch. 444.

, wife of. See Anna.

, See alio Princes Po.sses-

sioncrs.
John William. duUe of Glcves and

Juliers. 39().
Johncs, William, letter of, 415.
Joinville, prince of. iS'ec Ijorraine,

Claude de.
Jonson. Ben, mascjue by, 1.
Joyeuse, Goiosa. Francois de. Cardinal,
proposed mission to Spain, 23,
25 ; affront to, at Rome, 134.
Juerjo de caiiax, 354.
Juliers [Rhenish Prussia, (ierman
Empire], duchv of. 238, 259,
304. 317. 343, 402, 417, 423.

and Leopold. 42-3. 5! : archdukes
and, 294.

succession of, 58, (>4, 70. 310. 364;
claim of Saxonv to. 216. 313,
320. 329. 364.

contribution to jiaN' off troops,
()(). 72.

treaty concerning. 42.

emperoi- and. 342. 380 ; emperor
invests Xeuburg with. 424.

Sjiinola going against, 344 ; may
be left alone, 348 : claims to
transferi-ed to Sjjinola. 356 ; to
king of Spain. 357.

Mayence speaks freely al)out. 351.

Juliers — conM.

efforts to corrupt subjects of,

382.
Spain will not meddle with, 443.
commissioners of. 1 75.
duke of. 116, 126.
See film John William.
Estates of, 3, 22, 71.
articles proposed to, 167.
Juliers, town of. 99, 105, 115, 139, 167,
223, 231, 367.
news from. 347.
restoration of, 7.
Xerestan refused to go to, 24.
.liilius Frederick, third son of duke of

Wurtembcrg. 207.
Just«l, M., 227.
Justice, lord chief, of the Common

Pleas. See Coke. Sir Edward.
Justiniano. See Giustinian.
Juterbog, (iutterbock, Guterbogh,
Juterboch [Brandenburg, Ger-
man Empire], 54, 95.
conference at, 33, 36, 45.
treaty of, 42, .54, ()8, 71, 115, 126.
143, 202-4, 259, 324, 364.
Schomberg takes articles of to
Holland, 66 ; Xeuburg objects
to, 87, 12.5. 132.216; Xeuberg
urged to ratify, 231 ; Branden-
burg rejects. 233 ; he is urged
to accept. 389.

K.

Kaegh. island called [Xctherlands|.

386.
Kai.serswerth. Keserswert [Khenish

Prussia. German Kmpire]. 376.

378.
Kankingk, Balthazar, 405-(i.
Kanther, Canter, Canther. Dirick.

burgomaster of Utrecht. .30,

35, 48, 76.

, . son of, 48.

Karlsburg, Carlenspurg [Lower Fran-

conia, Bavaria. German Kmpire |.

news from, 3 1 .
Kaschau, Caschau. Cassau [Czecho-
slovakia]. 141.
news from. 133.
master of posts at, 1,33.
Kasheim. See Kirchheim.
Kellison. Dr. .Matthew, secular priest,

304.
Keloys, lord. See Bruce, Edward,

lord Kin loss.
Kendrick, John. 179. 224, 269.
letter of. 399.

500

Kent, county of, 2()1. 394. 411.
Kentish men. .said to liave tails. 429.
Keserswert. See Kaiserswerth.
Ketteler, Ketler. baron .Jolin, (>(>, 395.
ambassador of tlio Princes Posses-
sioners, 445 : to Franco, 35.5,
358, 364.
in London, has (Icspattli. 394 ;
■icing to Prussia. 44().
King, John, bishop of Oxford, 47. 5().
bishop of London. 47. 5ti. 2(i().
331.
King's Bench, 287, 298.
Kinloss, Kenloss. baron. See Bruce,

Edward.
Kinsley, Herr, 144.
Kirehheini, Kasheim | Baden, German

Empire |. 2.54.
Kii'chmeyer, H.. house of, at Prague,

37, 41.
Kirkham, Kerkham, Kyrkham, R.,
secretary to Ralisbiiiv. 25. fi4,
309, 31 fi.
letters from. 87. 10.5, lt).5, 311.
Klesl, Clesel, Clessel, Gloesel, Glozel,
Glesil, Melchior, archbishop of
Xeustadt and Vienna, 14().
not an asset for Matthias, 75 ;
counts on reconciling emperor
and Matthias. 86.
acting for Matthias, 102 ; at
Prague, 152 : influence with
Matthias. 2.54. 348. 3(i7, 430.
at Nuremberg diet, l(i4 ; at

("ologne. 295.
Spinola confers witli, 367 ; high
ojunion of Spinola reciprocated.
378, 385.
evil reputation of, 370.
knights of martyrdom, fratrcs martvr-
isationis. a new order, 304, 349.
Knollys, Knowles, William, lord. 197,

330.
Konigsberg, Coninesbcrg, Kegismonti
[E. Prussia, (ierman Empire],
173. 266, 288.
news from, 373.
letter dated at, 405.
Kronenberg. Cronenberg, the Syndic of
Cologne, deputy to the diet of
Nurembeig, 148.
Kronenberg. .lohn Sch«cikard von.
archbishop elector of Mavence.
235. 298.
not represented at coronation of
Matthias, 73 ; for the emjx^ror.
75.
arch chancellor of the empire. 98 ;

courted by Xeuburg. 173.
and Aix, 1 1 (i.

Kronenberg — cortid.

fourrier of. at Nuremberg, 134 ;

at Nuremberg, 158-9, 182.
for Matthias, 202 ; for Albert, 292 ;

at election of emperor, 310-1.
recognises Deuxponts as adminis-
trator. 241 ; free speech of, 351.
and Xeuburg, about vicarship,

2,54 ; and archdukes, 348.
taking wateis at Spa, 327.
and Frankfort, 340, 443, 446.
opposes building of Hanau, 354.
Krumaii. Cronmau. Crumanaw

[Bohemia], Passauers at, 24,
40-1, 73-4, 78.
Kuickhoven, — , envoy from Aix to

France, 216.
Kiistrin, Custrin [Brandenburg, Ger-
man KmpireJ, 231. 288.
Kyrkham. See Kirkham.

Labarre, M. de, 271.

La Bastje. baron of. See Geneve. C. de.

Labor, ': Lalor, George, an Irishman,

422.
lace. 376.

La Chanti-e, M.. 397.
La Fay, 385 ; two called. ]jretcnded

'Picards. 387.
La H.'iye du Puis, gentleman of Nor-
mandy. 230.
Laitone. See Layton.
Lake, Sir Thomas. 290, 344.
addition to estate of. 139.
named for secretary of state, 260,

269, 305-6, 308, 335 ; all packets

t« be addressed to, 305, 314;

.seals taken from, 337.
expectation of secretaryshi)), 341.
letters from. 314, 326. 447.
lettei-s to. 452.
Lalaing. Antony de. count of Hoog-

.straeten, Hochstraet. 59. 283.

412.
Lamberg, (ieorg Signumd. tieiherr

yon, imperial councillor, 144.
Karl von, archbishop of Prague,

367.
La?nbcrt, Mf)y. Lunbre, of Rotterdam,

vice admiral of Dutch Heet,

132.
Lair.bcrt, a secretary. 169.
Lamprecht. Christopher. 152.
Lancaster, .lohn. bishop of \Vaterford,

240.
Lancastrians, 184.
lands, new contract for, IIS.

i"]01

Landshalto. M.. 371.

Langenberg. Laiigebeig, J.,aiighebert,

I^angueburg, Dr., Brandenburg

ambassador to the Archdukes,

29, 33, 54, (il, 120. 241.

sent to Aix, 115, 215; envoy of

Possessioners to France, 208.
suspicion of, 258 ; disliked by
Protestants, 293.
Langenzersdorf near X'ieniia, Langen

Enzersdorf [Austria], 140.
Langh, — , 313.

Languedoc, France, 107, 2(57. 321. 385.
Huguenots of, 157.
constable governor of, 379.
La Noue, Odet de, 19. 79.
Larache, Alarache, La Rache [Morocco,

N. Africa], 5, 16, 77.
La Hanice, Ramee, Colonel Laurence
dc, 42-3, 73-4, 193.
letter from, 6.
wounded at Prague. 1 8, 2(> ;

commanding Passaucrs, 22.
emperor disavows, 24 ; at Prague,

28 ; leaves Prague, 3(i.
tro<)])S of, paid. 35; suppresses

mutiny, 52.
reported capture, 3() ; Lesieur
taken for, 4<5». declared infame,
80.
raising men. 2()2.
La Roche Beaucourt. M. dc. lieutenant
governor of St. Jean d'Angely,
368. 395.
La Rochelle. Hee Rochelle.
Laro<le, Dr.. 399.
Lassellc, La.ssells, Mr., 101.

invention for .saving fuel, 155,
2<t4.
Ijaunay, M. de, steward U> M. de

Preaux, 8.
Laures, Charles, 293.
Lausitz, Lusace, Lusatia [Branden-
burg, German Empire]. 209.
disputes with Estates of Bohemia,
71 ; for the emperor, 75.
Lausitz, Xieder, Lower Lausnitz
[Brandenburg, German Um-
pire], 60.
Lavardin. sieur dc. <S'ee Beauinanoir,

Jean de.
l.^verson. young and elder. 449.
lawyers, dispute between civil and

common, 84.
Lay ton, Laitone, .Sir Thomas. 161.
Lea, — , in prison, .55.
lead, 295.

Leamer, Thomas, jjrophecy, of, 48.
knowledge of navigation bv
E. & \V., 48.
Lee, a perfumer, 322. See tdso Leigh.

Leege. See Liege.

Leer, l.rf^'ereoort, [East Friesland, (Ger-
man Empire]. 119.
Lefebre. le Febure. Nicolas, precepteur

to Louis Xin, 114.
Legnitz. See Liegnitz.
Leichtenberg. See Leuchtenberg.
I^igh, Lee, .Sir Henry, of Woodstock
Park. 28.

. .Sir Thomas. 140.

LeinsttM-. Ireland. 427.

Lemens. — , 12.

Ijemgo. Lemgau, in Westphalia [Lippe,

German Kmpire]. 149. 158-9.
Lemire. canon of Antwerp, sent by
Archdukes to the Hague, 282.

, Bartholomew, 10.

Lennox, duke of. See .Stuart, Ludovic.
Lenthe : 388.

Leonberg, Lewenberg [Wurtemberg,
German Kmpire]. letter dated
at. 215.
leopard, gatto pardo, present from
Savoy to James, 167, 180, 192.
ljeojx)ld. Archduke of Austria, bishop
of Passau, 20, 134, 305.
and .Spain, 7 ; and Juliers. 42-3.
and attack on Prague, 18, 26 ;
enters Prague, 18 ; leader of
Passau troops, 22.
and Matthias, 18, 50, 73-4.
emperor favoure, 28 ; takes leave
of emj5eror, 36 ; emperor ful-
minates against, 38.
Bohemian Estates and, 38-9.
« ithdraws from Prague, 38 ; at
Budweis with troops, 39, 41 ;
goes to Budweis, .50.
councillors of. mischief done by.
41 ; plight of, 42 ; military
escapade of, 56.
Lesieur taken for, 46((.
terms for disbanding troops, .50-1 ;
means to enlist fresh troops,
141.
sees dukes of Bavaria. 61 ; move-
ments of, 182, 193, 336, 397.
and Salzburg, 171 ; resigning

Strasburg. 182.
confers with Anhalt, 21(i; re-
conciled with Anspach, 336.
report about, 37(J ; Teynagel goes
to report to, 396.
Leopold, Archduke, troops of, Leopold-
ians, 6.
in Alsace, 4, 8 ; leave for Luxem-
burg, 20.
emiXTor ordered disbanding, 36.

, See also Passau, troops of.

Leques. M. de, sieur de Beitissiere,
Bertichere, 395.

502

I'runibull,

Enirlaiid.
3o.

417.

with

will

at

153.

Lorniii I Burgos. Spain |. 3S4.

, duke of. .See .Sandoval y

Kojas. Franfc'soo dv.
Ics Alinges. See Allingos.
Losdiguieros. duke of. .SVe Bonne.

Francois de.
Le.sieur. Lessieur. Ijeysure, Sir Stephen,
ambassador to (ierinanv. 32.
52. 120.
at Prague. 27 ; an.xiety about.
28 : leaves Prague and brought
baek. 3<). 4G-7.
possible suecessor to

27.
at Cologne, leaves for
39 ; going tt) Zeeland
journev of. 3!«>. 399. 407-8.

433.'
to keep in elose touch
French niinistere, 415 ;
find them sympathetic
Vienna, 44(i.
Lesslus, Ijconard. S. .!.. bcjok of.

1 79.
ijeuehtenberg. Leichtenberg. Luehtem-
berg. Cieorge Loui.s. landgrave
of. 8l». 97-8. 1(4. 144. 141), 210.

. . wife of, 144. 219.

, Oberst Hoffmeister von. 37.

Levant ;

trade of, 287.

merchants ask convoy to, 383.
levies :

in Netherlands, for Dutch. 48.
Sweden asks for, 49.
Levinus, Mr. See Mmick. Lcvinus.
Ijevis, Anne de, duke of V'eiitadour,

Vantador, 25<).
Ix'wenberg. See Leonberg.
Lewis, Thomas, alia-i Ap Cronowe, 22L

240.
Lewkenor, Lookner, Lutenor, Sir
Lewis, master of the Ceremonies,
192, 435.
Leyden [Prov. S. Holland,
lands], 48.
Liiiiversity of, 37t).

, , appointment

stius to. 139. 142, 180
Leysure. See Lesieur.
Libignv. M. de, 447.
Lichfield, dean of.

William.
Lidgones, M., 417.

Liege, Leege [Prov. Liege, Belgium],
42, 89, 91, 105, 123, 272, 294.
denim's to Ferdinand as bishop,

241, 2.50; receives him, 201.
engrosses trade in baizes, 280 ;
and Knglish cloth, 3()1 ; cloth
made In' wciikmcn I'roni, 42().

Xether-

of Vor-
. 221.

jS'ee Tooker,

Wachten-

Cieorge Kudiil|ih.

Ijiege — contil.

provision of troops at. 302. 310.
archdukes and. 304.
Nevere and. 387.
principality of. 242. 317.
chancellor of. .SVe
done. M.
Liegnitz, Legnitz.
duke of. 80.
Ligne. Lignv, Charles de. count and
prince of Arenibcrg. 314. 318.
3(il.
letter of. 339.
Ligne, Lanioral, prince of. 102.

James and affair of. 51.
Ligne, princess of, 102.
Ligon. .Sir William, of Worcestershire,

445.
Lille |\ord, France], 385.

erection of seminary at, 127.
jxTjK'tual edict decreed at. 424.
Lillo, Lilo I Prov. Antwerp, Belgium],

2(i9, 403. 401), 408.
Limburg. Lymburg. 202.
Jjimousin. Limosin. France. KMI.
Lincoln, carl of. See Clinton. Henry,
linen, from Flanders, for Kngland, 281.
linen pai)er. 3.50.
Lingelsheini. .\1.. .M. dc Lin. 288, 381,

3!K). 448.
Liiighen. governor of. .S'ee Ciustinian,

Pompeio.
Linz, Lintz [Upper Austria], 322.
Lipfx", la Lippe, Ly|)pe. count of, 149,

158-9.
Lippens, Ant., 403, 408.
Lisbon. Portugal, 101, 247, 379.
news from, 380. 384, 4(J0.
troo])s from, at Dunkirk, 237.
Fajardo's galleys from, 380.
damage by storni at, 400, 402.
Custom House, officers of, 240.
Lisle, viscount. See Sidnej', Robert.
Litton. See Lytton.
Livonia, massacre of French levies in,

49.
Lobkowitz, Zdenko Poppl von, Cuillam
Poppeeof Lobkhouets, Bohemian
chancellor, 112.
LiOck, Heni'v, an old traveller, 177.

, Ml-., 332.

Loire, River, France, 187.

Huguenots beyond, 187, 199.
Lombardv, N. Italy, 287.
London, "53, 92, 149, KiO, 1(19,
182-3, 213, 219, 228-9,
255, 272, 285, 2<H), 297,
.300, 350, 358, 3()l, 370,
374. 390. 421. 434, 447.

179,
230,
299,
373,

r,()3

<S'ee Swiniifiton.

union — roiitd.

letters dated at. 3. il. 13. Hi. 20-1.

25, 30-1. U. 47. -W. 55. (14. 84.

87. 98-0. 10(j. 108. 118. 138.

14(), 158. 102, l(i4-(). I(i8-!t.

170. 177-8. 180. 187. 192. 201.

204. 211. 217. 224, 233. 239.

249. 253. 2(i6. 271. 275. 278,

283. 28(), 288. 290. 29(). 298-9.

3(K). 305. 308. 323. 32(i. 331.

335. 338. 344. 374. 377. 38().

388. 390. 393-4. 39(i. 398-9.

407. 411-2, 414, 421. 432. 433.

440.
new.s from. 43().
and jjlantation.s of Ireland. 13. 30.

44.
priest taken in. 2()() ; C'atholies

summoned to. to take oath.

298.
cjuecn hovers about. 344.
Palatine e.\|)eeted in, 357.
Je.suits taken out of Spanish

embassy in, 383-4.
aldermen of, (14.
bisho]) of. Sec Abbot, (ieorjie :

King, John,
lord mayor of.

Sir John,
post of. 292.
sheriffs of, 84.
places in and near :

CharttrhoiLse, 1
28().

Chelsea. kin>;'s

t'ripplegate, 8(i.

Dorset House,
414.

i':s,sex hou.se 391, 398, 430.

Ksse.x liouse gate, without
Temple Bar, 174.

I'^xehange. Bourse of. 179.

the Fleet. 180.

Ciatehouse. 84, 180.

Grusin Lane. 422.

Highgate. letter dated at. 347.

Holbom, 181.

Bath House in. 155, 404.

Holboni Hill. 154.

Kennington, 419.

Kensington, 280.

Lambeth, .50, 84, 297.

, letters dated at, 257, 370,

387, 411.

Newgate gaol, 341.

Hatiliff'. Hatliff |in StepnevJ,
102.

St. Clement Danes, St. Clemans.
132.

St. Dunslans. Fleet Street. 28//.

.St. .lames. ,392. 414. 419.

197.

271,

283,

eolle

ge at.

194.

lette

r dated at.

F^ondon. places in and near — contil.
St. Paul's Chmihyard. 412.
St. Haul's Cross. 28, 31, .33.
Salisbuiv house, letters dated

at. 127. 207, 285.
the Savoy, 27, 421.
Somerset House. 398.
Ste])ney 287.
Strand'. 412, 432.
the Temple. 250. 297. 300.
the Tower. 10. 72, 98-9. 209,

391.
Tyburn. 32()//.
W'apping. 170.

Whitehall. 83. 100, 325, 331-2,
391-2. 412. 419.

.letters dated at, 51. 80,

89, 94, 97, 105, 100, 199, 217,
238. 240, 314, .320, 330, 337,
434, 447, 449.

, ])alace, masque at, I .

, , banqueting liall, 2,

28() ; state dinner at, 2iK).
Worcester House, 27.
Londonderry. Derry. Downederr\-, co.

Ijondondeirv, Ireland, 30, 44.
Ujngueval. Charles de. count of Buc-
quoi, 108.
at Paris, 152.

consulted about Flandei-s, 231 ;
going with Spinola, 245. 257,
2(>l, 203.
has the Toison. 2(il. 203.
at Paris, 302, 312: sees archdukes,
staying near Cambrai, 303.

, , son of, 203.

Longueville. duke of. See Orleans,
Henr\ IJ of
duehess of. See Conzaga, Cath-
erine.
Lookner. See Lewkenor.
Lofx-z. Diego. 19.
lords, nobility. pa.squil against, 3.
I.K)rraine, 00. 397.

Gontier setit to, 92.

ambassador from, at Madrid, 232.

duchess of. See Catherine of

France ; (Jonzaga, Margaret,
tluke of. See Henry, duke of

Lorraine,
piinces of, 182.
Loiraine, Alexander de, knight of
Malta, chevalier de Guise, 149,
257, 350, 447.

, Charles de, duke of Aumale,

93, 303.

, , Marie, wife of, 93.

, , Anne, daughtei' of,

93-4.

.Charles de, duke of Guis<',

II, 23, 187, 205, 220, 3(i5.

504

Lorraine, Charli's de — cviitrl.

quarrel with Conde. 23 : goes to
Provence, 65 ; back in Paris,
110.

at christeniiij; of Etlniondes'
daughter, 140.

to meet Pastrana, 34(J. 35() ; signs
marriage contract, 353 ; enter-
tains Pastrana, 355.

and Moisset, 368.

, Charles de, duke of Mayenne,

Maine, 25, 153, 157.

death of, 172.

, Claude de, duke of C'hev-

reuse, 149.

, prince of Joinville, 256, 350.

, Eric de, bishop of Verdun,

182.

, Francis of, count of Vaude-

mont, 370, 397.

, Henri de, duke of Guise,

149, 256.

, Henri de, due d'Aiguillon,

J'^sguillon, later due de Mayenne,
Maine, Mayne, 25.

to go to Spain, 1 99, 226 ; ambas-
sador extraordinarv to Spain,
278, 284, 302, 312. 319, 321,
328, 334, 338, 340-1, 345, 354,
357, 377.

, Hemietta Catlieiine de,

duchess of Guise. 187.

, Louis de, aftenvards Car-
dinal, 149.
Ijorraincr, in service of \euburg, 396.
lottery, for Virginia, 279, 307, 344,

" 398, 412.
Louis XIII, king ol l'"rance, 8(), 216,
220, 357.

plot against, 12 ; design to
murder, 68, 72.

Wotton has audience of, 1 9 ;
Savoy's lack of respect to, 62.

movements of, 68, 77, 93, 110,
115, 386.

attends chapter general of Dom-
inicans. 79.

governor of changed, 94 ; pre-
ceptor changed, 114.

and Savoy, 109, 176 ; and Saxons.
143 ; favours Matthias, 285.

marriage to Infanta, 113, 128,
133, 139, 150, 166, 214, 217.

letter to about Juterboek treaty,
125 ; and Cleves succession,
322, 364.

godfather to Bdmondes' daughter,
131, 139 : interceded for lord
Sanquhar, 325.

authorises expedition to Canada,
136.

Louis XIII — coiittl.

desire for quiet in minority of,
150 ; excitement over report
of death, 368.
and Wurtemberg, 215.
and entertainment of Pastrana,

341, 345, 353, 359, 365.
signs marriage contract, 353 ;
archdukes" ambassador to af-
fronted, 383, 393.
princes Possessioners appeal to,
366 ; will act jointly with
England in affairs of allies,
408 ; Dutch ready to join with,
424.
favourites of, disagree with queen's,

379.
did not mourn death of Prince

Henry, 415.
Brandenberg wants mediation of,
433.

, governor of. See Souvre,

Gilles de.

, preceptor to. See Lefebre,

Xicolas ; Yveteaux, Vauquelin
des.
Louis V, landgrave of Hesse Darmstat,
1 landgrave of Darmstat, 14-5,

I 22, 45-6.

and Frankfort, 340 ; and Erfiirt
meeting, 439.
Louis, prince of Anhalt, 265.
Louis Frederick, prince of \Vurtem-

berg, 438.
Louise, daughter of Palatine Frederick,
marriage to Deux Ponts, 158-9,
289, 291.
Louise Juliane, electiess dowager of
the Palatinate, 257, 356, 386.
447.
and son's marriage, 65 ; emperor
said to have asked hand of,
158.
Lou vain, Lovaigne [Pro v. Brabant,
Belgium], 95, 305, 415.
letters dated at, 327, 341, 374.
remittances for novitiate at, 127.
hotel de I'Emperem', 374.
Lovel, Lady, 217.
Low Countries, 388, 407.

Mancididor to deal with affairs
of, 123.
Lubeck [German Empire], news froTn,
342.
unwilling to enter league against

Spain, 343.
canal, 399.
Luc, MM. de, 350.
Lucan, Colonel, 73.

levying troops for Matthias, 80.

rA).')

LiK'tTiie [Switzerland |. 53.

deputies to Savoy. 39.

Savoy asks guanj IVoiii, Soli.
Luchteniberg. See I^euchtenberg.
Lunbre. See Lambert, Moy.
Luni Sarzana, bishop of. See Sal-

vaggo, Gio Battista.
Liirana, ? Istria, 3<i2.
Lusacc, Lusatia. See J^ausitz.
Lusjier, Ludovico, 14.
Lutenor. See Lewkenor.
Luthcraas, l.'iO.

in Upper Palatinate, 54.

and Aix, 173.

minister desired for Baden prin-
cess, 378.

dispute with Calvinists at Berg,

389, 415.

Liitzenrade, Lutzerad, M. de, envoj- of

Brandenburg and Neuberg to

Brussels, 3.

Luxemburg, 15, 20, 233. 281. 292. 3(»4.

letters dated at. 206. 213.

soldier.-* of, 99.

mustering of troops in. 2()0.
Luxemburg, Henrv do, prinee of

Tingry, 439. "
Luz, baron de. See Malin, Edme de.
Lymburg. See Limburg.
Lyppe. See Lippe.
Lytton, Litton, Philip, letter from, 170.

, Sir Rowland, 117.

M.

Maanmra, Marmora [Morocco, N.
Africa J. 77.
resort of pirates, Toledo chokes
up, 123.
Maas, Maes, Mase, Jacob, the arch-
dukes' fiscal, 59, 332.

, the Greflier, 59, 9li.

, , mission to the Hague,

101.
McCarty, Don Dionisio, letter of, 220.
McSwinney, Niell, 222.

Owen, letter of, 222.
Madame. See Elizabeth, of France.
Madrid, Spain, 111, 104, 204, 212, 319,
328, 338, 375, 380, 391, 417,
420.
letters dated at, 7, 31, 49, 07. 78,
96, 110, 112-3, 123, 140-1, 161-2,
184-5, 190-1, 214, 225, 231,
244-5. 261, 263, 265. 278, 284,
300-1, 313, 318-9, 334, 3.53,
360, 366, 379, 384, 4(.M)-1, 430-1,
438.

Madrid — coiil/l.

Digbv has ))leasantest house in.

140.
marriages ])roclaimed at, 249 ;

Mayenne at, 341, 34.5. .377.
Bernardius. 217.

monaste?y of.Jeronimo, 101. 184-5.
monastery of Escalzas, 264.
the Prado, 354.
Maes. See Maas.

Slaestricht [Limburg, Netherlands |,
204.

, governor of. See Werpen.

Magdalen, daughter of William \'.
duke of Bavaria, Leopold ma\'
marry, 370.
Magdeburg [Prov. Saxony, German
Empire], administrator of. See
Christian William of Branden-
burg.
Maggoli, 278.
Magnus Intercursus. ticaty of inter-

eoui'se, 301.
Maine, duke of. iSVe Lorrauie, Charles
de and Henry de, duke of
Mayerme.
Maintz. See Mayence.
Mair, Lieven de, 365.
Majestatsbrief. oontirmed, 182.
Malapert, Guido, 295.

, Louis, 295.

, Samuel, 212, 268, 295.

letters from. 177. 224. 271, 2S3,
412.
Malaspina, manpiis. 362.
Maldere, Malre. .Jacob van, 33.
Maldonato, Senor, S]>anish enviiv to

France, 353.
Malin, Edme de, baron de Luz, lieuten-
ant governor of Burgundy, 447.
Malincs, Mechlen [Prov. Antwerp.
Belgium], 62, 95, 393, 418, 429.
letter dated at, 62.
arohbishojj's court at, 303.
Parlement at, 230, 238.
Mailing, West, Town Mailing, co. Kent.

letter dated at, 404.
mallow roots' sticks, for cleaning teetli.

329.
Malre. .See Maldeiv.
Mai's sweetheart, 297.
Malta, priorship of, 105.

order of, 348.
Malvin. See Melvin.
Mancididor, Manciscidor, Juan de,
secretarv to the archdukes, 89,
358, 36("), 449.
Spanish secretary of State, 123.
Manderville, .Mile, de, 40.
Manfredi. Fulgenzio, one Fulgentio,
27.

506

Maiuitis, Sir (Jlivei-, 145.

, Roger, carl of Kiitlaiid. 2!)7.

300.
waits on I'alatiiU'. 391.
Maiisf'elt. a count of. 41.
.MantiiH. duchess. See Kleaiiora (dc'

Medici) ; Margaret of Savoy,
duke of. See Gonzaga, Francesco

IV ; and Vincent I.
Mar, Earl of. See Erskine, John.
Marbays. See Culos, Nicholas de.
Marcel, Dr., envoy of Neuburg to Aix.

279.
.Marchant, M., 425.
Margaret of Austria, (jucen of Philip II

of Spain. 2. 214. 251.
receives Digby, 9(1 ; expected

delivery, 123 ; beare a son,

140-1. ■
dislike of C'alderon, 140; bequests

of, 185-().
death, lot), l()l-2, l()4-5, 188;

funeral services for, 17(5, 189;

funeral, 184-5.
mourning for, 201. 22(i, 302 ;

condolences for. 305. 334.
Margaret of Valois, (|ueen of Xavarre.

at christening of Edmondes'

daughter, 149 ; signs marriage

contract, 353.
duel over woman of, 207.
Maigaret, jirincess of Savoy, duchess

of Mantua, pro}X)sed English

match for, 52, (iU.
Maria, daughter of duke of Savoy, 17(i.
Maria Anna, second daughter of Philip

III, suggested tor Prince Henry.

KM), 251.
Maiia Chiistierna, daughter of Aich-

duke Charles of Styria, talk of

Spanish match for, 214.
Maria Magdalena, of Austria, grand

duchess of Tuscany, 261 .
Mariana, Juan de, S.J., book of (ile

rege et regis institntione), 15.
Mariniont, Maiymont [Hainaut, Bel-
gium], 58. 63, 87, 91, 105, 274,

281-2, 303-5, 327, 425.
lettera dated at, 72, 153. 322.
Spinola at. 382.
Mark, Markland, duchy of, grant to

Possessioners, 72.
Estates of. 270.
Markhani, Sir Grifiin, 3. 22, 30, 43.

52, 01, 8], 101, 104, 110, 115,

130, 145. 150, 181, 198. 205.

212, 231, 258. 272, 285. 299.

345-0, 355, 303. 300. 413, 429.
with the Palatine of A'euburg, 5.

125-0, 132: goes to Ivssen, 0;

at Paris, Kid, lO.S.

Maikham. Sir (iriftin — could.

Xcuburg sends foi'. 13(); in service

of Xeuburg, 139, 241, 248, 272.

390.
strictly tied to Xcubing. 13():

i-egret about, 140; at l)us.sel-

dorf. 310.
spoken ill of cveivwhere. 390 ;

suspicion against. 445.
footman of. 124.
letter of. 353.
Marlborough. Marlborrow. co. Wilts.,

305-0.
Marmora. See Ma'anuira.
Marnix, Philippe de, seigneur de Ste.

Aldegonde. 34().
nianjue, letters of, letters of reprisal.

85.
Marquis, the. See Joachim ICrnest,

margrave of Brandenburg

Anspach ; Spinola, Ambro.se,

marquis of Benaffro.
Marriages : between Prance and S[iain,

102. 105, 215, 243. 287, 312,

387.
suggestion of, 23 ; anibassatlor

working for. 49, ()5.
alarm caused by, 133 : objections

to, 148.
discovered by Diabys proposal,

139.
suspicions caused by. 150-1, 189,

280.
Savoy's efforts to ujjset. 175.
and the Dutch. 177.
princes of the blood I'csent, 198,

217, 350.
amiounced in Paris, 222, 229, 249 ;

published in Spain, 220, 249.
Archduke infonncd of, 229 ;

announced to Dutcli. 235.
mission of Spinola about. 231.

257 ; James informed of. 300.
cithers considered, 232.
Savoy hopes ma\' yet be altered,

250.
preparations for. 25().
Spanish demonstrations in Italy

over, 2()2.
mission to inform James of. 2()3,

205, 331.
difficulties over contract. 328 ;

contract signed, 352-3, 357.
Ziuiiga casts slur on Salisbury

about. 332.
longratulations upon, 402.
Marseilles [Bouches du Bhone, France],

109, 385.
Maisham. (a-rnian, .lirminc, 411, 437.

letter of, 394.
Maitcii. I'.itlier. Iclter of. 097.

507

Martais, Mr.. 8(), !)2.
Marteliere, Martillieif. Picriv dc la.
advocate of Paris Univci'sity.
attack on Jesuits. 1!IS-!I.
Martincs, John. 41)7.
Martini. Liidovie, bi.shop of Aosta.

Aost, 131.
Ma,rymont. See Mariniont.
Mase. -See Maas.
masque :

by Heinv. inlnce of Wall's. I. 2.
by queen and prince, 181.
Master of the Ceremonies. <Vee Lewk-

enor. Sir Lewis.
Master of the Horse, comjx'tition fur
ottice of, 392, 420.
See aho Can. Robert.
Master of the Rolls. >S'ee Bruce.
Edward, baron Ivinloss ;
Phillips, Sir Edward.
Master of the Wards, 420.

, See C'arew, Sir Georj;e.

Masterton. »S'ce Mesterton.
masts for ships, earjjo of, 17il.
Malhew, Jlntthew. at \'enice. I S3 ;

arrived with rich cargo, 400.
Mattausen. See Mauthausen.
Matthew, Tobias, archbishop of York,

32.
Matthew, Toby, 68, 435.

at Paris. 12 ; seeking repatriation,

54.
letters from, 118, 254.
Matthews, Kuijene, bishop of JJublin.

361.
ilatthias, king of Hungarv, 42-3, 52.
146, 173, 227.
letU'r of, 60.

sends amba.ssador to Xuremberg
and Berlin, 5 ; informs Union
of plans, 24.
and Passau troops, 13, 17, 73-4.
78, 80 ; approacliing Prague,
29 ; entry into Prague, 37-41.
raising troops. 13, 18, 22 ; forces

of, 42, 61, 68. 73, 80, 112.
and Leopold, 18, 50-1 ; deceived

by nuncio and Spain, 77.
and the Bohemians. 20. 26, 37-9,

55, 57, 68, 70, 73-5, SO, 230.
and the emperor. 28. 36, 39, 40,
50, 57, 68, 8J, 86. 98-9, 102,
104, 106-7. 129; terms of
agreement with emperor, 74-5.
coronation of, 51, 56-7, 71, 73.

75, 78, 80, 86, 95.
sends to Wurtemberg and Heidel-
berg, 52, 61 ; Union grants
troops to, 57.
asks help of Brunswick and otliers,
60 ; at Prague. (i4. I>S. 70.

.Matthias, king of Hungary — could .

and crown of Bohemia. 70-1. 7().
144 ; Kle.scl no help to. 76.

ai\d election as kingof the Romans,
71, 75. 95. 100, 114. 147. 181-2,
188. 202. 208. 227. 229.

|iro]x>scd marriage. 95. 109; pre-
])ai'ations for marriage, 158-9,
172; marriage of, 194-5. 202.

Protestant party favours intrigue
of, 99 ; sends envoy to Rothen-
burg assembly, 120-2. 125.

courts new elector of Saxony. 106,
1 16.

negotiations witli emperor, 1(J9;
settlement with emperor, 112,
114. 126. 139. 208-9.

movements of, 112, 114, 134.

Dutch will not make accord with,
132.

and Silesia, 144, 146, 152, 172.

troubled by bad news, 146 ;
Bathori defeats troops of, 158-9 ;
anxious about Hungary, 182.

sent Ginterat to Heidelberg, 152 ;
Klesel for, at diet, 164.

proix)sal to depose emperor in
favour of, 151 : emjieror has
no love for, 190-1.

grant of Bohemian Estates to,
152, 160.

and princes of the Union, 1()8.

Zuniga recommends to Klectoi's,
190; canvassing for, 216.

levies for against Bathfiri, 204.

and Xcuburg. 204. 253.

informed of cmfx-ror's death, 219 ;
exjx'cted at Prague, 223, 265.

presents to mother in law, 219.

election of to empire, steps to,
232-5, 245, 248, 264, 284, 291-2,
302-3, 312; without a com-
petitor, 279.

desired as emperor by Protestants,
233 ; sends Anspach to Heidel-
berg, 255, 266.

answer to Xeuburg ambassador,
235; makes Xeuburg vicar, 241.

embassy of Solre to, 238.

treating with prince of Transyl-
vania, 238 ; needed at Estates
of Austria, 254.

suffering from gout, 254. 269 ;
reported dangerously sick, 278.

levies fresh troops. 259.

and the S])aniards, 262 ; French
supjwrt for, 312.

archdukes reeonnnend to elector's,
274; mi.ssion of Viseonti to, 282.

Xeuliurg goes to see. 288.

r)0,s

Matthias, king of Huiijjarv — aiDtjI. '

pact with Albert, 288, 294, 299,

3(J4; going to Frankfort, 289,

292, 298 ; chosen emperor, 313-5,

317.
and Mulheim, 293.
account of election, 310-1 ;

crowned, 319.
the eniix-ror: 342, .390, 39(1, 451.
archdukes send to congratulate,

317 ; at work in inijierial

chamber, 367.
and Mulheim, 320, 322, 327, 329,

331, 336, 340, 347, 367, 372,

376-8, 381, 386-7, 399, 407,

446.
and Saxony, 322, 324.
movements of, 330, 408, 430,

448 ; ill, 367 : to winter at

Prague, 381.
Spinola to learn plans of, from

Zuniga, 336 : objects of

Spinolas visit to, ,348, 408 ;

Spinola has audience of, 372,

378.
and Frankfort, 340, 446; and Aix,

.347, 378.
wants diet to get money against

Turks, 343, 378 ; Spinola wants

to make war on Turks, 367.
hkely to introduce Catholic regime,

344 ; accused of being too

affectionate to Protestants, 351.
Ancel and election of, 351 ; ruled

by Klesel, 367, 430; domestic

council bad, 384.
and estates. 354; wants In renew

war with Turk. 378 ; Austiians

grant money to, 389.
Princes Possessionera send to,

366 ; expected to declare self

about .Juliers, 380.
desire to anticipate diet resisted,

378 ; wants diet at Ratisbon,

423.
present to Spinola, who offers to

serve, 382 ; Spinola gets

promise from for Albert, 39(J.
agreement with Maximihan about

inheritance, 282.
at loggerheads with estates of

Bohemia, 393 ; war with Turks

apprehended, 441.
commissioners of at Cologne, 408 ;

at Aix, 429, 430, 438, 444, 446,

448.
ambassadors of Possessioners have

audience of, 408, 417 ; Xcuburg

builds much on, 445.
proposals about Aix, 423, 438 ;

and Aix, 425, 430.

Matthias, king of Hungary — could.

gives investiture of Cleves to

Neuburg, 424 ; favours Neu-

burg, 448.
no instructions from for Krfurt,

439, 448.
Sultan has army ready to attack,

442 ; calls for aid against

Turks, 442-3.
taking his ease at Vieima. 448.
Maturino, 20.
Maurice, landgrave of Hesse Cassel,

landgrave of Cassel, 7, 10, 15,

22, 45-6, 115-6, 121, 164, 197.
letter of, 164.
letter to, 188.
confers with Elector Palatine,

6, 6.
meeting with Neuburg, 72.
emperor's envoy to Electors, 95,

99; re]:x)rted jxjisoned, 158.
and Aix, 129, 295.
and Munster, 132, 242 ; and

Lemgo, 149.
secretary of, at Dusseldorf, 132 ;

ambassadors of, at Prague, 372.
thanks Trumbull, 154 ; treaty

with James, 265.
and Count Ridberg, 274. 282.
and diet at Kothemburg, 304.
asks for Baden's daughter, for

son, 37(), 381 ; will not allow

her Lutheran minister, 378.
negotiations for match, 385 :

arranged, 387.
and Erfurt meeting, 439.
son of. iS'ce Otto.
Maurice, Count. »S'ee Nassau, .Maiu'ice

of.
Mauthausen, Mattausen [ Upper

Austria], 17.
Maxile. See Maxwell.
Maximilian 11, emperor. 4b(, 75, 208.
, archduke of Austria, 194-5.

216, 219, 231, 367.
visit to Bmssels, 216, 220, 223,

230 ; returns to Germany, 227.
favours Matthias, 227.
movements of, 233, 235.
prisoner with gout, 233.
administrator visits, 241.
envoy from, at Brussels, 281, 289.
agreement with emperor about

inheritance, 382.
Austria grants money to, 389.
ambassador from at Brussels, 425.
Maximilian, duke of Bavaria, 43. 233.

255.
Leopold sees, 60 ; as])ires to be

king of the Romans, 70-1.

509

Maximilian, duke of Bavaria — contd.
dispute with archbishop of Salz-
burg, 160, 171. 182.
keepinw forces together, 2.59.
at Nuremberi;, ."JSfi.
l^eopold to marrv daughter of,

370.
and Neuburg, 44.').
Maxwell, Maxile, a gentleman usher,

297. 306, 341.
May, Maye, Humfrey, referendary of
Irish causes, 139.

,.rohn. 169.

Mayence, Maintz, | German Empire] :
ambassadors of, at Prague, 73.
deputies of. letter of Matthias
to, 60.
book printed at, 211.
assembly of ecclesiastics at, 279.
archbishop elector of. See Kron-
enberg, .John Schweikard von.
Ma3'enne, Mayno, duke of. See Lor-
raine, Charles de, and Henrj' de.
duchess of. See Henrietta of
Savoy.
Mayeme, Marin, Theodore, alias Tur-
quet, physician, the French
doctor :
treats Salisburv, 249 ; and Prince
Henry, 401," 451.
Mayn, Mr., 447.
Mechlen. See Malines.
Medici, Catherine de', queen mother

of France. 151.
Medici, Catherine de', second sister of
Cosimo II, proposed marriage to
prince of Wales. 271, 279,
338-9 ; broken off, 383-4.
Medici, Cosimo II de'. Grand Duke of
Tuscany, duke of Florence,
pirates going to ports of, 138.
proposed Savoy match for sister

of, 151, 176.'
proposal for Prince Henry to

marry sister of, 271, 279, 338.
proposal for king of Spain to
marry sister of, 278.
Medici, Ferdinand I de', Ctrand Duke

of Tuscany, 271.
Medici, Mary de', queen regent of
France, 46, 129. 251.
1611:

and Germany, 5 ; and the pope,

II.
and the princes, 1 1 . 220 : cost to
of bribing grandees. 34 ; and
Conde, 65, 94, 177.
plots against, 12 ; children of, 72.
and Savoy, 15, 53, 58, 72, 79,
151, 220; warning about
(^neva. 29.

Medici. Mary de', 1611 — cnntd.

W'otton has audience of, 9 ; god-
mother to Edmondes' daughter,
131. 139.

and Bouillon. 23, 79; letter of
Sullv to, 50 ; and Sullv, 69.
79. ■

and the Sorbonne, 34 ; and book
of Coqueus, 69.

and .luliers, 58.

and the Huguenot assemblv. 65,

69, 79. 86. 92. 94, 100, 104, 110.
113, 115. 117. 121. 124. 130,
133-4. 137. 157.

movements of. 68, 72, 77, 93,

110, 115, 133, 172.
and anniversary of death of

husband, 72.
continues troops in Dutch .service,

70, 77-8.

and the Dutch, 76-8, 147.
attends chapter general of

Dominicans, 79.

and Savov Nemours match, 93.

i 110, 157. 176. 232 ; and duchess

j of Lorraine, 153. 172. 177, 187.

Prince.s of the Union send to, 145.

great power in managing country,

161 ; and government of Bourg,

172.

] startled about plan to depose

I emperor, 151.

defaults in ])ayment to .James.

148 ; farms out sale of offices,

172.
appeal to, about Montbeliard. KiO ;

makes much of Bouillon. 199.
and the Spanish match, 16(5.
and Vatan. 175, 198; and Kicher,

302.
mission of condolence to, 17().
dealings with Huguenots, 187.

199, 216. 286.
and queen of Spain's death, 188.
1612:

and Wurtemberg claim to Mont-
beliard, 215; favours Matthias.

285.
letter to the archdukes about

Aix, 216.
announces double marriages, 222,

229 ; Spain counts on good

wUl, 232.
and Aix, 233 ; receives deputy of

Aix, 235.
efforts to apix'ase Soissons, 256.
sends \'end6me to Rome, 257 ;

and Lesdiguieres, 329, 353.
difference with Rohan, 276, 286,

338, 415; and princes, .302.

321, .34.5, ,351, 36,5.

510

Medici, Mary de' Hil2 — c<mtil.

and the Jesuits, 283 ; and the

Huguenots, 345. 39o, 415-7.

432, 448.
sends Ancel to Princes of the

Union, 295.
protests amity for Kngland, 300 ;

answers given bv to Edmondes,

320-1.
])resent of Spanish envoys to, 312.
readj- to satisfy .James for debt,

321.
interceded for Sanquhar. 325 :

stays Bouillon for negotiation,

341.
.sends Puysieux to Spain about

marriages, 328 ; and reception

of Pastrana, .341. 345, 3,50,

3.53, 357, 359. 365.
and the Parlement. 338 ; and

knights of St. Ksprit, 439.
prevents duel, 351 ; movements

of, 355, 386.
signs marriage contract, 353 ;

archdukes' congratulations to,

383.
sends troops to Brittany, 357 ;

reconsiders matter, 305 ; re-
serves government of Nor-
mandy, 388. 394.
and Princes Possessioners, 364.
i-eported design against, 365, 378.
favourites of disagi'cc with king's,

379 ; and C'oncini. 3iH.
letter sent to about Xevers. at

Liege, 387.
sends tiT)op,s to Beam. 417.
will continue to jiav regiments in

Holland. 432.
, ainionei' of. See Bonzi,

.John IV de. bishop of Beziers.
Medina Sidonia. duke of. See Perez

de Guzman, Alonso.
Medman. See Mettmann.
Meganu. siciu' de, 74.
Mckaw. baron de, 40.
Melun. Pierre de, piince of l-'spinoy,

Epinov, .lames and affair of.

51, 90.
Melvin, Malvin, Andrew, Scotch

minister. 72. 414.
letter of. 416.

, Mr., the younger, 258, 371.

Mendoza, Juan de, martpiis of St.

Germain, 301.
Mercator, Gerard. Atlas of, 29.
merchants, 21. 305.

news from. 35(), 395.

and fair of St. Germain. 9 ; asked

to pav double cu.stoms at Sound.

332.

merchants — conkl.

business at Prague. ,55.

letter of Trumbull to. 57.

complain of losses by pirates, 106 ;
backward in contributing to
cost of fleet against. 108 ;
petition for pardon on making
restitution, 109 ; unlikely to
buy security, 1 18.

and sale of cloth in Flanders. 127.
230. 399 ; Council confers with
about, 346.

share in treasure fleet, 179.

trading to Persia. 271.

dealings with, to pay debt to
England, 337 ; charge for ex-
change. 353.

money advanced bv, to Flanders,
450.
Dutch :

upset by Danish-Swede war, 77.

\vrongs done to. in Spain, 170.
fjUglish :

at Antwerjj, 131.

at Constantinoi)lc, 184 ; ask con-
voy to levant, 333.

complain of wrongs done in Spain.
196, 221. 261 ; Salisbury speaks
about to Velasco, 201.

jirone to procure satisfaction (by
repri.sals), 201.

and I-^landers cloth trade, 230,
259, 260, 273, 281, 370. 447;
case of to be con.side'red. 347.

])lan to exclude from J'^landei's,
280.

plan to force to bi'ing wool with
cloth. 281.

five failed, 307.

should be represented at Court,
390.

prize taken by ships of. 332.
Merchant Adventurers :

and their staple, 44. 47 ; remove
from Stade. 136. 156.

demand for free exercises of
religion. 59.

reasons for leaving Stade for Ham-
burg, 196.

plan to get removed from Middel-
burg to Antwerji, 281 ; likely to
abandon Antwerp. 399.

and the cloth trade. 361, 370, 399,
408-9, 411, 426.

book of containing treaties, 425.

, secretary to. See \\hee\er.

Mercier, .Josias. 82, 121.
Mergentheim, Mergetheim, Mergetsheim
[Bavaria, Cierman Kmpire|: 233,
235, 241.
Merwe, — , insults Deuxpont.s, 376.

311

nu'ssoiijiei's, ])rop()s('(l reformation of.

337.
Me.sterton, Maaterton, Misterton,
Adam, 200. 418.
lettera of. 388. 404. 428.
wife of. 387. 4fU. 428-9.
Mettcmich. Lothaiie \on. archbishop
elector of Treves. 298 ; and Aix,
IK),
at election of emperor, 310-1 ;
sends to archduke. 351 ; attends
conference at Biiihl, 405, 425.
Mettnian. Medman [Rhenish Prussia,

C;ernian l^nipire], 389. 393.
Metz, Lorraine, president of. See
Selve. Lazare de, .seigneur du
Bnieil.
Mexia. Ajrostin, 49.
Middelburg [Prov. Zeeland. Nether-
lands |, 182, 218, 224, 228, 307,
315, 330. 375. 391. 40(i. 408-10.
418. 423.
letters dated at. 403, 413.
Merdiant Adventures and, 44, 47,

281.
llaurice at, 50 ; Lesieur at, 390.
States at, 131.
and cloth trade, 399. 431.

, ix-nsionarv of. See, Burrell.

Midleton, Francis. lt)5.

letters from, 164, 399.

, Capt. Roger, 190.

Mierbeeck. Me\rbe(k. Mons. '1'.. 277,
339.
letter of, 375.
Milan, duchy of, 385.

troops in. 4, 5, 8, 24, 2(), 29.
liovernment of, 14.
Spaniards of, attempt on Parma,
117; Spaniards raising forces
in, 302.
dispute with Cremaschi. 202.
Oovernor of. See Azvedo, Pedro
Henriquez de, count of Fuentes ;
\'elasco. Juan Fernandez de,
duke of Frias.
Milan [Prov. Milano. Italv]. 184. 258,

301-2. 385. 387.
Milk'simo, Count, 08.
Millington, Mr.. 432.
Mina. See Elmina.
Mincowitz, — . 97.
Mirabaldi. .Antonio, envoy of Leopold

to Spain. 305.
Mirandola. prince of. See Kco,

-Alessandro.
Misterton. See. Mesterton.
Jlodena. duke of. See Este, Caesar of.
Moisset. alias Montauban, Moyssett,
farmer of the salt, 3f)8, 378,
387.

.Moldavia, 441.

forces of (Bugdans) defeated, 137 :

Bathori conr|uering, 1,58-9, 182,

202.
fear of Turkish designs on, 441.
prince of. See (Jonstantine ;

Radolf). Stephen ; Tomsa,

St.ephan.
Molheim. See .Mulheim.
Molina, controver-sy with, 304.
Mollart, Ernst, fi'eiherr von, president

of imjterial council. 37. 97.
acts for emjxTor, 102.
Mombazon. See Rohan, Hercules de,

duke of .Montbazon.
Mom|K?ssons. Mon])esons, Henry. 255.

288.
.Monceaux [Oise. France], 139, 353.

355.
Moncon. See Monzon.
money, exjiect^'d depreciation of, 108.
project for revaluation f)f, 2()0,

274.
new coins for archdukes, 305, 441.
new farthings coined, 412.
Albertus angels, 48-9, 124, 103,

393,
angels, 119, 293.
cardacue, 295.
crowns, 8, 11. 15. 35, ()3, 70-7,

93-4, 98, 102, no, 114, 139,

149, 152, 1.59, 103, 172, 177,

185-0, 188, 199, 212, 220, 229,

242, 258, 273, 27(i, 279, 282,

295-0, 30.-). 31()-7, 321, 337,

351, 358, 305, 3()8, 388, 393,

41.5, 417, 423, 431-2.
dollai-s. 201. 332.
dos, 183.
ducats. 27, 90, 141, 102, 185-0,

204, 240, 205, 278, 300, 328,

389, 402, 438.
tlorin.s. 10, 31, 78. SO, 97, 104.

112. 114. 147, 102, 182, 191.

193. 219, 200, 290, 309, 383,

389, 404, 413, 420, 428.
Horins of (Germany. 229. 382.
francs, 93-4, 2(i0,' 290. 394.
gildei-s, gulden. 10. 48, 02. 70, 124.

13(1. 101. 103. 178. 191. 19.5.

204. 224, 209, 283, 372, 398.

409. 419.
nobles. 323. 425. 445.
pesos. 400.
Philip dalcrs. 4.
philhps. 180. 195. 242.
pistoles. 103.
|X)unds Flemish, 1(». 02.
quartere. counterfeit, 273.
reals, 124.
rix dollare, lOS. 270.

512

nionev — rontd.

stuivers, 124. 305, 428.
thalers, m. 71-2, 10.5, 1.S3, 1.52.
1<)(). 441, 448.
.Monfroit, Kran(,<ii.s, 413.
Mfnif^er. Mungar, Muiifror, .lames, 21,
47, 64, 85-tj. 95. 1.53. 15.5, Kil,
254, 269, 278. .307. 327, 335.
374, 399.

, account f)f for clothes. 154 :

I)aynients to. 218, 234. 239. 323.

Jetters of. 1.54. 1.58. 16,5. 169,

170, 178. 33H. 407. 421.
Moiiiokhoven, 356.
Monluc, Damian de, sieiir de Balagny,

Ballagny, 105, 216, 257.
Moiipesons. iS'ec .Moinpessons.
.Vloni'eale. Montreal, near Palernio,

Sicily, bi.shopric of, 305.
Mons [Prov. Hainaut. Belf;iuin|. 177-8.

224. 283, 412.
Montalto, Cardinal. See Peretti,

Andrea.
Mont Alto, duke of, 111.
Montauban. See Moisset.
Montbazon, duke of. See Rohan,

Hercules de.
Montbiliard, Montbelgard [Doubs,
France], 208, 235.
Wurtemberg's claim to, 46, 160,
165, 215. 237. 248. 260, 264,
274. 289, 324, 337.
Montepulciano, bishop of. .See Ubal-

dini, Roberto.
Montespan, — de, captain of the

Scotch guard. 23-4.
Montgomery, earl of. .See Herbert,

Philip.
Montholon, Monthelon, — , advocate

of the .Jesuits, 199.
Montigny, sieur de. See Grange,

Francis de la.
Montmoi'ency, Henri I, duke of, con-
stable of France. 321, 395.

, , Henri, son of, 322.

, Hypolite de. tnadame d'

Espinay, 78.
Montpensier. the young lady of. See

Bourbon, Marie de.
Monts, Pierre du (iuast dc. M. de
Monts. expedition to Canada,
136-7.
Monzoii. Moncon, Aragon | Prov.

Huesca, SpainJ. 120.
Moravia [Czechoslovakia J. 40.

upset by Passau troops. 15 : .send-
ing help to Prague, 28.
Matthias summons nobilitv of,

112.
invaded, 152.
deputies of, 71.

Mo ra v ia — contd.
Estates of, 40.
troops of, 40, 74.
-Morbais. .See Culos, Nicholas de.
Mciif, .Sir (Jeorge, 314.

. .John, 30, 204, 235, 298, 333,

.338. 394. 407. 421.
letters from, 3, 9, 16, 21, 25, 47,
()4. 84, 99, 106, 108. 118. 1.38,
146, 168, 201, 217, 233, 239,
253, 278. 323. 335, 374. 377.

, , wife of, 138.

Moreton, — , a bookseller, 153.
Morgan, .Sir Charles, 137, 315, 358.

, Sir Rowland, 397.

, Mr., 310.

Morges [Canton, Vaud, Switzerland],

33.
.Moriscoes, Moore, Turks coniplain of

ill treatment of, 107.
Moritius, 419, 431.
Morland, co. VV^estniorland, 331 «.
Momay, Philip de, sieur du Plessis,
121.
president of Huguenot assembly,

79, 82.
book by. agaiiust papacy, 107.

113, 118, 129.

Moro, Don Cristoval de, viceroy of

Portugal, 246.
Morocco, viceroy of. .See Muley

iSidan.
Morrison, Mr., 28.
Mortemain [V Mortemart. Vienni>,

Prance], 385.
Morton, Thomas, dean of Winchester-,

answer to Parsons, 295.
Moschenizze, Mosconiza [Istria, Italy],

362.
Motte, Mott, Count de la, Savoyard

ambassador to Spain, 123.
dismissed without audience, 184.

186 ; confined to Bemardins,

217 ; leaves 224.
Mount, the. .See St. Michael's Mount.
Moysset. ..See Moisset.
Muet, Hermes, 178, 224, 4123.

. letters of, 212, 295.

Muley Sidan. king of Morocco, treaty

with the Dutch, 9 ; and Savov,

77.
Mulhausen. Alsace, meeting of Electors

at, 74. 80. 95, 98-9, 102-3. 108-9,

114, 122, 126, 132.

plague at, 129; people complain
of expense of meeting, 1.34.
Miilheim, Molheim. Mullain [Rhenish
Prussia, German F^mpireJ, 288,
304, 322, 373, 407, 438, 442.

513

Mulheim — cotM.

building of, 188. 259, 270, 293,
312-3, 322, 331, 355. 376, 397 ;
objection to, 279, 289. 291.
294-5, 303, 316, 320.

settlement of Protestants at. 258 ;
Union favours, 348.

feared attaok on. 322 ; Spain and
archdukes unlikely to break
truce for. 336.

Saxony's attitude to, 323.

emperor and, 327. 329. 331. .342-3.
347, 367, 381, 393, 399. 441 ;
he entrusts mandate about to
Albert. 336; Albert unlikely
to do anything, 442.

building at forbidden. 339 ;
emperor's mandate a'^ainst,
340. 376-8. 387. 390 ; empt-ror's
order to Possessioners about. 372.

Cologne and. 340, 3.54. 364. 367.
372, 376, 389.

building at proceeding. 347 ;
building stopped, 381.

Elector Palatine at. 373 ; Pala-
tine and, 395.

Spinola to act against. 378 : con-
cern of Rome and Spain about
building at, 383-4.

Spinola gets mandate against. 382.
385-6, 408.

Princes Po.ssessioners and, 393.
410. 423.
Munck, Levinus do, Mr. Levinus,
Levanus. Levvnus, 168, 267,
308. 315. 374. "

letter from. 187.

present of boar pies for. 170.
Mungar, Munger. See. Monger.
Munster [U'estphalia. (ierman Km])ire|.
132. 282. 298.

recruiting going on at. 440.

bishopric of. 242.

coadjutor of. See Ferdinand of
Bavaria.
Munster, Ireland. 427.
Munster, Secretary, brother of. 216.
Murad, Murat Pasha. Grand \'izier

of Turkey, death of, 137.
Murray. Thomas, 347.
muscatel, muskedell. 204.
Muscovites :

Poland kept bus\- by, 333 ; de-
feat Poles. 444'.
Muscovy, Muscovia, Russia, Polish
operations in. 1 93, 303 ; I'urks
anticipate danger from, 441.

Brandenburg to supply money
against, 198.

. Czar of, the .Muscovite.

See V'asilv Shurskv.

Mustard, Thomas, 183.

Mynors, Walter, letters of, 425, 445.

, , Ralph, brother of, 425,

445.

N.

Xaniur, Xamuer | Prov. Nanuir, Bel-
gium], 413.
Xantes, Edict of. the Edict. 12, 417.
Huguenot anxiety about ob-
servance. 100 ; confirmed, 149.
cf)niplaints of non execution, 157 ;
measures for observance, 172.
187.
to be puL'li.shcti .inew. 395. 432.
Naples, Italy. 77.

divisions among nobles of. 77 ;
expulsion of kings of. 252.
Nassau, house of, 58, 168.

mission of Neyen to, 230, 238.
Nassau, Phnilia II of, sister of Count
Maurice, Princess of Portugal,
252, 381.
Nassau, Count Ernest of, 275.
Nassau, Count Henrv of, 343, 357.

370-1, 375. 377". 392. 435-7.
Xas.sau, Count .lohn of, 254, 37(t.
375.
tutor of Electoi- Palatine, 65.
Nassau, .Maurice of, Count Maurice.
48, 70, 248. 342. 353, ,357. 375.
ill. 21 ; recovered. 30.
in Zeeland. .55 : wearv of them.

56.
tutor of Klector Palatine. 65.
tivaty of .Futerbog comnuuiicated

to." 66.
movements of. 71. 97, 240, 242.
entertains Neuburg. 136.
reported going to England, 25(.) ;
friendly relations with desirable,
251-2. '
suggested marriage alliances with.

252.
garter for. 294. 305. 371. 420. 424 ;
French jealous\- of. 302 : Sultan
esteems highly. 359.
attempt to nnudei'. 327 ; adver-
tisement sent by, 348.
writes to Possessioners about Aix
and Mulheim. 385.
Nassau. Philip William of, prince of
Orange, 238, 242. 330.
apology of. 335.
contract of 'f rum bull with, 369.
Na.ss<iii. Count William of, 381.

Down, in— 33

5U

Nassau Dietz, counts of. See I'^rricst

Casimir ; Henry Casimif.
, countess of. See Sojihia

Hed^^■i{r.
Nasiiff Basha. Bejjlcibcv of Diarbckir,

made tlrand \'izier, 137: ex-

IX'cted at Poite. 3()2.
Navane, 17ti. 328. 334.

Spanish onfioaelniK'nts on. 417.
, queen of. See .Maiyaiet of

Valois.
Navigation bv VI. & W'.. offer to dis-
close secret of. 4S.
Navy, the royal, kinw'.s sliips. proposed

squadi'on against pirates, lOO.

108. 118.
ship and pinnace to uuaid lishing

fleet, 332.
Naycn. Nay. See Neyen.
Nazareth, bishop of. See Hivarola,

Domenico.
Negroni, Andreas, a (ienoese, imperial

ambas.sador at the Porte, 441-2.
Nemours, duke of. See Henry of

Savo}'.
Neristan, captain of the Scotch guard,

23-4.
complaint against, KM) ; i-esigns,

333 ; disgrace of, 34(i.
Netherlands, Dutch, Holland. States.

United Provinces. I'nited

State.s, 13, 202, 2r)3, 32(i. 422.
Neyen engaged on making tiuce

with, 380.
Kill :
and Kmrlen. 4, 30, .")."), 08, 7(i, Hi),
and Sweden, 4, 40 ; arul Denmark.

81.
and Cleves dispute, 7, 15, (ili.
treaty with king of Morocco, ;

Kodenburg claims to be com-
missioner of, ()7.
and Priiues Possessioners, 10, 13,

37.
and troubles at Utrecht, 30, 44, 48.
secret of navigation by I''. & \\.

promised to, 48 ; terms for

])aying troops. 72.
religious disputes in, 48. 13<i. 148.
( leneva appeals to for help, 4!(.
informed of .Juterbog treaty, (i(i.
France wants to assume debt due

to Kngland, 7()-7, 102, 108.

321 : nujiiev hoped for fi-om.

147.
jieace overture to, 07, !I9 : not

disarming, 125.
ambassadors sent by to Denmark,

101, 119; Brandenburg asks

to send embassy to Prussia,

132.

Xctherlands. Dutch. lliW^coiitil.

mission of Sherlev to, from Persia,

101-2; Reff'uw to go to, 177,

181.
and .U.\, 114, 116, 120. 14,3, 173.

19,3. 202, 208. 213.
(|uestion of contributions in. IKi,

119.
proposed recovery of through

Franco SjianLsh match, 128;

danger of subjection to Spain,

138.
legation abf)ut Munster. i 32 ; and

Lemgo, 149. 158-9.
entertain Neuburg. 13(i.
James displeaseil with over

Vorstius, 139. 2<Hi ; representa-
tions to against him, 148, 169,

171, 174, 183. 198; Vorstius

banished from, 182; proposed

courae with, 197.
Fraiici' presses foi- repayment of

loan, 147.
preparing to ])ay .James, 147 ;

ingratitude to .James, 207.
Spain sending tiuadalesta to.

149 ; complaints against

Spain, Kil, 189.
giant patent for invention, 155.
fear of practising with Fi'ance

and Spain against iMigland,

197, 201, 20(1.
coni])lain of breach of tieaty by

archduke, lti8, 189.
complain of wrongs done to nuM-

chants in Spain. 170.
allied with Turk, 182.
rei)l_v to W'inwood about \'orstius.

205 ; division in, over \'oi-stius,

20(i-7.
expected overtures of Keffuge to,

205.
National Council in, 207.
and Montbeliard claim, 215.
1()12:

lieace off'er to, 221, .303. 317-8;

proposal to change tiiK-e with

into ])eace, 232, 339.
and Aix. 223, 227.
supposed Sjianish designs ai^ainst,

232, 348.
and (iuinea coast, 232.
and case of Vorstius, 235, 249,

259, 277-8, 282.
Keffuge informs of marriages, 235;

France stands b\- treaties with,

243.
and bishoprics of Alunster and

Paderborn. 242 ; and Kniden,

357.

515

Xetherlands, Dutch. I(il2 — could.

reinforce companies, 242 ; French

regiments in service of, 321 ;

Homeck served, 370.
representations to Cologne, 247 ;

Spain unlikely to break with

for MuUieim or Aix, 331).
an asyhim for men of all beliefs.

249 ; and inventions, 293.
S|)anish policy to separate from

France. 250 ; reported treaty

with Spain, 297 ; hoix's of

treaty, 300.
friendly lelations with Kngland

desirabk^. 2.51-2; relations

strained, 325.
and the Jesuits, 270, 282-3.
archdukes fear intervention about

Rietberg, 274 ; and choice of

emjjeror, 292.
godfather to Henry Casimir of

Xassau, 275.
and opening of Schelde, 281 ;

resent heavy tolls in the Sound,

333.
ready to enter treaty of Wesel,

310 ; deputies sent to, 354.
France means to uphold, 320 ;

Fi-ench want to ])av debt to

England. 337. 432.
Possessioners desii'cs mediation

of with Saxony, 322 ; Posses-
sioners advised to send to.

324; and Bramlenberg, 421.
ascendancy f)f Barnevelt in, 325.
correspondence between English

and French ministers in. 32H.
league of Hanse towns «ith. 332 ;

negotiations with Hanse, 343,

34(i, 3.5().
affairs nuich troubled, 33() ; re-
partitions of troops not settled,

340.
king of Spain treats for ])assage

of tioops to, 336.
Franco Spanish alliance a threat

to, 345.
Princes Possessionere appeal to.

3()0 ; write to them about Aix

and Mulheim. 385 ; promises

to Brandcnbiu'g ambassadors,

424.
Deuxponts appeals to, against

cahnnny, 370.
Elector Palatine defrayed by, 377.
war ])ossible with over .Jviliers.

380; efforts to corrupt sub-
jects of, 382.
said to have dcc'lared neiitrahty,

387 : forts of well garrisoned,

437.

Netherlands, Dutch, li)\2—co>it(l.

treaty of archdukes with. 403 ;

Spain afraid of infringing truce

with, 443.
differences in about cjuota, danger

to state. 420 ; engaged upon

fundamentals, chieflv finances,

442.
unHkely to accept (|ueen"s terms

for keep of French troops. 432.
debt to F.ngland and repayment,

436.
mean to occupy frontier towns,

444.
Neuburg does not want excluded,

445.
fleet of :

sent against pirates, 119, 13 1 -2.
connnission for reprisals against

Spain, 131 ; fleet under Hauteyn.

132. 138; ships sent to Spain,

for reprisals, 201.
ca))tains ordered to prcpai-c for

sea, 352.
States General : 305. 325.
and Utrecht, 25, 44, 48, 55.
allow Denmark to levy soldiers

and sailora, 48.
scatteied, 54, 70 ; general

assembly of. 101-2.
advised to remonstrate with arch-
duke. 138.
I'cmoustrances with, about Voi'S-

tius. 140, 142. 218. 235.
octroi of, for inventions. 223.
and gartei- for Count .Maui'ice,

294. 315, 371. 424.
most of members awa,\'. 342.
troops of, 6, 10, 21, 116, 119.

question of disbanding, 21. 37;

and paying, 55 ; cotisations for,

131 ; company of Sir C. Brooke,

142.
Netherlands. the Spanish. See

Flandci's.
Nettlestead, Nettelstead. co. Kent,

394.
Neubnrg, Xieubourg [Bavaria, Ger-
man Kmpire], 22, .-)4, 288, 298,

445.
, house of, 213 ; treaty con-
cerning .luliers. 42 ; and

vicarship of em])ire, 226, 230.
. . di'puties of, at Sehwein-

furt, 46.

, , at Juterbog, 54.

, duke of. See Philip William.

, prince of. (S^ec Augustus ;

Wolfgang William.

516

Neufville, Charles de. siexir d'Alin-
court, governor of Lyon, 172.

, Nicolas de, seigneur de

Villeroi, secretary nf state, fH.
302.
warns Geneva of Savoy's (lesigns.

122; and Berruver, 1 93.
ill, 212, 3()4 ; refoverinfi. 21(5. 368.
Soissons quarrels with, 244.
and the marriage treaty. 32.S ;
visits Pastrana. 350.
Neukirk, advocate of Friesland, an

inventor, 282.
Neuss, the, 223.
Neustadt, archbishop of. See Klesl,

Melchior.
Nevers, duke of See (^nizaga, Charles

de.
Seville, Nevel. Sir Henry. 337.

expected appointment as secretary,
266, 2(if». .306. 308. 33.5. 341.
344. 374.

, lady Mary, 435.

Newcastle, 414.

Newmarket, co. Cambridge, 197.
Newport, Richaid, a jirie.st, executed,
326, 328.

.Thomas, 418, 424.

letter to, 183.

letters from. 21<). 24n. 418, 431.
Newton, Mr.. 249.

Neven. Nayen. Nay, .John, Father,
324. 31)6. 375.' 421.
mission to liou.se of Xa.ssaii. 231 ^

238. 242.
going to Rome. 2li(). 273 ; at
Mtidrid. .380; death. 428. 432.
43()-7.
Nice lAlpes. Marit, France J. 94. 385.
Nicholas, servant of 'I'obie iVIathe«-.

2.54.
Xieubourg. See Neuburg.
Nieutand. M. de, lettei's fram, 277,
305, 329, 34(i, 352, 356. 359.
375. 386.
Xieuport. 391.
Ximuegen [Prov. Gelderland. .Xethcr-

lands|. 240. 242. 375.
Xiort [Deux Sevres, BVance], 365.
Nogaret, Bernard, marquis de la

Valette, Epernon's son, 211.
Nogaret, .Jean Louis de, duke of
Epcmon, Espemon, 176, 205.
211. 257.
charge against. 11-2, 21, 23, 24,

34, 110: exonerated, 113.
goes to Xaintongc, 65 ; gathering

forces, 69, 87.
and C<mde, KM). I(i7 ; quarrel
with Soissons, 220, 312.

Nogaret, Jean Louis de — conld.

supports Roc|uelaure against
Cond6, 333 ; retires into
country, 338.

Noi'folk, 155."

Xorimberg. See Xincmberg.

Normandy, France, 92. 99. 177, 3.55,
365, 388. 394.

North West jiassage. passage to E.
Indies. 147. 179, 189, 279, 318.
331.

-N'nrthamptoM. earl of. See Howard.
Henry.

Northumberland, eail of. See Percy,
Henry.

Xort(m, Mr., 25.

, Dudley, 192.

. William, letter of. 192.

Norwich, co. Xorfolk, 1.54, 165, 169.

Ncjtre. advocate, letter of, 268.

Nottingham, earl of. See Howard,
Charles.

Nuremberg. Xorimberg [Bavaria. Ger-
man EmpireJ. 5. 171, 173, 175,
188, 191. 233. 2.54. 264. 288,
330, 336.
meeting of Union at, 46, 49 ;

postponed, 54.
diet at. 129, 134. 136. 141. 143.
146. 148. 1.50. 1.52, 1.58-9, 164.
168. 181-2, 188, 190.
lends money to emperor, 3,54 ;
im])eriai commissionei's de-
mand ex|)enM('S from, 39().

0.

oath of allegiance, proclamation for

administering, 85 ; Catholics

suuniioned to London to take.

298.
bishop executed for refusing, 285.
Oatlands [co. Surrey |, 164.
oatmeal, 154, 165, 169.
" Oberon or the Fairy Prince." maspic

by Ben .lonson, 1.
Octavio, Count. See Visconti. Count

Octaviano.
Odcnheim, Aidenheim, Udenheim

[Baden. German Empire]. 448.
Zunigas weddina at. 430. 433.

439. 443-4.
letter dated at, 44(_».
ODcvany. Cornehus. bishop of Down.

285.
Odoardo. Angelo. 301.
Oenus. river. See Inn.
Ogle. Sir .John, governor of Utrecht,

letters from. 35, 44.
plot against, 3ll,

517

Oeuf Mohammed. Turkish Capiicleii

Pasha, 3G3.
Oland, Eu Land b\' Cahiiar. .Sweden,

island of. 332.
Olden Barnevcldt. liee BarneveUlt.
Oliva, C'onde d' . 432.
Olsberg, Oltzberg [German Empire |,

nuptials of, 370.
O'Keill. Hugh, earl of Tyrone. 28.5.
appeal for restoration of. 236-7.
Opdam, iSieur d', Dutch ambassador

to Denmark, 101.
opium, trade in, 183.
Oran [Algeria, \. Africa]. 49.
Omnge, prince of. See Kassau. Philij)
William of.
princess of. See Bourbon. Eleanor
de.
Oricourt, baron of, envoj' ol' Lorraine

to Brussels. 261.
Orleans [Loiret, France], (iO, 384.
disturbances at, 105. 107. I l(i.

, duke of. See Gaston.

Orleans, Francis of, count of St. I'ol.
.St. Paul, 93, 104-5, 110. 348.
, Catherine. .Antoinette, Mar-
garet and Kleanor of, sisters of
the duke of Longueville, 440.

. Henry II of, duke of J^ong-

ueville, 257, 348.
Ornano, Jean BajJtiste d", colonel,

220.
Oisoy [Rhenish Prussia. German

Emjiiix']. 444.
Ostend [Prov. W. F"landers. Belgium].

90.
Otto, eldest son of Mauiice. landgrave
of Hesse. 9(i. 188.
entertained by king and Salisbury.
lOH ; returning bv Brussels,
116.
visit to England, 121 ; at Aix, 129.
reported suitor for Princess Eliza-
beth, 130; brings .James's
approval of Juterbog, 132.
thanks for entertainment, 154.
proposed match with princess of
Baden, 370. 378, 381.
Overand, — , 324.
Overbury, Sir Thomas, 138.

spoken of. for Brussels, 31, 44,

46.
outburst of queen against, 83,
85 ; begins to approach Court
again, 139, 180.
letter from, 369.
Owen, Hugh, a refugee, 221h.

plan to kidnap. 21.
Oxford, 9, 180, 332.

— ■ — , bishop of. See King, .John.
oysters, 125.

P.

Pabst. Dr.. Brandenburg envoy to

Heidelberg, 395.
Packer. .John. (iO. 72.

letters from. 34, 337.
Paderborn. Parterborn [W'estjihalia.
German Kmpire]. bishopric of,
241-2.
Padua I Prov. Padova, ItalvJ, 3. 14.
362.
letter dated at, 145.
Palatinate [(ierman KmpireJ, 4, 53-4,
126.
appointruent of administrator of.

8, 10, 22, 112.
question of administration of, 74.

81, 120, 143. 173. 223, 235.
administrator of. .S'ee .John Casi-
mir.

, the Lower, 370.

, the Upper, 13, 54.

Palatine, the Elector. See Fredciick
IV ; Frederick V.

, dowager electress of. See

Louise .Juliane.

, princesses. See Elizabeth

Charlotte ; Louise.

. See also Wolfgang William,

prince of Neuburg.
Palavicini, merchants. 186.
Palermo, archbishop of. See Doria,

Giovamii.
Palmer. Pallmer [William |. ,')', 61.

, Richard, physician of Prince

Henry, 451.
Palsgrave. See Fredeiiek V, Elector

Palatine.
Palsy, sieur, 194.
pamphlets from Frankfort, 273.
papal nuncios. See tinder ambassadors,
papists. See Cathohcs, English.
Pappenheim. marshal of the empire,

311.
Paris, France, 10. 21-2, 31-2, 56, 67, 69.
102, 129, 161, 180, 189. 230,
254, 279, 294, 301, 303, 355,
364-5, 388.
letters dated at, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12,
15, 19, 23, 25, 29, 33, 35, 44,
46, 52, 58, 60, 64-5, 68, 72, 77,
79, 82, 86, 92, 94, 99, 104, 107,
110, 113, 115, 117-8. 121, 124,
128, 130, 133, 136-7, 139, 145,
149, 150, 152, 156, 161, 172,
175-6, 181, 187, 193, 198, 205-6,
211, 216, 220, 222. 224, 228,
233. 236, 243, 250, 253-4, 256,
259, 266, 270, 275, 277, 284,
288-9, 291, 295, 302. 309, 312,

51S

I'luis.

France. Ic

ttcr-s (lati'd

at — coitld.

320,

322.

328.

333.

337.

340.

345,

349.

332.

355.

357.

359,

3fiS.

37(i.

378.

38<).

388.

394.

4(15.

410.

415-(i

i. 429

. 432.

439.

444,

447.

prodaniation to pinfje uC vagraiit-s.

9: assemblv of Doiiiinioaiis at.

79.
'lobv Matthew at. 12. 118;

Wottoii at. 12. 15. 19. 24:

Cottin-rtuii at. 124. 212.
(lenionstration against Pvotestaiit

funeral at. 87.
assembly of cardinals and bishoj)S

at, 113; Hufiiienot deputies

chosen to reside at. 133.
Seymour at. 149, 166, 220.
pioposed nunnery for English at.

177. 194. 440.'
Itrojwsed college foi' English at,

194.
houses scai'ched in. 21 1 ; insolence

to Feria. 340.
earl of Dorset at. 220. 256.
deputies of Aix at. 235, 241.
Pastrana's reception at, 345, 350.
Arsenal. 23.
Bastille, the, 11, 87.
Feuillants, 194.
Hostel de Xa va rre. 34 1 .
Louvre. 211, 350, 352, 368.

tire at, 250.
Xotre Dame, 17(), 3()8.
Pailenient de. 11, 12, 15, 23. 34,

69, 87, 108. 110. 113. 118, 176,

198, 211, 216. 227. 302. 329,

338, 365. 378-9. 395, 417, 439.
and duels. 257.
. President of. <S'ee Verdun,

Nicholas de.
Pont au change, (i8.
rue iSt. Honore, 447 ».
Sorborme, 1.5, 34, 176. 357.

dispute with Jesuits. 206,
21 1 : and Richer's book,
244.
Univei-sity. 257 ; and Jesuits,

198-9, 206-7.
, rector of. iiee Hardwilliei',

Pierre.
mesurc de. Kil.
pajliament. 84.

liodenbin'g claims to have spoken

in. ()7 : expected in spiing. 168.

taxes may not be levied without,

254.
expected in November. 279.
parliament, of 1610, its dissolution,
3, 13 ; recall expected, Ki.

Panna. Italy. 2H7.

reiwrt of treason in. 117.

, duke of. See Earnese,

Alessandro, and Kanuccio I.
PaiTV. Sir Thomas, ambassador in

France, 355.
Parsons. Robert. S..I.. Dr. .Morton's

answer to. 295.
I'arterborn. 'See Padeiborn.
Raschal, Charles. French anibas.sadoi-

with t)ie (Prisons, 351.
Passau I Bavai-ia, German Knipii-c|.
7. 36. 50, 397.
Leopold means to enlist fresh

troops at, 141.
bishopric of, 51.

bishop of. See Lcojjold, archduke
of Austria,
troops of, Passauers. 13. 51. 53. 55,
74.
in Tvrol, 5. 8 : in Bohemia, 15,
17,' 24; at Prague, 18, 21-2,
2()-8. 32 ; leave Prague. 38.
trouble caused by emperor re-
taining. 20 ; damage done by,
38.
at Budweis. 38, 40-1, 68, 70;
dismissal and punishment de-
manded, 75.
Bohemian fury against, 39. 40 ;

probable move against, 42.
Teynagel examined about, 42-3 ;

mutinj' in suppressed. 52.
terms for disbanding. 50-1 ; ex-
pulsion demanded, 5(), (il.
emperor and, 55, 57, 76 ; imperial
ban against, ()8, 73 ; pardon
offered to, 78.
dealings with, 73 ; money sent
to. 76 ; bought off. 80 ; to be
disbanded, 208.
some enlisted for Matthias, 80.
emperor apologises for levj- of,
120 ; ordered to leave country,
141.
pastilles, present of, 312.
Pastor, Pastorius, Dr.. Palatinate
commissioner to Aix. 429, 437.
Pastrana, duke of. See Gomez, Ruy,

de Silva Mendoza y la Cerda.
Paton. Patton, Antonio. 387, 411, 418,
431.
examinations of. 385. 407.

, John, brother of. 385.

Patton. Captain, 127.
Colonel. 21. 129.
Paul V. pope (Camillo Borghese). 41,
269.
and Bellarmine's book. 9. II, 118;
and liichci's book. 357.

51 9

Paul \'. |)0|)e — fiiiilil.

r('|Kjrted (.•xcDiinimniciitidii of

.lames. SI. 12.
and Savoy. 2") ; and .Savoy

ICn^'lish inattli. 1«7. 197.
and niaiTiaj;*' of nepht-w. 27.
and (iernian affairs. 5o : plan to

de|K)St' t'nijxTor. 1.^1.
and Vonico. 117. 135. 2,S7. 3<)2.
disputo with Savoy, 130-1.
and Spaniards. 135: takes affair

of Palermo (|iiietly. I OS.
sent dispensation for Savoy

Xenioiirs mateh, 1.5l)-7.
and Spanish Entrlish niateh. I(i5 ;

desired niateli between France

and Spain. 251.
iliamberlain of. sent to Fiaiiee.

177.
not s|)aTed by ailvoeate of Sor-

bonne, 19i».'
and Tyrone. 237 : desijin upon

Ireland. 427.
mis.sioii of Xeyen to. for areh-

thikes. 242 ; eoneern about

.Mulhcim. 383.
\'end6me sent to thank, 257.
conventicle at Douav b\' order of.

3()4.
subsidises attack on Finland, 43().
Paull. Paul. Andre. 33(), 371.

envoy of Princes of the Union

to France, 145, 30().
at Colofine. 373.
letters from. 37(). 378. 387, 389,

395, 405, 418, 429. 430. 4.33.

439, 440. 443. 447.
ehristeninji of .son. 37(1.
Pawlett. Paulot. Sir Amias. 14<i.

brothers and <;randsons of. 235.

. Mr. Amias. 140.

. Henry. 140.

peace, with Spain, of 1004. 300.

Peck, Mr.. 250. 410.

Pecquius. Peckius. Peter, archdukes"

agent in France, chancellor of

Brabant, 40, 09, 82. 80. 90. 318.
mission to the Hague, 101 ;

dangerously sick, 305.
at Prague. 372.
wife of, 34. 40.

, M.. privy coinicillor to arch-
duke. 318.
, M.. su|X'rintendent of justice,

300.
Peins, Hans. 103.
Pellitier, — . 153.
Pembroke, earl of. See Herbert,

William.
Pepin. .See Wood. Ann.
Pera, Cf)nstantinople. news from. 302.

Pcrcv. Heurv. earl of .N'ortluuuberland,
110. 'l39.
cliai-ges against. lOO, 109.

. Lad.\-. 300.

Peivtti. Andrea, cardinal Montalto. 27.
Perez. Peres. Antonio. 177. 188-9.
Perez de Cinzman. Akjnso, duke of

.Medina Sidonia, 257.
Perigord. France. 100.
Pernglas. Barnelas. — . em|)eror's
commissioner for Ai.\, 387, 389.
peri)etual edict. .S'ee Kdict.
Perrv, Hugh, letters of, 421, 449.
Persia. 183, 247.

desire to e.\clu(k' Turk from seas
of. 101 ; Turk makes tnice
with. 193, 219 ; traders to, 271.

, Shah of. the Sophv. See

Abbas 1.
ambassador from, to .Spain. 247.

, in London. 271.

Persians, victory over Turks. 27 ;
-Murad general against, 137 ;
rupture with Turks, 203.
pei'spective gla.sses, 238.
Pet, Pit. Pits. Dr.. 222. 3,58. 303, 379.
Petit Pierre, of Brussels, 58.
Petkem. .Mademoiselle de, Zuniga's

bride. 440, 443.
I'etre. Sir (ieorge. 435.
PHug. Christopher, imperial councillor,
158.
at Xuremberg diet. 104.
Pliclijjpeau.x, Paul, secretary of state,
sent to .Sainmir assembly, 100,
I'hilibert. See Filiberto.
Philip 11. king of .Spain. 80. 24(). 312.
services of Boyd to. 120.
always ready to encourage rising
in Fngland. 252.
Philip 111, king of Spain: ill, 247,
209, 354.
1011:
and German affairs, 5, 7, 151, 215 ;
to conlirm accord at Prague,
75, 209 ; and Savoy Nemours
match, 110, 150.
and .Savoy, 23, 25, 109.
and F"'landers, 43.
Hodenburg has rough message

for, 07.
receives Digby, 90 ; Cottington

takes leave of. 111.
and Robert Sherley, U»2 ; Ant.
Sherley thanks for grant, 141.
and Lerina. 123.

movements of, 123, 101, 180,214;
])roposed jouinev to Portugal,
142. 214.
sends large sum to Zuniga. 134;
.share in Heet, 102, 179.

5-20

Philip IJl, kiiij; of Spain. Kill — contd.
and Fifiuli matcli, 150-1, 104.
caused qiiet'ii's death, 101 ; slights

over luneral, 184.
and Callev's debt, I()2, 225. 284,

301, 3l'8.
and Savoy, 17() ; disnns.s<'s Savoy

amba,ssador, 184. 18().
1612:

talk of match with England, 214,

221. 232, 245-tJ, 252, 257, 262,

204-5, 279.
offer to recognise Dutch

sovereignty, 221 ; unlikely to

break truce for Aix or Mulheim,

336.
releases English from galleys, 225 ;

Cameraca accused of bewitching,

246.
gives French bride title of Majesty,

220 ; Savoy hopes may break

off marriages, 250.
and English cloth trade, 230.
difference with Savoy, 232.
and Ireland, 230.
cost of troops to, 242 ; treating

with Orisons for passage of

troops, 336.
mourning for enipercjr, 245.
Spinola buys estate of, 245 ;

Neukirk recommended to with

inventions, 282.
holds a Junta, 240.
and Trieste, 263.

and seminary at Douay, 273.
talk of alliance with England. 274.
talk of Florentine inatc-h foj-, 278 ;

and French match, 365 ; want.s

defensive alliance with France,

368.
movements of, 284, 366, 379,

384 ; proposed journey to

Portugal, 384, 400, 402, 432.
stays export of cochineal to

England, 291 ; and Virginia,

318.
reported treaty with Dutch, 297 ;

knights Rodenburg, 300 ; readj'

to give up pretensions to Hol-
land, 318.
supply of money for, 300.
offers to defray Maine, 302 ;

courtesy to him, 321 ; cost of

entertaining, 328.
recalls Velasco and appoints

Sarmiento, 318.
complaint to against French

followers of Maine, 334.
German maritime towns unw illing

to join Dutch against, 343.

Philip III. king of SpaiTi. 1012 — contd.
claims on .Juliers transfen'ed to,

357;
375.

English
359:
361.

designs

dealings with France,

soldiers in service of,
purpose to invade Ireland.

on empire. 370. 378 :

emperor sends picsent to, b\

Spinola, 382.
said t(j have dismissed Digbv,

380.
mission from, to Denmark, 383.
and debt due to Callev and others.

395. 401.
share in treasure fleet, 4(X), 402,

424.
Brote said to be pensioned by.

416; confessed {x^nsioner of,

422.
confederacy with po})c against

Ireland, 427.
will not meddle with Aix or Juliers,

443.
confessor of, 123, 140, 380.
Philip, Infant of Spain, later Phihp

IV, proposed French match

for. 05. See also marriages be-

«een France and Spain,
plan to make, king of the Romans,

95.
receives Digby. 9().
Philip le Bon, duke of Burgundy. 360 ;

perpetual edict of, 424.
Philip William, duke of ^Ceuburg.

iNcwburg, 22. 7(1. 116, 143, 235,

200, 298, 348. 395, 446.
claim to administration of Pala-

tinaU-. 4, S, 98, 122, 132, 223,

241, 250.
and claims to Cleves, 64 ; urged

to ratifv treatj- of Juterbock,

231.
expected to approve Juterbog

treaty, 66 ; reported exclusion,

08 ; delays ratification of treaty,

87, 115, 203, 233; Dutch hei]>

for, 223.
sends present to Matthias, 194 ;

answer of Matthias to am-
bassadors of, 235.
claim to vicarship of empire, 230,

247-8, 275, 279; Matthias

makes vicar, 241.
and Aix, 253, 285, 433; and

Mulheim, 372, 395-6.
and vicarship of empire, 254, 257.
plans to dispossess, 317 ; and

treaty of Juterbog, 304.
wants Enghsh match, 357.
deputies of, at Prague, 386.

521

J'hili]! WilUrtin — cuiiltl.

dispute about Berg, 3S!). 3!K».
392 ; diiferences with Braiideii-
burg. 44G.
eommjttint; great tollies, 'i'Xt ;

bent on iiiisohief, 418.
expected at Bruhl. 392 ; son

going to see. 444, 448.
emperor grants investiture ut

Cleves to, 424.
Uuteh action will annoy, 444.
secretary of. See Faber.
Phillips, Sir l'>hvard. Master of the

Rolls, 13, Ifi, 28.
Philjwtt. Mr., 113.
Piacenza [Prov. Piaeenza. ItalvJ, lair

of, 3()0.
Picardv, France, lieutenant general

"of, 118.
Pickering, Gilbert, justice, 18((.

son of, 180.
Pico, Alessandro, 2)rince of Miranilola,

362.
[rictures of the ICnipeior Rudolph,
229.
for Prince Henry. 238.
Rochester desires, 3(i9.
Piedmont, Italy, 53, ITfi.

troops in, 4, 8, 32 ; ISavoy levying
in, 444.

, prince of. See Victor

Aniadeus.
Pic-Alorin, baron of, 257.
Piens, Hans. 4t5(.t.

, Jan, 450.

Pilsen [Boheuiia. ('/.eclio Slovakia],
43, 14(i.
emperor to reside at, SO.
I'incks, — , 328.
Pindar, Sir Paul, ICnglish a(nbaK.sador

at th<' Porte, 359, 447.
pipes and guttei-s, invention for

making, of clay, 223, 293.
Pippin. See \\ ood, Ann.
pirates :

merchants complain of losses by,
106 ; merchants jietition for
pardon to, 108-9.
proposal to send tleet against,

106, 108, 118.
increasing in numbers, 118; har-
bour at Ma'amura, 123.
Dutch sending fleet against, 119,

131-2, 138.
leaving Irish waters for Italy,

147.
ship recovered from, 169 ;
executed at Wapping, 169, 170.
accept pardon, 196.
merchants ask convoy to Levant
because of, 333.

Pit. Pits. See Pet.
Pithipesky, Pitipeski, Herr, 18.
plague, in Switzerland, 109, 122, 129,
134. 143.
lit Mulhausen. 129.
in Cicrmanv. 134. 174; at Cologne,
37().
Plainvillc. .M. de, governor of Corbie,
buvs captaincy of Scottish guard,
333.
Plesseii. Woliad von, 315-6, 347 ;
Palatine's ambassador to
Princes Possessioners, 5, 99,
no, 227, 235, 256, 275.
going to Kngland. 266 ; arrives,
279 ; in Palatine's train, 371,
377.
letter from, 5.

, , referred to, 217. 266,

446.
Pliego, Maniuis de, 278.

daughter of, 278.
Plunket. William, 421.
Plymouth, co. Devon, 27.

pirates captiue ships off, 106.
Discover If at, 147.
Po, Rivei-, N. Italy, 287, 362.
Poheni. See Polheim.
Poitou, France, 23, KM), 338.

bransles de, a dance, 2.
Poland, 126, 145.

Turkish designs against, 193;
probable breach «ith Turkey,
3()3 ; Tuiks likeh' to attack,
441.
threat to Prussia from, 352 ;
Tartai's doing mischief in, 367.
pitiable state of, 438.
king of iS'ee Sigisnuul 111.
prince of. See I'ladislaus.
(jueen of. See Constance.
Poles, defeat of by Bathori, 137 ;
success in Muscovy, 363 ; de-
feated by Muscovites, 444.
assisting Constantine in Moldavia,

362.
troops of, annoyed by losing
jjower, 352.
Polheim, Pohem, Gundaker baron of,
imperial councillor, 40.
.sent by Matthias t(j Rothenburg,

120, 122; at Prague, 152.
sent to Brandenburg, 259.
Politiques, hostilitv of Jesuits to, 384,
Pondt. Henri, 283"^.
Poole, Mr., 124, 161.
pope, question of excomnmnication
by, 19.
order of St. I.iazare addicted to,
24.

522

po]i( — conlil.

(|U(.-stioii of iiutliuritv ovim- priiR-es.

34, 69.
Savoy's resjK-ct ftu-. Wi.
authority of. and jreneral Couiicil.
70 ; Serviii on iiowci-s of. 2()()-7.
and infallibility. 79.
claim to };oods of bislioji of Sara-

;^ossa. 111.
relations witli Turk, 182, 202.
.S'ec also Paul V.
\'a\yi\. Wilhelm, 144.
Port«r. Mr., J 11.

, Giles, 2()1. 2H4, 302.

Portsmouth, co. Hants.. 9.
Portugal. 123, 421.

king's journey to, 142, 184, 18(),
214, 3(5(). 379, 384, 400, 402;
money sjx-nt in pre|)aration for,
432. '
great carrack of, 22G.
])arlianient of, 18(>.
])resident of, 184.
t loops fiom. for Flanilers, 232 ;
force in, to go against Virginia.
380.
])rinc'ess of. See Nassau, Emilia

of.
Viceroy of. See More, Don C'ris-
toval de.
Potier, Kene, bishop of Beauvais, 257.
Pott, Mr., a minister, 123, 125, 133,

140, 1()3.
Potter, Ann, 32().
Poules, Mr., 379.
Powis, Tliomas, 330.
Piada, Andreas de, •Spanish secretary

of State, 90, 140.
praemunire, 298.

Prague [Bohemia. Czechoslovakia],
(i, 20, 24, 52. 55-(), 04-5, 68, 74,
76, 98, 103, 109, 117, 158. 188,
202, 223, 227, 233. 241, 248.
259, 320. 354. 389. 393. 39().
399, 430. 438, 448.
letters dated at, 60. 112.
decree dated at. 145 ; papers

dated at, 223. 235.
news from, 11, 17-8, 21. 37-8.
40, 50-1, 55, 57, 68, 70-1, 73,
78, 86. 104, 108-9, 112, 141-2,
144, 146, 152, 19(i, 219. 356,
3()7, 372. 378, 408.
papere, 50,

Passau troops enter,
26-7 ; Passauers at.
]X)sition at. 35-(),
leave. 38, 40-1.
Lesieur at, 27 ; Lesieur leaves
and brought back to, 36, 46-7.

18, 21-2.

28. 32;

Passauers

Prague — cniilil.

entry of Mathias to. 37-8, 40-1.

Passauers massacred at, 40.
troops leave against Passaueis.

40 ; impression caused by

<'vents at. 48.
Anhalt expi'cted at. 57 : emperor

leaving. 86 ; loss by absence

of Court. 95.
prisonere, 61.
Matthias asked to live at. 70 ;

l)rovisions for. in treaty-. 74-5.
contract of 1608 at, 75.
emperor will not leave, 107, 149 ;

emiJeror may reside at, 114,

144 ; emperor leaving. 146,

159.
new Martinist church at, 112.
Matthias leaves. 134 ; he enters,

235.
Hanau at. 149. 152 ; Xeuburg

at, 204. 211-2, 216, 265; Ans-

pach at, 211, 216, 219.
emjXMor wants to leave, 205 ;

em])eror going to, 330.
Solrc dies at, 238 ; S])inola's

join-ne\- to, 351 ; Spinola at,

367. 378. 381, 385, 387; he

leaves. 377. 382.
Cologne dejnities go to. 340, 344,

37(i, 389. 393 ; Passessioners

sending to, 348, 366. 393.
reform of Senate and Council at,

342 ; change for woi'se at.

376 ; disorders at, 384.
Saxony goes to. 356 ; ambassadors

at, 372.
commissioners of archduke Albert

at, 382.
mission of Le.sieur to. 407.

.castle. 134. 141. 144.

, archbishop of. See Lamberg,

Karl von.
Pratz. Prats. Phili|). secretary to the

Archduke Albert. 90- 1". 206.
and Lord Roos. 34 ; sent to Liege.

304.
letters from. 89. 153. 322.
Preaux. M. de. Krcncli envoy to

Brussels. 8. 71. 92, 121.' 1.30.

145. 150, 175. 208, 265, 283,

347-8. 381.
and Conde. 91.
repoits plan to depose emyK-ror.

151.
and Montbeliard claim. I(i7. 215.
and Aix. 190, 202-3.
and Hotmail. 215.
otters condolences on emperor's

death. 229.

.528

Prtiuix. M. <lc — amid.

sufifiests t'orre.s|)<)ii(l('iiw with

Tiumbull. 32(i.
(•oiii]ilains of lanjiimgi.' uscil by

elector of Mayence, 351.
may go to S])aiii, 417.
gentleman of. 311-1.
I'reignv, M. de. tfovernur of Amiens,

93.
I'ressburg (Bratislava) [C'zeeho-

slovakiaj. 140-1. 223.
Preston. Captain, an Irishman, 422.
Prevost. Anselnie, 230. 361.

lett«- to, 153.
priests, treatment of, in England, 27 ;

imprisoned 180 ; Trumbull

justities execution of, 32(i«.
of Brussels acquaintance, 131.
and pursuivant. 181. 20(5; king's

condition for i-eleasing. 327.
hanged by Viceroy of Sicily, 198.
stir about execution in England.

328 ; tale of proposed poison-
ing of, 341.
Princes Possessioners. P.P., 70. 101,

216.
and investiture of Ravcstein. 3 ;

and Saxony. 13, 22, 202.
hold Estates in Juliei-s and Berg,

3, .52 ; aiticles proposed by, to

Estates, l(i-7 ; grant of Estates

to, 71, 270, 322.
differences between, 4, 7, 10.
at Kssen, 5-7 ; and the .luterbog

meeting, 33 ; accord between,

C8.
and the Dutch. 10, 13. 37.
and Aix, 33, 40. llti, 130, 173,

198, 223, 423.
at Nuremberg conference, 4() ;

at Rothenburg, 109.
sending to France, 203, 208 ;

advised to send to France,

England and Dutch, 324.
and Prussia, 212.
claim to Ravestein against Saxony,

237.
Markham in seiVice of, 272 ;

Langh employed bv, 313.
and Mulheim, 289, 291, 303, 327.

329, 331, 343, 307, 372, 378,

381. 389. 390, 393, 410, 423.
manifesto at Cologne, against,

340 ; Spinola going against, 344 ;

Spinola declares against, 382.
elector of Mayence and, 351.
Trumbull's letters to. received.

3.53.
nii.ssion to France and England

against Saxony. 358.

Princes I'osscssioners — cunUl.

sending t(j Prague. 301). 381 ;
anibassadoi's see em^X'ror. 408,
417.
uill build no more warships on

Rhine. 387. 389.
appeal to Union, 410.
differences between, 430 ; harm
done by, 438 ; .fames blames
for (|uarrel. 4415.
See ahf) .John Sigisnunid, of Bran-
denburg ; Phili]) William, duke
of Xeuburg.
Privas [Ardeche, France], synod of,

338, 345.
Privy Seal, the lord. See Howard,
Henry, earl of Xorthampton.
privy seals, decision to issue, 13 ;
preparing, 168 ; issued, 201 ;
borrowing on, 217, 233.
proclamations, dissolving i)ai'lianient,
3, 16.
for administering oath of allegi-
ance. 85.
effect of on gold in Flanders, 242.
concerning gold coins. 292.
Prosofiskv, Stadmeister at Prague,

235.
Protestant Princes. See Union,

Piinces of the.
Protestants :

roused about (ieneva, 15.
prefer Matthias as emperor. 233.
proposed fund for war against,
282.

. See ulno Huguenots.

Provence, France, 23, 3(i8.
(iuise goes to, 65, 1 10.
a minister of, 92.
Prussia [German J'JmpireJ, 220. 231,
235, 241, 248, 259, 288, 430,
446.
investiture of Brandenburt; with,
120. 132. 173. 193, 198,' 212-3,
220, 310, 364.
Brandenburg goes to. 143. 202;
Neuburg in, 212. 2.50. 272;
he leaves, 258.
Brandenburg max- be detained in,

352.
threatened by Poles, 352.
public register for general commcice,

64.
Puizieux, Puysieux, marquis de. See

Brulart. Peter,
pursuivants, 181, 266.
Putz. M., 372.
Pyrenees, 321.

524

Q.

(^uoilolphin. See (Jixlolphiii.
I^ucsnoy. Francesco de. letter of, 11)2.
<Vucster. Coster. Matthew ilc, ])ost-
master, 82, 149. 178. 2()1, 278,
298-9, 335, 339, 4U.

, letter to, 231.

, Michael de, i«l.

(^uillcboeuf [Eure, France j. 3(55.
(>)iiint. W.. letter of. 122.
quishings, quissens. See cushions.

R.

Hab, 197.

I'.adclitt'e. Robert, earl of Sus.sex, waits
on Palatine, 391.

Hadesh, Mrs., 290.

Radford, Mr., a cutler, 174.

Hadolo, Prince Stephen, called Stephen
Bogdan, prince of Moldavia,
prince of Bugdina, 183-4.

I'adzivil, Rhadziwilius, 405.

Kaitenau, Heitenan, Wolf Dietrich
von, archbishop of Salzburg,
13.
(juarrel with Bavaria, ItiO, 171 ;
])ursued and taken, 182 ; im-
prisoned, 188; settlement with,
193.

Haleich, Kawleigh, Sir Walter, 109.

Hanihnre, Aramb\ni', M. dc, governor
of Aigues Mortes, 379, 39.').

Ranice. .S'er La Kainec.

HaiiHiiekens, Kanickins | Rrov. Zee-
land, NetherlandsJ, 3.35.

Hanisav, Sir John, vLscount Hadding-
ton, 3. 290.
, Elizabeth, viscountess Had-
dington, 290.
, David, 276.

Ramsey, Ramsey, — , ({uarrcl with
Montgomery, 269.

Randolf, Mr., and nephew, 3()8.

Rans, Thomas, letter of, 290.

Rantzau, Ransou, Garet, Stadholder
of Denmark, 332.
re})orted prisoner, 35ti,

Rathfert, Capt., 23(i.

Ratisbon [Bavaria, (Jernian Knipire],
61,
emperor to live at, 78, 8(), 95, 107.
diet to meet at, 405, 423, 444,

446.
previous diet at, 451.

Ratlief, — , an informer, 10, 19.

Ratliff, 162.

Rauschenborg, Reuschenberg, Ru.sch-
eberg. Colonel, 5, 31, 39, 99,
202.

, lieutenant de, 20.

Ravaillac, Ravallac, Fran^'ois, 1 1.
Ravensberg, Ravenspurg | Westphalia,
German Empire], Kstates of,
270.
Ravestc'in, Ruvestein, |N. Brabant,
A'etherlandsJ. 174^ 19(», 203.
investiture of Saxon\- «ith, 32 :
investiture of Brandenbuig and
Xeuburg with, 72.
Possessioners claim, 237.
Rawbon, Wilham, l^ngli-sh soldier,

359.
Rawleigh. See Raleigh.
Rawlins. See Roelans.
Razim. a Lithuanian prince, 438.
recusants. See Catholics, English.
Redinger. See Riidiger.
Reetzlen, Floris von, 231.
Refuge, Reffuge, Refuges, Kustachu
dc, Fiench ambassador to the
Swiss, 176, 181.
French ambassador to the Nether-
lands, 176-7, 205, 228. 283.
ill, 221, 223.

offers to Dutch, 221 ; at Hague,
223 ; infonns Dutch of marri-
ages, 235.
Regismonti. See Konigsberg.
Reitenau. See Raitenau.
Religion, those of the. See Huguenots.
Requien, baron of, 261.
residents. See mirier ambassadors.
Reuschenberg. See Rauschenborg.
Reynolds, Mrs., 240.
Rheinberg, Rhinebcrg, Rhynljeick,
Rimbeck, Rineberg. Rinesberk,
[Rhenish Prussia, Cerman Km-
pirej, 360.
letter dated at, 363.
governor of, 282.
letters dated at, 425, 445.
Rheinhausen [Rhenish Prussia, Ger-
man Empire], 193.
Rhine, River. 167, 274, 370, 375.
gabelles on the, 367.
Possessioners agree to build no
more warships on, 387, 389.
Rhiiigrave, the. See Salm, count of,
rhubarb, trade in, 183.
Richardot. Jean, president of the arch-
dukes' Council, 361.
Richardson, Hugh, letter from, 169.
Richer, Edniond, syndic of the faculty
of theologv, Paris, 244, 302,
312.
books censined, 257 ; nuncio's
action again.st, 357.

Bei--

Car-
at

Richmond [oo. Surrey], 83.

house of J'rince of' Wales at, letter
dated at, 338.
Ridolfi, Kudolphi, Ale.ssandro, im])erial
ambassador in Spain. 49.

. im]5erial ambas.sador in

France, 333 ; ^oini; on to Spain,
338.
Rietberg, Ridberg, Jolni, count of,
brother of co\mt of I']. Friesland,
58, 202. 274. 282.
Rietberg [Westphalia. (German Kni-

pire], 274.
Rieux, Madame de, 257.
Rimbeck. See Rheinberg.
Rimini, bishop of. See (Jipsio.

Unger.
lings. I(i4.

, vvatchett, I(i4.

Rivarola, Uomenioo. bislioji
Nazareth, later Cardinal,
diual N'azaret, niles al
Rome, 27.
Rivars, — . 3.54.
Roan. <See Rouen.
Robell, Adrian, 421, 449, 450.
Robiano. Rubiano. Balthazar, arch-
dukes' treasui-er i;eneral. 149,
419.
journev to Zeeland, 59.
brother of, 295.
Roche. Count de la. 29.

, la. 378.

Iiochebeaucourt. M. la. See La Roche

Jieaucourt.
Kochefoucaut, count of la. 3.50.
Hocheguyon, count of la. See Silly.

Francois de.
Rnchelle, La |('harente Inf. Fiance],
93, 41().
governor of, 93.
broils at, 365 ; French Heet off,

416,
proposed meeting of Huguenots

at, 379, 395, 448.
the queen and. 432 ; concession
to withdrawn, 439.
Rochembourg, sieur de, 74.
Rochester, co. Kent, 29().

, bishop of. See Ruckerage.

.John.

, vi.scount. See Carr, Robert.

Rodenburg, Rodenborg, Theodore.
Dutch commissioner to Spain,
(i7, 9(), l(il-2, 300.
Rodney. .Mr.. 90. 16(i.
Rodolph, prince of Anhalt, 2()5.
Rodolph, ilispevcier of countess of

Woi'cest^r, 374.
Rodriiio. Don. »SVc Calderon, Rodrigo.

Roelans, Rawlins, Roulans. Rowlands,
.Jan Baptista, 247, 278. 307-8.
313, 319, .334, 3C0, 371, 381,
391, 400, 431. 437, 439.
Rohan. Benjamin de. seigneur de

Soubise, 25(>.

Rohan. Henry, duke of, 25(), 302, 351.

and the Saumur assembly, 79 ;

difference with regent, 27(i, 279.

284. 28fi. .329. 345. 368, 39.5, 415.

writes to rianies, advice iiivcn to,

338.
broil with Barrault. 341.
makes submission, 432.
Rohan, Hercules de, duke of Mont-

bazon, Mombazon. 100, 365.
Roiston. See Roj'ston.
RomaiLS, king of the :

election of. 33, 74-5. 114, 168.
LSl-2, 188, I9ti. 202; aspirants
for, 70-1, 95, ItH).
intrigues about, 226 ; Albert's
ambition to be, 242.
Rome, Italy : 9, 12, 221?;, 258, 304.
324, 379.
bishop of Nazareth rules all at.
27 ; likely to be consulted
about Seymour, 89 ; important
to keep Seymour from, 117.
and Cermany, 129, 383.
affront to Card, .loyeuse at. 1.34.
and Jesuits at Paris. 216.
Neyen going to, 242. 273 ; Flem-
ing at about founding new
orders, 349 ; Ne\-en back from,
380.
report at of bethrothal of Riince

of Wales, 338.
need to join forces against. 356.
concern in, about .Vlulheiin. 384.
Rompero, an engineer, 274.
Roose, Rose, Rosse, loid. See Cecil.

WiUiam.
Roquelaure, Antoine de, lieutenant
governor of Guienne. 333. 341,
345.
Roquiniere, M. de la, 257.
Ro.senberg, Rossenberg, Herr \on,

144, 152, 196.
1-iosny. marquis of. See Bethune,

Maximilien de. jun.
Rossi, Ros.sy. Carlo di. ambassador of

Mantua in England, 304-5.
Rossinghani, Mr., gentleman sewer

to the king, 400.
Rothenburg, Hotemboiirg, Rothem-
bourg. Rottemberg) [Hesse
Cassel, German Empire], 133.
meetjni; of Union at, 99, 109,
114.5, 120-2, 125, 129, 145.
172, 213.

526

Kothonburt; — coiitd.

account of proceecliii<fs at. 122;

princes leave, 134.
diet at. 304.
Rott<>rdani [Piov. S. Holland, Nether-
lands]. 47. 101-2. 132?(, 205,
221, 223, 293. 358.
letter dated at. 410.
Pensionary of. See Barneveldt,
I'^lias van Olden.
Rouen, Roan [Seine inf're, France],

GO, 82.
Rouet, M. de. a captain of the guard,

368.
Roulans. See Roelans.
Rouvray, M. de, chief deputy of the
Huguenots, 395, 41G. 432. 439.
Row, Thomas, of London. 1()9.
Rovston. Roiston. Wiston, co. Herts.,
I()4, 180, 187, 197, 221, 417,
433, 435, 436, 447.
house prepared for Palatine at,
392.
Rubiano. See Robiano.
Riidiger. Redinger, Rudinger, Felix,
emperor's commissioner for Aix,
387, 389.
Rudolph II, the emperor, 43, 68, 241,
254, 259, 390, 451.
and Saxony, 15, 37, 58, 103-4,
109 ; affected by Elector's
death, 106.
and the Cleves succession, 15,

37, 54, 64, 115.
and the Bohemians, 17, 18. 20,
22. 28. 36, 38, 55, 57, 61, 71,
75, 86. 95.
at Prague when Passau troops
arrive, 18, 22 ; causes trouble
by keeping thein, 19.
disavows La Ramee, 24 ; in
danger, 26 ; favours Leopold,
28 ; pay for La Ramee's men,
35-6 ; sends money to troops,
76.
and Matthias. 24, 28, 3(), 38-9, 50,
56, 8(i. 98-9 ; .sends Zuniga to
Matthias, 39.
Lesieur only sees once. 27 ;

Leopold takes leave of. 3().
fulminates against Leopold. 38-9 ;
army of, 42 ; and Passau
troops, 50-1, 53.
left without support, 38-9 ; help-
less, 40-1 ; dislike of affairs,
41.
i-emains at Prague. 40 ; Spain

considers useless. 52.
council of, examined, 50 ; coun-
cillors of imprisoned, 51, 68;
servants of arrested, 57.

Pvudoli)h II— ff;/)W.

ex])ected to abdicate, 68 ; gets

coronation of Matthias post-
poned, 71 ; not present at

coronation, 73.
terms of agreement with .Mathias.

74-5 ; jjaciiication with Mathias.

81.
announces meeting of electors at

Mulhausen, 74 ; those on the

side of, 75.
going to live at Ratisbon. 78, 8(),

95 ; provision for, 80.
Spaniards and succession to. 95 ;

and Sassello, 142.
tries to win over Protestant

princes, 95 ; vacillation of, 97.
appoints comniissionere. 99 ;

negotiations with Matthias, 100,

102. 104, 109. 112.
and the Palatinate. 103 ; confirms

Deuxponts as administrator,

112, 120-1, 126.
letter of .lohn George of Saxony

to, 103 ; sends condolences to

him. 106 ; tries to win him,

116, 121.
will not leave Prague, 107 ;

Saxonv begs to go to Mulhausen,

122.
settlement with Matthias, 112,

114. 120. 126. 139. 208-9.
and Aix, 108, 116, 120. 125-6,

212, 216-7, 227. 231. 240;

mandate against Aix. 145. 188,

289.
apologises for levy of Pa.ssauers,

120; .sends for Hanau, 134,

141 ; Hanau has audience of,

152.
and Xuremberg meetin<;, 129,

158-9, 164. 168.
Brunswick represents at banquet.

1 34 ; Brunswick well disjjosed

to, 19().
wants to leave Prague, 141, 148,

205: journey postponed, 144,

152 ; preparing to leave, 159.
to winter at Prague, 144 ; leaves

Prague, 14(i ; .Anhalt going

with, 1.52.
decides to acknowledge Union,

144 ; asks for support of Union,

148; embass}' from Union to,

152 ; kindness to Union, 168.
((uestion of homage to. 14(5 ; plan

to depose, 151.
.said to have asked hand of

Klectress Palatine. 158.
and Silesia, 172.

Jiudolph 11 — (oiitil.

has no love for Matthias, liW ;

fears consequences of election

of king of the Romans. 191 ;

wants election postponed. 100.

202.
mandate banishiut; Knghsh

merchants from empire, 196.
will strengthen treaty of Juter-

bog, 203.
and Neuburg, 211-3.
can get no rest. 21 1 ; death. 219,

223, 22(3-7, 2-tO-l ; loss little

felt, 229 ; Bohemians regret,

396.
value of treasure left by. 229 ;

mourning for. 245, 264 ; con-
dolences for, 261, 274. 281.
(jroperty and debts of, 3()7 ;

division of inlieritance, 42.^.
valet to. Nee Rusky.
Kudolphi. See Ridolfi.
Kufach, Ruffach, Rupach, in Alsace

[France], 4, 193.
Ruffia, Claudio, count of Cartignana.

Carraagnan, Count de Ruffi,

Savoyard ambassador in France.

14.
ambassador to England, 25. 27,

34, 05. 105, 201, 250. 296.
assurances about Geneva, 47.
feasted, 47 ; marriage proposals

of, 52-3, 65-6, 107. 187, 197.

206 ; passes through Bi'ussels,

62.
difference with French ambassa-
dor, 47, 53, 62, 67.
first audience of, 66 ; relations

with Velasco, 67, 187.
returning to England, 90. 106,

157, 167. 170, 174; arrives

and audience, 180-1.
presents brought by, 192, 201 ;

leaves, 217, 222. "
rugs, 165, 309.
Humpane, — . 431.
Ruscheberg. See Rauschenborg.
Rusky, ButUy, Ruzki, valet to

emjieror Rudolph, arrested, iWK

235, 238 ; hangs himself. 24 1 .
Rassell, George, letters of, 327. 341.

, wife of. 327, 341.

, — , friend of Trumbull. 38t),

388.

, Mr., 399, 400.

Russia. <S'ce JIuscovy.

Hussy, M. de, French ambassador at

the Hague, 69, 72, 113, 177,

181.
to ask Dutch to assume French

debt to England, 76, 102.

Rutland, carl of. See Manners, Roger-

Ruvestein. See Ravcnstein.

Ryder, Sir William, 139.

Ryt. William, van den, of Brodchen.
general of the Dutch horae,
knighted by .lames, 435».

S.

S., ft. lie. 235.

Sachsmar | Hungary], 133.

Saclllo. See Sassello.

Sackville, Richard, earl of Dorset,

()0, 72, 325.
at Paris. 220.
at Brussels, 25(), 2()6. 276.

, Edward, 28().

, Thomas, 104.

. , carl of Dorset, loi'd

Buckhui'st. the lord ti'ea.surer,

398.
saddle, 62.

St. Andre, baron of. See du Puy, — .
St. Bernard, "■ hypocrite monk of,"

228.
St. Denis, Denys [Seine, France], 72.
Saint Esprit. Holv (ihost, knights of

the, 439.
St. (lerinain. marquis of. See Jlen-

doza. Juiin de.
St. Germain en Laye | Seine et Oise,

France], 72, 11(», 115. 386.
fair of, 8.
St. Hilaire. M. de, 241.
St. lago, order of, 123.
St. Jean d'Angelv [Charente Infeiicure,

France], "93, 270. 286». 329,

365. 368. 395.
, lieutenant governor of. .S'ee

La Roche Beaucourt.
St. Lary, Roger de, due de Bellegarde,

grand ecuver de France, M.

le Grand, "l5. 23, 4(), 54, 2.56.

3.50. 368. 378.
St. Lazare, ordei' of, 24.
St. Lis. See Senlis.
St. Luc. M. de. -S'ee Ks|)inay. Tinio-

leon d'.
St. Michael's Mount, the .Mount, co.

Cornwall, 331.
St. Omer [Pas de Calais, France], 2S»,

33.
English refugees at, 59, 259, 272.
St. Pol, St. Paul, count of. .S'ee Or-
leans, Francis of.
St. Sauveur, Sansovcr. .M. de, OS. 2(i,

47, 60, 64. 85.
St. Sebastian [Prov. (!ui[)uzcoa. .SjiainJ,

27, 78, 111.

528

St. Valerv, Valerv [Soiiime. France],

256, 355.
St. Victor, abbot of. See Chaiivalon,

Harlai dc.
St. Vincent, Ca])e |Portii,<.'al j. 3«4.
St. Vital. Count, 117.
Ste. Aldegonde, in Sa^-ov, lui-dslii}) of.
346.

. seigneur dc. See Marnix.

Philippe do.
Ste. (.'atherine, M. dc, Frencli envoy to
the Elector I'alatine, 2!lo, 429.
Salamanca [Prov. Salamanca, Spain],

.le.smts College, 185.
Salinas, conde de. 380.
Salisbury, earl of. See Cecil, Robert.
Salkcld, Salkwekl. See Dalston, .lohn.
Salm I Prov. Luxemburg, Belgium ],
count of, 31 .
the Rhingrave. 371 .
troopere of, 31.
Salman, Mr., 298.

Salmon, Sallmon. " vour brother."
296, 410.

, William, letter of. 407.

salt, dispute over, 144.

makers of false, called
soniers," 1 87.
Salter, Mr., 219.

father of, 219.
Salvaggo. Giovaimi Battista,
of Luni Sarzana, papal
at Prague, 77, 80, 97-8,
at Nuremberg. 164.
Salzburg, Saltzburg [Upper Austria]:
6.
dispute with Bavaria, 144.
archbisliopric of, 241.
chapter of, 182. 188.
archbisliop of. «Se« Raitenau,
Wolf Dietrich von.
Samker. See Crichton, Robert, baron

Sanquhar.
Sampsone, Mr., 183.
Sancy, seigneur de. See Harlay.

Achille de.
Sandoval y Rojas. Bernard II de,
(ardinal archbishop of Toledo,
books seized and sent to, 111.
and communion at Digbv's house,
111.

, Francesco de. duke of

l..erma, the duke. 07. OO, Kil.
184. 328, 354.
sick, out of favour, 123 ; recover-
ing, 140-1.
and marriage pro])osals, 171 ; will
hinder king marrying if po.ssible,
278.
control of business by. 24(i.
Calderon, page to. 274.

faus-

bishop
nuncio
114.

Sandoval y Rojas — canld.

signs marriage contract for king,

365.
N'eyen confers with, 380 ;
strengthens house by marriages,
432.

, , .son of. 1 40.

Sandys, Sands, Sannes, Sir Kdwin,
spoken of for Brussels. 146.
181, 226.
Sanford, .John, 108, 112. 203. 438.

letters from. 27. ah, 110. 141.
162, 184, 190-1. 214, 225, 244.
261, 284, 301. 319, 353, 366,
384, 400, 430.

referred to, 205. 217.
journey to Spain, 20, 27. 32. 46,

.53, .5.5-6, 60; ill. 27, l.3!l.
Spanish graunnar of, 28, 46.
paper on tobacco by, 28.
• lames warns not to turn .(esuit,

56.
negro boy of dies at Paris, 366.
San Lucar [Prov. Cadiz, Spain], 161,
181.
bay of, 384.
Sanquhar, Sancher, Sankard, bar<m.

See Crichton, Robeit.
Sansover. See St. Sauveur.
Santa Cruz, manjuis of. See Bazan,

Alvaro de.
Saragossa, Caragoca, Aragon, Sjiain.
dispute with nuncio. 111. 1 23.

. bishop of. See liorja.

Thomas de.
Sardinia, C'crdenna. island of. 226.
Sarmiento. Don Diego, de ,\ciuia.
a])ixjinted ambassador to
Kngland, 313, 318, 328;
stayed. 381.
Saros. Sarors, count of, 14().
Sarum, co. Wilts, 106.
Sassello. Sacillo. Sassell [Prov. Genova.
Italy |. imperial tief. 135, 139,
142.'
Saunujr [Maine et Loire. France]. 72.
11.5, 139, 151.
letter dated at. 121.
Huguenot assembly at, 6,5, (i9,
136. 187 ; proceedings at
as.sembly, 79, 82, 86, 92, 94,
100. 104, 107-8, IK), 113. 115,
117-8. 121-2, 129. 13(). 13.3. 137.
libel against, 1 15 ; to be dissolved,

134, 143.
deputies from. 149, 157.
Savari, Fran90is de, sieur de Breves,
French ambassador at Rome,
9.
Savenie [Alsace]. 193.

529

Savona, bishop of. See Costa. Fran-
cesco.
Savoy : 53, 79. 1.50, 396.
Spanish troops in, 8.
troops of, 31-2.
princess of, proxJosed marriage

with Nemours. 184, 186.
talk of match with Spain, 214.
Spanish match a blow to, 251.
Knglish alliance with advocated.
251-2 ; French desire to pre-
vent. 252 ; marriage negotia-
tions with England, 383-4.
Wotton going to, 254.
duke of. See Charles Emanuel I.
princes of. See Filiberto ; Victor

Amadeus.
princesses of. See Catherine :
Isabella ; Margaret ; Maria.
Sawyer, Mr., 207.

Saxe Weimar, duke of. See WiUiam.
Saxony [German Empire] : 43. 254.
deputies of, letters of Matthias to,

60.
supports emperor, 75.
inquirv into wasted treasures of,

116."
dukes of, 285. See Christian II ;

John George,
electress of. See Hedwig.
house of, 227.

investiture of Ravestein

siranted to, 3. 4 ; claims

to Cleves, 14-5, 108. 174.

191.

treaty concerning .luliers, 42 ;

and treaty of .luterbog, 216.
schemes of. 211.
envoys of, expected at Cologne,

203-4.
postmaster of, 219.
prince of. See Augustus,
scammony, scamony, trade in, 183.
Scarborough warning. 54.
Schaff haiisen, Schaffenhaiisen [Switzer-
land] : sends help for Berne
and Geneva, 29.
Schelde, Skeld, River, river of Ant-
werp : 260, 361, 403.
question of opening. 260, 281.
Schetz, Com-ad, de Grobbendonck,
baron of Hoboken. Hobocqiie.
Hoboger. 51. ()3.
Schlavata, 73.
Schlieden, count of. 144.
Schonberg, Sehomberg. Schombierg.
Schooneberg, Schonenberg.

Colonel Hans. 2.58. 371. 377.
417.
mission to Dutch. (iO. 235.

Schonberg — contd.

mission to England. 329. 330-1,
342-3, 352, 354.

Palatine awaits x-eturn of,

336 ; back. 355.
letter of. 292.
Schutsen. Jean. Swedish ambassador

in Holland. 4.
Schwartzenbiu-g. Swartzembourg.

Count. 348'. 358, 363, 389, 393.
445.
Schweinfurt. Sdiwinfurt, Sweinfort.
Swinfort [Lower Franconia,
Bavaria, German Empire] :
meeting of ITnion at, 22, 26. 46,

54.
meeting of lOlectore at. 104.
Scilly islands. Sillcv. 331.
Scotland : 20, 276.

Abbot's .service in. 44.
Scots :

pasquil touching. 3 ; squib

against. 297, 316.
of the bedcliamber. grant to, 20,

28.
services at Bruges, 126.
a lord, kills Mr. Devereux, 332.
guard, in France, 23, 321.

appeal to James, 100; men

restored, 346.
captaincy of, 333.
seminary for, at Douay, 273.
troops for Danish wars, 276.
Scott. Scot, Father Robert, S.J., or
Ciistick ; founding seminary
in Flanders. 247, 273.

. William, O.S.B.. a priest,

executed, 326, 328.
sculpture, for Prince Hemy. 238.
seal, signet given to Rochester, 344.
Searle, Serle, John. 85. 102. 142. 14,5.
161, 181.
letter from, 293.
secretaries. See lui/ler ambassadors.
Secretary of State : appointment of
new, 306, 314-5. 371. 374, 392,
420, 436. See Cecil, Robert,
earl of Salisbury ; Herbert, Sir
John.
of France. See Neufville, Nicolas
de, seigneur de Mlleroi ; Phelip-
peaux, Paul,
of Spain. .SVe Arosteguy, An-
tonio de ; Mancididor ; Prada,
.Andreas de.
Sedan [Ardennes. Franc^e] : 23. 60,
178. 333. 340-1. 353, 3.5.5, 357,
414. 429. 440.
academy at. 72.

letters dated at. 170. 220. 238,
372. 416.

Down. 111—34

530

Sedan — contd.
post of, 2()t>.
Trumbull at, 381.
Segar, Sejiard. .Sesior, FiiUicis : 1.54,
1 74^5, 18(t. 18H. 394.
acconipanifs Otto (if'Hes.sc. I l(i.
Sefiovia [Prov. Sei£ovia. Spain | : Kil.
Seidelius. — , 73.
Sciiner. See Seymour.
Solles, baron dc. See Sullv. Phili]i

de,
Selve, Lazare dc, seiuiicur du Brucil.
president of Mctz. fi-ench am-
bassador to Ai.x, 143. 140, l.iO.
seminaries, lOiijjlish :

Ci-esswell workinii for one in Spain,

()7.
.archdukes' contrilnitions to
erection of, 127.
Scnevieres, baron de. governor of

Chatillon, (io. 8ti.
Senlis. St. Lis |Oise. France |, 181. 214.

38(>.
Sei'in. count of, 194.
Serle. See Searle.

Servin, Louis, king's advocate in
Parlement of Paris. 118. 199.
speech against Jesuits, 20(i-7.
Sevenburgen. See Transylvania.
Seville [Andalusia. Si>ain|: 2(»4. 4(Ml.
news from, 380.
Cottington to be consul at, 212.

214. 2(i5.
Sarmicnto made (ixsiMeiile of, 381.
Seymour, Seimer, Seymer, Frances,
countess of Hertford, 32.

, William. 92, 9().

■^rrundjull .sees aichduke about.

88; Trumbull interviews, 91.

instructions about, 89, 90. 97 ;

Trumbull's rejKirt upon, 90-2.
not dangerous, 98-9 ; reported

submission, 10,5.
and the archdukes. 105-().
and X'enice, 117; goes to France.

127 ; at Paris, 149, HKi, 220.
at Luxemburg, description . of,
214.
Shelton, Thojuas. 23(i-7.
Slicrban. prince of, defeated bv

Bathori, 137.
Sherborne, Shcrbourne, Mr.. 1(14. 240.
344.
wife oi; 240.
Sherley, Shirley, Sir Antony. 142. 102.
favours granted to in Spain. 123,
141.

, Sir tieorge, 431.

, Sir Robert, amba.ssador of

Persia, 247.

Sherley. Sir Robert — covUl.

at Rotterdam. 101-2; railed at

by Spaniards. 123 ; has

audience. 148, 155. 192.
Peraian wife of. 101.
. Thomas, fither of .Anthony

and Robc-rt. 101.
shi|)S :

ca])tured by piiates, 106. I()9.
from \'irginia. HXi. 179.
news brought by. 119.
iccovcred from |>irates. I(i9.
many lo.st in storm at Lisbon.

4(io. 402.
to fetch eland deer, 40<i(i.
nanu's of. See Dincoreri/ :

Matheiv ; Trailen I ticrextHe.
Dutch : Denmark seizes. 81.

loss to Spanish in K. Indies.
131.
I'"nglish : reporteil attack on

Si)anish galleys. 380.
French : cx]iedition to Canada.

I3(i.
Spanish : loss inflicted bv. on

Dutch, 131.
Shomshi. Stephen. See Tomsa.
Shrewsbuiy, countess of. See Talbot.

-Vlary.

, earl of. See Talbot, Gilbert.

Sicliem. Sichen. Ziehen fProv. Brabant,

Belgium |, 3()9.
iinitiny at. 222.
Sicily, island of, 77. 22(').'

, viceroy of. See Vigliena.

nuirquis of.
Sidney. Sydney, Rf)bert, viscount

Lisle, governor of Flushing,

70-1, 109, 221, 223, 228, 277,

,32(i, 33<). 352, 3.58.
letter <jf. 37(i.
. Sir Robert, second son of.

70-1.
. Sir William, eldest .son of.

70-1.
Siebenburgen. <9ee Transylvania.
Sigisnunifl 111. king of Poland, the

Polacker. the Pologne. 77. 113.

438.
and Pru,ssia. 132. 173. 177. 193.

205. 212; helps Prince Slier-
ban, 137.
and war w ith Russia. 193. 333 ;

Turk taking arms against, 352 ;

war with Turks apprehended,

441.
receives elector oi Brandenburg,

203.
(iustavus does not wish help of,

.333 ; difference w ith Sweden,

364.

531

Sisiisimincl TIT — cnntd.

troo])s demand pay from, 352.
expected to invade Finland, 436 ;
Turks n\idy to attack, 442.
Silesia, Slesia [(iermaii Kmpire], (iO,
112, 208-!).
.sendin}; help to Prajiiie, 20 ; for

the emperor, 75.
deputies of. 58, 75 ; Estates of,

I4t), 152.
princes of, 144.
dispute with Estates of Bohemia.

71.
Matthias j:oes to, 134, 144;
Matthia.s and, 172.
silk: 85.

grogram. grogrine, Kil.
trade in. at I'orte. 183.
Italian trade in, in Flanders, 42().
Sillei'v, commander of. See Bndart,
Xoel.

, seigneur de. See Bindart,

Nicolas.
Sillev islands. See Scillv.
Silliard, Richard, 118, 147.
Sill\-, Fraufois, de, count of la Hoche-

guyon : 439.
Skeld. See Schelde.
Skelton, Joseph, iiiereliant of ]?ott«r-
dam : inventions of, 223. 21I3-4.
letter of, 41().
Skidmore, a swaggering captain, I 17.
skins, red, for TnimbuU, 3.5(i.
Skvnner, Skinner, Daniel, 179, 195.
228. 4()fl.
lettei-s from. 2(K), 255, 302, 418..
Slade. Mr.. 29.
Slesia, See Silesia.
Slick. Joachim. Andreas, 112.
Sluvs, Slus [Prov. Zeeland, Nether-
lands], 422.
small pox: at Madrid. 140, 142, 162.
Smissauski. 73.
Smith, Ottwell, 79, 101.
Smith, Dr. Richard, secular priest, 304.
Smith. iSir Thomas, 412.
Soanie. Somes, Sir Stephen, 169.
Soane, Mr., steward to l^ord Roos,

158, 165.
soaj), 170.
sodomy, priest burned at Madrid for.

HI.
Soetern, Philip Christo})her von, bishoj)

of Sjiire, 99, 164,430,444.
Soissons [Aisnc, France] : 1 72.

, count of. See Bourbon.

Charles de, and Louis de.

, countess of. See Bourbon,

Anne de.
Soleure [Switzerland | : dejnities to
Savov, 39.

Soliman II, Sultan of Turkey: 441.
Sollern, count of. See Hohenzollern.
Solms, a count of. 106, 439.

, Count Albert of, great

chamberlain of Elector Palatine,
371, 377, 392.
Solms Lich, count of. .SVe John (ieorge,

of Solms.
Solre, coimt of. See t'rov, Philippe

de.
Somcar. See Crichton. Robert, baron

Sanquhar.
Somers, Sommers, Sir George, 85.
Somerset, county of, 164.
Somerset, Sir Cliarles, 302.

, Kdward, earl of Worcester,

197. 30(i, 33(1. 391. 414. 434.
, IClizabeth. countess of Wor-
cester, 414.
letter from, 343.
letter to. 374.

.Sir Thoma,s. 161, 286, 290,

356.
letter from, 356.
Somes. iS'ef Soame.
Sonetz. count of. councillor of .Arch-
duke Leopold, 41.
songs, Spanish, 394.
Sonjon, baron de, 395.
Sophia Hedwig, countess of Nassau

Dietz, 275;/.
Sophy. See Abbas I. shah of Persia.
Sor. count of. See Croy. Philippe de.

count of Solre.
.sorcerere : designs against (|ueen

regent. 368. 378.
sorcery, book of charms, 387.
Sonbise, seigneur de. See Rohan,

Benjamin de.
Sound, the : 81 .

increase of dues for entering, 332.
Dutch would like to force, 333.
Soutem, Jan van, letter of, 374.
Southampton, earl of. See Wriothe-

sley, Henry.
Souvre. Souvray, Gilles de, the king's
governor', governor of Tour.'^,
86.
replaced, 94.
son of, 86.
Spa [Prov. Liege. Belgium]: 105, 340.
Chandos going to, 335 ; l^nglish

visitore to. 343-4.
waters. 117, 327, 343.
letter dated at. 344.
Spain: 12. 16, 23, 25, 27, 32. 53, 5().
67-8. 110, 1,56, 167, 204, 243.
257. 282. 291-3, 302, 338. 356,
422, 424.
Elizabeth used Flanders war to
exhaust, 251.

582

Spain — conld.
1611 :

consulted about investituR' of

Ravestein, 3, o ; encroachment

at Sassello, 135. 139, 142.
forces in Italy, 4 : anil Savov. 14,

76, 151, 157.
and Germany, 26, 52. 129 ; and

the emperor. 102: and Matthias,

114.
and Barbary. 49 ; pirates capture

ships off, 106.
fear of English reprisals in, fiO ;

and Virginia. 67. 85, 96.
nuncio in France accused of

favourinji, 79 ; and Colleije of

Cardinals, 134.
likely to be consulted about

Seymour. 89 ; contribution to

seminaries, 127.
intrigues to secure empire, 95 ;

peace overtures to Dutch, 99 ;

Reffuge to suggest peace H'itii.

206.
relies on Spinola for peace

negotiations, 97. 101.
secures investiture of Finale, 98.
Robert Sherlev. passes through.

101-2.
Turks complain of ill treatment of

Moriscoes in, 107.
danger to Dutch fiiiiii. 138 ; close

alliance with France, 1 39 ; plots

against Dutch, 147.
decree in against soldiei's" i^laims

for pension.s, 141.
lOnglish visitors in. 14() ; wrongs

done to English merchants in.

196-7, 201.
first to propose match with

England, 148 ; Digbv's pro-

jx).sal to, 150.
suspicions causeii by alliance with

France, 150 ; probable motives,

151.
hatred for England, 158 ; England

willing for treaty with, 177.
Dutch complaints against, 161,

170 ; Dutch send fleet to. to

get right, 201.
and the French match, 171 :

mission of Mayenne to, 199.
iSavoy proposes league against.

1 75 ; Savoy offers to send

daughters to, 176.
monev sent from, to Flanders,

186, 199.
threatens invasion of Virginia,

189. U«l.
favours Ansrlo Savov match. 197.

Spain, 1611 — conkL

fear of Dutch piactising with,

against Kngland, 197.
James ill treated by, 205 ; and

Tyrone, 236.
marriages to be proclaimed in,

205.
1612:

ill treatment of merchants in,

221 ; miserv to live upon mercy

of, 245, 26 i.
values friendship of England, 226 ;

travellers in, 235.
and Ireland. 236-7 ; hostility to

England, 251-2; objection to

English match. 252.
wool of. 236.
troops levied in, to serve in

Netherlands, 242 ; money sent

from to Antwerp, 317.
and (ieirnanv. 248, 262, 382. 390 ;

and the Dutch, 325.
relations with France, 251, 320,

432 ; antipath\' to French in,

334.
Savoy alUance counterpoise

against, 252 ; breaks league of

Venice and Orisons, 351.
complaints of English merchants

in. 26 1 ; and English cloth, 361.
desires peace, 269 ; ]X)ssible treaty

with England, 297.
Xeyen going to, 273 ; Mayenne

likely to create scarcity in,

284 : .Mavcnnc's reception in,

,340.
plan to furnish with cloth from

Flanders, 280.
hopes of treaty with Dutch, 300 ;

offer of jjeace by, 303, 318.
envoy of Leopold to, 305 : money

sent from, to Flanders. 391.
Madame preparing to go to. 321.
and Virginia, 329, 380, 384.
unlikely to break with Dutch for

Aix or Mulheim, 336 ; doing

utmost to create obstacles, 384.
and the Grisons, 351 : sus)>icion

of intrigues in Italy, 362.
and Saxon\-, 355, 364. 384.
will supjxjrt emperor aaaiiist

Turks, 367.
wants defensive league with

France. 368 ; contract w ith

France, 373, 383.
last hope of papists, 376 ; Spinola

awaiting instructions from, 381.
report of hostility with England,

380 ; archdukes prohibition

of cloth promoted by, 444.
encroachments in Xavarre, 417.

5355

Spain, 1012 — contil.

council of, 96. 379, 38U.
fleet of. 49.

galleons lost oif Florida, 328 ;
galleys of, 379 ; reported
English attack on. 380.
Hacienda, 379, 430-1.
president of, 225.
Infant of. See Alon.S() ; Philip.
Infantas of. iS'ee Anne, daughter

of Philip 111 ; Maria Anna,
king of. See Philip 11 ; Philip

III.
monk of, 368.

ordinary (post) of, 154, 424.
queen of. See Anne of Austria ;

Margaret of Austria.
treasure fleet, flote, 162, 179, 181.
366, 384, 4(Kt, 402, 417. 420.
424, 437-9.

treasure brought by, 451.
Spaniards :

regret death of aruhbisln)p of

Cologne, 242.
ivception in Paris, 345 ; becoming

more odious to French. 357.
reported repulse in Virginia, 400.
troops, :

in Savoy, 8, 23
in Milanese, 24

Parma, 1 17.
mutiny of, 60.
sent to Flanders,

402.
cost to king, 242.
in Pastrana's train,
365.
Spanish friar, 310, 318.
spectacles, 432.

Spencer, Spense, James, laird of Wor-
niiston, English envoy to
Sweden, 310.
Spier. See Spire.

Spifanie, Samuel. seigneur des

Bisseaux. Byssieux, French

ambassador to England, 8, 197,

276, 296. 315.

dispute with Rufiia. 47. 53, 62.

67.
assists alKJut Seymour. 92.
on Spanish match, 171 ; tried to

prevent Savoy match. 252.
dines at Whitehall, 290.
dispute «ith Velasco, 296-7.
come about marriages, 331.
Spinola, Ambrose, marquis of Benaffro,
the Marquis: 96. Ill, 113, 269,
284, 342. 421.
and Geneva. 8.
leaves Paris, 46.

thefts bv.

recalled, 77.
26 ; intrigues in

237. 2MK 242,

Spinola, Ambiose — conUl.

made a grandee and of the
Golden Heeec, 67.

likely to have charge of peace
negotiations. 97, 101.

mission to France and Klandera,
231-2, 257, 261-3. 316; sup-
posed design against Dutch,
232.

c()nsulte<l about Flandci's. 231 ;
expected in Flanders, 242 ;
delayed. 244.

may go to England. 232. 2-14 ;
answer about, 245.

to be made grandee, 242, 244 ;
made grandee. 261, 263.

starts, 277 ; at Paris, 302, 312 ;
expected at Marimont, 303.

financial diiKculties, 300 ; treasure
in hands of, 348.

jxnvers of. 303, 317 ; at Brussels
316-7, 322 ; going to Cologne,
319; journeys of, .342. 348
351-2. 355.

meeting with Zuniga, 322, 336
Zuniga's relations with, 339.

rumoured preparations of, 336
talk of expelling Princes from
.Juliers, 344.

said to be aiming at Aix, 351 ;
much caressed at Prague, ready
to enforce ban, 367 ; splendidlv
received, 370, 382.

Saxon claims transferred to, 356-7.

probable instructions to, 366 ;
has audience of emperor, 372 ;
expected at Cologne, 378.

S])ain to keep force under, 376 ;
Zuniga to meet, 430.

cxjjected action aginst Aix antl
Mulheim, 377, 433 ; to raise
force to execute emperor's
(jrdei-s, 378 ; to deal with Mul-
heim. 385. 408.

high opinion of Klesl, 378, 385-6 ;
business at Prague, 381 ; at
Marimont to report to archduke,
382.

going to Bohemia to await in-
structions, 381 ; Germany will
suffer from designs, of, 446.

wariike activities of. 382 ; effects
of mission to Prague seen, 387.

gets emperor's promises for Albert,
390 ; attends conference at
Bruhl, 405.

gets emperor to give Cleves to
Xeuburg, 424.

would like to break the truce. 437.

534

.Spiuola, (jliiston, count of Urouct,
Hruayc, 31(i, 432.
secret uiiderstaiidinfi with arch-
dukes, 424.
Spiiiohi, Orazio, archbisho)) of (leuoa,

legate of Ferrara, 287.
Spire, Spier [Bavarian Palatinate,
(ierman Knipire], 440.
news from, 100.
Ini|)erial Chamber at. «, Kid, 230.

2.33, 3ti7.
deputies <if. and Frankfurt. 341,

343.
bishop of. See Soetern, Philii)
Christopher von.
Stade. Stoad [Hanover, (iernian ICni-
])ire], 47.
stajile removed from, 85, 13(i, lot) ;
ivasons for leaving, 19(i.
iStampel, Richard, 33<).
Stanhope, Margaret nee Mackwilliams,

ladv Stanhope, 27(i.
Stanihurst. lli-., 442.
Staniwise, Mr., a priest, 131.
Stanley, Sir William, 243, 429.

Irish tro()]is of, in mutinv, 222h.
debt of, 324.
Star Chamber, 16, 109.
Staremberg, Starenberg, baron, am-
ba.ssador of Matthias to Wurt-
eniberg and Heidelberi;, 52, 57,
61.

, barons of, 78.

States. See Netherlands.
Steenhuyse. M. van. 413.
Stemboi'ch, Gustavius Kricksen. baron
fie Orenstein. Swedish arn-
ba.ssador in Holland, 4.
Stiike, Dr., aniba.ssailor of the Princes
Possessionei's to France, 355,
358, 3(i4.
Stoad. See Stade.
Stockholm, Sweden, Danish

marches against, 332.
stockings, hose : 1(52, \(iH.

, Milan silk, 388.

Stoneleigh, co. Warwick, park.
Stralen, Olaus, Swedish ambassador

in Holland, 4.
Stralcndorf, — , imperial councillor :
Union asks for disniissial, 148.
Strange. — , a Jesuit, IB, 19.
Strasbin-g [Alsace, France], 20.
news from, 4, (i, 39, 444.
recruiting at, 440.
bishopric of, 182, 370.
canon of. 1 82.

deputies of, and l">ankfort, 341,
343.
Strati, Carlo, of (ienoa, n\erchant, I8().

king

140.

Strigonia (Gran.), archbishop of. See

Forgatz. Francis.
Stuart. Arabella, lady Aibella, 87,
iW-l, 99.
escape of, 85. 88; brought back,
89, 92, 96, 98, 213.

. Ksme, sieur d'Aubigny, 286.

, Ludovic. duke of Lenno.x.

Leno.x. 197, 286.
waits on Palatine, 391.
Studder. Sir Robert. See Anstruther.
Studder, Sir Thomas, 30. 444.

certificate of, 359.
Stuttgart, Stuckart, Stutgart [Wurtem-
berg, German Empire |, 54, 274,
395, 443.
news from, 57.

letters dated at, 274. 337, 392,
397, 410, 417, 433, 438.
iStyria, 15.
Suckhn, Mr., 139.
Sueland. See Sweden.
Suffolk, earl of. See Howard, Tlujuuis.
sugar : tiiken in piize, 332, 412.
Sully, due de. <S'ee Bethune, .Maxi-

milien de.
iSidz. Count of, 26, 74.
declared infame, 80.
wife of. 68.
Sussex, earl of. See Radcliffe, Robert.
Sutton, Thomas, " rich old," 140, 201.

306.
Swartzembourg. See Schw artzenburg.
Sweden, Sueland, 70. 155, 356.
news from. 436.
and the Dutch, 4.
declaration of war on. 70; »ar
with Denmark, 77, 81. 249,
251, 332, 342, 358, 364, 4l(i.
424.
Irish serving iti, 222.
excluded from Sound. 332.
differences with Poland, 364.
fleet of, 119.

king of. See Charles IX of S^\ eden ;
Gustavu.s Adolphus.
Sweinfort, Swinfort. See Schweinfurt.
Swinnerton, Swynnerton. James, 131.
letter from, 1 74.

, Sir John, lord mayor of

London : inaugural feast of,
390.
Swiss :

and the Vaud, 25, 153, 356.
Savoy and, 76, 153. 352.
troops to garrison yuillebocuf,
365.
Switzerland :

diet of 13 Cantons at IJaden, 36,
39.

')3.j

.Switzerland — roHfil.

and Savoy about (icncva. 3!).

plafiuo in.' Kti). 134.

Catholif C'anton.s of. 53.

Kvangelioal Cantons of. 2()(i.
Sybc'i-i;. Syborg. envoy of Posses.sionei>i

to France. 208. 241.
Sydnev. See Sidney.

T.

Tabor [Bohemia. Czechoslovakia! : 38.
Tabriz. Tauris |Azerbijan. I'ersia | :

27. 137.
Tagus, River, Poi'tuga) : severe storm

in, 400.
Talbot, Gilbert, earl of Shrews!nir\-.

99, 286.
waits on Palatine, 391.
, Mary, countess of Shrews-
bury, in the Tower, 99.
Tampier. See Dampierre.
Tanfield. Sir Laurence, lord chief baron

of the exchequer. 192.
tapestry, arras, hangings, 377.

Rochester desires, 3(i9.
Tarentaise. Tarentoyc. valley of. in

Savoy [Savoie. France]. 34(i.
Targowskv, Samuel. Polish ambassador

at the Port<-: 137. 3(i3. 441.
Tartars, to help (iabor, 145; invade

Moravia, 152; defeat prince of

Moldavia. 3()3 ; ravaging Poland,

3(i7.
Tauris. See Tabriz.
Tavernei'. K.. lettei-s of. 5(i. 82.
Ta.xis, Juan de, count of ^'illa .Mediana,

Spanish ambassador in lOngland,

H).5.
Telin. See Thielin.
Tells, prince of, general of Bohemian

horse, 40.
Temijest. Father. 1()3.
Tengnagel. Tennagel, Tenogl. See

Gansnet. F'ranz.
Tergose. See Goes.
Termes, baron of. See Bcllegarde,

Ca>sar .Augustus de.
Termonde, Uendermonde. Terremonde,

I Prov. 1-;. Flanders. Belgium] :

lettei-s tlated at, 388, 404, 428.
Thames Kiver. river of London, 426.
Thaytes. Thomas. lOnglish soldier, 359.
Theiss, Kiver. Hungarv. 133.
Theobalds. Thiballs. 'i'ibbals. Tybald,

Tvbanlts, co. Fssex, 20, 5(>,

106. 181. 201. 331. .339. 3i»7-8.

411, 414. 419. 420. 440.
letter dated at, 3(i9.

Thevenart, .Scipio, 212.

Thielin. Telin [Prov. .\ntwerp, Bel-

giumj : 2(X)h.
Thiron, M. del, 92.
Thorn [Poland], 438.
Thorvs. Thoris. .John; 20. 24. 118,
137. 148, 178.
letters from. 155, 180, 2li(). 275,

286, 290, 296, 305, 396-7. 414.
mother of. 2(i7. 277. 280.
Thou, .lacipies Auguste de : in com-
mission of Finances, 21() ; objects
to Dolet. 220.

, Rene de. sieur de Bonoeil,

conductor of ambassadors. 340.
Thouara, due de. See Tremouille,

Henri seigneur de la.
Thouault, Abraham von. 146.
Throckmorton, Throumorton, Sir. John :
19L 195, 203, 346, .357.
letters from. 116. 123, 125, 131,
133, 138, 140, 147-8. 155, 170,
174. 182. 196, 201, 205, 207,
218. 221. 227. 270. 274. 277,
284-5. .325. 33o. ,335. 391. 4iM».
419. 421, 434-5, 442, 44.5.
complains of relea.se of Irish sent
over. 138; keeping double
watches at Flushing, 291.
lieutenant governor of Flushing,
434. 4.50.

. Richaid. 422. 434. 442. 450.

.Mr.. 291.

T'huiuery. .Jean de, seigneui- de Boissise :
sent to iSaumur a.sseniblv, 79.
92. 94. KM).
Thuren, Count of, 144.
T'hurn, Count of, count della Toiri' :
40.
wounded at Prague. 18, 22 ; entei-s

Prague with Matthias, 40.
lias emperor's councilloi-s arrested,
68.
Thurzo, Coiuit Fmerich, Palatine of
Hungarv: 133, 141.
wife of, 133.
Thwaits, T'hwayts, Mr., 26(i, 397.
Thvne, .Sir Henrv, 271.
Tibbals. See Theobalds,
ticks. Brussels, 399.
Tiefenbach, Tifenbach, baron of. 40.
T'illet. Mademoiselle du. 11. 34. 110;
e,\(merat«d. 113.

T'illev, M.. 333.
Tilly. See Tuylly.

Tilmont, ? Tirleinont [ Prov. Brabant.
Belgium] : letter dated at. 222.
tilting. 221. 2,56.

Timon, .M.. advocate, U'tter to, 2()8.
tin. trade in. 183.

536

Tingry, prinw of. Se£ Luxemburg,

Henry de.
Tirconnell [oo. Fermanagh, Ireland] :

222.
tobacco : present of. 171.

from Indies, 282.
Toison, order of. See (juklen Fleece.
Toledo, cardinal archbishop of. See
Sandoval v Rojas. Bernard II
do.
Toledo, Don Pedro de: 4it, 24().

chokes haven of Ma'araura, 123.
Tomsa, Shomshi, Stephan, prince of

Moldavia, 363.
Tomson, Giles, dean of Windsor : to

be bishop of Gloucester, 56.
Tooker, \\'illiani, dean of Lichfield :

book ])ublished by, 64.
Torgau [Saxony, German Kmpire] :
45.
meetini; of Estates at, 259, 285.
Torre, Count della, ambassador of
Savov in Spain : forbidden the
Court, 184, 186; confined to
Bernardins, 217 ; leaves, 224.

. iS'ee also Thurn.

Toulouse [Hte. Garonne, France] :
gold of, 53.
parlement of, 39o.
Tour, Henri de la, d'Auvergne, duke
of Bouillon, 23, 25, 60, 64, 86.
139, 206, 254, 257-8, 284, 321.
326, 368.
and the Palatinate, 4.
and Huguenot assembly, 69, 72,
79. 1.30; and edict of Xantes,
172.
ill. 113.

wants Edmomles t<i help Palatine
match with princess. 151 ;
coming to England to advance
match, 249, 251), 271, 276-7,
279, 283.
httle credit with Protestants but

made much of by queen. 199.
intervenes to soothe Soissons, 256 ;
stays quarrel between Conde
and Xevers, 350.
reception in England, 286, 288,
290; leaves. 296, 300; back
in Paris, 309, 320, 338.
and Huguenot deputies, 338, 345,
351 ; queen detains for nego-
tiations, 341.
goes to Sedan, 353, 355,
works with queen to pacify Hugue-
nots, 395.
Tour. Fi'ederick .Maurice de la.
Bouillons son, lord of Sedan,
23.

Touraay [Prov. Hainaut, Belgium] :

erection of seminary at, 127.
Toumhaut. See Turnhout.
Tours [Indre et Loire, France] :
governor of. See Souvre, Oilles
de.
Town Mailing. See Mailing, West.
Tozer, family, 4, 12, 26.
trade, commerce : project for, 85.
Trades Increase, E. Indiaman : take.s

Portuguese carrick, 226.
Transylvania and Transylvanians,
Sevenburgen, Siebenburgen, 73,
145. 330, 441.
Polish help for. 137.
troops sent against, 141.
invasion of Moravia by, 152.
Bathori conquers, 158-9.
emperor wants money to repel
Turks in, 343 ; Turks attack,
356 ; Turkish designs on, 441 ;
in the enemy's hand, 442.
prince of. See Bathori. Gabriel.
Trautmansdorif, sieur de : mission to

ecclesiastical electors, 285.
treasurer. See Cecil, Robert, earl of
Salisbury : Howard, Henry,
earl of Xorthampton ; Saek-
ville, Thomas, earl of Dorset,
appointment of, 374, 377, 392,
412, 414, 420, 436.

, the acting. See Ca?sar, Sir

Julius,
treaties, copies of, in request, 28, 365,
373, 390, 393, 413, 423-5.

, consult<'d bv Northampton,

443.
trees and plants for Salisbury, 1 82.

, for countess of Arundel, 394.

Tremouille, Tremuglia, Henri, seigneur
de la, due de Thouars, 286, 290,
353.

, governor of, 290.

Treves, [German Empire] : 408.
electorate of, 255.

, archbishop elector of. See

Mettemich, Lothaire von.
Trevor, Sir John, 147.
Triegla in Moravia [Czechoslovakia] :

40.
Trieste [Italy] : 263.
Troscia, Captain, 68.
Trouillon, M., a secretary, 93.
Truce, between Spain and the Dutch :
hollowness of the, 138 : Dutch
complain of breach of, 168, 189 ;
Xeyen employed upon, 432.
Truchses, — , 311.
Trulove, Thomas, 10.

537

Tnimbull, IJeborah. wife of William,
26. <35, 111, 124, 141. 240, 328,
341. 366. 388. 404, 413-4, 428-9.
letter to. 394.

Trumbull, Klizabeth, Bett. daughter of
William. 65.

Trumbull, William, resident at
BrusseLs :
letters from, 58, 62, 87, <MI, 188,
210, 229. 236, 242. 259. 264,
272-3, 279, 303, 31(). 326h. 349.
360, 382, 425. 450, 452.
referred to, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16,
21, 22. 47, 54-5, 57-8, 61, 64.
68, 70, 77-8, 80, 84, 86, 92. 94,
96, 99. 101-2, 104-7, 110, 113-6.
118-123, 125-130. 134-6, 142.
147-8, 150, 153. 155-6. 161,
163-5. 167, 170-1. 175-6, 178-

180, 185, 188, 190-1, 193. 195-9,
202, 204, 207-8, 213-4, 216-8,
220-4, 226-8, 231, 234-5, 239,
240-1, 245, 248, 2,53. 256, 259.
261. 263-4. 2(i7. 269. 277-9,
283, 285, 288-9, 291, 294-6.
298-9, 300, 302, 305, 307-9, 312,
314-6, 318-320. 322-3, 325-6,
330-1. 333-4. 336. 339-41. 343.
345-7. 349, 351-6, 358, 360,
362. 364. 366, 370, 373-4, 376.
379, 381. 385-7. 389. 392-5.
399, 405. 407-8, 410, 416-8,
421. 423, 428-9, 431-2. 436-7,
439, 440, 442-7, 449.

correspondence with Hotman. 3 ;
books of, 179.

sealing of letters. 3 ; books for.
i), 28-9, 153, 169. 394, 412.

payments due to. and made, 3,
4. 9, 10, 16, 21, 25. 47. 85. 99.
106, 109, 123-4, 139, 147, 201,
234, 239, 254, 323-4, 335. 338,
374.

and Elector Palatine. 5.

question of removal. 8. 16, 20-1.
31, 47, 77, 165: possible suc-
cessors to, 44, 46. 85, 139, 146,

181, 187, 226, 261, 315.
commissions executed by, 20.
debenture of, 47 ; exemption

from subsidy, 64,

suitore for place of, 64.

deals with archduke about Sey-
mour, 87-91 ; interviews Sey-
mour, 9(J-] ; will not receive
him, 105 ; commended about,
127.

case of Boyd recommended to,
105,

debt of Lord Roos to, 118, 165.

Trumbull. William — conhl.

Amias and Henry I'awlett recom-
mended to. 146; gift of boar

pies. 170.
courtesies to Silliard, 147 : offer

of house to Wake, 153.
Buc(iuoi sjK^aks highly of. 1.52 ;

thanked for kindness to Prince

of Hes.se, 1.54.
bills for clothes etc. sent to. 1.54;

hose for. 162. 166 ; goods pur-

cha.sed for. 165. 169.
and Wurtemberg's claim to M(jnt-

beliard. 160, 165, l()7-8. 215.

264. 274. 337. 392.
satisfaction given by. likely to

lead to reward. 164 ; to be

recalled soon, 195.
and courier's place, 169 ; grant

for reversion to, 238 ; advised

to write constantly, 3(J9.
warned not to overwork. 193-4 ;

abuse of. 309.
a.sked to get licence for shooting.

195 ; good offices wanted for

Lord Clifford, 259.
domix and carpets sent to. 2(K) ;

Christmas provisions for. 201.
account rendered to. by More,

217-8 ; and Salisbury, 305.
firat to report emperor's death.

227. 240.
and sculpture and pictures for

Prince Henry. 238.
may profit by Winwoods ad-

vanceinent. 328. 329; Win-
wood's assurances to. ,343.
and ca.se of Thomas Alberv, 330,

335 ; and countess of Worcester.

343 ; allusion to dream of, 368.
archbishop may further advance-
ment. 33! ; Rochester speaks

to king for. 369.
led skins for, 356 ; at Sedan, 38 1 ;

gloves for, 413.
reports audience of archduke

about cloth, 360 ; offices about

cloth. 383, 400.
contract with prince of Orange,

369 ; his project, 374 ; return

to Kngland desired, 407,
payment for house of, 410 ; allow-
ance for services, 449.
needs no intercessor, 412 ; to be

clerk of the Council, 440.
jiromise to spend Christmas with

Wake. 437.
birth of son to, 121, 123, 147;

christening of, and Edmondes,

124-5, 130, 133 ; christ«<ning of,

131, 133.

538

Ti-iiMibiill. William — coiilil.
brother of. 131.

William, son of. Kiit. 234. 258.
295-0. 298-9, 321). 327. 333. 341.
353. .357, 372. 404, 410. 440.
f:iizabetli. Bet, sister of, 329.
Trumbull. Sir William, 113.
'I'siheta. liver. Hungary: 133.
'rserelai.s, Mr.. 267.
Tubingen [Wirtemberg. (Jernian Vaw-

]jiiej : universit\- of. 397.
Tunis. X. Africa. 318. "

Moors pi'omiso to rebuild, 107.
Turin. T'hurin |Prov. Tr)riiio. Italy]:
14. 19. 72. 70. 103.
^^al■ against French in. 93.
Turkey. Capudan Pasha of. See Oguf
Mohammed,
tieet of, 3()3.
(irand ^'izier of. See Murad

Pasha ; Xasuff.
Sultan of. the grand Signoi'. See
Achmet 1 ; Solimau II.
'J'urks: 2(t9.

Persian victor\ over, 27 ; move

to exclude from Persian waters,

101 ; rujiture with Persians.

203.

provision in Prague treaty for

Hai' with, 75.
deputies of, at Paris, 107.
invade Moravia. 152 ; lielj)

Bathori. 158-9, 182, 202.
ami prince of Moldava, 184, 303.
armv returns to Constantinople,

219.
skirmish with at Zara. 203 ;

attack Transylvania, 350.
.Matthias better'htted to face, 302 ;
emperor wants money to repel.
343.
indirect helj) for Mulheim from.

343.
Palatine refuses help against, 352.
probable breach with Poland. 303.
Spinola wants emperor to go to
«ar with. 307, 382 ; efforts to
break with, 370.
emperor wants war with, 378.
397, 430, 442-3; large army
of ready to attack, 442.
Timier, '" the fencer." murder of, 297.
Turnhout, Tournhaut |Prov. Antweqj.
Belgium] ; seignory of, 230,
238.
Turquet. See Mayerne.
Tuscany, grand duch&ss of. See Maria
Magdalena of Austria,
grand duke of. See .Medici,
C'osinio II de', and l'\^rdinand
I de'.

Tuylly, 'I'illy. M. de, 308-9.

Tvbalds. Tvbaults. See Theobalds.

TVler. Mr.. 394.

Tyrconnel, carl of, his son, 301.

Tyrol, Austria, 0, 15.

Passau troops in, 5. 8.

sides ^^•ith emjx'ror. 75.
Tyrone, earl of. See O'Xeill, Hugh.

IT.

Ubaldini, Roberto, bishop of Monte-

pulciano, papal nuncio in

France :
and Bellarmine's book. 11. 18;

and jKipe's infallibility. 79 ;

and the Jesuits. 207.
])ractises against Richcr's book.

244. 257 ; action against

Richer. 357.
Ridolti staying with. 333. 338.
signs marriage contract. 3.53.
Ueeda, Uzeda, Useda. duchess of. 140.

.duke of. 278. 380.

Udenheim. See Odenheim.
Uladislaus, prince of Poland, 251. 438.
Ulm. Hans Ludwig von. imperial vice-
chancellor. 354.
ITm [Bavaria. (>'erman Empire] : lends

money to em]X"ror, 354.
ITrich. Herr. IS.
I'lster. Ireland. 427.
L'nion. Princes of the. Protestant

Princes, United Princes, 415,

433. 440. 451.
meeting at Schwcinfurt. 22. 2(i.

40, 54.
Matthias informs of plans. 24 ;

asks admission to. 2().
meeting at Nuremberg, 40 ; im-et-

ing at Rothenberg. 99. 108-9,

114-5, 120-2. 125. 129. 134,

145.
ready to succour Bohemia, 54 ;

grant troops to .Matthias, 57.
emperor and Matthias wish to

make use of. 122 ; emjwror

acknowledges. 144.
accept ti'caty of Juterbog. 132 ;

Sa.\on\- to be admitted to, 134 ;

support Saxony, 143. 191, 198.
embassy from to France. 145,

172. "
empi'ror asks support of. 148 ;

mission fiom to emperor, 152 ;

cm])eror and, 108.
and .\lontl)cliard, 100. 235, 204.
and Aix. 107. 193. 208, 215, 227,

29.3, 348, 415. 418.

539

Union, I'linics of'th( — conOl.

W'inwood to make treaty with,

107; treaty with, 170; send

to VVimvood, 198, 21)8.
(luestion of .James joininj;, 208 ;

W'inwood to conclude treaty

with, 250 ; treaty with, 205,

278.
and administration of Palatinate,

2oO ; Ueuxponts apjjeals to,

ajiainst ealumiiy, 37(>.
and Neuburtt, 253,
lOvanj^elical Cantons join, 2()(5.
Aneel sent to, 295 ; and France,

320.
meeting of at Rothenburg, 30-1- ;

projxjsed meeting of, before

diet. 423, 430, 44(5.
and treaty of Wesel, 310, 320;

prospects for breaking, 317,
Saxony's sympathies with

opponents of, 323,
asked for help against Turks,

repl\-, 343 ; o))])o.se anticipation

of diet, 382.
l^rinces Possessioners appeal to,

■3ti(>, 410,
meeting of at mariiage of Anspach,

376, 385.
emperor's threat to, 430 ; im-

pcTial council's hostility to,

439.
young Duke of Brunswick may

join, 443.
United Provinces, United States. »S'ce

Netherlands.
Ui'sino, J)on Vcrginio, 27.
Usco<-chi, 3()2.

usfjuebath, liiiiioi' called, 404.
Ustler, Uslar, Colonel, 25, 92, 104.
Utrecht. Utricht [XetherlandsJ : r>4,

375,
Icttere dated at, 35. 44, 83.
troubles at, 30, 33, 35, 44, 48,

54, 7(i, 83.
, burgomaster of. See Hel-

singhen. Henry de ; Kanther,

Dirick.
, governor of. See Ogle, Sir

John.

V.

\'ach, 295.

Valais, Switzerland, exjx'ls Jesuits,

350.
Valclienbourg, 310.
Valencia, Spain: 240, 301.
N'alentines, 220.

of Archduke
Brus.sels, 281,

Valcry, See St, V'alery.

\'alette, marquis de la. See Xogaret,

Bernard,
\'alke, Capt,, 428.
Valkenstein, envoy

Maximilian to

289.
Valladolid [I'rov. Valladolid, SpainJ ;

354.
English seminary at, ISO.
Valtelline [Switzerland | ; 8.
Van Bern be. Van den Bcnibdc, 421,

449, 450.
\'andermyle, Cornelius, Dutch am-
bassador in France : 432.
letter from referred to, 134.
^'an der Mxle, M., 248.
Vandicke, Jacob, Swedish ambassador

to England : 48,
, van Dijck, Swedish am-
bassador at the Hague, 4,
asks Dutch for sailors and soldici's,

49.
Vanliove, Mijnheei-, 418.
Van Lemeur, 372.
Van Oppen, Oppain, controller at

Antwerp, 408, 411.
V'arenne, Marquis de la. See Fou(|Uct,

Guillaume,
\'asily Shuzsky, the Czar, the Jlus-

covite, 9.
Vassambourg. — , 200.
^'assy [Hauti' Marnc. France]
\'atan [Indre, France]: 175.
castle beseiged, 187 ; to be

205.
, baron of

Florimund.
Vaucelas, baron de

Andre de,
Vaud, Vau, Vaux, Veaux [Sh itzerland | :

Savov and, 25, 29, 33, 53, 109,

113, 122, 129, 153, 181, 350,
\'audemont, count of. See Lorraine,

Francis of,
Vaux, near Cambrai |Pas de Calais,

France]: 303.
V'aux, Mrs. Anne. 180.

, lord, 145, 200. 298.

Velasco, Alonso de, Spanish am-
bassador in England, 53, 59, 315,
at prince's masque, 1,2; feasted,

47 ; relations with Kuffia, 67,

187.
rejx)rted affront to, 09.
in mourning for queen, 164 ; de

Vitry sent to, for i'riars, 197.
S])oke to James about maniage

alliance, 105; expostulation

with about, 171 ; tricked Salis-

burv over, 332.

351.

Sec du I'uy,
See Cochctilet,

540

Vclasco, Alonso de — coiUJ.

remonstrance with alM>ut treat-
ment of merchants. 197.

speaks in favour of Anglo Savoy
match. 197 ; disavowed. 205.

Salisbury speaks to about ill
treatment of merchants. 201 ;
.lames speaks to about, 221.

inquiries addressed to by colleague.
282 ; Zuniga's a))pointment a
slight to, 339.

quarrel with French ambassador,
296 ; recalled, 318. 328. 344.

at court about a prize. 331 ; before
Council about sugar seized, 412.

two .Jesuits taken out of house of,

384.

\'elasco, -Juan Fernandez de, duke of

Frias, constable of Castile,

governor of Milan : 14, 24, 318.

Lerma's hostility to, 123 : and
Sassello afFair. 13.5.

otfer to the Orisons. 149.

and Dr. Barbarana. 103.

reported death. 184; iTturning to
Spain, 301, 319, 328.

takes Franciscan habit, 380.
\'elasco, Don Luis de, general of

archduke's hoi'se, 2(iO.
\'el8er. See Welser.
velvets ; 449.
Vendomc, duke of. See Caesar, duke

of Vendome.
Venesis. M., councillor to the arch-
dukes : 90-1.
Venice: 183.306,324,401.

letters dated at, 14, 26, 45, 57.
7.5. 81, 9.5, 98, 103, 116. 122.
134. 166. 182. 200, 218, 224,
238, 2.50, 255, 262, 289, 298,
315, 323, .334. 347. 362. 374.
429, 441.

news from. 197.

carnival at, 14 ; disorders at, 117.

jealousv of Spain, 24 ; Calderon
going to, 184, 186. 24().

offers to Borghese, 27.

and Seymour, 117.

and the pope, 117, 287, .361 : and
dignity of cardinal, 135.

and the Grisons, 149, 262, 351.

friendship with desirable. 251.

and the Jesuits. 263, 327.

Carmelite friars from, in Kngland,
331.

difference with Archduke Fer-
dinand, 362.

Council of Ten, 287.

doge of. See Donato, I..eonardo.

Inquisitors, 135.

Inquisitors of State, 287.

Venice — cotitd.
Senate, 135.
St. Mark's church, 331.
Ventadour, duke of See Levis, Anne

de.
Verdun, bishop of See Lorraine,

Eric de.
Verdun, Xichola* de, president of the
Parlement of Paris, 53, 60,
244.
Vere, Sir H., 124.

, Sir .John, 142.

Vermeulen, Hans, 177-8, 224. 270-1,

283, 295, 413.
X'erncuil, marquise de. See Balzac,

Henriette de.
Verreyken, Vereyken. Louis, the
' Audiencer, 230, 375. 383.
Trumbull referred to. about cloth,
360.
Verstegan, Versteghen, Hans, 361,
409, 419, 424, 431.
passport for cloth granted to, 391.
Victor Amadeus, prince of Piedmont :
proposed French match for, 19,

27. 151, 176.
proposed Enghsh match lor, 25,
27, 34, .52-3, 65-(i, 108, 157,
251-2.
proposed Florentine match for,
151.
Vienna, Austria, 144, 202, 340, 393.
news from, 140, 145, 194, 219,

372.
Matthias asked to reside at, 75 ;
Matthias going to, 95. 109, 112.
114.
preparations at for marriage of
Matthias, 158-9 ; Matthias goes
to, 1 72 ; marriage celebrated
at, 194; emperor at, 430, 448.
church of St. Stephen, 194.
archbishop of. See Klesl, Mel-
chior.
Vieuville, Vieuvales, Charles, marquis
of, French ambassador for Aix,
143, 188.
well received, 149 ; burgesses

incensed against, 159.
supposed to favour .Jesuits, 150;

unsuccessful, 173.
operations of, 193 ; leaves, 198,

203 ; accord made by, 233.
archdukes' deputies revile, 202.
Vigliena, marquis of. Viceroy of Sicily ;

quarrel with church, 197-8.
Vignier. Nicolas, Huguenot minister
at Blois, author of " Le Theatre
de I'Antechrist," 9, 12.
lK«)k de kt Preseance, 28.

5U

Villa Mediana, count of. 8ee Taxis,

Juan de.
Villeroy, — , 52.

, seigneur ilc. See Nenfville,

Nifolaa dc.
Villette, Amedte, baron de, Savoyard
ambassador to the Swiss :
oration to the Catholic Cantons,
53 ; leaves Baden, lOH.
Vilna [Lithuania] : 438.
Vinoennes [Seine, FraneeJ : bois de,

368.
Vinckles, Vincles, — , 224, 429.
Virginia [U.S.A.], 412.

plantation of, 9, 44, 50, 85, 130,

344.
Spain and, ti7, 85, 96, 189. 190,
232, 318, 329, 331, 38(J, 384,
400.
shij) from, 106.

lottery for, 279, 307, 344, 398,
412.

, governor of. See West,

'J'honias, lord Delaware.
Visoher, imperial envoy to Brussels :

at Dresden, 103.
Visconti, Visecmde, Count Octaviano.
Count Octavio : consulted
about Flanders, 231.
going with Spinola, 245, 257, 261,

263.
made governor of Como, 26 1 , 2()3.
going to Matthias, 282, 317.
Vitry, Vitterye, marquis of. See

Hopital, Louis Gallacio de 1'.
Vivonne, Charles de, baron de la
Chastaineraye, M. de la Chas-
tigneraye, 15. 256.
Vlaming, Vlamink. See Fleming.
Vlushing. iSee Flushing.
Voorst, Vorstius, Conrad van de :
248-9, 259, 277, 294.
book of, de Attributis Dei. 139,

142 ; burned, 147.
king's displeasure about, 139,
147-8, 206, 278 ; prot<>st to
States about, 140, 142, 169,
171, 174. 180, 198. 218. 221,
234, 240.
to be banished. 182 ; proposed
compromise. 197 ; reply to
VVinwood about, 205 : Dutch
dealings with, 235, 282.
book of James against, 228, 234-5.
allowed to remain at Hague, 250.
book by a Scot against, 308 ;
Elias Barnevelt patron of, 335,
342.
dispute with Fglisemius. 346.
Barnevelt gives .James satisfaction
about, 435.

Vovishers, Mr., 298.
Vove. Voie, Philippe de la : 322, 347,
371, 407, 418, 430. 433, 448.
letters of, 206, 213.

w.

Waal, River, 375.

Wachtendonc, M. de. chancellor of
Liege : mission to Brussels, 215.
227.
Waeker, Johan Mathias, imperial
councillor : 97.
acts for emperor, 102.
Wads worth, —.431.
Waesland, Waes [Prov. K. Flanders,

Belgium] : 428.
Wake, Wack, Walk. Mr., 218.

. Baldwin, 142, 162, 184, 245,

284, 302.

, Isaac, letter of, 135.

secretary of Sir Dudley Carleton,
393 ; at Antwerp, leaving for
England, 401.

, Lyonell : 95, 135, 142, 165,

178, "244, 261, 269, 299, 307,
340, 366. 373. 391. 393, 408,
411, 417. 421, 423. 424. 439,
450.
letters from, 10, 57, 61, 123, 153,
161, 191, 195, 203, 288-9, 291,
354, 356, 371. 401, 437.
letter to, 449.

debt due to, in Spain, 10, l(i2,
184-6, 19fJ-2, 214, 225. 278,
284, 313, 319, 402.
asks for licence to shoot birds,

195.
commission for, 217.

, , daughter of, 289, 293.

, , wife of, 191.

Walcheren, Walkeren [Prov. Zeeland,

Netherlands] : island of, 47.
Walcot, Kendrick, Calley's factor in

Spain, 307.
Walden, lord. <S'ee Howard, Theo-
philus. baron Howard de Wal-
den.
Wales, prince of. See Henry.
Wallachia :

Voyvode, Way da of, 141.
Bathori conquering, 158-9, 182,
202 ; Turkish designs on, 441.
Walstein, Adam von, 144.
Waluwe, Pierre and Paul vander, 149.
Ward, Sir William, 16.

, Mr.. 243, 291.

Wards, Court of, 9.
Ware, Mi.. 324.

542

\VaiT<)« . M. tie : envoy from Liege

to Bi-ussels. 304. '
Warsaw, Poland : 198, 203. 213.
paper dated at. 177.
diet of, 193.
Warwick, county of, 140.
\\'aterford, Ireland :

rising against bishop of. 240.

. bishop of. <S'fe Lancaster,

tJohn.
Wathei-s, Mr., 133.
Watkin. John, letter fioni, 49.
wax, for sealing, 3.
weather :

rain after drought, 93 ; veiy

pinching winter, 2(J5.
storm at Lisbon, 400, 402 ; higli
winds and storms, 445.
\\'eei(lt. M. de. Pensionary, 149, 3().5.
Weert, Wert [Prov. X. Brabant,
Netherlands] : cloth made at,
426.
■Weerwitz, M. de, colonel of Bohemia,

219.
Weissbacher, Georg, 144.
Welden. Lady, 298.
Welser, Velser. Matthew, imperial
treasurer, ,51.
arrested, 08 ; adjunct for diet.
141.
AVcrfenstein, Werffen [AiistriaJ : 188.
Werpen, M. de. governor of Maas-
tricht, commissioner for arch-
dukes to Aix la Chai^Ue, 114.
125.
nii.schief caused by, 115, 121 ;
milder, 120 ; operations of,
143. 150. 17.5, 190.
reviles Fitnch. 202 ; decamps, 208.
Wert. See Weert.

Wesel [Hhenish Prussia. German Km-

liirc|: 174. 198, 208, 235, 250,

25(). 259, 265, 278. 293, 324,

353, 363, 367.

treatv dated at, 2(i5. 279. 308.

310, 320.
Elector Palatine at, 376.
Wesmal, Herr. 332.
Wesphenninck, Mons., 233, 248, 253.
West, ^riionias, lord Delaware,
governor of Virginia, 85.
Apology of, 10().
West Indies :

fleet from, 161.
English trade with, 331.
Westcrnach, Sieur, emperor's envoy

to Rothemburg, 120. 122.
Westminster : 131-2.
letter dated at, 314.
Sanquhar hanged at. 325.
Abbey, 192.

Westphalia [German Empire] : 242.
Wheeler, Wheler. Mr., secretary to

[Merchant Adventureis] : 403,

408, 423.
Wilford. Thomas, 21.
William V, diike of Bavaria, daughtoi'

of, 370.
William, duke of Saxc Weimar, Wey-

meren : 204.
Williams, Abraham : 47, 122.

letters from, 24, 29, 47, (i9. 7(),

81, 94, 101, 118, 1.35, 142, 155,

223. 293, 308, 315, 342. 35S,

371, 381, 392.
jxistseript added by, 377.

, William, letter of, 420.

Willis, Captain, 222.

Willoughby, lord, of Eresby. See

Bertie. Robert.
Wilson, John, letter of, 363.
Winchester, bishop of. See Bilson,

Thomas.
, dean of. See Morton,

Thomas.
Windsor, co. Berks, 106.

, dean of. See Tomson, Giles.

Windsor, Catherine, nee Somerset, lady

Windsor, 276.
Winenburg, baron of, burgrave of

Alzen. Palatinate commissioner

to Aix, 429, 437.
Winendale. See Wynendaele.
Winnedal, seigneurie de, 72.
\Vinwood. Sir Raphe, English am-
bassador at the Hague : 34.

49, 136, 201, 235. 279. 305,

307-8. 322, 3.55.
letters from, 1, 5, II, 24, 32, 54,

70, 76, 81, 96, 101, 113, 117,

119. 132, 138. 156, 107, 181.

200-1, 208, 219. 226, 235, 241.

248, 250, 255, 275, 294, 310,

326. 343. 348, 352, 358. 377,

390, 392. 393, 424, 436.
referred to, 152.
asked to help count of E. Friesland,

30 ; attended princess of Conde,

182.
remonstrances to States General

about Voretius, 140, 142, 148.

169, 183, 198. 218; reply to,

205.
to perfect league with Union, 168 ;

piinees of Union send to, 198.

208 ; to conclude tit^atv \\ith

Union. 250.
proceedings about Vorstius, 234-5,

277.
going to Wesel, 259 ; at Wcsel,

265.

343

Wiii\v()i)(l. Sir Kai)he — conUL

I'otuins to Ijondon, 323 ; called
to KnjjUuid bv king, 326. 342 ;
back again. 332, 335. 343.

cxppct.s ai>|)ointinent as Secrctarv
of .state. 32.5. 327. 335, 341-2,
344. 374. 43(i ; misgiving.s about,
329. 330.

lia.s his crosses, 32i) ; comments
on journey to England, 333.

and Kdmondes. 333. 370; king
satisfied with. 335.

leaving for new post, 375.

christening of twins of, 381.

, Klizabeth, wife of (nee Ball) :

ill. 342-4; recovered. 371 : gives
birth to twins. 3X1 ; twins
christened. 38(1.
Wiston. See Royston.
witchci-aft, alleged. 24().
witches, burned at Madrid, 111.
Witgenstein, comit of, lOti.
\Vither, Withers. Anthony, 153, 191,
195, 220, 372, 377, 398.

letters from. 95. 163. 178.

, John, letter of. 306.

. Mr., .323.

Wittenau [BrandenVjing. ( German

Empire] : 152.
Wolfgang, William, prince of Xeuburg,
Xubeig, Xewbourg, the Pala-
tine : 22, 43, 40, 121, 1.38,
198, 291, 298, 358, .363. 367.

letter from. (il.

exjiected at Hague, 49 ; at Cleve
for Estates, 72 ; going to
England, 77, 81 ; not expected.
85.

offended with Deux Fonts, ,54,
74 ; unreasonable, 72-3.

objects to admission of Saxony,
66, 77, 81, 87, 108, 125; gets
declaration against, 125-().

investiture of I^avestein granted
to, 72.

not represented at coronation of
Matthias, 73 ; secretary of, 75.

uncertain about journey, 87 ;
will proceed, 99 ; goes to Berlin.
101, 115; well received. 108.

Markham presents letters from,
at Paris. KH) ; no great pro-
pension towai'ds, 100, 108.

wounded. 106, 136 ; visits elector
of Cologne, 126.

movements of, 130. i32. 136,
143. 147.

and the Palatinate. 132, 143, 167,
173.

and treaty of Juterbog, 132, 204,
216.

Wolfgang, William — coiitiL

sencls for .Markham. 136; Mark-
ham in service of, 1.39, 248,

272, 3.53 : bad influence, 140.
and Aix, 143. 1.50. 285. 288-9. 430.
at Nuremberg diet. 158 ; leaves

Xui'eniberg, 173 ; in Pru.ssia,

22(i. 241, 256; leaves Prussia,

258, 286, 288.
Saxony plain with. 191 ; desires

mediation with Saxony, .322.
goes to meet elector of Branden-
burg. 202. 222 ; at Prague. 204,

211-2. 265.
and the emperor, 211-3.
urgetl to ratify treaty of .luter-

bog. 231 ; troubles of in Berg.

443.
settling Pi-ote.stants at Midheim.

2.58; more interested in .Mul-

heini. 322.
g(X'S to see Matthias, 288 : at

Dusseldorf. 31(); builds nnich

on emperor. -145.
jealousy of Brandenburg, 367.
disputes with Anspach, 372 ;

wants to be on good tei'ms with

Cologne, 445.
complaints of proceedings of,

405 ; opj)osed to courses of

Heidelberg. 430.
.sending embassy

437 ; satisfied

from France.

Holland, 445.
and ICrfurt assenibl\-, 441.

to visit Stuttgart, 443.
goes to father, 444, 448.
Wolley, .John. 65.

, Mrs., 65.

Wolschersdorf near Vienna [Austria] :

14.5.
\Vonsheini. .lean Bartholt de. 29.
\\'ood, Ann, Mrs. Pepin, Pippin, 32,

.56, 60, 1.30, 181.

, Sir .John, widow of, 28, 93.

, Mary, 279.

Woodstock Park. co. Oxford. 28. 164.
wool : 280.

ex]X)rt of English, to Fland<M-s,

230, 273, 426; proiK)sal to

force, 280.
export to Spain, 291.
Spanish, high price of, 236.
Worcester, countess of. See Somerset,

Elizabeth.
, earl of. See Somerset,

I'Mward.
Workum, \\'orchum [I'rov. Friesland,

A'etherlandsJ : 277.

to England,
with answers
Fnglanil and

444;

544

Worms [Hesse, German Empire] :

Jesuits expelled from. 160, 170.
proposed diet at, 259.
meeting of Hanse at, 279.
meeting of imperial towns at.

298. '
deputies of, and Frankfort. 341,
343.
Wotton, Edward, baron, 330. 434.
ambassador to France, 20.
suggested as socretarv of State,

306.
shook the Spanish ambassador,
332.
Wotton, Sir Henry, amliassador to
Venice, Ifi, (30.
at Paris, 12, 15, 19, 24 ; at Turin,
14, 19 ; leaving for Savoy. 254 ;
returning home, 335.
made clerk of chancery, 31, 04;

pension for, 64.
named for secretary of state, 266,
306, 335.
Wragge, Wrag, Christopher : 298.
letters from, 295, 404.
wife of, 404.
Wresseviez, — , 68.
Wright, Dr. Thomas, a priest. 131,

304, 419.
Wriothesley, Henry, earl of South-
ampton : at prince's masque,
2; spoken of for treasurer. 315.
waits on Palatine, 391.
Wuikers, — , project for regulation of

coinage, 274.
Wurteniberg [German Empire] : 52.
ambassadors of, 265, 274, 324,

337, 387, 392.
duke of. <S'ee John Frederick of

Wurtemberg.
jjrinces of. >,S'ee Frederick

prince of Wurtemberg ; Julius
Frederick ; Louis Frederick.
Wurtzburg, bishop of. See Echter,

Julius, von Mespelbraun.
Wynendaele, Winendale [Prov. W.
Flanders, Belgium] ; seignorv
of. 237.

Xaintonge, France: 211.

Epernon, goes to, 65, 69, 87.
assembly at, 365 : Huguenots of,
395.

Yalding, co. Kent., 410.

Yarmouth, Great, co. Norfolk, 398.

Yongc, Mr. : 254.

York, archbishop of. See Matthew,

Tobias,
duke of. See Charles, son of

James 1.
Yorkists, 184.
Vveteaux, Vauquelin des, preceptor

to Louis XIIL 114.

z.

Zante, Ionian island : 1 83.
Zara [Dahnatia, .lugo SlaviaJ : 263.
Zeeland, Zealand, Zeland, province
of, Netherlands, 59, 71, 288,
295, 375, 388, 404, 415, 429.
quartering of troops on, 21, 48,
55, 119; and cotisation for
army, 13 L
Count Maurice in, 55.
Lesieui' going to, 55.
"our runagate" in, 174.
sides with James, against Voi-stius,

206-7.
and ojiening of Schelde, 260 ;

i^nglish wool sent via, 426.
States of. 81, 134, 138. 140.
title of count of, 252.
Zenger, Christoffe, chancellor of Mont-
beliard, Wurtemberg, envoy to
archdukes, 215, 237.
Ziehen. See Sichem.
Znaim [Moravia, Czechoslovakia] : 39.
Zollern, count of. See HohenzoUem.
Zouch, Edward, baron, member of the

Council, 434.
Zuero, Don Lopez, 269.
Zuiiiga. Cunega, Cuniga, Balthazar
de. Don Baltliasar, Spanish
ambassador in Germany, 68, 99.
goes to meet Matthias, 39, 40 ;
laboure to reconcile Matthias
and Leopold, 50 ; at coronation
of Matthias, 78, 80.
going to electoral diet, 98 ; going
to Dresden and Nuremberg,
134, 144, 152. 158-9.
acts for the emperor, 102 ;
em]X'ror's agent referred to,
about Sassello, 135.

545

Zuniiia. Balthazar de — cotiUL

i-eply to about attending diet,

144; at diet, 164; recom-
mended Matthias to Electors,

190.
at wedding of Matthias, 194-5 ;

and Mulheim, 322.
Solre dies at house of, 238.
Spinola to meet, 317. 322, 336;

count of ZoUern to confer with,

448.
weddina of, 423, 430, 433, 439,

440, 443-4.
Zuniga, Pedro de, Spanish ambassador

in England : 165.
as ambassador extraordinarj', 244,

261, 263-5, 274, 277, 279, 284.

294, 297, 300-2, 317-8, 321.

330, 339, 366.
made marquis of Villa Flores, 261,

263 ; still at Madrid, 278.

Zuniga, Pedro de — contd.

received by James, 325 ; to speak
about Virginia. 329 ; specula-
tion about. 331 ; impertinences
of resented, 332.

goes hunting with king, 339 ;
begins to plot business, 344.

needless lingering in England,
348 ; hopes to upset Palatine
match, 352, 354 ; takes leave,
374.

marriage of, 264.

marquis of Flores Davila, 432.
Zurich [Switzerland] :

news from, 336.

sends help for Berne and Geneva,
29 ; deputies to Savoy, 39.

plague at, 143.

alliance with Baden, 367.
Zweibrucken. See Deux Ponts.

Printed under the authority of Hia Majesty's Stationery Office
by T. Beaty Hart, Ltd., Green Lane, KetteriDR.

/

IIW TBI

■ IW Date Due slW

SIIm

III ^H

u } c '70

9 1 1 ^tf

^I^^^IBRAHY

iN ^^ I/,

aUPI

^^^^E

;^^H P

^^^^Hl

iK 'B

U^^^m

1 E

mmK/L

^^^^H E>

■ 1^

llki 1

l|l|^

1 1 1 1 M

■ ll2l

llll. ■

^H ^^H .^^^^^Bfll

UUl V

I^^^^^L^^^^^IC '^1

IM^^Bm

^HSI-E

HS^H

w^Si'-w

I^K^^K

sHK'^'I

IIVH

jMH^'l

IIISH

lllli 1

ISlll ;

III^H

H ^B II''

I^^^P

^im

I^^^S

^M^^M'

^^^^^^^■^■1 Demco-29:j P^^^^^^^BH |